Created
November 21, 2014 23:24
-
-
Save AndrewRussellHayes/995738a29da16c134b7e to your computer and use it in GitHub Desktop.
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
> zsh -f # start a "clean" version of zsh (without your startup files) | |
print $ZSH_VERSION | |
Tips Home | |
Daily ZSH Tip on Twitter *N* | |
ZSH TIPS on Twitter Archive | |
http://www.zsh.org/mla/ Searchable Mailing List Archive | |
http://grml.org/zsh/zsh-lovers.html | |
http://zsh.sourceforge.net/Doc/ Everything? *C* | |
Zsh-Reference-Card *C* | |
http://zshwiki.org/ | |
man zsh | |
man zshall | |
man zsh Zsh overview | |
man zshmisc Anything not fitting into the other sections | |
man zshexpn Zsh command and parameter expansion | |
man zshparam Zsh parameters | |
man zshoptions Zsh options | |
man zshbuiltins Zsh built-in functions | |
man zshzle Zsh command line editing | |
man zshcompwid Zsh completion widgets | |
man zshcompsys Zsh completion system | |
man zshcompctl Zsh completion control | |
man zshmodules Zsh loadable modules | |
man zshzftpsys Zsh built-in FTP client | |
man zshall Meta-man page containing all of the above | |
/usr/share/zsh/htmldoc/zsh_toc.html | |
Install on Linux | |
> yum install zsh *N* | |
> yum update zsh *N* | |
Global aliases | |
Searching and filtering my mysql database with my own utility searchdb | |
>searchdb client1 | grep -i website1 | fmt -50 | putclip | |
How you can simplify this using 3 zsh Global Aliases | |
>searchdb client1 G website1 F P | |
alias -g ND='*(/om[1])' # newest directory | |
alias -g NF='*(.om[1])' # newest file | |
#Example of use | |
cp NF ND # copy newest file to newest directory | |
# useful zsh stuff *N* | |
ls *(.) # list just regular files *N* | |
ls -d *(/) # list just directories *C* | |
vi *(.om[1]) # vi newest file | |
gvim.exe *~vssver.scc(.om[1]) & # newest file ignoring any vssver.scc | |
vi -p *(.om[1,3]) # open 3 newest files in tabs (gvim) | |
ls -lt **/*(.om[1,20]) # list 20 newest files anywhere in directory hierarchy (very useful) *N* | |
ls -lt **/*.php(.om[1,20]) # list 20 newest php files anywhere in directory hierarchy (very useful) *N* | |
grep -i "$1" **/*.{js,php,css}~(libs|temp|tmp|test)/* # exclude directories from grep *N* EXTENDED_GLOB required | |
ls -lt **/*~*vssver.scc(.om[1,20]) # excluding vssver.scc *N* | |
ls -lt **/^vssver.scc(.om[1,20]) # excluding vssver.scc (simpler) *N* | |
ls -lt **/^(vssver.scc|*.ini)(.om[1,20]) # excluding vssver and any *.ini *N* | |
vi *(m0) # re-edit all files changed today! | |
ls *(^m0) # files NOT modified today | |
ls -l *(m4) # list files modified exactly 4 days ago | |
ls -l *(.m4) # list files modified exactly 4 days ago (ignore directories) | |
vi **/main.php # where ever it is in hierarchy | |
ls -l **/main.{php,js,css} # *N* | |
ls fred^erick* # list all files fred* except frederick* *N* | |
ls *.^pdf # list all but pdf's *NN* | |
ls (x*~x[3-5]) # list files x* except x3 to x5 | |
ls x^[3-5]* # list files x* except x3 to x5 *N* | |
ls **/*~*/.git/* # ignore all git subdirectories *~* matches a path *N* | |
vi !$ # vi last parameter | |
vi !-2:2 # second parameter of second but last command | |
vi !$:r.php # vi last parameter but change extension to .php | |
^php^cfm # modify previous command (good for correcting spellos) | |
ls *(.L0) # list pesky empty files (yes that is a zero) *N* | |
ls -l *(L-2) # list file size less than 2 bytes *N* | |
ls -l *(.L-20) # list file size less than 20 bytes - . ignore directories *N* | |
# zsh list largest / biggest files , files larger than | |
ls -l *(Lk+100) # list file size larger/greater than 100kb *N* | |
ls -l *(Lm+2) # list file size larger/greater than 2 mbs *N* | |
ls **/*(.Lm+10) # list files larger than 10MB anywhere in hierarchy *N* | |
ls -hlS **/*(.Lm+2) | less # list largest files largest first *N* | |
ls *.*(mh3) # modified 3 hours ago | |
ls *.*(mh-3) # less than 3 hours | |
ls *.*(mh+3) # more than 3 hours | |
