Javascript Hoisting.js

// Hoisting is a condition where javascript seems to move a variable or function to the top of the scope before the code is executed.
// Any variable or function that is called before it is declared should be an error but, that is javascript hoisting, JavaScript seems to move it to the top of the scope before the code is executed.
// Everything is hoisted even if using var, let, const but var will not cause an error, if with let and const it will cause an error and is called a “temporal dead zone” (TDZ). meaning that the new variable can be called after the declaration

// Example 1
console.log(abc); // variable call before it is declared
var abc;


// Example 2
sayHello(); // function call before it is declared

function sayHello() {
  console.log("Hello!");
}

// Example 3
increment(num = 5) // both undeclared on it but callable, given a value of 5 and having an output of 6?

function increment(num) {
  console.log(num + 1)
}

var num = 1;