I wrote this because I couldn't find any practical examples, just information on dynamic_cast and typeid work. Supposedly this is because it's more taboo than goto and therefore no one should even think about using it. Obviously, I disagree.

Run Time Type Information Example.cpp

/**
 * ©2014 Omar Stefan Evans.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <typeindex>

class Person {
public:
    Person() = default;
    virtual ~Person() = default;
    Person(std::string name) : name(name) {}
    virtual void sayHello() = 0;
    std::string getName() { return name; }
protected:
    std::string name;
};

class EnglishSpeakingPerson : public Person {
public:
    EnglishSpeakingPerson() = default;
    EnglishSpeakingPerson(std::string name) : Person(name) {}
    virtual void sayHello() {
        std::cout << "Hello! I'm " << name <<".\n";
    }
};

class SpanishSpeakingPerson : public Person {
public:
    SpanishSpeakingPerson() = default;
    SpanishSpeakingPerson(std::string name) : Person(name) {}
    virtual void sayHello() {
        std::cout << "¡Hola! Me llamo " << name <<".\n";
    }
};

class PersonManager {
    std::map<std::type_index, size_t> personArray_count;
    std::map<std::type_index, size_t> personArray_size;
    std::map<std::type_index, Person *> personArray_data;
public:
    template <class PersonType>
    void add(PersonType person) {
        const std::type_index personTypeIndex = std::type_index(typeid(person));
        if (personArray_data.count(personTypeIndex) == 0) {
            const size_t initialSize = 1;
            personArray_count[personTypeIndex] = 0;
            personArray_size[personTypeIndex] = initialSize;
            personArray_data[personTypeIndex] = new PersonType[initialSize];
        }

        size_t & count = personArray_count[personTypeIndex];
        size_t & size = personArray_size[personTypeIndex];
        if (count == size) {
            const size_t new_size = size * 2;
            PersonType * temp = new PersonType[new_size];
            for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
                temp[i] = dynamic_cast<PersonType* >(personArray_data[personTypeIndex])[i];
            }
            size = new_size;
            delete [] personArray_data[personTypeIndex];
            personArray_data[personTypeIndex] = temp;
        }
        dynamic_cast<PersonType* >(personArray_data[personTypeIndex])[count++] = person;

    }

    void listPeople() {
        for (auto pair: personArray_data) {
            std::cout << "\n" << pair.first.name() << "s:\n";
            Person * people = pair.second;
            size_t count = personArray_count[pair.first];
            for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
                std::cout << people[i].getName() << std::endl;
            }
        }
    }
};

int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
    Person *a = new EnglishSpeakingPerson("Mary");
    Person *b = new SpanishSpeakingPerson("Maria");

    a->sayHello();
    b->sayHello();

    PersonManager pm;
    pm.add<EnglishSpeakingPerson>({"Carl"});
    pm.add<EnglishSpeakingPerson>({"Mary"});
    pm.add<EnglishSpeakingPerson>({"Robert"});
    pm.add<EnglishSpeakingPerson>({"Gabrielle"});

    pm.add<SpanishSpeakingPerson>({"Carlos"});
    pm.add<SpanishSpeakingPerson>({"Maria"});
    pm.add<SpanishSpeakingPerson>({"Roberto"});
    pm.add<SpanishSpeakingPerson>({"Gabriela"});

    pm.listPeople();

    return 0;
}