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November 16, 2020 13:53
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| PopBot BETA v1.5.0a | |
| Author: Michael Karpov | |
| Server ID: 776460775606583308 | |
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| tossup 1 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This function of x is equal to the integral with respect to t from 1 to x of the function 1 over t. This function for a times b equals this function of a plus this function of b, and a similar formula can change division to subtraction. This function was first used in the early 1600's by English mathematician John (*) Napier, and one common technique used when working with these operations is a change of base. The natural type of these uses base e and the common type uses base 10. Name this operation, the inverse of exponentiation. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 2 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This leader's tenure saw the imposition of the Community Charge, which was nicknamed the "poll tax" because it taxed every adult. This leader ordered the privatization of such companies as Jaguar and British Petroleum. John Major succeeded this Prime (*) Minister, who led Great Britain during the Falklands War. Name this Conservative British Prime Minister and friend of Ronald Reagan, nicknamed the "Iron Lady." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 3 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The "Spokes" of this celestial body were observed by Percival Lowell, although they turned out to be the blood vessels in his eye. A 1990 probe found evidence of lava flows on this planet. This planet's Lakshmi Planum plateau is home to Ishtar Terra, neither of which can be seen through the clouds of (*) sulfuric acid that create a "runaway" greenhouse effect in its atmosphere. Visited by the Magellan probe, name this planet, the closest in size to Earth and second nearest to the Sun. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: Finals Round 1 | |
| tossup 4 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This novel's protagonist is exiled for seven years when the accidental explosion of his gun kills a dead man's son, and that protagonist's son later converts to Christianity. This novel's sequel, centering on the protagonist's descendants, is No Longer at Ease, and the protagonist, known for being the best wrestler in Umuofia, takes part in the ritual killing of the boy Ikemefuna. For 10 points, name this novel about Nwoye's father Okonkwo, a work of Chinua Achebe. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Fall Novice // rd: round04.doc | |
| ian. left the game -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| tossup 5 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Abnormally high levels of this chemical are linked to pheochromocytoma[fee-oh-chromo-"sigh"-toh-mah] and other tumors in the sympathetic ganglia. Its synthesisbegins when tyrosine is converted into L-DOPA. It is created by the body in response to highlevels of (*) histamine, and it is administered to victims of cardiac arrest and anaphylaxis. Heartrate is regulated by, for 10 points, what hormone responsible for the "fight or flight" response? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 6 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote about the smuggler Harry Morgan in To Have and Have Not. "The American" pressures Jig into getting an abortion in this man's short story "Hills Like White Elephants." His collection In Our Time includes many short stories about (*) Nick Adams, and a novella by this man sees Santiago struggle with a giant marlin. For 10 points, identify this American author of A Farewell to Arms and The Old Man and the Sea. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 SCOP Novice // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 7 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The values of this quantity for ideal gas particles is described by the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Current density over charge density gives a "drift" type of this quantity. When the forces of drag and buoyancy are (*) equal to gravity, an object has a "terminal" value of this quantity. The rate of change in this vector quantity is acceleration. For 10 points, name this quantity equal to the rate of change in position. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 SCOP Novice // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 8 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These mathematical objects have inverses if and only if they are bijective. If one of these objectsis "onto," then its entire range is covered; if it is "one-to-one," it can pass the horizontal line test inaddition to the (*) vertical line test, which all of these objects can pass. For 10 points, give thismathematical term describing a relation for which each input has exactly one output, often written f(x) ["fof x"]. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SCOP Novice // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 9 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man was offered a crown by the Humble Petition and Advice; the earlier, John Lambert-written Instrument of Government had installed him in power. He formed the Barebones Parliament after dismissing the Rump Parliament in 1653. He led cavalry at (*) Marston Moor and Naseby, defeating the Royalists with his professional New Model Army. For 10 points, name this successor to Charles I, the Lord Protector of England. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 10 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This ruler left Mardonius in charge of an army in Greece that would be defeated at Plataea. This ruler's navy took part in the Battle of Artemisium while his army defeated Greek forces led by King Leonidas. He sat on a throne atop a cliff while watching his navy lose at (*) Salamis [sal-ah-miss]. The son of Darius the Great, for 10 points, name this Persian emperor who won the Battle of Thermopylae [ther-mop-uh-lye] but lost the Greco-Persian Wars. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 11 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this country’s national epic, Bacchus disguises himself as a Christian priest in order to lure a crew into a Muslim ambush. A writer from this country used heteronyms such as Ricardo Reis (“rays”). The Lusiads are the national epic of this country. An author from this country wrote a novel in which this home country of Fernando Pessoa breaks off from Europe into the Atlantic Ocean. That author from this country wrote a novel where everyone except for the(*) Doctor’s Wife is inflicted with the title condition. For 10 points, name this country, home to the author of The Stone Raft and Blindness, Jose Saramago. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WHAQ I // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 12 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author of Tales of the Alhambra used pseudonyms like "Jonathan Oldstyle." One of his short stories concerns Abraham Van Brunt and Katrina Van Tassel. In another, a Dutch settler falls asleep in the Catskill Mountains. A long-dead Hessian pursues (*) Ichabod Crane in one of this author's works. For 10 points, name this author, whose collection The Sketchbook of Geoffrey Crayon includes "Rip Van Winkle" and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 13 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These objects contain alternating dark/light bands called ogives, which can form as basal sliding moves these objects over land. Ablation refers to the receding of these objects, which can form (*) drumlins and eskers as they leave behind debris, called moraine. Crevasses are deep cracks in, and tarns are lakes formed by the melting of, for 10 points, what large, land-based bodies of ice? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 14 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this work reunites with a friend during a performance of Lucia diLammermoor and claims to be taking piano lessons in Rouen. In this novel, Hippolyte's leg isamputated after a failed attempt to fix his clubfoot. Burdened by debt and failed affairs withRodolphe (*) Boulanger [boo-lawn-JAY] and Leon Dupuis, the protagonist takes arsenic. Emma, thewife of Charles, is the title character of, for 10 points, what novel by Gustave Flaubert [floh-BAYR]? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SCOP Novice // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 15 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This mathematician's name is applied to the totient (TOH-shunt) function, and his eponymous characteristic is the number of vertices minus edges plus faces of a topological space. His identity states that his namesake number to the power of i x equals cosine of x plus sine of ix. This scientist went blind in one eye from a fever and later the other from a cataract. He solved the problem of the Seven (*) Bridges of Königsberg, thus pioneering graph theory. Name this scientist for whom is named the logarithmic base e, a Swiss mathematician. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: Finals Round 1 | |
| tossup 16 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During one battle in this war, Jean de Gassion led a successful cavalry charge that allowed onecommander to encircle forces under Francisco de Melo. During another battle in this war, the bodyof a commander was hauled away in an artillery cart after he was killed leading cavalry into acloud of smoke, prompting Bernard of Saxe-Weimar to assume control of the army. That battlewas where the leader of the Black Cuirassiers, Field Marshal (*) Pappenheim died. A major battle inthis war was fought at Rocroi, at which the Prince de Condé decisively defeated several Spanish tercios aswell as one at which the "Lion of the North" defeated Johann Tserclaes, Count von Tilly. For 10 points,name this war, during which forces under Albrecht von Wallenstein killed Gustavus Adolphus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Cane Ridge Revival // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 17 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 8. In his youth, this character was prevented from killing a man by the maid Chiyoh, who then kept that man prisoner in a dungeon for years. A man is shot through a one-way mirror by Miriam Lass after she lost an arm and spent two years kept in a well by this character. This character conducts a series of tests in which he asks another character to draw clocks, which that character thinks he draws correctly despite actually putting all the numbers on one side. This character and Bedelia Du Maurier, who was played by (*) Gillian Anderson, escape to Florence, where this man was previously known as the city’s “monster” before he moved to Baltimore and was called the Chesapeake Ripper. For 10 points, name this character who was portrayed for three seasons on a namesake Bryan Fuller show by Mads Mikkelsen and who manipulated Will Graham while being a cannibalistic serial killer. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open Trash // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 18 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One work by this man opens by discussing whether Aeneas or Romulus truly built Rome. That work claims the Roman Republic succeeded because it possessed virtu. In another work, this author claimed that Fortuna affects the roles of humans in history before using an example of Maximilian's advisor Brother Luca to discuss why Flatterers should be avoided. This author of Discourses on Livy began another of his works by outlining the different types of principalities before it discusses different types of soldiers. That work claims mercenaries and auxiliaries are entirely useless and takes Cesare Borgia as an example of the title figure, who came to power by evil means. For 10 points, name this Florentine author of The Prince. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Illinois Fall Tournament // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 19 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Sava and the Unna were some of the rivers that formed the new boundaries dictated in this treaty, which saw Poland gain Podolya and southern Ukraine. Venetians gained Dalmatia and the Peloponnesus as a part of this treaty, but those gains were lost in a subsequent treaty negotiated in 1719. One side retained control over an area that was bounded by Danube to the south and the Mures river to the north, though a separate treaty signed in the year following this treaty saw the transfer of (*) Azov to Russia. The side that imposed this treaty had earlier slaughtered 20,000 of Mustafa II's men and forced another 10,000 to drown in the Tisza River at the Battle of Zenta. Signed by Leopold I, it was an outcome of a brilliant victory by Eugene of Savoy. For 10 points, the Holy League, led by the Hapsburgs, confirmed their victory over the Ottomans through what 1699 treaty? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Minnesota Open // rd: Round 01 - Chicago A.doc | |
| tossup 20 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The text Mirabilia Urbis Romae was written for the benefit of these people. These people wore a robecalled the sclavein, kept everything they owned in a single small bag called a "scrip," and carried large,blessed staffs to fight off wolves. Some of these people sewed cockle-shells into their hats, while othersreceived palm leaves and were therefore called "palmers." Monks organized hostels to house these people,whose main destinations included Santiago de Compostela. For 10 points, name these people who traveledto holy sites in the Middle Ages. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 NASAT // rd: 19 | |
| tossup 21 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Guy Verhofstadt refused to allow this party to join the ALDE political alliance. This party was fined 50,000 euros for not protecting its members’ information on the Rousseau website, where this party votes on major decisions despite Rousseau being privately owned. This party’s ideology was described as (*) “Vaffanculo,” or “up yours,” by its founder, Beppe Grillo. After its coalition partner dissolved their alliance, this party allied with Matteo Renzi’s Democratic Party. Matteo Salvini ended Lega’s coalition with—for 10 points—what Italian populist political party? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Prison Bowl // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 22 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One work by this author notes that hemlock was often confused with fir and spruce, and concludes by describing the creation of "a world of fields and fences." Another of his works proposes "reading Frederick Jackson Turner backwards," begins with a journey to Green Lake, and describes the mechanisms used at "Porkopolis." Those works, an ecological history of New England settlement and a volume on "Chicago and the Great West," are Changes in the Land and Nature's Metropolis. He also wrote an (**) op-ed column about the "radical break" that quoted Joseph Welch's question, " Have you no sense of decency, sir, at long last?" "Alberta Darling" and "AFSCME" were among the (*) search terms indicated in Stephan Thompson's March 2011 Open Records Law request to search the university email account of this man who blogs at "Scholar as Citizen." For 10 points, name this professor of history and environmental studies at the University of Wisconsin. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Guerrilla at ICT // rd: Hoppes | |