ls *.*(^mh3) # all files not 3 hours old | |
# counts requires extended globbing *N* | |
setopt EXTENDED_GLOB # lots of clever stuff requires this | |
ls DATA_[0-9](#c3).csv # match all files DATA_nnn.csv *N* | |
ls a(#c3).txt # match aaa.txt *N* | |
ls DATA_[0-9](#c4,7).csv # match DATA_nnnn.csv to DATA_nnnnnnn.txt *N* | |
ls DATA_[0-9](#c4,).csv # match DATA_nnnn.csv to DATA_nnnnn.txt etc *N* | |
ls DATA_[0-9](#c,4).csv # match DATA_n.csv to DATA_nnn.txt *N* | |
touch {1..5} {6,7,8,12} {00..03} # *N* | |
ls <-> <-6> <4-> <4-5> 0<-> {1..5} {2,3} {00..03} (4|5) [3-4] [3-47-8] 0? ?2 *2 # *N* | |
touch {y,y2}.cfm | |
ls y2#.cfm y{2,}.cfm y(2|).cfm {y2,y}.cfm (y|y2).cfm y*.cfm # *N* | |
# | |
grep -i "$1" */*.php~libs/*~temp/*~test/* # exclude directories lib,temp,test from grep *N* EXTENDED_GLOB required | |
# file ownership | |
ls -ld *.*(u:apache:) | |
# filering files a-m but only if owned by apache | |
ls -dl (*.*~[a-m]*)(^u:apache:.^x) | |
# grep | |
grep -i "$1" **/*.{js,php,css}~(libs|temp|temp|test)/* # exclude directories from grep *N* EXTENDED_GLOB required | |
grep -iw '$direct' report/**/*.{inc,php} # searching for a php variable | |
# deleting double dot files & swap files *N* | |
rm **/.*.swp | |
# use tab to complete/display history item before executing | |
!! | |
!$ (last argument of previous command) | |
!$:h (last argument, strip one level) | |
!$:h:h (last argument, strip two levels) | |
!?echo | |
vi !* (all parameters) | |
vi !$ (last parameter) | |
vi !^ (first previous parameter) | |
vi !:1 (first previous parameter) | |
vi !-2:2 (second parameter of second but last command) | |
echo !:2-3 # echo previous parameters 2 to 3 *N* | |
echo !:2* # echo previous parameters 2 onwards *N* | |
echo !:2- # echo previous parameters 2 onwards omitting last *N* | |
touch 1 2 3 # *N* | |
!!:0 !^ !:2 !$ !#$ !#:2 !#1 !#0 # *U* | |
history # View recent commands | |
!42 # Re-execute history command 42 | |
# substitute previous command | |
r oldstr=newstr | |
!!:s/fred/joe/ # edit previous command replace first fred by joe | |
!!:s/fred/joe/ # Note : sadly no regexp available with :s/// | |
!!:gs/fred/joe/ # edit previous command replace all fred by joe | |
mv Licence\ to\ Print\ Money.pdf !#^:gs/\\ // # rename file removing spaces | |
^fred^joe # edit previous command replace fred by joe | |
^str1^str2^:u:p # replace str1 by str2 change case and just display | |
echo chim | |
^chim^&-&ney-&-&-cheree # reuse LHS | |
!42:p | |
also use control-R | |
^str1^str2^:G # replace as many as possible | |
# in all of above remember <TAB> will display changed command WITHOUT executing it *N* | |
cd !?ls<TAB> #get command and parameters of a previous ls command | |
cd !?ls?:*<TAB> #get (just) parameters of a previous ls command | |
Generating a command from an earlier one | |
How to recall the parameters of a previous command, on line 7 below | |
recall the parameters of line 5 | |
5> mv somefile1 /home/saket/stuff/books/ | |
6> acroread somefile.pdf | |
7> mv somefile2 /home/saket/stuff/books/ | |
> mv !?saket<TAB> | |
Would bring up the whole line ready for a little editing | |
or purist | |
> mv !?saket?:*<tab> | |
Would just bring up the parameters | |
If you know the history number of the line (say 5) with desired parameters you can try | |
> !5:s/somefile1/somefile2/ | |
and if you dont know the history number | |
!?saket?:s/somefile1/somefile2/ | |
# History Substitution Summary | |
#For CURRENT line that you are editing (the # designates current line) | |
# Remember Tab will expand the following | |
!#:0 command | |
!#^ first parameter | |
!#:1 first parameter | |
!#:1-4 first 4 parameters | |
!#$ last parameter | |
!#* all parameters | |
!#$:s/bash/zsh perform substitution on previous parameter | |
# rename a file with a prefix | |
cp longfilename.php backup_!#^ | |
cp {,backup_}verylongfilename.tex # same thing | |
mv textfile.{txt,bak} # expands to mv textfile.txt textfile.bak | |
#For Previous Command (for comparison) | |
