Script to export Twitter data (statuses, friends, followers).

export_twitter.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
'''
    export_twitter
    ==============

    Export data information from Twitter, including friends, followers,
    statuses, and more. Note that the API JSON document should look like:

        {
            "consumer_key": "...",
            "consumer_secret": "...",
            "access_token": "...",
            "access_token_secret": "..."
        }

    Sample Usage:
        ./export_twitter.py \
            --friends \
            --api api.json \
            --user kardonice \
            --output kardonice.csv \
            --save-media \
            --format csv \
            --verbose

    Requirements:
        Python 3.5+
        tweepy==3.10.0
        requests>=2.25
'''

__version__ = '0.0.0-dev'
__author__ = 'Alex Huszagh <ahuszagh@gmail.com>'
__license__ = 'Unlicense (Public Domain)'

import argparse
import csv
import json
import os
import requests
import tweepy
import urllib.parse


def print_verbose(message, verbose=True):
    if verbose:
        print(message)


def generate_api(path):
    api_data = json.load(open(path))
    consumer_key = api_data['consumer_key']
    consumer_secret = api_data['consumer_secret']
    access_token = api_data['access_token']
    access_token_secret = api_data['access_token_secret']
    auth = tweepy.OAuthHandler(consumer_key, consumer_secret)
    auth.set_access_token(access_token, access_token_secret)

    return tweepy.API(
        auth,
        timeout=5,
        wait_on_rate_limit=True,
        wait_on_rate_limit_notify=True,
        compression=True
    )


def get_user(api, screen_name):
    return api.lookup_users(screen_names=[screen_name])[0]


def get_cursor(cursor, default):
    if cursor is None:
        return default
    return cursor


def get_followers(api, user, args):
    cursor = tweepy.Cursor(
        api.followers,
        user_id=user.id,
        screen_name=None,
        cursor=get_cursor(args.cursor, -1),
    )
    for page in cursor.pages():
        print_verbose(f'Current cursor at {cursor.iterator.next_cursor}', args.verbose)
        yield from page


def get_friends(api, user, args):
    cursor = tweepy.Cursor(
        api.friends,
        user_id=user.id,
        screen_name=None,
        cursor=get_cursor(args.cursor, -1),
    )
    for page in cursor.pages():
        print_verbose(f'Current cursor at {cursor.iterator.next_cursor}', args.verbose)
        yield from page


def get_statuses(api, user, args):
    cursor = tweepy.Cursor(
        api.user_timeline,
        user_id=user.id,
        screen_name=None,
        max_id=get_cursor(args.cursor, None),
    )
    for page in cursor.pages():
        print_verbose(f'Current cursor at {cursor.iterator.max_id}', args.verbose)
        yield from page


ITEM_MESSAGE = {
    'followers': ('user', 'screen_name'),
    'friends': ('user', 'screen_name'),
    'statuses': ('status', 'id_str'),
}

SIMPLE_USER_FIELDS = [
    'created_at',
    'default_profile',
    'default_profile_image',
    'description',
    'favourites_count',
    'followers_count',
    'friends_count',
    'id',
    'id_str',
    'listed_count',
    'location',
    'name',
    'profile_banner_url',
    'profile_image_url_https',
    'protected',
    'screen_name',
    'statuses_count',
    'url',
    'verified',
    'withheld_scope',
]

SIMPLE_STATUS_FIELDS = [
    'contributors',
    'created_at',
    'favorite_count',
    'favorited',
    'filter_level',
    'geo',
    'id',
    'id_str',
    'in_reply_to_screen_name',
    'in_reply_to_status_id',
    'in_reply_to_status_id_str',
    'in_reply_to_user_id',
    'in_reply_to_user_id_str',
    'is_quote_status',
    'lang',
    'possibly_sensitive',
    'quote_count',
    'quoted_status_id',
    'quoted_status_id_str',
    'retweet_count',
    'retweeted',
    'source',
    'text',
    'truncated',
    'withheld_copyright',
    'withheld_scope',
]