| tossup 23 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Repeated fractures of organizations of this type in Nepal have left two prominent ones, labeled “Unified” and “Centre.” At a 1935 meeting of organizations of this type, speeches were given by Wilhelm Pieck [peek] and Palmiro Togliatti [toll-YAH-tee]. Many organizations of this type operate via “democratic centralism.” Maurice Bishop led a short-lived organization of this type called the (*) New Jewel Movement in Grenada. Members of one organization of this type are called “Naxalites.” A peaceful organization of this type was created out of the defeated Spartacus League. Leaders of organizations of this type have historically met via Politburo Standing Committees. For 10 points, what kind of political party may be symbolized by a hammer and sickle? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 24 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Its paraventricular nucleus contains magnocellular and parvocellular cells that project into the median eminence. This organ's arcuate nucleus uses dopamine to suppress prolactin, which is unique since this organ normally has a stimulatory role, such as its release of GnRH leading to FSH and LH release. By communicating with the anterior pituitary gland, it is able to maintain homeostasis and metabolism by controlling body temperature, hunger, and thirst. For 10 points, name this portion of the brain linking the nervous system to the endocrine system and located above the brain stem and below the thalamus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Harvard Fall Tournament // rd: 14 (Finals 1) | |
| tossup 25 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: High intake of this compound can result in increased levels of microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes. An enzyme that acts on this compound is believed to have developed from a glutathione-dependent enzyme which acts on formaldehyde. A method for testing for this substance relies on its ability to reduce dichromate to chromium(III). This compound is oxidized by an enzyme containing both a structural (*) zinc atom and an active site zinc. An arginine-to-histidine mutation in the enzyme that metabolizes this compound causes it to be metabolized to toxic acetaldehyde faster than the acetaldehyde can be converted to harmless acetic acid. While muscle cells produce lactic acid, yeast and bacteria form this compound from fermentation. For 10 points name this compound found in beer. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 26 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man's father proposed the Mapaspina circumnavigation expedtion and rebuilt Osornofollowing the Huilliche Rebellion. After serving at the Siege of Chillan, this man again followed JoseMiguel Carrera to the Battle of El Roble, where he shouted "Live with honor, or die with glory!"After he was deposed by Ramón Freire, this man was offered the post of governor of Concepción,though he declined and moved to the Cuiva and Montalvan plantations. This loser of the Battle ofLas Tres Acequias lost another significant battle to Mariano Osorio at (*) Rancagua, after which hejoined with an Argentinian colleague to lead the Army of the Andes to victory at Chacabuco and Maipu.For 10 points, name this son of Ambrosio, who ruled frm 1817 to 1823 after leading the liberation of Chile. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 College History Bowl // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 27 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This country’s November Constitution created a joint parliament called the Rigsråd (REESE-road) to rule a captured territory in contravention of the London Protocol. In a neighboring country, Frederick, Duke of Austenberg became a nationalist icon after the death of one of this country’s monarchs. The first Red Cross armbands were worn by observers of this nation’s defeat at Dybbøl. This country’s king Christian IX was known as “the father-in-law of Europe” after his daughter Alexandra married Edward VII. The death of the last Oldenburg monarch of this country, Frederick VII, caused it to lose control of two duchies to its south because of Salic Law. For 10 points, name this country which contested the Schleswig-Holstein (SHLESS-wig-HOLE-styne) question with its southern German neighbors. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 NASAT // rd: 16 | |
| tossup 28 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One ruler with this name did not react to seeing his daughter enslaved and his son about to be executed, but wept when he was approached by an old beggar. The first ruler with this name besieged Ashdod for 29 years and ordered a shepherd to raise two children without ever exposing them to human speech in an attempt to determine the world's oldest language. The third ruler with this name had his soldiers drink the blood of the sons of the traitorous general Phanes of Halicarnassus. A ruler with this name fulfilled a prophecy by using his bronze helmet to pour a libation and established his capital at (*) Saïs. A man who ruled between two men with this name lost the Battle of Carchemish to the Babylonians. The dynasty to which rulers of this name belonged collapsed after losing the Battle of Pelusium to Cambyses II, and included Necho II. For 10 points, give this name shared by three rulers of the 26th Dynasty, including one whose rule ended with the Persian occupation of Egypt. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 "stanford housewrite" // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 29 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The speaker of a poem remembers these objects when “in a vacant or pensive mood” while enjoying the “bliss of solitude” on a couch. These objects “out-did the sparkling waves in glee” in the presence of a man to whom they provide “jocund company.” These objects, which are as “continuous as the stars that shine and twinkle on the Milky Way,” toss “their heads in a sprightly dance.” The speaker sees these objects “fluttering and dancing in the breeze” in a poem by the author of The Prelude. For 10 points, name these yellow flowers that serve as the primary subject of William Wordsworth’s “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Fall // rd: Gettysburg A + Queen's A + Colorado A | |
| tossup 30 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two women in this novel complain about sexual inequality in a library that categorizes male authorsbefore female authors. A main character in this novel sleeps with a prostitute who quotes Bergsonand Hegel. In this novel, a character sticks a steak knife through the chest of a man who is trying tomake a flute out of the souls of animals that he paralyzes and (*) decapitates. An incident in it, in whichseveral students suddenly collapse on top of a hill during a field trip, grants the ability to speak to cats toNakata. The protagonist of this work has an alter ego named Crow and hides in a library managed by Oshimaand Ms. Saeki. For 10 points name this novel by Haruki Murakami about a fifteen-year-old who nameshimself after a famous Czech author. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 PADAWAN // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 31 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The most direct treatment of this condition can lead to a non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema that presents similarly to ARDS and is called TRALI [“trolley”]. In susceptible individuals, this symptom can be caused by a virus with a single-stranded DNA genome that also causes a childhood exanthem in a “slapped-cheek” distribution. Its opposite can be caused by a para·neoplastic syndrome of renal cell carcinoma. Autoimmune diseases cause this general symptom because (*) hepcidin is an acute phase reactant and thus elevated in chronic immune stimulation, which is called “[this symptom] of chronic disease.” Mutations in spectrin can lead to a hereditary form of this condition called spherocytosis. High MCV and hypersegmented neutrophils are present in a form of it usually due to B12 or folate deficiency, and B12 deficiency is the culprit of its “pernicious” form. For 10 points, name this general condition most commonly caused by a lack of iron. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Chicago Open // rd: 6 Hang + Sorice | |
| tossup 32 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One disorder of this process is caused by mutations in a protein ordinarily stored in Weibel-Palade bodies. Antiphospholipid antibodies cause the aberrant activation of this process. Several components of this process contain Kringle domains, and is aberrantly activated in DIC. One method of assaying this process relies on mixing kaolin or silica with a sample stored in oxalate. Tissue factor activates one arm of the (*) cascade responsible for this process, most of whose factors are serine proteases that activate each other. This process, whose pathways include the kallikrein-dependent, intrinsic, and extrinsic pathways, is responsible for crosslinking a fibrin mesh. This process uses factors like prothrombin and thrombin. For 10 points, name this process which prevents people from bleeding to death through wounds. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Penn Bowl // rd: Tiebreakers | |
| tossup 33 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These substances have a compressibility factor of 1, and each of their particles has an average kinetic energy of "three-halves k T." The Sackur-Tetrode equation gives the entropy of a monatomic one of these substances, which undergo completely elastic collisions and have no intermolecular attractions between particles. Two additional parameters allow the Van der Waals equation to more closely model real systems than these substances' namesake equation, which is a combination of Gay-Lussac's, Charles', and Boyle's laws. For 10 points, name these hypothetical substances whose namesake law states that "P V equals n R T." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Prison Bowl // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 34 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This metal is found in a mineral containing three atoms of sodium and six atoms of fluorine per formula unit. A chloride of this element is used as a catalyst in the Friedel-Crafts reaction. An oxide of this metal, (*) corundum, is used as an abrasive due to its hardness of 9.0 on the Mohs scale. The main source of this metal is bauxite, which is refined in the Bayer process to produce a pure oxide of this metal. This metal is then smelt through the Hall-Héroult process, which industrially uses electrolysis in a molten salt bath. For 10 points, name this silvery white metal with atomic number 13 and symbol Al. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Prison Bowl X // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 35 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two answers required. Historical attempts to differentiate these groups include the married film producers Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis making a documentary suggesting that one of these groups descended from “Hamitic invaders.” Political scientists Christian Davenport and Allan Stam described an attempt in the 1920s and 1930s to distinguish these groups, issue identity cards, and justify the decision to create a power structure that privileged the minority group, all based on phrenology. The supposedly lighter skin and greater height of members of one of these groups, which Europeans interpreted as meaning they were descended from ancient Egyptians, were likely the result of their protein-rich diet from cattle herding. RTLM broadcast the message “cut down the tall trees” after Juvenal Habyarimana died in a plane crash, precipitating genocide between, for 10 points, what two dominant ethnicities of Rwanda? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 1 - Editors | |
| tossup 36 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Fighting began at this battle when the Sixth Army clashed with the IV Reserve Corps at the Ourcq River. Alexander von Kluck disobeyed orders during this battle by charging straight into Charles Lanrezac’s division. This battle was preceded by a withdrawal from Mons, known as the Great Retreat. After this battle, both sides attempted to utilize their respective enemy’s northern flank in the (*) “Race to the Sea.” Joseph Galleani ordered taxi drivers to ferry soldiers to and from this battle. For 10 points, name this battle which stopped the Schlieffen Plan from succeeding. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 RMBCT // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 37 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these particles is emitted when a vacancy in an atom is filled in the Auger effect, and these particles were scattered off a nickel target to demonstrate their wave behavior in the Davisson-Germer experiment. These particles scatter photons in the Compton effect, and one experiment reached equilibrium between buoyant and gravitational forces on oil drops to measure the charge of these particles, an experiment conducted by Robert Millikan. This particle was discovered through a cathode ray experiment by J.J. Thomson, and its antiparticle is the positron. For 10 points, name this particle that orbits the nucleus with a negative charge. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 38 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An emotional scene in this novel occurs when the protagonist mis-cuts a plug of tobacco, which causes her to be scolded by her husband. She talks back, and he hits her and refuses to talk to her. After that man dies, the woman leaves for Florida with a man who entertained her with checker games. At one point in this novel, the protagonist spends time "on de muck," picking beans. One character in this novel is infected with rabies by a dog, which causes him to attempt to shoot his wife. That wife was first married to Logan Killicks, who takes her from her home with Nanny, but later weds Tea Cake. For 10 points, identify this novel about Janie Stark, written by Zora Neale Hurston. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Regionals // rd: Illinois A | |