!-1 repeat whole command | |
!! repeat (shortcut) | |
!:0 command | |
!^ first parameter | |
!:1 first parameter | |
!:1-4 first 4 parameters | |
!$ last parameter | |
!* all parameters | |
!!:s/bash/zsh (or ^bash^zsh) | |
!^:t just file name of first parameter | |
!$:h just path of last parameter | |
!-2$:r just file name without extension of first parameter | |
For last but one command | |
!-2 repeat last but one command | |
!-2^ first parameter last but one command | |
!-2$ last parameter last but one command | |
!-2:2 second parameter of second but last command | |
!-2:s/bash/zsh | |
etc | |
For history command 42 | |
!42 | |
!:0 is the previous command name | |
!^, !:2, !:3, !$ are the arguments | |
!* is all the arguments | |
!-2, !-3, are earlier commands | |
!-2^, !-2:2, !-2$, !-2* are earlier parameters | |
ls / # recall/step through previous parameters *N* | |
cd !$:h (remove file name) | |
cat !!:t (only file name) | |
# Convert images (foo.gif => foo.jpg): | |
$ for i in **/*.gif; convert $i $i:r.jpg | |
# examples of if then else conditionals *N* | |
if [ $# -gt 0 ];then string=$*;else;string=$(getclip);fi # get parameter OR paste buffer | |
var=133;if [[ "$var" = <-> ]] ; then echo "$var is numeric" ;fi | |
if [[ "$ip" = <-> ]] then # check ip address numeric *N* | |
if [[ "$1" == [0-9] ]] # if $1 is a digit | |
if (( $# == 0 )); | |
if [ $# -gt 0 ] # parameter cnt > 0 (arguments) | |
if [[ "$url" = www* ]] # begins with www | |
if [ "$p1" = "end" ] || [ "$p1" = "-e" ] | |
if [[ "$p2" == *[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z]* ]] # contains at least 3 letters | |
if builtin cd $1 &> /dev/null ; | |
if [[ -e /c/aam/z$1 ]] # file exists | |
if [ $cnt -eq 1 ] | |
if (( ${#dirs} == 1 )); then # count array length | |
if [[ "$pwd" == *$site2* ]] | |
print ${param:&} (last substitute) | |
< readme.txt # < shorthand for more | |
# Directory substitution (magic) | |
# if you were in directory | |
# cd old new | |
/c/inetpub/dev.somehomes.co.uk/epsystem/eppigeon/ | |
cd dev www | |
#would put you in parallel directory | |
/c/inetpub/www.somehomes.co.uk/epsystem/eppigeon/ | |
# completion | |
cd /v/w/h/ | |
# expand to | |
# cd /var/www/html/ | |
# filtering the output of a command conventionally | |
print $(history -n -1|sed 's/.* //') | |
# ${${(z)foo}[2]} zsh filtering mechanism | |
print ${${(z)$(history -n -1)}[-1]} | |
print ${${(z)history[$((HISTCMD-1))]}[-1]} | |
gvim.exe $(history -n -1 | sed "s/^[^ ]* //;s/ .*//") | |
print ${${(z)history[$((HISTCMD-1))]}[2]} | |
# save last 4 history items to a file (without numbers) *N* | |
fc -ln -4 > /tmp/hist | |
fc -ln 1 | grep rsync | gvim - | |
# ls | |
ls -ld *(/^F) # list any empty sub-directories | |
ls -ld **/*(/^F) # recursively list any empty sub-directories | |
print **/*(/^F) | xargs -n1 -t rmdir #delete empty directories | |
zargs rmdir -- ./**/*(/od) 2> /dev/null # deletes empty directories | |
autoload zargs;zargs ./**/*.{php,inc,js} -- grep -i 'cons. unit' *N* EXTENDED_GLOB | |
zargs **/*.{js,php,css}~(libs|locallibs|test|dompdf)/* -- grep console.log *C* EXTENDED_GLOB | |
zargs ./**/*.{php,inc,js} -- tar rvf dev2$(date '+%d-%m-%Y').tar *N* | |
# grep whole file structure for php files with if ($var=4) (single equals) bug | |
zargs ./**/*.{inc,php} -- grep -i 'if *( *$[a-z0-9_]*=[0-9"]' ## detect if ($fred=2) type php errors (single equals) *N* | |
# selectively tar a web root *N* | |
zargs ./{html,live}/**/*.{php,inc,js}~(**/wiki|**/dompdf)/* -- tar rvf /tmp/web2$(date "+%d-%m-%Y").tar | |
ls ^x* # list all but x* | |
#list all files without an extension ( no dot) | |
ls *~*.*(.) | |
# delete all directories Pictures_of_* except Pictures_of_beautiful_flowers | |
rm -rf Pictures_of_^beautiful_flowers # selective delete *N* | |
ls x*~(x3|x5) # list files x* except x3 and x5 | |
ls **/fred*~*junk*/* # list all files fred* unless in a junk directory | |