SIMPLE_FIELDS = {
    'followers': SIMPLE_USER_FIELDS,
    'friends': SIMPLE_USER_FIELDS,
    'statuses': SIMPLE_STATUS_FIELDS,
}


def print_item_verbose(item, mode, verbose):
    field_type, field_attr = ITEM_MESSAGE[mode]
    print_verbose(f'Writing {field_type} {getattr(item, field_attr)}', verbose)


def extract_fields(item, fields):
    if fields is None:
        return item._json
    return {k: item._json.get(k) for k in fields}


def write_items(location, iterable, mode, args):
    os.makedirs(location.parent, exist_ok=True)
    if args.save_media:
        os.makedirs(location.directory_path, exist_ok=True)
    globals()[f'write_{args.format}'](location, iterable, mode, args)


def write_csv(location, iterable, mode, args):
    with open(location.file_path, 'a', newline='') as file:
        writer = None
        fields = args.fields or SIMPLE_FIELDS[mode]
        for index, item in enumerate(iterable):
            if writer is None:
                writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames=fields, dialect='excel-tab')
                writer.writeheader()

            print_item_verbose(item, mode, args.verbose)
            data = extract_fields(item, fields)
            writer.writerow(data)
            if index % 10 == 0:
                file.flush()

            if args.save_media:
                save_media_urls(location, item, args)


def write_json(location, iterable, mode, args):
    # this writes it as a series of JSON objects, to avoid failing to write to disk
    with open(location.file_path, 'a') as file:
        fields = args.fields
        for index, item in enumerate(iterable):
            print_item_verbose(item, mode, args.verbose)
            data = extract_fields(item, fields)
            file.write(json.dumps(data) + '\n')
            if index % 10 == 0:
                file.flush()

            if args.save_media:
                save_media_urls(location, item, args)


def save_media_urls(location, item, args):
    media = item._json.get('entities', {}).get('media', [])
    media += item._json.get('extended_entities', {}).get('media', [])
    for media_item in media:
        save_media_item(location, item, media_item, args)


def save_media_item(location, item, media_item, args):
    url = media_item.get('media_url_https')
    if url is not None:
        parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
        filename = os.path.basename(parsed.path)
        unique_filename = f'{item.id_str}-{media_item["id_str"]}-{filename}'
        save_media(location, url, unique_filename, args)


def save_media(location, url, unique_filename, args):
    print_verbose(f'Saving media at url "{url}" with unique ID {unique_filename}.')
    response = requests.get(url)
    if not response.ok:
        print(f'\033[31mError:\033[0m Unable to save media attachment at url "{url}".')

    path = os.path.join(location.directory_path, unique_filename)
    with open(path, 'wb') as file:
        file.write(response.content)


def get_mode(args):
    attrs = ['friends', 'followers', 'statuses']
    for attr in attrs:
        if getattr(args, attr, None):
            return attr

    raise ValueError('Currently unknown export mode')


class OutputLocation:
    _slots_ = ('parent', 'filename', 'extension')

    def __init__(self, path, file_format):
        realpath = os.path.realpath(path)
        self.parent = os.path.dirname(realpath)
        basename = os.path.basename(realpath)
        self.filename, self.extension = os.path.splitext(basename)
        if not self.extension:
            self.extension = f'.{file_format}'

    @property
    def file_path(self):
        return os.path.join(self.parent, f'{self.filename}{self.extension}')

    @property
    def directory_path(self):
        return os.path.join(self.parent, self.filename)


def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Twitter API exporter parameters.')
    action_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=True)
    action_group.add_argument(
        '--friends',
        help='Export a list of friends (accounts you follow)',
        action='store_true',
    )
    action_group.add_argument(
        '--followers',
        help='Export a list of followers (accounts that follow you)',
        action='store_true',
    )
    action_group.add_argument(
        '--statuses',
        help='Export a list of statuses from a user account',
        action='store_true',
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '-a',
        '--api',
        help='JSON document with the API credentials.',
        default='api.json',
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '-u',
        '--user',
        help='Screen name of user to get data from.',
        required=True,
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '-o',
        '--output',
        help='Output file name, the extension will be added if not provided.',
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '-V',
        '--version',
        action='version',
        version=f'%(prog)s {__version__}'
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '-sm',
        '--save-media',
        action='store_true',
        help='Save media attachments. The directory name defaults to the filename.',
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '-f',
        '--fields',
        help='Fields to extract from each item. Leave empty for all',
        nargs='*',
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '--format',
        help='Export format.',
        default='json',
        choices=['json', 'csv'],
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '-c',
        '--cursor',
        help='Current cursor position (in case of interrupted run).',
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '-v',
        '--verbose',
        action='store_true',
        help='Print verbose debugging information.',
    )
    args = parser.parse_args()
    mode = get_mode(args)

    output = args.output
    if output is None:
        output = f'{args.user}_{mode}.{args.format}'
    location = OutputLocation(output, args.format)

    api = generate_api(args.api)
    user = get_user(api, args.user)
    kwds = {}
    if args.cursor is not None:
        kwds['cursor'] = int(args.cursor)

    iterable = globals()[f'get_{mode}'](api, user, args)
    write_items(location, iterable, mode, args)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()