| tossup 39 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This element’s fusion is the first step in the alpha process, and runaway fusion of this element and oxygen causes Type Ia (“one a”) supernovae when the mass exceeds the Chandrasekhar limit. Black dwarfs are made primarily of this element in a (*) crystallized form. This element, along with oxygen and nitrogen, acts as a catalyst for one type of hydrogen fusion in stars. In stars, this element is first created in the triple-alpha cycle, in which three helium-4 nuclei combine to form the nucleus of this element. White dwarfs are primarily made of, for 10 points, what element that usually has atomic mass of 12 and forms allotropes of graphite and diamonds? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Prison Bowl X // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 40 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The acceleration named for this person can take place when particles repeatedly cross the shock front caused by a supernova. The type of gas named for this person exerts pressure even at absolute zero. This person and Paul Dirac worked out the statistical distribution of particles that obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle, which is why such particles are named for this person. Those particles, which have non-integer spins, are contrasted with particles named for Satyendra Nath Bose. Name this Italian American who created Chicago Pile-1 in 1942, the first man-made nuclear chain reaction. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NTSS // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 41 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This nation's southern borderlands were the subject of the Log Revolution, which sought to isolate the town of Knin. In 1991, a man from this nation, Stjepan Mesic, was appointed nominal head of a country from which this nation was trying to secede. The Vukovar massacre occurred in this nation during its war for independence, which began shortly after a contested soccer match involving its Dinamo side and included Slobodan Milosevic's attack on its Dalmatian coastal city of Dubrovnik. For 10 points, name this Balkan nation with capital at Zagreb. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collegiate Novice // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 42 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This emperor produced Sixteen Maxims summarizing the core tenets of Confucianism in his “Sacred Edict.” In the final years of his reign, he had to arrest his eldest son, Prince Yinreng, who was a notorious pedophile. At the Battle of Jao Modo, he personally defeated the Dzungars (zun-gars) under Galdan Khan. This emperor often traveled in disguise as a commoner while touring southern China. During the regency of Oboi, he ordered the evacuation of Guangdong in the Great Clearance as part of his campaign against Koxinga (koh-SHIN-gah). His reign witnessed an uprising led by Wu Sangui (sahn-gway) known as the Revolt of the Three Feudatories. Wan Sitong edited most of the Míng Shǐ during the reign of this emperor, who sponsored a massive namesake dictionary. For 10 points, name this predecessor of the Yongzheng (yong-jeng) Emperor, who was the longest-reigning member of the Qing dynasty. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 21 - Oklahoma + Michigan B | |
| tossup 43 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Mouse models that may be used to study this disease include Q175 and R6/2 (“R 6 slash 2”). Austedo is a deuterated derivative of a drug used to treat this disease. Populations around Lake Maracaibo have an abnormally high rate of this disease. This disease shows caudate and putamen atrophy on MRI, and the mutated protein in this disease is SUMOylated by Rhes. The first FDA-approved treatment for this disease is believed to act through VMAT2 inhibition and is called (*) tetrabenazine. This disease occurs with increasing frequency in successive generations in a process known as anticipation. This disease is classified as “full penetrance” if there are more than 40 CAG repeats, which cause excess glutamine in a polyQ region of the protein Htt. For 10 points, name this autosomal dominant genetic disease that causes its namesake jerky movements, called chorea. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 IMSAnity 5 // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 44 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this novel gives sticks to a statue of Jesus and later smashes the statue when it does nothing with them. The mother of this novel's protagonist dies shortly after witnessing a man using a horse's head as bait while trying to fish for eels. Before becoming an engraver of gravestones in Dusseldorf, this novel's protagonist leads a gang called "The Dusters." The protagonist of this novel writes his (*) memoirs from an asylum after he finds a bloody finger in the field and confesses to Sister Dorothea's murder. This novel centers on a character who can shatter glass with his voice, and it is the first part of its author's "Danzig Trilogy." For 10 points, name this novel in which Oskar Matzerath refuses to grow up, written by Gunter Grass. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 PACE NSC // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 45 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This nation’s missionary work was praised in Pius XII’s encyclical Saeculo exeunte, issued after it had signed the Concordat of 1940 with the Vatican. This European country’s prison camp at Tarrafal was run by the PIDE police. This country’s 1974 Eurovision entry “And After the Farewell,” was used as a signal for a coup by the (*) Armed Forces Movement. In its “Colonial War,” this country lost its colonies of Goa and Angola. The Carnation Revolution in this country overthrew Marcelo Caetano, the successor of a man who declared an Estado Novo. For 10 points, name this country formerly ruled by Antonio Salazar, an Iberian nation. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 46 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A useful "carrier" for this compound in some reactions is its adduct with two molecules of triphenylphosphine oxide. Red chemiluminescence can be indicative of this compound acting as a reducing agent. This compound and sulfuric acid comprise the etching agent in a piranha bath. In the gas phase, this compound belongs to the C2 point group as it adopts a gauche conformation whose geometry is often described as "open book". Raney nickel or palladium are used to regenerate a tricyclic aromatic molecule which catalyzes the production of this compound. A mixture of this compound and iron salts that is used to treat wastewater is Fenton's reagent. This compound is produced by the anthraquinone process and it is degraded by catalase. For 10 points, name this compound used to bleach hair whose formula is H2O2. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 NASAT // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 47 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity grows linearly in a system with zero energy density according to the Milne model. The energy density of a radiation-dominated universe is inversely proportional to the fourth power of this quantity, while vacuum energy density is entirely independent of it. This quantity is squared and multiplied by the spatial components of a homogeneous and isotropic but time-dependent metric whose parameter k determines the sign of the curvature of space. The time evolution of this quantity is governed by the (*) Friedmann equations, from which one can extract Hubble's constant as the logarithmic time derivative of this quantity. It increases monotonically in time, and it goes to zero at a point in the Robertson-Walker metric that we now interpret as the Big Bang. For 10 points, identify this cosmological quantity, symbolized a, which is a measure of the relative size of the universe. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 George Oppen // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 48 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Three brothers who ruled this polity had the awesome nicknames "Achilles," "Irontooth," and "the Alchemist." The Treaty of Eltville ended a civil war in this polity that pitted the pretender "False Waldemar" against Louis I of the Wittelsbach dynasty. This polity's founder won a succession war after the death of the Hevelli prince Pribislav-Henry and made a red eagle its heraldic symbol. That member of the House of Ascania created this polity out of the Northern March and was named Albert the Bear. This polity gained control of Ravensberg and Cleves-Mark in the Treaty of Xanten under a ruler whose daughter Maria Eleonora married Gustavus Adolphus. That margrave of this polity, John Sigismund, was the grandfather of Frederick William the Great Elector. 10 points, name this polity in present-day northeastern Germany that formed a personal union with the Duchy of Prussia during the 17th century. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 49 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This ethnic group's culture is celebrated in the largest street festival in Europe, a three-day carnival in earlyAugust. The Scarman Report blamed "Operation Swamp" for targeting these people with disproportionate use ofthe "sus law." In 1981, a misunderstanding over the treatment of Michael Bailey catalyzed a riot among thiscommunity that Margaret (*) Thatcher claimed "nothing" could justify. The beginning of the migration of thisethnic group is usually marked by the arrival of the Empire Windrush. "Jungle" and "dancehall" music werepopularized by this ethnic minority, which fought police in the Brixton riots. For 10 points, name this racialminority in the UK from the West Indies. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 VCU Open // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 50 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The second chapter of this book illustrates how nobody is safe from unforeseen calamity by recounting how the HolyTeacher Yixing was banished for hitting on the consort Yang Guifei. One section of this book describes an artificial islandwhose building stones were inscribed with holy texts, built by a man who dies from an illness so severe that his body boilswater. This book's opening paragraph mentions the colorful sala flowers portending that the prosperous will decline andthe Gion Shoja bells signaling the impermanence of all things. This book's description of a mysterious fire that torched theImperial Palace was related in the earlier "An (*) Account of My Hut." Its thirteenth and final chapter, an "Initiates' Book,"describes how the Empress Kenreimon'in joins a Buddhist convent after her infant son drowns at the Battle of Dan-no-ura. For 10points, name this account of the Gempei War between the Taira and Minamoto clans, a national epic of Japan. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Minnesota Open // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 51 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 16. Particles with behavior between that of bosons and fermions called anyons (any-ons) can only exist in systems with limited values for this quantity. Systems with differing values for this quantity may be treated equivalently through compactification. Hermann Weyl's treatment of the anthropic principle notes that Maxwell's treatment of electromagnetism would not hold if the universe had a different value for this quantity. Attempts to solve the hierarchy problem often increase this value to account for the (*) graviton. This quantity equals 11 in M-theory. This value for a brane is one larger than that of a string. In Minkowski space, this quantity is 4 due to treating space and time as a continuum. For 10 points, name this quantity, which is typically treated as 3 for space. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PACE NSC // rd: 23 - Finals 2 | |
| tossup 52 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity for conductive electrons in a metal is equal to one third pi squared times the density of states at the Fermi level times t times the square of k sub b. The Equipartition Principle predicts that each degree of freedom contributes 1/2 R to the molar version of this quantity for an ideal gas, though this is only valid at high temperatures. This is the change in internal energy over the change in temperature. At low temperatures, the corresponding values are 3/2 R for a monoatomic gas and 5/2 R for a diatomic gas. When performing an experiment in a bomb calorimeter, it is important to know this value for the calorimeter. For 10 points, name this constant that when multiplied by the amount of heat applied to a system at constant volume gives the change in temperature. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Regionals // rd: Yale B + Bellarmine | |
| tossup 53 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A poem written in this language contrasts the “golden hair” of Margarete [“mar-guh-RET-uh”] with the “ashen hair” of Shulamith, and begins by describing the “black milk of daybreak we drink at nightfall.” A collection written in this language includes a poem inspired by Picasso’s Family of Saltimbanques, and another that declares “beauty is nothing but the beginning of terror.” Paul Celan’s “Death Fugue” was written in this language, as was a poem that ends “You must change your life.” An Italian castle inspired a set of 10 mystical poems in this language that opens “Who, if I cried out, would hear me among the Angelic Orders?” For 10 points, what language was used for the Duino Elegies by Austrian poet Rainer Maria Rilke? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Fall // rd: Editors 1 | |
| tossup 54 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: They’re not aromatic, but halogenating these molecules with the aid of ultraviolet light proceeds through a free radical mechanism. The orientation of substituents in these molecules can be visualized, two carbons at a time, using Newman projections. The number of hydrogen atoms in the linear and branched forms of these molecules is two plus twice the number of (*) carbon atoms in the molecule, meaning their degree of unsaturation is zero. Cyclohexane and ethane are examples of, for ten points, what hydrocarbons which possess only carbon-carbon single bonds, unlike alkenes and alkynes? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 LIST (Ladue Invitational Spring Tournament) VI // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 55 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The second ruler of this name had his palace expanded by court architect Raimondo D'Aronco and handled two uprisings at Sasun, as documented by Reverend Cyrus Hamlin. According to legend, the first ruler of this name took a girl named Aimée du Buc de Rivéry as his consort after she was captured by pirates - she then took the name Nakshidil and introduced French customs to his court. During the year that ruler of this name ascended to power, his army was decimated at the Battle of Kozluca and he had to consent to the Treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji. The second ruler of this name moved his seat of government to Yildiz Palace. The Dashnak Association attempted to assassinate that ruler with a bomb-loaded carriage. That ruler of this name set up an absolute monarchy, bringing an end to the First Constitutional Era and the Tanzimat reforms. That ruler was bestowed a nickname by William Gladstone in reaction to his policies in Armenia. For 10 points, give this name of an Ottoman ruler called the "Red Sultan," who was deposed in 1909 through the effort of the Young Turks. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 56 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Prior to this battle, the Hornet and Enterprise were sent on a surprise bombing mission, leaving them out of the US fleet. The other side in this battle wished to secure the island of Tulagi and its harbor. On May 7, the first major day of battle, the Kikuzuki and the Shoho were both destroyed, and the next day the Shokaku was forced to retreat. The Yorktown escaped major damage from the Japanese attack, but the Lexington was destroyed. For 10 points, name this battle fought over control of Port Moresby, a 1942 naval battle that notably featured no ship-to-ship combat, fought in a namesake body of water that is home to the Great Barrier Reef. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Fall // rd: ACF Fall 2008 - Yale A + Michigan.doc | |