# grep, dont use egrep, grep -E is better | |
# single quotes stop the shell, " quotes allow shell interaction | |
grep 'host' **/(*.cfm~(ctpigeonbot|env).cfm) | |
grep -i 'host' **/(*.cfm~(ctpigeonbot|env).cfm)~*((#s)|/)junk*/*(.) | |
egrep -i "^ *mail\(" **/*.php | |
grep "^ *mail\(" **/*.php~*junk*/* #find all calls to mail, ignoring junk directories | |
# grep '.' dot matches one character | |
grep b.g file # match bag big bog but not boog | |
# grep * matches 0 , 1 or many of previous character | |
grep "b*g" file # matches g or bg or bbbbg | |
# grep '.*' matches a string | |
grep "b.*g" file # matches bg bag bhhg bqqqqqg etc | |
# grep break character is \ | |
grep 'hello\.gif' file | |
grep "cat\|dog" file matches lines containing the word "cat" or the word "dog" | |
grep "I am a \(cat\|dog\)" matches lines containing the string "I am a cat" or the string "I am a dog" | |
grep "Fred\(eric\)\? Smith" file # grep fred or frederic | |
# grep back references (memory) | |
grep -i "<H\([1-6]\).*</H\1>" *.html # matches pairs of tags | |
tel blenkinsop | grep -o "[[:alnum:][:graph:]]*@[[:alnum:][:graph:]]*" # filter just an email address from a text stream (not zsh) *N* | |
# ls | |
ls *.h~(fred|foo).h # same thing | |
ls (x*~x[3-5]) # list files x* except x3 to x5 | |
ls *[^2].php~*template* # list files with 2nd filter | |
ls (xx|yy) # list xx or yy | |
ls *.(jpg|gif) # list graphic files | |
ls fred{joe,sid}.pl | |
ls fred{09..13}.pl # range | |
ls fred<76-88>.pl# list all files fred76.pl to fred88.pl range | |
ls fred<76->.pl # list all files fred76.pl to fred9999*.pl etc | |
ls {_,}fred.php # list files _fred.php fred.php | |
ls (_|)fred.php # same effect by globbing | |
ls *.{jpg,gif}(.N) # don't break if one or other image type absent | |
# FNG optionally matching a character | |
ls -l *y{2,}.cfm # matches *y.cfm and *y2.cfm *N* | |
ls -l *y(2|).cfm # matches *y.cfm and *y2.cfm *N* | |
ls *{y2,y}.cfm # matches *y.cfm and *y2.cfm *N* | |
ls *y2#.cfm # matches *y.cfm and *y2.cfm *N* | |
ls foot(fall)#.pl # match option string fall | |
setopt no_case_glob # set ignore case for ls etc | |
zstyle ':completion:*' matcher-list 'm:{a-zA-Z}={A-Za-z}' 'r:|[._-]=* r:|=*' 'l:|=* r:|=*' # case insensitive completion for cd etc *N* | |
# globbing modifiers | |
# :r removes the suffix from the result, | |
# :t takes away the directory part | |
# . means must be regular files not directories etc | |
# *(om[1]) picks most recently modified file | |
# (.N) no warning message if any file absent | |
ls (#i)*.pmm # case insensitive globbing (note exact syntax) | |
ls *(om[1]) # print the most recent file | |
cp *(om[1])<TAB> # will complete file name | |
ls *(.om[1]) # print the most recent file (not directory) | |
ls -l *(Om[1]) # oldest file | |
ls -lt **/*.txt(D.om[1,5]) # list 5 most recent files in hierarchy | |
# list 5 most recent files in each sub-directory | |
dirs=( '' **/*(DM/) ) eval 'ls ${^dirs}*(ND.om[1,5])' | |
ls {^dev*,}/index.php(.N) # ignore directories beginning dev* | |
ls (dev*|fred*|joe*)/index* # does not break if no matches | |
ls **/index.php~dev*(/*)## # ignore subdirectories dev* multi-level | |
vi *(.om[1]^D) # vi newest file ^D means switch off GLOB_DOTS ie ignore dot files | |
ls *.txt(.om[1]) # ls newest *.txt file *N* | |
ls -tld **/*(m-2)# list files modified in last 2 days in hierarchy | |
ls *(om[1,5]) # print the 5 most recent files | |
ls -l *(m4) # list files modified exactly 4 days ago | |
ls -ltd *(mw3) # list files 3 weeks old | |
ls -1ld *([1,10])# list just 10 files one per line , no directories | |
ls *(m-1) # files modified today | |
ls *(m0) # files modified today | |
ls *(^m0) # files NOT modified today *N* | |
vi *(m0) # re-edit all files changed today! | |
cp *.mp3(mh-4) /tmp # copy files less than 4 hours old | |
ls -ltd *(mh0) # list files modified only in last hour | |
ls *.{aux,dvi,log,toc} # rm latex temp files *C* | |
rm ./*(Om[1,-11])# removes all files but the ten newest ones (delete all but last 10 files in a directory) | |
