Example of vagrant config which picks up a box depending on used provider.

Vagrantfile

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

# This config uses new syntax for box names which was introduced in vagrant 1.5
Vagrant.require_version ">= 1.5"

# Vagrantfile API/syntax version. Don't touch unless you know what you're doing!
VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION = "2"

Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config|
  # Every Vagrant virtual environment requires a box to build off of.
  # Our developers use different virtual machines to work (which can produce
  # bugs which are hard to reproduce but let's leave it for now) so we moved
  # box definition into configuration of specific provider.
  # When user runs `vagrant up` it will pick up correct box
  # from provider specific config.
  #
  # It is implemented with override object which is documented
  # here https://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/providers/configuration.html

  config.vm.provider :vmware_fusion do |wmf, override|
    override.vm.box = "chef/centos-6.5"

    wmf.memory = 512
  end

  config.vm.provider :parallels do |v, override|
    override.vm.box = "parallels/centos-6.5"

    v.memory = 512
  end

  config.vm.provider :virtualbox do |vb, override|
    override.vm.box = "chef/centos-6.5"

    vb.memory = 512
  end
end