| tossup 57 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this man's reign, Archbishop Alphege was taken hostage during an invasion. This monarch issued the Edicts of Enham and Bath to promote nationwide fasting. His ascendance to the throne was aided by Elfrida's murder of his half-brother, and this king's reign was characterized by turbulence with a certain group, culminating in the St. Brice's Day Massacre. After this man's death and the short reign of his son Edmund Ironsides, the throne would not return to the kingdom of Wessex until Edward the Confessor in 1042. For 10 points, name this Anglo-Saxon king whose unfortunate nickname signified that he was poorly counseled, not unprepared. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Penn Bowl // rd: Yale B.doc | |
| tossup 58 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A painter in this play praises unfinished paintings, especially Michelangelo's Virgin and Child with the Angels. In this play's most romantic gesture, a man kisses his wife all over her face, saying "I bless thee: temporo·mandibular joint, I bless thee: buccal artery and nerve," and so forth. A character in this play hires the morally upstanding Elizabeth as a wet nurse because Elizabeth's child has recently died, and because she believes morality travels through milk. Aside from the final scene, in which Mrs. (*) Givings and her husband make naked snow angels and have sex outside, this play is entirely set in a living room and an adjoining operating theater. For 10 points, name this comedy about the treatment of hysteria in the Victorian era, written by Sarah Ruhl. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Scattergories // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 59 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After one of these events, William Thomas Turner was investigated by the Board of Trade for not “zig-zagging.” Robert Lansing took his highest office in the aftermath of one of these events. The Marconi radio company received a massive publicity boost for its role in a (*) 1912 one of these events. Robert Ballard is best-known for exploring the sites of these events. William Jennings Bryan resigned after one of these events that hastened America’s entry into WWI, since British propagandists claimed that the Germans’ U-20 had targeted a completely civilian vessel. For 10 points, name this type of disaster that befell the Lusitania and the Titanic. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 BHSAT // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 60 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Operation Flipper was a disastrous attempt to raid the headquarters of this man, who personally directed the use of 80-millimeter anti-aircraft guns against tanks during the Battle of Arras. In this man's final military post, he set up a large array of wooden posts to prevent glider landings, known as his "asparagus." Operation Crusader lifted this man's siege of Tobruk. This man was forced to evade a line of land mines and barbed wire stretching to the Qattara Depression, which he called "devil's gardens," resulting in his defeat by Bernard Montgomery. After his implication in the July Plot to assassinate Hitler, this man committed suicide to remain a hero for his service at Kasserine Pass and El Alamein. For 10 points, name this Nazi commander of the Afrika Korps, nicknamed "Desert Fox." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Regionals // rd: Penn B + HS contributors + Editors 2 | |
| tossup 61 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An simple-to-use small signal model for these elements is the piecewise linear model. Although it is normally treated as equal to one, the exponential term in an equation for these elements has an emission coefficient or ideality factor multiplying the thermal voltage. Smoothing capacitors are most commonly used by inserting them in parallel with one of these elements in a half-wave rectifier. These nonlinear elements have a "knee" point in their I-V curves at around 0.7 volts, beyond which the current rapidly increases to infinity. These elements are represented as a sideways triangle with a vertical line at its tip. For 10 points, name these circuit elements that permit current flow in only one direction. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 NASAT // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 62 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The historian Paulus Orosius accredited this people's takeover of his province with the restoration of its former vitality. One scholar under this people's rule collected much of the knowledge of antiquity in his Etymologiae. They suffered a major defeat at on Easter Sunday at Pollentia and shortly thereafter were also repulsed at Verona. Leander converted one king of this people, Reccared, from Arianism to Catholicism. Clovis expelled these people from Toulouse at the Battle of Touille and their most famous ruler frequently clashed with magister militum, Stilicho. Tariq al-Ziyad, who had led a force of Berbers from Morocco, defeated their last king, Roderick at Guadelete in 712, effectively ending their hegemony in Spain..Ruled by men like Theoderic the Great, for 10 points, name these people, who sacked Rome under Alaric. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Penn Bowl // rd: Virginia | |
| tossup 63 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this work discusses devotion with Emily in telling how one of his ancestors is stitched in the Bayeux Tapestry. The imaginary Mr. Lies appears to one character in this work during a hallucination set in Antarctica, while the story of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake is retold to Belize in another part of it. The ghost of Ethel Rosenberg haunts the Mormon lawyer protagonist of this work, who had offered a post in the Justice Department to Joe Pitt, who turns it down but is left by his wife Harper. Louis leaves his AIDS-ridden partner Prior Walter at the end of the work, which stars Roy Cohn. "Millennium Approaches" and "Perestroika" are the two parts of, for 10 points, which play, subtitled "A Gay Fantasia on National Themes" and written by Tony Kushner? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ACF Winter // rd: ACF Winter 2010 - Carleton + Sandy Huang + WUSTL.pdf | |
| tossup 64 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The CASPEr experiment will try to detect axions via measurement of this type of effect. Considering an object undergoing Fermi-Walker transport is useful to derive the Bargmann-Michel- Telegdi equation for one type of this effect. Successive Lorentz boosts create an effect partially named for Wigner which, when applied sequentially yields this effect. Gravity (*) Probe B observed the geodetic effect, a type of this effect also named for Lense and Thirring. The equinoxes undergo this movement on a 26,000 year cycle. Newtonian predictions erred by 43 arcseconds per century in their value for this effect in the perihelion of Mercury's orbit. For 10 points, name this effect, coming in varieties named for Thomas and Larmor, which causes the axis of a top or gyroscope to wobble. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WAO // rd: Editors 2 | |
| tossup 65 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One minister under this man was later killed for plotting against Papa Doc Duvalier, and his nation was sanctioned after a car bombing in Caracas wounded, but did not kill, Romulo Betancourt. He also ordered the killings of the Mirabal Sisters, and the failure of general Pupo Roman to act following this man's death allowed Johnny Abbes Garcia to catch and punish most of his assassins. He ordered the Parsley Massacre and negotiated a treaty with Cordell Hull. For 10 points, name this dictator of the Dominican Republic who was assassinated in 1961 who received significant US support as a result of his stance against Communism. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Prison Bowl // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 66 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 1. A writer used this language to describe the debilitating illness afflicting him as "mattress-grave," and wrote Almansor, which contains the line "They that begin by burning books will end by burning people." A poem in this language asks "Will the despotism of the earthly never cease?"; the author of that poem wrote a novel in which the title character, Henry, search outs a blue flower. This language was used to write Hymns to the (*) Night, a collection by Novalis. It was also used by a different 19th-century poet for a poem about a golden-haired creature who leads sailors to their death. A poem known as "The Lorelei" was written by Heinrich Heine, who employed, for 10 points, what language used by Weimar classicists? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PACE NSC // rd: 17 | |
| tossup 67 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This object belongs to a boy named Kenneth in the unpublished short story, "The Ocean Full ofBowling Balls." One character throws an essay on this object in the trash because it was on the wrongsubject, leading to a fight between him and his roommate. Jane Gallagher is the only non-family member tohave seen this object, which is covered by poems written in green ink. This object belonged to aleft-handed boy who died on July 18, 1946 of leukemia. That night, his brother, who now treasures thisobject, broke all the windows in the garage. For 10 points, name this object kept by Holden Caulfield andwhich was presumably used by his brother Allie to catch fly balls | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 NASAT // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 68 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one scene in this novel, the narrator claims that the "greatest weight [he has] on [his] conscience" comes from when he breathed on a cocoon to get a butterfly to emerge and was horrified when it emerged with crumpled wings and died in his palm. The narrator of this novel has a dream in which his friend's arm detaches and floats over to grip him with an icy grasp, presaging that friend's death from pneumonia. While reading Dante, the narrator of this novel sees the title character staring at him from behind a glass door, after which he announces his plans to travel to (*) Crete. In this novel, the narrator works on his manuscript on the Buddha as the title character manages a lignite mine and seduces Madame Hortense with his cimbalom. For 10 points, name this novel by Nikos Kazantzakis. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 EMT // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 69 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one novel in this language, a man who suffers from "white-ache" falls back in love with his wife at a lake where all animals are frozen in time. People who speak this language are characterized as "the nice middle class" in a short piece about the name of the author of One Day I Will Write About This Place. In a novel in this language, the non-Pentecostal Voice of Truth radio broadcast runs propaganda and the protagonist relishes the deaths of Settler Williams and John Boy. In another novel written in this language, the protagonist fails an interview at the queue-plagued Eldares Construction Company, and an inflating leader whose advisors have artificially enlarged body parts attempts to obtain Global Bank funding for his Babel-like project Marching to Heaven. This language's use for oral storytelling is contrasted with the institutionalization brought by English in Decolonizing the Mind. For 10 points, name this language used to write Wizard of the Crow by Ngugi wa Thiong'o. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Chicago Open // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 70 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This person was finally defeated after a boxing-in campaign of ditch-digging and wall-building trapped this person inBruttium, where the decisive Battle of the Siler River was fought. Despite an early setback near Mount Garganus, thisperson defeated the inept Publicola and Clodianus. In one battle, this tactician instructed troops to climb down the side ofa mountain with ropes made from vines, thus ambushing the enemy commander Glaber. Alongside (*) Crixus andOenomaus, this Thracian led an army that was thwarted when Cilician pirates reneged on their agreement to take two thousandmen to Sicily. This person led a revolt that was put down by Crassus, a victory for which Pompey stole all the credit. For 10points, name this leader of the Third Servile War, a former gladiator whose followers were crucified along the Appian Way. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Minnesota Open // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 71 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One man of this name was put to death along with the poet Lentulus Gaeticulus after conspiring to assassinate his brother-in-law. That man was married to Drusilla, the sister of the man who eventually had him killed, Caligula. Another man of this name made an unsuccessful assassination attempt in 30 BCE, becoming the first man to try to murder an Emperor when he failed to kill Augustus. The most famous man of this name served as consul in 46 BCE before becoming pontifex maximus and, after the battle of Mutina, he joined with Mark Antony to march on Rome. FTP, name these Romans, the last of whom later assisted Octavian against Pompey as the third member of the Second Triumvirate. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2006 ACF Regionals // rd: Chicago B - Harvard B.doc | |
