Plot bar chart with multiple groups of bars with matplotlib pyplot

plot_bars.py

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib

# ugly hack to embed fonts
matplotlib.rc("pdf", fonttype=42)

edgecolor = "black"

bar_scale = 0.8

plt.figure(figsize=(14, 4))

things = [
    {
        "label": "The best",
        "values": [0.4, 0.60, 0.52, 0.44, 0.2],
        "color": "#00ff00",
    },
    {
        "label": "Slightly worse",
        "values": [0.3, 0.45, 0.39, 0.33, 0.15],
        "color": "#dddddd",
    },
    {
        "label": "Bad",
        "values": [0.2, 0.30, 0.26, 0.22, 0.1],
        "color": "#afafaf",
    },
    {
        "label": "Trash",
        "values": [0.1, 0.15, 0.13, 0.11, 0.05],
        "color": "#666666",
    },
]

group_labels = ["Group #1", "Group #2", "Group #3", "Group #4", "Group #5"]

for i, data in enumerate(things):
    x = 1 + np.arange(len(group_labels)) + (i - (len(things) - 1) / 2) * bar_scale / len(things)

    plt.bar(
        x=x,
        height=data["values"],
        width=bar_scale / len(things),
        label=data["label"],
        color=data["color"],
        edgecolor=edgecolor,
        linewidth=0.5,
    )

plt.ticklabel_format(axis="y", style="sci", scilimits=(0, 0), useMathText=True)
plt.xticks(1 + np.arange(len(group_labels)), group_labels)
plt.xlim([0.5, len(group_labels) + 0.5])
plt.ylabel("Goodness")
plt.legend()
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()