mv *.*(^m-1) old/ # move all but today's files to sub-directory archive older files *N* | |
# exact dates (N) | |
ls -l *.*(mM4) | |
autoload -U age | |
ls -tl *.*(e#age 2014/06/01 now#) | |
ls -tl *(.e#age 2014/06/01 2014/06/30#) | |
files=(${(f)"$(ls *$**)"}(.N)) # store matching files *N* | |
ls *(n:t) # order by name strip directory | |
ls **/*(On:t) # recursive reverse order by name, strip directory | |
ls PHP*/**/*.php # recursive but only for subdirectories PHP* | |
ls *.c(:r) # strip suffix | |
ls **/*(.) # only files no directories (.) means files only | |
ls -ld *(/) # list only directories | |
#oddities | |
[[ FOO = (#i)foo ]] # case insensitive matching | |
fred=$((6**2 + 6)) # can do maths | |
: > /apache/access.log # truncate a log file | |
# arrays | |
X=(x1 x2) # create an array | |
print -C 1 $X # print each array element on it's own line | |
# 2 dimensional arrays- lookup conversion *N* | |
typeset -A convtable | |
convtable=(151 2 152 2 153 2 158 4 159 3 160 2 171 4 172 1 173 4) | |
echo $convtable[158] | |
print ${#path} # length of "path" array | |
print ${#path[1]} # length of first element in path array | |
print ${$( date )[2,4]} # Print words two to four of output of ’date’: | |
array=(~/.zshenv ~/.zshrc ~/.zlogout) | |
filelst[$(($#filelst+1))]=$x # append (push) to an array | |
filelst+=($x) # append (push) to an array (better) | |
files=(${(f)"$(egrepcmd1l)"} ) # push a sentence to an array (where egrepcmd1l is a global alias | |
% print ${array:t} | |
.zshenv .zshrc .zlogout | |
# zsh one liners | |
alias -g NF='*(.om[1])' # newest file | |
# parse xml file putting each tag on a new line | |
perl -ne 's/(<\/\w+>)/$1\n/g; print' < NF > $(print NF).txt | |
cat NF > $(print NF).txt | |
# variable substitution | |
somevar="bu&^*ck" # variable with mucky characters | |
print ${somevar//[^[:alnum:]]/_} # replace all non-alphanumerics with _ the // indicates global substitution *C* | |
echo ${file##*/} # echo just the file name (strip the path) | |
echo ${texfilepath%/*.*} # echo just the path (strip the file name) | |
echo ${file%.*} # strip file extension | |
echo $file:r # strip file extension | |
echo ${0##*[!0-9]} # strip all but trailing digit from filename $0 | |
echo ${(M)0%%<->} # strip all but trailing digit from filename | |
file=${1/\//C:\/} # substitute / with c:/ ANYWHERE in string | |
file=${1/#\//C:\/} # substitute / with c:/ Beginning of string | |
file=${1/%\//C:\/} # substitute / with c:/ End of string | |
# note # & % are using to match beginning and end | |
JUNK=R.E.M. # substitute last . for a _ | |
print ${JUNK/.(#e)/_} # substitute last . for a _ | |
print ${JUNK/%./_} # substitute last . for a _ | |
wpath=${wpath//\//\\\\} # substitute Unix / with dos \ slashes *N* | |
upath=${wpath//\\/\/} # convert backslashes to forward slashes (Dos to Unix | |
dpath=${upath/#\/c\//c:/} # convert /c/path/ to c:\path\ *N* | |
foo=$'bar\n\nbaz\n' | |
print ${foo//$'\n'} # strip out any carriage returns (some systems use \r) *N* | |
print ${foo%%$'\n'} # strip out a trailing carriage return *N* | |
url='www.some.com/some_strIng-HERe' | |
anchortext=${${(C)url//[_-]/ }:t} # titlecase *N* | |
echo "<a href='$url'>$anchortext</a>" | |
# creating a family of functions | |
# generate hrefs from url | |
function href{,s} | |
{ | |
# href creates an HTML hyperlink from a URL | |
# hrefs creates an HTML hyperlink from a URL with modified anchor text | |
PROGNAME=`basename $0` | |
url=`cat /dev/clipboard` | |
if [ "$PROGNAME" = "href" ] ; then | |
href="<a href='$url'>$url" | |
elif [ "$PROGNAME" = "hrefs" ] ; then | |
anchortext=${${(C)url//[_-]/ }:t} | |
href="<a href='$url'>$anchortext" | |
fi | |
echo -n $col | |
echo $href > /dev/clipboard | more | |
} | |
# access vim scratch files v1,v2 to v9 | |
function vx{0..9} {gvim.exe c:/aax/${0/#v/} &} | |
# | |
# create vim scratch files va,vb to vz | |
function vx{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z} | |
{ | |