| tossup 72 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Food is transported through these organisms by means of the leptome, which consists of cells surrounded by water-conducting hydroid cells. The largest organism of this type is the Dawsonia superba which can grow to 20 inches tall, unusual for these organisms because they only grow when hydrated. They aren't ferns, but these organisms rely on spores rather than flowers to reproduce. They are classified, along with liverworts and hornworts, into a division of plants that lack vascular systems. For 10 points, name these small plants which often grow in clumps on tree bark and rocks and are classified as bryophytes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Prison Bowl // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 73 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One obscure pathway that results in the reagents used to form this class of chemicals opens with a Pinacol rearrangement of deoxyxyluose; a better-understood pathway that results in an unequal yield of those reagents is the mevalonate pathway. These chemicals form when protic attack resulting from abstraction of OPP groups yields DMAPP radicals, which then combine with one another and with (*)Â isopentyl diphosphate and undergo stereospecific deprotination, thus forming open-chain varieties of these polymers. Pyrolysis of these compounds led Otto Wallach to posit a rule regarding their structure that is sometimes called the C5 rule but more often named for their monomer. For 10 points, name this family of polymers characterized as built from 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, a unit of five carbons and eight hydrogens also known as isoprene. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Chicago Open // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 74 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this book describes how “I incline to Cain’s heresy… I let my brother go to the devil in his own way.” A “Sawbones” in this novel who is “as emotional as a bagpipe” turns “sick and white with the desire to kill” another character in this novel. In a “full statement” at the end of this novel, one of the central characters describes how Poole was unable to find any salt in London and mourns the last time he “can think his own thoughts or see his own face (now how sadly altered!) in the glass.” Richard Enfield goes on frequent walks with Gabriel Utterson in this book, during which he tells of a man who was more like a juggernaut than a person. For 10 points, name this novel by Robert Louis Stevenson about a scientist who creates a potion which turns him into a monstrous alter-ego. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 NASAT // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 75 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One work by this author is a sequence of poems including Ecce Homo, Peace in War, and several named for body parts of Jesus on the cross including Crown, Forehead, and Eyes. Joaquin Monegro arranges for the title character to paint the portrait of Helena and feels that he has been betrayed when they become lovers in one novel, and Lazaro assists the title character in his spiritual work in another narrated by Angela Carballino. In one novel, this man depicts himself asserting his dominance over the protagonist as his creator and shows the piano teacher Eugenia abuse the helpless Augusto Perez. FTP, name this Spanish author of The Christ of Velazquez, Abel Sanchez, Saint | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Tyrone Slothrop Literature Singles // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 76 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The graduates of one school for these people supposedly used a technique called "reverse egg flow" that gave men visions of their death while having sex. The most famous of these people has been inaccurately claimed to have been killed with burning oil in a naval battle in the Inland Sea. The construction of "nightingale floors" that "chirp" when stepped on was a means of countering these people. After copying an enemy lantern design, a group of these people infiltrated and burned (*) Sawayama Castle. The Kōga and Iga clans were the most famous and prolific in producing these people, represented by Mochizuki Chiyome and Hattori Hanzō, respectively. For 10 points, name these covert operatives of feudal Japan, often depicted in the West as super soldiers in black or teenage mutant turtles. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 FRENCH // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 77 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After Margaret Nicholson tried to stab this man, he responded, “this poor creature is mad; do not hurt her. She has not hurt me.” This king blocked the passage of the East India Bill, which would have nationalized the East India Company. After this king passed the Papists Act, protestors dubbed him “King Mob” during the Gordon Riots. Due to his (*) porphyria, this king’s son presided over the Regency. This king issued the Proclamation of 1763, forbidding all western expansion past the Appalachians, and refused to read the Olive Branch Petition. For 10 points, name this Hanoverian king who ruled the United Kingdom during the American Revolution. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 CALISTO // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 78 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Trevor Bryce traced the origin of a class of these people’s priestesses to their roles as midwives, explaining their name hasawas, meaning “she at birth.” The archaeologist W. G. Hamilton discovered one of these people’s cities, whose south entrance is flanked by two sphinxes. 64 of these peoples’ gods are carved in procession in reliefs from Chamber A of the rock sanctuary at Yazilikaya. These people ruled an empire from a city that had been cursed by (*) Anitta, a ruler from Kussara who had razed that city in 1700 BC. A ruler of these people who ended the Amorite dynasty of Babylon was succeeded by a man who codified the rules of succession in the Edict of Telepinu. An empire ruled by these people achieved its territorial zenith under Suppiluliuma I (“SUP-il-oo-lee-OO-mah the first”). The world’s oldest peace treaty is recorded on tablets found in these peoples’ capital, Hattusa. For 10 points, name these people who fought the Battle of Kadesh against Ramesses II. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 Terrapin // rd: 15 (Finals 2) | |
| tossup 79 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A king by this name came to power by publicly executing the previous ruler nicknamed “son of the water carrier,” or Bacha-e Saqaw (bah-chah-ee SAH-kow), but after four years of rule he was shot and killed at a high school graduation ceremony by the rebel Abdul Khaliq in 1933. A much earlier ruler of this name required his subjects to wear a hat with four peaks named for him, and won an early victory as army chief at the Battle of Damghan, and then built a city named for himself after destroying the Hotaki Dynasty. That ruler of this name developed a Sunni school known as Ja’farism and fought a two-year war against the Lezgins in Dagestan after they killed and desecrated the corpse of his brother Ebrahim. That ruler of this name, who gouged out the eyes of his eldest son Reza Qoli Mirza, won the Battle of Karnal, after which he plundered the Red Fort. For 10 points, give the name of this Shah who ruled Iran after the Safavid Dynasty and captured the Mughal Dynasty’s Peacock Throne. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 20 - NYU + Johns Hopkins B | |
| tossup 80 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These men lived in the Quirinal Palace, and some consider Linus to be the first of these. One holder of this position moved its headquarters to Avignon, and another fought Henry IV in the Investiture Controversy. The son of one of these is discussed in The Prince, while another formed the League of Cambrai, was known as "the Warrior [This]", and had his tomb (*) designed by Michelangelo. Held by Rodrigo Borgia and Julius II, name this position currently held by Benedict XVI, the head of the Catholic Church. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 81 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A poem inspired by a visit to this present-day country notes that “maps can really point to places / Where life is evil now,” to substantiate its opening claim that “Here war is simple like a monument.” After visiting this country in 1934, Langston Hughes urged it to “Crush the enemies of land and bread and freedom,” in a poem beseeching it to “Roar!” A set of “sonnets from” this country were extracted the travel book Journey to a War, co-written by Christopher (*) Isherwood and W.H. Auden. A poet developed the “ideogrammic method” of composition while consulting notes on the prosody of this country written by art historian Ernest Fenollosa, allowing him to translate a poem urging its addressee to “please let me know beforehand” so that the speaker can “come out to meet you, / As far as Cho-fu-sa.” For 10 points, Ezra Pound’s volume Cathay contains translations by poets from what country, such as Li Po? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 It's Lit // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 82 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Methods for designing these devices include the Woodward-Lawson method, Orchard method, andSchelkunoff polynomial method. A former bible of these devices was written by John Kraus, whointroduced the helical and corner-reflector types of them. An important phenomenon that leads to powerloss in these devices is polarization mismatch. Effective area and directivity are two characteristics of thesedevices, whose important design parameters include the far-field pattern. The simplest example of thesedevices usually has its ends capacitively loaded to create a uniform current distribution; that simplestexample of these devices is the Hertzian dipole. These devices provide a transition between a guided waveand a free-space wave. For 10 points, identify these devices used to radiate and receive radio waves. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Open // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 83 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two answers required. A 12-day prison takeover in one of these countries began when inmates from the other country revolted, and was resolved by the negotiation of Weldon Kennedy. A mass exodus of citizens from one of these countries to the other began when a bus was intentionally crashed through a Peruvian embassy. One of these nations formed the secret army Operation 40 using exiles from the other nation. After one of these nations shot down two planes belonging to the group Brothers to the Rescue, the other retaliated with the Helms-Burton Act. In a Pulitzer Prize-winning photo, an agent from one of these countries points a submachine gun at a screaming child hiding in a closet. An ambassador to the UN from one of these nations demanded an answer from Valerian Zorin regarding existence of nuclear missiles in the other nation. One of these nations declared an embargo against the other after dictator Fulgencio Batista was overthrown. For 10 points, name these two countries, whose leaders Barack Obama and Raul Castro have recently worked to improve relations. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: Berkeley A | |
| tossup 84 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the last act of this play, one of its characters appears clean-shaven and well-dressed for the first time, but can’t choke out any coherent words. A character in this play is repeatedly surprised that people know what the fried bread she made is, and serves up cornflakes for breakfast until she runs out. In an interrogation in this play, another character is asked “is the number 846 necessary or possible?” and answers “both!” A character “knows” that she was the “belle of the ball” at the title event of this play, which Petey skipped to play chess, but which Goldberg and McCann were glad to attend. For 10 points, name this play in which Meg gives Stanley Webber a drum before the title celebration, by Harold Pinter. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 NASAT // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 85 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man called on the Southern Hemisphere to create “one, two, many Vietnams” in his Message to the Tricontinental. This man promoted “el Hombre Nuevo” as a way of breaking with outdated ideals of individualism. He is the subject of Alberto Korba’s (*) Guerillo Heroico. After leading armed revolution in the DRC he was eventually captured and shot by CIA hitmen in Bolivia. He had his first encounter with the poor on a motorcycle trip throughout South America. For 10 points, name this Argentine-born, beret-wearing co-leader of the Cuban Revolution. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 GSAC XXIII // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 86 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a novel set in this country, a refugee camp is left by Kainene to get supplies for her sister Olanna. In a play set here, the servant Joseph hates to look at the costumes at a costume ball. In this home of Half of a Yellow Sun author Chimamanda Adichie, a "praise-singer" talks to a local leader whose son commits ritual suicide despite colonial officer Simon Pilkings' efforts. The play Death and the King's Horseman is set in this country, as is a novel featuring the evangelist Mr. Brown, a failed yam harvest, and two boys killed in Umuofia by Okonkwo. For 10 points, name this home of Wole Soyinka, the African country where Chinua Achebe wrote Things Fall Apart. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 BHSAT // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 87 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Kenneth Westhues said this event was caused by "workplace mobbing" and disputed the conclusions of the Massengill Report. For his heroic actions in this event, Liviu Librescu was posthumously honored by Romania. It was carried out by the author of the plays Mr. Brownstone and Richard McBeef. For failing to promptly notify people about the beginning of this event, an institution was fined thousands under the Clery Act, a fine overturned in 2012 but partially reinstated by Arne Duncan. NBC News was criticized for airing the DVD manifesto this event's perpetrator sent to them. It was carried out by a mentally ill senior named Seung-Hui Cho. For 10 points, 32 people were killed in what 2007 mass shooting at an university in Blacksburg? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 NASAT // rd: 18 | |
