只对某些属性设置为可选

type.ts

type PartialBy<T, K extends keyof T> = Omit<T, K> & Partial<Pick<T, K>>

// usage:

interface A {
  requireX: string
  requireY: string
  requireZ: string
}

const v: PartialBy<A, 'requireY' | 'requireZ'> = { requireX: 'x' }