scratchfile=${0/#v/} | |
gvim.exe c:/aax/$scratchfile & | |
} | |
# regular expressions in zsh examples *N* | |
#pcre perl regular expressions *N* | |
zmodload zsh/pcre | |
setopt REMATCH_PCRE | |
var=ddddd; [[ "$var" =~ ^d+$ ]] && echo matched || echo did not match | |
var=dddee; regexp="^e+$"; [[ "$var" =~ $regexp ]] && echo $regexp matched $var || echo $regexp did not match $var | |
# decisions | |
# cd to different drive depending on Windows login name | |
drive=$([[ "$LOGNAME" != davidr ]] && echo '/o' || echo '/c') # trad way | |
cd ${drive}/inetpub/wwwdev/www.some.co.uk/ | |
drive=${${${LOGNAME:#davidr}:+/o}:-/c} # zsh way | |
cd ${drive}/inetpub/wwwdev/www.some.co.uk/ | |
# chaining two modifications | |
# .om[1] gives newest file | |
# cyg is a zsh function doing a path conversion e.g. /c/ to C:/ *C* | |
cyg(){reply=("$(cygpath -m $REPLY)")} | |
gvim.exe $(echo /c/aax/*(.om[1]))(+cyg) & ### nested | |
gvim.exe /c/aax/*(.om[1]+cyg) & #### both operations | |
# odd stuff not necessarily zsh | |
cp -a file1 file # -a transfer permissions etc of file1 to file2preserve | |
# only copy if destination file exists and is older that source file | |
[[ -e $L/config.php ]] && cp -p -update $T/config.php $L *N* | |
# variable with variable name | |
eval "$1=$PWD" | |
# brilliant will change your life | |
setopt autopushd # *C* | |
dirs -v # *N* | |
cd ~5 # cd to fifth directory in directory stack | |
cd -<tab complete> then type number of directory needs compinit *C* | |
dirs -p # display recent directories *N* | |
cp file ~1 # where 1 is first entry in pushd stack | |
# | |
cp file.txt ~+<TAB> # select recent directory *N* | |
pushd +2 # cd to 3rd entry in pushd stack | |
#zsh completion | |
startfilename<tab> # will complete matching files anywhere in $PATH | |
startfilename<C-D> # will list matching files anywhere in $PATH | |
vi main*~*temp*<tab> # avoid file with temp in the name | |
cd /u/lo/li<tab> completes to /usr/local/lib | |
#directory sizes | |
du -sk *(/) | |
# Inline aliases, zsh -g aliases can be anywhere in command line | |
alias -g G='| grep -' | |
alias -g L='| less' | |
#this reduces a command like | |
ls | grep foo | less | |
#to | |
ls G foo L | |
# | |
alias -g R=' > /c/aaa/tee.txt ' # redirect | |
alias -g T=' | tee /c/aaa/tee.txt ' # tee | |
alias -g F=' | fmt -' # format | |
alias -g W=' | wc -l' # wc | |
# | |
# cd by .. or ... or ... or mv file ..../. | |
alias '..'='cd ..' | |
alias -g ...='../..' | |
alias -g ....='../../..' | |
alias -g .....='../../../..' | |
# suffix based alias | |
alias -s jpg='/c/program\ files/IrfanView/i_view32.exe' | |
now just type the image name to launch irfanview | |
alias -s php='c:/wamp/php/php.exe' # now just type test.php to execute it *N* | |
# named directories (quick jump to a deep sub-directory) | |
hash -d zsh="/usr/src/zsh" # create shortcuts to deep directories *N* | |
cd ~zsh | |
#magic equals | |
vim =some_file # edits file anywhere in $PATH | |
ls =some_file # lists file anywhere in $PATH | |
#magic ** (recursion) | |
vim **/some_file # edits file under under current dir | |
rm /c/intranet/**/*.stackdump # specify recursion at a sub-directory *N* | |
# modifying more than one file (multios) | |
# writes ls results to file1 & file2 appends to file3 | |
ls > file1 > file2 >> file3 | wc # multi-io | |
myscript >&1 >output.txt # log a script output | |
#Redirection to file as well as send on to pipe: | |
make install > /tmp/logfile | grep -i error | |
function g{0..9} { gmark $0 $* } # declaring multiple functions | |
# zmv "programmable rename" | |
autoload -U zmv | |
# Replace spaces in filenames with a underline | |
zmv '* *' '$f:gs/ /_' | |
zmv '(* *)' '${1// /}' | |
zmv -Q "(**/)(* *)(D)" "\$1\${2// /_}" | |
# Change the suffix from *.sh to *.pl | |
zmv -W '*.sh' '*.pl' | |
# lowercase/uppercase all files/directories (-i) interactive | |
$ zmv -i '(*)' '${(L)1}' # lowercase | |
$ zmv -i '(*)' '${(U)1}' # uppercase | |