| tossup 88 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One unsolved problem in finding the number of these shapes is named for Kobon Fujimura. This shape is commonly used to represent the first iteration of a Koch snowflake or a Sierpinski gasket. The sequence of numbers named for this shape is generated by adding consecutive natural numbers. The area of one of these shapes can be computed using Heron's formula, and its side lengths and angle measures can be found using the Law of Sines or Law of Cosines. Two of these can be proved to be similar by showing that two corresponding angles are congruent. Name these shapes whose interior angles add up to 180 degrees and which have three vertices. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NTSS // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 89 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: To solve integral equations, Fredholm generalized this function to operators of the form of the identity plus a trace-class operator. Because one is a regular value of this function, the Special Linear Group is a manifold. Solutions to a differential equation are linearly independent if there is a nonzero value for one of these functions called the Wronskian (“RON-skee-in”). For large inputs, this alternating (*) multilinear map can be computed using the Laplace expansion theorem, which requires finding cofactors and minors. Eigenvalues are computed by setting this function of the matrix “A minus lambda I” equal to zero and solving for lambda. A matrix A is singular if and only if this function of A is zero. For 10 points, name this quantity often expressed as “ad minus bc” for a two-by-two matrix. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 90 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One city with this name is the seat of Hampden County and contained an armory attacked by Shays' Rebellion. Wisconsin has five places with this name. The one of these north of Branson is the home of Missouri State University. A state capital with this name was the site where (*) Barack Obama announced his presidential campaign and also contains a home of Abraham Lincoln. For 10 points—give this name in common to the capital of Illinois and the TV setting of The Simpsons. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Philly Cheesteak // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 91 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character is introduced in the chapter "Father and Son," which has a fake epigraph stating "E sara mia colpa, Se cosi e?" While examining a piece of torn paper on a lectern, this character finds the words "The First Step" on one side, but is shocked to read about the execution of a man whose name is an anagram of his own on the other. In Strasbourg, this man receives a letter from his fiancé stating "All is lost!", which causes him to return home and hire a gunsmith to make a pair of pistols. Initially, this character gets a tutoring job for knowing the entire Biblein Latin by heart, but later gets kicked out of a school in Besançon for being a Jansenist. This character's lover, inspired by her martyred ancestor Boniface, kisses his severed head, and builds a marmoreal shrine for him. This worker for the Marquis de la Mole is guillotined for shooting Madame de Renal. For 10 points, name this tragic hero of The Red and the Black. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: Georgia Tech | |
| tossup 92 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This king and Malcolm III signed the Treaty of Abernathy, which declared Scotland as a fief to his kingdom. This husband of Matilda of Flanders destroyed much of Yorkshire in a campaign against Edgar Atheling, and began another campaign with a landing at Pevensey. Lands destroyed by this king’s (*) Harrying of the North appear in the survey of properties this king compiled into his Domesday Book. This king defeated a force of housecarls in the last battle of a campaign that began after the death of Edward the Confessor. For 10 points, name this Norman, who defeated Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings to take the English throne in 1066. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 LOGIC // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 93 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man defeated the Danish at the Battle of Køge and referred to his troops as “scum of the earth” after they broke rank to loot the retreating French army at the Battle of Vitoria. After a publisher blackmailed this man over the memoirs of Harriette Wilson, he said, (*) “Publish and be damned!” The Catholic Emancipation Act was passed while he was Prime Minister, and this man collaborated with Gebhard von Blucher’s forces to defeat Marshal Ney and end a “Hundred Days” that had begun with an escape from Elba. For 10 points, name this military commander and politician who defeated Napoleon Bonaparte at the Battle of Waterloo. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 94 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One participant in this event visited the boardinghouse of Mary Surratt, the first American woman executed. Aman was saved by his jaw splint from being stabbed to death by Lewis Powell while this event occurred. One of itsperpetrators uttered "useless, useless" before he was shot in a burning barn at Garrett's Farm. That man shouted"Sic semper tyrannis" while carrying out this action during a performance of Our American Cousin at Ford's Theatre.For 10 points, what event carried out by John Wilkes Booth led to the death of the sixteenth U.S. president? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Collegiate Novice // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 95 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this war, Alexander Smyth led a campaign which was abandoned after the battle of Frenchman’s Creek, and one battle during this war inspired a song set to the tune of “To Anacreon in Heaven.” The aforementioned campaign featured the defeat of Stephen Van Rensselaer and death of Isaac Brock at the Battle of Queenston (*) Heights. One commander in this war sent the message, “we have met the enemy and they are ours” after winning the Battle of Lake Erie. One battle in this war was fought after this war was resolved in the treaty of Ghent. For 10 points, name this war between Great Britain and the US that began in its namesake year. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 FACTS // rd: Ed 3 | |
| tossup 96 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The cryogenic version of this technique avoids crystallization while maintaining the true structure of the specimen. One variant of this technique uses uranyl acetate to produce negative stains, while another variant makes use of sputter-coating with gold. Ernst Ruska first developed this technique, and his brother Helmut was the first to visualize (*) bacteriophages using this technique. The two most common variants of this technique are the scanning and transmission types. For 10 points, name this type of microscopy that uses a beam of the title particles rather than light to closely visualize smaller-than-cellular substances. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 HFT X // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 97 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One derivation of this relation named for Robertson uses expectation values of Hermitian operators. Mandelshtam and Tamm derived a corollary of this statement which multiplies the variance of time with the variance of energy, a term which is greater than or equal to the reduced Planck constant over 2. According to this law, electrons of known velocity passing through a slit would result in a probability distribution rather than a single position as classical mechanics predicts. For 10 points, name this quantum principle which asserts the impossibility of perfect measurement of both a particle's position and its momentum. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Prison Bowl // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 98 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An author with this surname wrote a poem that states “Monody shall not wake the mariner” and also wrote a long poem with sections such as “Powhatan’s Daughter.” In a story by an author with this surname, the drunkard Scratchy Wilson spares Jack Potter because he’s no longer a bachelor. In another story by that author, the correspondent crawls onto a beach only to find Billie the oiler dead. A protagonist created by an author with this surname (*) travels with the “tattered man” and, with Wilson and Jim Conklin, prepares for battle in its first scene. For 10 points, give this surname of the author of “The Open Boat” and The Red Badge of Courage. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Maryland Fall // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 99 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Wrangling over who would get this position was the subject of the presidential quote "Clear it with Sidney," referring to union leader Sidney Hillman. The so-called "Second Missouri Compromise" led to the successful replacement of a man in this position, replacing a person who gave the "Century of the Common Man" speech with a protégé of Boss Tom Pendergast. A Texan known as "Cactus Jack" claimed this post was (*) "not worth a bucket of warm piss." After serving as Speaker of the House, John Nance Garner took this position in 1933, while Henry Wallace held it from 1941 to 1945 when he was replaced after the 1944 election. For 10 points, name this position held by Harry Truman during the fourth term of Franklin Roosevelt. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 MUT // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 100 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: McDougall et al. developed a global algorithm to estimate this quantity's "absolute" form, which is used with the TEOS-10 standard. It's not refractive index, but handheld devices for measuring this quantity are often calibrated using a specific gravity reference value of 1.0264. Gradients in temperature and this quantity drive the Meridional Overturning Circulation. This quantity's "practical" form has a typical value of thirty-five and is defined as the ratio of the (*) conductivity of a given sample to that of a reference solution of potassium chloride. This quantity increases dramatically when traveling from the tidal limit of a river to the mouth of an estuary. For 10 points, identify this quantity that remains constant along isohaline lines and measures the concentration of dissolved ions in seawater. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 "stanford housewrite" // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 101 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity can be calculated for water with the Arden Buck equation, which is a recent improvement over the Goff-Gratch equation. Thermogravimetry can be used to calculate this value for solids, and it is related to the molar volume, surface tension, and droplet radius in the Kelvin equation. Another equation relates two values of this quantity to the enthalpy of vaporization and temperature, and is named for Clausius and Clayperon, while this value is modified by mole fractions of species in solution in Raoult's Law. For 10 points, name this measure of a liquid's tendency to evaporate, which, when it exceeds atmospheric pressure, results in boiling. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Regionals // rd: Yale A | |
| tossup 102 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this work is mistaken for Nathoo and adopted by Messua and her husband. This work and its same-named "Second" version were written while the author lived in Vermont. Each episode in this collection is followed by a poem or song, such as "Darzee's Chant" and "The Law for the Wolves." In order to save a boy named Teddy, a character in this collection kills Nag and Nagaina, two cobras. "Toomai of the Elephants" and "Kaa's Hunting" are two stories in this collection. For 10 points, name this collection of stories also including "Rikki-Tikki-Tavi" and several tales about Mowgli, written by Rudyard Kipling. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Brookwood Invitational Scholars Bowl // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 103 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these objects titles a story whose narrator remembers the phrase "the best place to hide a leaf is in a forest" while seeking to rid himself of one that had been acquired from a Scotsman "on the outskirts of Bikanir." A fictional one of these things is the subject of the story "The Approach to Al'Mutasim." A month's pension and a blackletter Wycliffe Bible are traded for one of these things by a man who becomes obsessed with it. Another story describes highly sought-after ones called the (*) Vindications, as well as Purifiers who destroy many of them. Examples of these things in that story include Axaxaxas mlö and The Combed Thunderclap, which are among the millions of them stored in hexagonal rooms. For 10 points, name these objects, the contents of "The Library of Babel." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 104 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote a work in which the Duke and Duchess of Falvertoon are getting divorced but go on strike during the proceedings, and also wrote of a bachelor who was able to quiet a group of children by explaining how Bertha, a "horribly good" girl, was devoured by a wolf. This author of "The Unkindest Blow" and "The Storyteller" wrote about two rivals stuck under a (*) tree who end a feud by becoming friends before seeing a pack of wolves. The title character kills Mrs. de Ropp and is worshipped by Conradin in a work about a pole-cat ferret by this author who also wrote a work in which Mr. Sappleton and his dog are thought to be ghosts by Mr. Nuttel who then runs away. For 10 points, name this author of "The Interlopers," "Sredni Vashtar," and "The Open Window." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 105 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Materials of this type made from carbon reflect only 0.3 percent of radiation in the infrared spectrum making them useful solar heat collectors and superfluid helium-3 is often suspended within this type of substance in order to create anisotropic superfluids. A variety of this substance made from alumina are being used to capture cosmic debris in NASA's Stardust experiment. This material was first created in 1931 by(*) Samuel Kestler by increasing temperature and dropping pressure to evacuate fluids in a process called supercritical drying. The porous structure of this substance makes it a powerful desiccant and it holds the record for having the greatest amount of thermal insulation of any known material. It is often referred to as solid smoke. For 10 points, identify this type of material, a suspension consisting of a solid containing more than ninety percent air by volume. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Illinois Open // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 106 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote a novel in which the actress Charlie helps Martin Kurtz track down a Palestinian terrorist named Khalil. In another novel by this author, Liz is brought to testify at a tribunal on the pretext that she is being invited to a special meeting of the Communist Party. In that novel, Alec Leamas unwittingly helps take down Fiedler, thinking he is actually helping to take down Mundt, and allows himself to be shot instead of jumping over the Berlin Wall. Peter Guillam appears in that novel, as well as this in author's so-called Karla Trilogy. Another of this author's recurring characters, who works for an organization called "the Circus," is George Smiley. For 10 points, name this author of espionage novels like Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy and The Spy Who Came in from the Cold. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Regionals // rd: Michigan State - Waterloo A | |
