Denilson-Semedo/selenium.md

## selenium.md

      
    Raw
  

              selenium.md
            
          
    Selenium

Selenium is an open-source framework widely used for automating web browsers. It provides a suite of tools and libraries that enable testers and developers to automate browser actions, interact with web elements, and perform functional testing of web applications. Selenium supports various programming languages such as Java, C#, Python, Ruby, and JavaScript, making it accessible to a wide range of developers.
Selenium Documentation


Topic
Description


What is Selenium?
Selenium is an open-source framework for automating web browsers. It allows testers to write tests in various programming languages.


Selenium Components
Selenium WebDriver, Selenium IDE, Selenium Grid


Supported Programming Languages
Java, C#, Python, Ruby, JavaScript, etc.


Key Features
Cross-browser compatibility, multi-language support, easy integration with testing frameworks, support for parallel testing, extensive community support


Selenium WebDriver
Core component for interacting with web elements and automating browser actions


Selenium IDE
Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for recording and playing back browser interactions


Selenium Grid
Distributed testing framework for running tests on multiple machines or browsers simultaneously


Browser Compatibility
Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Internet Explorer, Edge, Opera, etc.


Test Framework Integration
TestNG, JUnit, NUnit, PyTest, etc.


Advantages of Selenium
Open-source, platform independence, supports multiple programming languages, extensive community and documentation support, cross-browser testing


Limitations of Selenium
Limited support for desktop applications, no support for CAPTCHA automation, steep learning curve for beginners


Spreedsheet


Command/Function
Description
Example


Navigation


get(url)
Loads a web page with the given URL.
driver.get("https://www.example.com")


navigate().to(url)
Loads a web page with the given URL.
driver.navigate().to("https://www.example.com")


Element Identification


findElement(by)
Locates the first element matching the specified locator strategy.
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("username"))


findElements(by)
Locates all elements matching the specified locator strategy.
List<WebElement> elements = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"))


Element Interactions


click()
Clicks on the element.
element.click()


sendKeys(text)
Enters text into an input field or text area.
element.sendKeys("Hello, World!")


getText()
Retrieves the visible text of an element.
String text = element.getText()


Assertions and Verifications


assertEquals(expected, actual)
Asserts that two values are equal.
assertEquals("Title", driver.getTitle())


assertTrue(condition)
Asserts that a condition is true.
assertTrue(element.isDisplayed())


Wait and Synchronization


implicitlyWait(timeout, unit)
Sets a default waiting time for the element to appear.
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)


WebDriverWait
Waits for a specific condition before proceeding.
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10)


Browser Manipulation


switchTo().frame(name)
Switches the focus to a frame with the specified name or index.
driver.switchTo().frame("frameName")


getWindowHandle()
Retrieves the unique identifier of the current browser window.
String windowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle()


Browser Navigation


navigate().back()
Navigates the browser back to the previous page.
driver.navigate().back()


navigate().forward()
Navigates the browser forward to the next page.
driver.navigate().forward()


Browser Actions


sendKeys(Keys.RETURN)
Sends the Enter/Return key to the browser.
element.sendKeys(Keys.RETURN)


Actions
Performs advanced user interactions using the Actions class.
Actions actions = new Actions(driver)
Topic	Description
What is Selenium?	Selenium is an open-source framework for automating web browsers. It allows testers to write tests in various programming languages.
Selenium Components	Selenium WebDriver, Selenium IDE, Selenium Grid
Supported Programming Languages	Java, C#, Python, Ruby, JavaScript, etc.
Key Features	Cross-browser compatibility, multi-language support, easy integration with testing frameworks, support for parallel testing, extensive community support
Selenium WebDriver	Core component for interacting with web elements and automating browser actions
Selenium IDE	Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for recording and playing back browser interactions
Selenium Grid	Distributed testing framework for running tests on multiple machines or browsers simultaneously
Browser Compatibility	Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Internet Explorer, Edge, Opera, etc.
Test Framework Integration	TestNG, JUnit, NUnit, PyTest, etc.
Advantages of Selenium	Open-source, platform independence, supports multiple programming languages, extensive community and documentation support, cross-browser testing
Limitations of Selenium	Limited support for desktop applications, no support for CAPTCHA automation, steep learning curve for beginners
Command/Function	Description	Example
Navigation
`get(url)`	Loads a web page with the given URL.	`driver.get("https://www.example.com")`
`navigate().to(url)`	Loads a web page with the given URL.	`driver.navigate().to("https://www.example.com")`
Element Identification
`findElement(by)`	Locates the first element matching the specified locator strategy.	`WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("username"))`
`findElements(by)`	Locates all elements matching the specified locator strategy.	`List<WebElement> elements = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"))`
Element Interactions
`click()`	Clicks on the element.	`element.click()`
`sendKeys(text)`	Enters text into an input field or text area.	`element.sendKeys("Hello, World!")`
`getText()`	Retrieves the visible text of an element.	`String text = element.getText()`
Assertions and Verifications
`assertEquals(expected, actual)`	Asserts that two values are equal.	`assertEquals("Title", driver.getTitle())`
`assertTrue(condition)`	Asserts that a condition is true.	`assertTrue(element.isDisplayed())`
Wait and Synchronization
`implicitlyWait(timeout, unit)`	Sets a default waiting time for the element to appear.	`driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)`
`WebDriverWait`	Waits for a specific condition before proceeding.	`WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10)`
Browser Manipulation
`switchTo().frame(name)`	Switches the focus to a frame with the specified name or index.	`driver.switchTo().frame("frameName")`
`getWindowHandle()`	Retrieves the unique identifier of the current browser window.	`String windowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle()`
Browser Navigation
`navigate().back()`	Navigates the browser back to the previous page.	`driver.navigate().back()`
`navigate().forward()`	Navigates the browser forward to the next page.	`driver.navigate().forward()`
Browser Actions
`sendKeys(Keys.RETURN)`	Sends the Enter/Return key to the browser.	`element.sendKeys(Keys.RETURN)`
`Actions`	Performs advanced user interactions using the Actions class.	`Actions actions = new Actions(driver)`