sudo apt update
sudo apt install apache2
sudo ufw app list
You will receive a list of the application profiles:
Output
Available applications:
Apache
Apache Full
Apache Secure
OpenSSH
sudo ufw allow 'Apache'
You can verify the change by typing:
sudo ufw status
To Action From
-- ------ ----
OpenSSH ALLOW Anywhere
Apache ALLOW Anywhere
OpenSSH (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
Apache (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
Check with the systemd init system to make sure the service is running by typing
sudo systemctl status apache2
● apache2.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/apache2.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-04-23 22:36:30 UTC; 20h ago
Docs: https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/
Main PID: 29435 (apache2)
Tasks: 55 (limit: 1137)
Memory: 8.0M
CGroup: /system.slice/apache2.service
├─29435 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
├─29437 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
└─29438 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
sudo systemctl stop apache2
sudo systemctl start apache2
By default, Apache is configured to start automatically when the server boots. If this is not what you want, disable this behavior by typing:
sudo systemctl disable apache2
sudo systemctl enable apache2
Create the directory for your_domain as follows:
sudo mkdir /var/www/your_domain
Next, assign ownership of the directory with the $USER environment variable:
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/your_domain
The permissions of your web roots should be correct if you haven’t modified your umask value, which sets default file permissions. To ensure that your permissions are correct and allow the owner to read, write, and execute the files while granting only read and execute permissions to groups and others, you can input the following command:
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/your_domain
Next, create a sample index.html page using nano or your favorite editor:
sudo nano /var/www/your_domain/index.html
Inside, add the following sample HTML:
/var/www/your_domain/index.html
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to Your_domain!</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Success! The your_domain virtual host is working!</h1>
</body>
</html>Save and close the file when you are finished.
In order for Apache to serve this content, it’s necessary to create a virtual host file with the correct directives. Instead of modifying the default configuration file located at /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf directly, let’s make a new one at /etc/apache2/sites-available/your_domain.conf:
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/your_domain.conf
Paste in the following configuration block, which is similar to the default, but updated for our new directory and domain name:
/etc/apache2/sites-available/your_domain.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
ServerName your_domain
ServerAlias www.your_domain
DocumentRoot /var/www/your_domain
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
Let’s enable the file with the a2ensite tool:
sudo a2ensite your_domain.conf
Disable the default site defined in 000-default.conf:
sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf
Next, let’s test for configuration errors:
sudo apache2ctl configtest
You should receive the following output:
Syntax OK
Restart Apache to implement your changes:
sudo systemctl restart apache2
/var/log/apache2/access.log: By default, every request to your web server is recorded in this log file unless Apache is configured to do otherwise.
/var/log/apache2/error.log: By default, all errors are recorded in this file. The LogLevel directive in the Apache configuration specifies how much detail the error logs will contain.