| tossup 107 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One speaker in this poem commands "O plunge your hands in water, plunge them in up to the wrist; stare, stare in the basin and wonder what you've missed." Its narrator describes the crowds he encounters as "fields of harvest wheat." The twelfth of this poem's fifteen quatrains invokes a nursery rhyme locale where "beggars raffle the banknotes and the Giant is enchanting to Jack." One speaker discusses a time when "the ocean is folded and hung up to dry and the seven stars go squawking like geese about the sky." This poem, which ends by noting that "the deep river ran on," takes the form of a dialogue between a man and the (*) "clock in the city," which begin to whirr and chime as he speaks. The narrator of this poem hears a lover declare "I'll love you, dear, I'll love you till China and Africa meet" after doing the title action "down Bristol Street." For 10 points, name this poem by W.H. Auden with an ambulatory narrator. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Gorilla Lit // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 108 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the introduction to this poem, the author writes that it is set in a land with “ten miles of fertile ground” that were “inclosed within a wall.” In a psychoanalytic reading of this poem, Robert Graves suggests that the author wrote this poem as a “serene refuge” to separate himself from a “woman wailing for her demon-lover.” This poem’s speaker asks “Could I revive within me / Her symphony and song?” after having a vision of an (*) “Abyssinian maid” and the dulcimer that “she played.” This poem, which describes a “sunless sea” and measureless “caverns,” is incomplete due to the “Person from Porlock.” It begins with the title character in a “stately pleasure-dome” in Xanadu. For 10 points, name this poem titled for an Emperor of China by Samuel Taylor Coleridge. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: Packet 07 | |
| tossup 109 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two members of this profession killed the taxi driver David Wilkie by dropping a 46-pound block of concrete on his head. Mark Ashton's LGBT alliance organized a benefit concert for members of this profession. Ernest Bevin lends his name to a group of young men conscripted to work in this profession during World War II. Members of this profession protested after (*) Edward Heath's Conservative government implemented the "Three-Day Week." Neil Kinnock's father was one of many members of this profession who worked in Welsh cities like Tredegar. The NUM led several strikes of these workers, including a year-long one led by Arthur Scargill against the Margaret Thatcher government. For 10 points, name this profession responsible for extracting a major fossil fuel. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MLK // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 110 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This modern-day country is thought to be the home of a real-life tribe called the Blemmyes, who frequently allied with the Nobadae to attack the Romans. Several queens with the title kandake ruled in what is now this country, which contains the site of Kerma and what was the capital of King Piye. This country, whose site of Old Dongola was the capital of the Makurian kingdom, contains the ruins of Napata and (*) Meroe. This modern-day country takes its name from an Arabic term meaning "Land of the Blacks." Rulers of a kingdom based in what is now this country established the 25th dynasty; that kingdom eventually fell to the invasion of neighboring Axum. For 10 points, name this modern-day country, home to the Nubian kingdom that controlled the fork of the Blue and White Nile. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Penn Bowl // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 111 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One leader of this country allegedly hid in a bathroom at the UN to avoid shaking Bill Clinton's hand. The international organization CENTO dissolved after this country's withdrawal. The US-funded People's Mujahideen are a leftist militant group active mostly in this country. The USS Vincennes shot down an airliner from this country in 1988 and this country was the target of Operation (*) Ajax. The newspaper Al-Shiraa is best known for exposing covert US arms sales to this country. Operation Eagle Claw targeted this country, and Oliver North was put on trial for facilitating arms shipments to this country. This country's decision to release 52 prisoners en masse on the day of Reagan's inauguration has been the subject of conspiracy theories. For 10 points, name this country that held American citizens in a US embassy for over a year in its "hostage crisis." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Spartan Housewrite // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 112 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This provision was divided into a “prefatory” and thus ancillary section and an “operative” section according to Antonin Scalia, and its application is limited only to “law-abiding, responsible citizens” according to John Paul Stevens, who argued from the word “well-regulated” in its first clause. This provision was incorporated against the states in McDonald v. Chicago, a year after the ruling in DC v. Heller that this amendment guaranteed an individual right. For 10 points, name this Constitutional amendment which prevents infringement of the “right of the people to keep and bear arms.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 BHSAT // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 113 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: At one point in this novel, a would-be highwayman with an unloaded pistol botches his first robbery, but the victim gives him two guineas anyway. Its protagonist beats up Ensign Northerton shortly after listening to the life story of the Man of the Hill. A character in this novel is interrupted while reading Thomas Southerne’s The Fatal Marriage by Lord Fellamar, who attempts to ravish her as part of a scheme arranged by Lady Bellaston. Its protagonist refuses to reveal that (*) Black George was with him when he shot a partridge, an offense that resulted in a beating from Mr. Thwackum, who like the tutor Square favors the protagonist’s rival Master Blifil. For 10 points, name this novel in which the title ward of Squire Allworthy eventually marries Sophia Western, a work of Henry Fielding. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 MUT // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 114 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: . An odd mapping of this construct to Euclidean n-space maps a pair of points to the same point by the Borsuk-Ulam theorem. Even-dimensional ones have no non-vanishing continuous tangent vector field. The Möbius transformation is a stereographic projection from the plane to this construct and back. This shape is packed optimally in twenty-four dimensions by the Leech lattice and in three dimensions by a (*) hexagonal-close packed lattice. The sum of the angles of a triangle on one of these is greater than 180 degrees, and the variables theta, phi, and r represent the coordinate system named for them. For 10 points, name these figures whose volume is four thirds pi times radius cubed. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 115 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This property can be induced by spiral spin ordering in magnetically frustrated materials. The eponymous Burns temperature along with nanoclusters and a neutral matrix are seen in the relaxor type of materials with this property. Materials with this property are often classified as either hydrogen-bonded or double oxides. The sensitivity of this property to strain is explained by Landau-Devonshire theory for (*) poled bulk materials. The hysteresis associated with this property can be measured via a Sawyer-Tower circuit. Non-volatile RAM named after this can be made with a thin film of PZT, or lead zirconate titanate, a perovskite with this property. All materials with this property are both piezoelectric and pyroelectric, and the first discovered material with this property was Rochelle salt. For 10 points, name this property not seen above the Curie point and possessed by materials whose electric polarization is reversed by an electric field. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Chicago Open // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 116 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A version of this play adds an argument with a nurse over the dog Puff and a woman who sits knitting sweaters throughout the play before going to her room to kill herself. Upon entering, a character in this play gives a speech beginning "My countrymen, the ship of state is safe." In this play, a sentry describes seeing a mysterious whirlwind, and then catching sight of the (*) protagonist after the dust settles. In both this play and the update of it written by Jean Anouilh ("ah-NOO-ee") during the Vichy regime, Haemon stabs himself after finding the hanging body of the protagonist in a cavelike tomb. In this play, Ismene's sister violates the orders of Creon by performing burial rites for Polyneices. For 10 points, name this Sophocles play titled for the daughter of Oedipus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Terrapin // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 117 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this author's first Pulitzer Prize-winning work, the Generalissimo orders the execution of Corporal Zsettslani ("SET-slah-nee"). His second Pulitzer-winning novel revolves around Lucius Priest, a resident of Yoknapatawpha ("YOCK-NAH-puh-TAH-fuh") County. This author wrote novels about Thomas Sutpen and about the death of Addie Bundren. For 10 points, name this American author of Absalom! Absalom!, As I Lay Dying, and The Sound and the Fury. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: CMST_Round04.pdf | |
| tossup 118 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man’s birth was predicted by a left-handed seer wearing a shirt decorated with shells. Nine witches stole from this man’s garden so that they would have an excuse to kill him for abusing old ladies, but supported him instead after he offered them any food they wanted. This man is hated by his father’s wife Sassouma Berete, causing him to go into exile. This man was lame as a child, but finally stood after using a cane of a thick iron rod, which his weight bent into a bow. This man’s mother Sogolon was an extremely ugly woman who had previously lived as a (*) buffalo. He defeated an enemy by shooting him with a white cock’s spur. This “lion child” defeated the sorcerer Soumaoro Kante and founded a kingdom whose rulers were called mansa. For 10 points, name this legendary hero based on the historical founder of the Mali empire. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Penn Bowl // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 119 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Pencil and paper ready. This number times π is the volume of a solid formedby rotating the area between the curve y = 1 , the y-axis and the lines y = 1x ́∞1and y = 2 about the y-axis. This number is equal to dx. This number 2 √ 1 x3times 5 is equal to the derivative at x = 1 of x + x. This number is equal to 4 −1 the determinant of the inverse matrix of −2 1 . The inverse hyperboliccosine of twice this number is zero, and sin π is equal to this number. For ten 6points, identify this number, equal to the probability of rolling an odd number on a single regular die. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Math Monstrosity // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 120 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man ended the Kalmar War with the Treaty of Knared, and he outgunned enemy tercio formations in one battle, defeating the Count of Tilly. He signed the Treaty of Stolbovo with Michael Romanov, and Gustav Horn and John Banér took command of his army after his death. Axel Oxenstierna became regent after this victor of the Battle of Breitenfeld was killed during a cavalry charge at the Battle of Lutzen. For 10 points, name this "Lion of the North," a Swedish King who invaded Germany during the Thirty Years War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 121 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one action during this conflict, Charles Hamilton captured eleven men and shot five of them in a ditch near the town of Marais des Cygnes. One player in this conflict rescued two of his sons at the Battle of Black Jack and built a series of barricades after the shooting of Charles Dow led to the Wakarusa War and the death of Thomas Barber. Governor John Geary attempted to end this conflict, which earlier saw the construction of Camp Sacket to hold antagonists like former governor Charles Robinson prisoner. The Wyandotte Constitution was passed three years after the sack of Lawrence, which prompted a massacre in Pottawatomie. Disagreement over the Lecompton Constitution sparked this conflict, which was engaged by Border Ruffians from Missouri and the followers of John Brown. For 10 points, name this extended period of antebellum violence in a Midwestern state. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 VCU Open (Saturday) // rd: The Finals 1.doc | |
| tossup 122 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A member of this minority group, economist Ilham Tohti, was imprisoned in 2014 on charges of separatism. Following a 2009 clash between members of this minority group and police, the city of Kashgar was turned into a Special Economic Zone. November 2018 reports indicated that the homes of these people were being occupied in the “Pair Up and Become (*) Family” program. These people live in a region they call East Turkestan. Since 2014, as many as one million of them have been relocated to internment camps throughout the Xinjiang Autonomous Region. For 10 points, give the religion of the persecuted Uighur minority in China. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 BHSAT // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 123 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a folk custom from this city called “bitchy Lucia,” a man would cross-dress, wear blackface, and dance while a crowd screamed obscenities at him. Louis the Great of Hungary failed in an attempt to claim this city after his army was struck by the Black Death. A revolt led by Masaniello led to the declaration of a republic in this city in 1647. Gian Rinaldo Montaldeschi was executed for revealing a plan by Cardinal Mazarin and Queen Christina of Sweden to gain the throne of this city. A dynastic crisis in this city began after the death of Ferrante, the illegitimate son of Alfonso V of Aragon. The Battle of Fornovo took place during a campaign whose goal was taking this city, launched by Charles VIII of France in 1494. For 10 points, name this city that served as the capital of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 NASAT // rd: 19 | |