$ zmv '([a-z])(*).txt' '${(C)1}$2.txt' ; rename fred.txt to Fred.txt | |
# initialize zsh/config *N* | |
autoload -U compinit | |
compinit | |
# case insensitive completion | |
zstyle ':completion:*' matcher-list 'm:{a-zA-Z}={A-Za-z}' \ | |
'r:|[._-]=* r:|=*' 'l:|=* r:|=*' | |
#Wonderful zftp (write ftp scripts as though shell) | |
# init (could be in .zshenv etc) | |
autoload -U zfinit | |
zfinit | |
zfparams www.someweb.co.uk myuserid mypassword | |
zfopen | |
zfcd tips | |
zfls -l zshtips.html | |
zfput zshtips.html | |
zfls -l zshtips.html | |
# replace every occurence of a file (zsh and bash) | |
for f in */include/dbcommon.php; do;cp dbcommon.php $f; done | |
# alternative for loop | |
# replace every instance of file with new version | |
for f (**/x) cp newx $f | |
for f (**/x) {cp newx $f } | |
for f in **/x; do;cp newx $f; done | |
# create a clone of a file, modifying it on the fly *N* | |
for i in {3,4}; sed s/flag=2/flag=$i/ fred.txt > fred$i.txt | |
for i in {1..9}; sed s/flag=2/flag=$i/ fred.txt > fred$i.txt | |
# can be simplified to *N* | |
for f (*.txt) { echo $f } | |
for f (*.txt) echo $f # if no ; | |
for f (*(.)) mv $f fixed_$f | |
# loop a command *N* | |
while true; do echo "infinite loop"; sleep 5; done | |
# loop a command *N* | |
for count in {1..10}; do | |
r\m x*([1,10]); # delete 10 files at a time | |
echo "loop $count" | |
done | |
# using vared | |
vared -p "choose 1-3 : " -c ans | |
case $ans in | |
1|a) sdba $key;; | |
2|f) sdbf $key;; | |
3|i) sdbi $key;; | |
*) echo "wrong answer $ans\n" ;; | |
esac | |
# the powerful select | |
PROMPT3="Choose File : " | |
select f in $(ls **/*.tex |egrep -i "${param}[^/]*.tex") | |
do | |
if [[ "$REPLY" = q ]] | |
then | |
break | |
elif [[ -n "$f" ]]; then | |
gvim $f | |
fi | |
done | |
# multiple script commands on same line | |
if [ $# -gt 0 ];then string=$*;else;string=$(getclip);fi | |
if grep -iq 'matching' *.php ;then echo "Found" ;else echo "Not Found"; fi *N* | |
# Command on multilines with a backslash | |
ls \ | |
> x* | |
# Command on multilines with a quote | |
sed ' | |
s/mvoe/move/g | |
s/thier/their/g' myfile | |
# editing a variable (You must try this) | |
vared PATH | |
bindkey -v # vi mode line editting | |
bindkey -M viins '^O' copy-prev-shell-word | |
bindkey '^L' push-line # push current command into a buffer, allows you to do another command then returns to previous command | |
# use cat > /dev/null and them press key to get keycode | |
# configure F7 to output a command | |
bindkey -s '^v<F7>' "ls -l\n" # configure F7 to output 'ls -l' | |
bindkey -s "^[[18~" "ls -l\n" # You must actually type Control-v F7 at CLI this is what it looks like on my system : | |
# put a command string onto f4 | |
bindkey -s "^[OS" "\^d\^c\n" | |
# Prompt at end of command line | |
RPROMPT="[%t]" (display the time) | |
# colo(u)red prompt | |
fg_light_red=$'%{\e[1;31m%}' | |
PS3="$fg_light_red Select file : " | |
# print fred in blue color | |
print '\e[1;34m fred' | |
# color module | |
autoload colors ; colors | |
print "$bg[cyan]$fg[blue]Welcome to man zsh-lovers" >> $TTY | |
PROMPT="%{$bg[cyan]%}%{$fg[red]%}%n%{$reset_color%}%{$bg[cyan]%}@%{$fg[red]%}%m %{$fg[yellow]%}%~ %{$reset_color%}%{$bg[cyan]%}%% " | |
echo "$bg[blue]$fg[yellow]highlight a message" | |
curl -u userid:password -d status=" updating twitter with from curl " http://twitter.com/statuses/update.xml | |
# my .zshenv *N* | |
autoload -U compinit | |
compinit | |
autoload edit-command-line | |
zle -N edit-command-line | |
bindkey '\ee' edit-command-line | |
VISUAL='/bin/vim' | |
EDITOR='/bin/vim' | |
textify a phrase to create an image name | |
s="Fred Goat Dog" | |
print ${(L)s:gs/ /-/}.jpg | |
or | |
print ${(L)s// /-}.jpg | |
and to de-textify an image | |
foo=fred-goat-dog.jpg | |
echo ${(C)foo:gs/-/ /:r} | |
or | |
print ${${(Cs:-:):-fred-goat-dog.jpg}%.*} | |
#new | |
#" read a file into a variable | |
var="$(<file)" | |
Zsh Syntax Aide-Memoire (concentrated) *N* | |
