Final code for a Beginner Blender Python Exercise: Easy cube rotation animation (link to tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tBPuEWh88Lo)

easy_cube_rotation_animation.py

# give Python access to Blender's functionality
import bpy

# extend Python's math functionality
import math

# add a cube into the scene
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add()
# get a reference to the currently active object
cube = bpy.context.active_object

# insert keyframe at frame one
start_frame = 1
cube.keyframe_insert("rotation_euler", frame=start_frame)

# change the rotation of the cube around z-axis
degrees = 360
radians = math.radians(degrees)
cube.rotation_euler.z = radians

# insert keyframe at the last frame
end_frame = 180
cube.keyframe_insert("rotation_euler", frame=end_frame)