CS50 pset4 - "Recover"

recover.c

/**
 * recover.c
 *
 * Computer Science 50
 * Problem Set 4
 *
 * Recovers JPEGs from a forensic image.
 */

#include <cs50.h>       
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define BUFFER_SIZE 512

int main(void)
{
    // open memory card file
    FILE* input = fopen("card.raw", "r");
    if (input == NULL)
    {
        printf("Could not open card.raw.\n");
        return 2;
    }
    
    // create buffer
    unsigned char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
    
    // filename counter
    int filecount = 0;
    
    FILE* picture = NULL; 
    
    // check if we've found a jpeg yet or not
    int jpg_found = 0; //false
    
    // go through cardfile until there aren't any blocks left
    while (fread(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 1, input) == 1)
    {
        // read first 4 bytes of buffer and see if jpg signature using bitwise on last byte
        if (buffer[0] == 0xff && buffer[1] == 0xd8 && buffer[2] == 0xff && (buffer[3] & 0xe0) == 0xe0)
        {
            if (jpg_found == 1)
            {
                // We found the start of a new pic so close out current picture
                fclose(picture);
            }
            else
            {
                // jpg discovered and now we have the green light to write
                jpg_found = 1;
            }
            
            char filename[8];
            sprintf(filename, "%03d.jpg", filecount);
            picture = fopen(filename, "a");
            filecount++;
        }
        
        if (jpg_found == 1)
        {
            // write 512 bytes to file once we start finding jpgs
            fwrite(&buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 1, picture);
        }
        
    }

    // close files
    fclose(input);
    fclose(picture);

    return 0;
}

why the &buffer ?

it is useless since the buffer array is already a pointer holding the address of the first element in it