cd - # list recent dirs *N* | |
cp 1.php ~- # list recent dirs *N* | |
vi *(om[1]) # edit newest file | |
vi *(om[1]) # edit newest file *N* | |
gvim -p *(m0) # all files modified today | |
mv *.*(^m-1) old/ # move all but todays files to sub-directory | |
vi -p *(.om[1,3]) # open 3 newest files in tabs (gvim) | |
ls *(^m0) # files NOT modified today | |
ls -l *(m4) # list files modified exactly 4 days ago | |
ls *.{jpg,gif}(.N) # do not break if one or other image type absent | |
ls *.(jpg|gif|png)(.) # do not break if one or other image type absent *N* | |
ls $OLDPWD/*(.om[1]) # list newest file from previous directory *N* | |
ls ~1/*(.om[1]) # list newest file from previous directory needs setopt autopushcd *N* | |
for i in quote_* ; php -l $i # check syntax of PHP files with quote in name | |
for i (*.php) php -l $i # check syntax of all PHP files *N* | |
for f (*.php) { diff $f ${PWD/html/staging}/$f} # diff all files in parallel directories *N* | |
A=(1 2 5 6 7 9) # pre-populate an array # [N] | |
for ((i=1;$#A[i];i++)) echo $A[$i] # [N] | |
mv !?main<TAB> # recall previous command containing the string main | |
mv !?main?$<tab> # recall just last parameter of command containing the string main *C* | |
# recall most recent cmd containing string 'client' | |
!?client<tab> | |
# # recall last parameter of cmd containing 'client' | |
vi !?client?$<tab> | |
ls -l **/main.{php,js,css} # *N* | |
ls (x*~x[3-5]) # list files x* except x3 to x5 | |
ls **/*~*/.git/* # ignore all git subdirectories *~* matches a path *N* | |
ls (^(backup*|cache*|list*|tmp)/)##*(.) # ignore 4 directories *N* | |
!!:gs/fred/joe/ # edit previous command replace all fred by joe | |
cp NF ${PWD/html/release} # *N* | |
mv Licence\ to\ Print\ Money.pdf !#^:gs/\\ // | |
# debug echo shell commands and provide trace info *N* | |
# you do need XTRACE if you want to echo whats happening in your script | |
setopt XTRACE VERBOSE | |
unsetopt XTRACE VERBOSE | |
# run a remote zsh script via ssh *N* | |
ssh 192.168.1.218 -l root "zsh -c 'for i (/usr/*(/)) {ls \$i }'" | |
# zsh menu | |
echo "enter 0-2,a" | |
read ans ; # read in a parameter | |
case "$ans" in | |
0|${prog}0) cd "$(cat /c/aam/${prog}0)" ;; | |
1|${prog}1) cd "$(cat /c/aam/${prog}1)" ;; | |
2|${prog}9) cd "$(cat /c/aam/${prog}9)" ;; | |
a|${prog}l) cd "$(cat /c/aam/${prog}a)" ;; | |
**) echo "wrong number $ans\n" ;; | |
esac | |
# useful aliases | |
# flip between 2 deep parallel directories *N* | |
alias flip=' cd html live > /dev/null &>1 || cd live html > /dev/null &>1' | |
# syntax-check all php files in date order excluding certain | |
alias phpall='for f (*.php~test.php(om)) {php -l $f}' | |
# diff all files in parallel directories in date oder (exclude certain) | |
alias diffall='for f (*.php~test.php(.om)) { diff -q $f ${PWD/html/staging}/$f}' | |
# locating/identifying stuff | |
which zsh [N] | |
whence -vsa ${(k)commands[(I)zsh*]} [N] | |
locate zsh [N] | |
# bind history to up down keys | |
autoload -U up-line-or-beginning-search | |
autoload -U down-line-or-beginning-search | |
zle -N up-line-or-beginning-search | |
zle -N down-line-or-beginning-search | |
bindkey "^[[A" up-line-or-beginning-search | |
bindkey "^[[B" down-line-or-beginning-search | |
# insecure directories warning on cygwin | |
# #run compaudit | |
# compaudit | |
# #It told me that my latest zsh install was insecure (directories were writable) | |
# # The following solved the problem | |
# chmod -R 755 /usr/share/zsh/ | |
# chown -R myusername /usr/share/zsh (on Vista (as admin) | |
Sources newsgroup gmane.comp.shells.zsh.user newsserver news.gmane.org | |
or via web | |
http://news.gmane.org/gmane.comp.shells.zsh.user | |
Everything here is <b>Simple zsh visit the above newsgroup for the <b>complicated stuff | |
Upload this page (use yy@" on following line, to invoke upload zftp script)!! | |
:!zshtipsftp |
Sign up for free
to join this conversation on GitHub.
Already have an account?
Sign in to comment