| tossup 124 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man patronized the photographer Edward S. Curtis but refused to be publicly photographed due to his severe rosacea. Several of this man's associates blamed his death on the pressure of testifying before the Pujo committee. This man was accused of profiteering on the sale of rifles to the Union Army in the Hall Carbine Affair. This man refused to supply additional funds to Tesla's Wardenclyffe tower, leading to the tower being mothballed. The Northern Securities case broke up a railway conglomerate formed by this man, E. H. Harriman and James J. Hill. This man formed the first billion dollar corporation, U.S. Steel, after buying out Andrew Carnegie. For 10 points, name this American financier who helped to overcome the Panic of 1907, the namesake of a major investment bank that merged with Chase. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 NASAT // rd: 17 | |
| tossup 125 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One transformation between two related encodings of this type of data multiplies the cube root of a ratio of inputs by 116 and then subtracts 16. They are contained in McAdam ellipses. Values of this are interpolated by means of I values in the Gouraud algorithm. One way to encode these is CIE XYZ, Ways of expressing them are often visualized through cubes, cones, and (*) circles. When reproducing these, one of their components is changed through gamma correction. They are encoded through three bytes written as a six digit hexadecimal representation in applications like web-pages. Encodings of this can be additive or subtractive and the two most common encodings are HSV and RGB. For 10 points, name this type of data, examples of which include celadon, cyan, and purple. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Missiles of October // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 126 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Bioleaching of iron and copper with Thiobacillus results in the production of metal ions and this substance. In electrowinning of copper, the electrodes are placed in a solution of this substance. Reaction of this substance with sodium or potassium chloride is used to produce hydrogen chloride in the Mannheim process. This substance is added to phosphate containing rocks in the (*) “wet method” of phosphoric acid production. The lead chamber process for producing this substance was superseded by a process using a vanadium oxide catalyst, called the contact process. This substance is the electrolyte in lead-acid batteries. Oil of vitriol is, for 10 points, an old name of what strong acid, the most produced industrial chemical, with formula H2SO4? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 WAO II // rd: 16 | |
| tossup 127 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This woman complains that her "proportioned, spiritless poems" are published "away in brutish London, for a hollow crown" in a 52-stanza sequence that tells her "Simon will listen while you read a song." This author's major work contains a section discussing the "four monarchies," and a poem that begins by noting "all may judge" the "errors" of the title "ill-formed (*) offspring of my feeble brain." This poet, the subject of an "Homage" by John Berryman, wrote "If ever two were one, then surely we" in a poem addressed to her "dear and loving husband." For 10 points, name this 17th-century poet who wrote "Verses upon the Burning of our House" and the book The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 128 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this work reveals that he used to walk around with rubber balls in his hands and horse chestnuts and crab apples in his cheeks because he wanted apple cheeks, while another character in this work retorts, "I'd rather have peanut brittle crumbs on my face than flies in my eyes" after assuring another character that he didn't see flies in his eyes. In addition to Orr, Havermeyer, and Appleby, one character in this work is informed of a promotion while playing basketball and later jumps out of his office window to avoid talking to a character who received a medal naked and who asks, "where are the Snowdens of yesteryear?" For 10 points, name this work about Major Major Major, Doc Daneeka, Chief White Halfoat, and Yossarian, a novel by Joseph Heller. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Chipola Lit + Fine Arts // rd: 5.doc | |
| tossup 129 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the penultimate section of "Stalking the Billion-Footed Beast," Tom Wolfe cites an anecdote in which this writer discovers that a horse used by miners has lived in the mines its whole life. This writer called for novelists to test, and not assert, their personal sentiments in an essay that applies Claude Bernard's theoriesof physiology to literature. He calls his enemies "mere entities, agents of harm to society" in a work that dares his opponents to try him in court, followed by the statement "I am waiting." This author of The ExperimentalNovel praised a leader for securing an alliance with (*) Russia and planning the 1900 World's Fair in a work thatwas published by the newspaper L'Aurore. That work by this author was addressed to Félix Faure and contrasts the guilt of Ferdinand Esterhazy with the innocence of a man who was sent to Devil's Island. For 10 points, name this French author who charged the government with anti-Semitism in the Dreyfus affair in his article J'accuse…! | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 "stanford housewrite" // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 130 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: G. Harrold Carswell’s Supreme Court nomination was sabotaged when a Nebraska senator of this ethnicity claimed that “mediocre judges… and people” like him were entitled to representation on the court. Members of this ethnicity frequently settled in industrial suburbs like Hamtramck (“ham-TRAM-ick”), Michigan, and Parma, Ohio. A probably-intersex Revolutionary War hero of this ethnicity died leading a cavalry charge at the Battle of (*) Savannah and names a holiday celebrated mostly in Chicago. Many people of this ethnicity flocked to the United States after the January Uprising. With Irish and Italian-Americans, people of this ethnicity constituted the majority of so-called “white ethnics” who largely switched from the Democratic to the Republican Party in the 1970s. For 10 points, give this ethnicity of Tadeusz Kościuszko (“ta-DAY-oosh kosh-CHOOSH-ko”) and Casimir Pulaski. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 131 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Journalist John Dinges survived this initiative, which he claimed "brought terrorism to three continents" in a 2003 book. The murder of Hugo Banzer set back this initiative, which began two years after the Villa Grimaldi complex opened for use in interrogations. A disclosed diplomatic cable from Robert E. White revealed that this plan made use of a tele-communications channel built by the United States. In Washington, DC, a far-flung part of its "Phase III" targeted Orlando Letelier, a particular nuisance to the DINA agency led by School of the Americas alum Manuel Contreras. This campaign expanded into the "Dirty War" in Jorge Videla's Argentina. For 10 points, name this covert operation in which dictators ring-led by Agusto Pinochet suppressed and killed South American leftists. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Regionals // rd: Bellarmine HS + Columbia A + Louisiana-Lafayette | |
| tossup 132 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Zaslo discovered antimicrobial peptides called magainins in this organism, which enable them to close wounds withoutinfection or inflflammation. Experiments in which this organism's eye was excised, rotated 180 degrees, and then placed back in,resulting in it chasing food sources in exactly the wrong direction, led Roger Sperry to propose the chemoafinity hypothesis.P.D. Nieuwkoop used an animal cap assay to determine that cells in the vegetal hemisphere of this organism induced the formationof the mesoderm, leading to the discovery shortly thereaftfter of the TGF-beta family. This organism's females ovulatedwithin hours of being injected with hCG-rich urine, leading Lancelot Hogben to develop his pregnancy test. This organism'sutility is limited by its long generation time and pseudotetraploidy, which is why the tropicalis species is sometimes used instead.This animal is attractive to researchers because of its large embryos. For 10 points, name this popular developmentalmodel organism, a frog. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Nationals // rd: Michigan | |
| tossup 133 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A singer who was prevented from performing in this country wrote the song “Special Train to Pankow” criticizing the decision. This country attempted to solve its systemic coffee shortage by financing the Vietnamese coffee industry in the 1980s. Many senior officials in this country lived on an elliptical street named for Vladimir Mayakovsky. Women who were formerly citizens of this country have launched legal actions over the use of drugs such as Jenapharm’s Oral-Turinabol as part of its State Plan 14.25. Many children in this country joined the Thälmann Pioneers before graduating to the FDJ. SED member Manfred Ewald organised state-sponsored doping in this country at the SV Dynamo sports club where it was often overseen by the Stasi. For 10 points, name this country that erected the Berlin Wall. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 NASAT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 134 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In organophosphorus chemistry, a series of values known as the Kabachnik parameters can be used to calculate this quantity. A form of this quantity can be calculated from the effective charge squared divided by the covalent radius, while another form is the average of the energies of the valence electrons of an atom. Differences in it cause trifluoroacetic acid to be much more acidic than acetic acid due to an inductive effect. It was predicted to be the average of ionization energy and electron affinity by Mulliken. Fluorine possesses the highest value of it at 3.98. For 10 points, name this ability of an atom to attract electrons. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Fall // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 135 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one novella by this author, a female character is advised by her friends to stain her sheets with Mercurochrome on her wedding night so her husband will think she is a virgin. That woman, Angela Vicario, reveals to her brothers that Santiago Nasar deflowered her. In another of this author’s novels, a Sanskrit manuscript reveals that the last member of a familial line is “being eaten by (*) ants.” This author created the character Melquiades [mel-kai-uh-dees], who introduces novelties such as ice to the village of Macondo in this man’s most famous novel. For 10 points, name this Colombian author of Chronicle of a Death Foretold and One Hundred Years of Solitude. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 LOGIC // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 136 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The ruling in this court case is called to be overruled in the lone dissent in Coppage v. Kansas. A dissent in this case cited the need for "a plain, palpable invasion of rights" to justify the "power of the courts to review legislative action." Henry Weismann argued for the defendant in this case, which overturned the earlier ruling of Holden v. Hardy and upheld the result of Allgeyer v. Louisiana. A dissent in this case cites "Sunday laws and usury laws" as examples of accepted state action that contradicts this case's ruling, which was delivered by Rufus (*) Peckham. West Coast Hotel v. Parrish ended a period of pro-employer judicial decisions known as this case's "era." A dissent from this case states that "the Fourteenth Amendment does not enact Mr. Herbert Spencer's Social Statics" and was written by Justice Holmes. For 10 points, name this 1905 Supreme Court case that overturned a law limiting the working hours of bakers in New York. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WAO // rd: Duke | |
| tossup 137 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Among the byproducts of this process are MSG and the artificial butter flavoring diacetyl [die-uh-SEE-tul]. Eduard Büchner received the 1907 Nobel Prize for extracting the enzymes that perform this process, which regenerates the two NAD+ molecules needed to sustain glycolysis. Commercially important genera that perform this process include Saccharomyces and Lactobacillus, and the Pasteur effect explains how oxygen inhibits this process. There are lactic acid and alcohol pathways for what anaerobic process used to make foods like yogurt, sauerkraut, and wine? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NTSS // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 138 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel’s first chapter, a woman gives birth in “The Paulownia Court” to a character who later marries a girl named after the wisteria flower. After a character in this novel reads a poem that ends, “May lavender, the hue of the troth, be as fast,” another character marries the daughter of the Minister of the Left. The title character of this novel is often addressed with the epithet (*) “Shining.” The death of this novel’s title character is implied by a blank chapter titled “Vanished Into the Clouds.” Lady Aoi (ah-OH-ee) is one of the many romantic partners of this novel’s title prince. For 10 points, name this 11th century novel by Lady Murasaki Shikibu. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 CALISTO // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 139 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity is the denominator in the formula for reluctance, and this quantity can be calculated by taking a line integral of the magnetic vector potential. The line integral of the electric field around a closed loop is equal to the negative change in this quantity with respect to time according to Faraday's law of induction. According to Gauss's law for magnetism, this quantity is equal to zero for a closed surface, and this quantity is equal to the dot product of magnetic field and area. Measured in webers, For 10 points, name this measure of the strength of the magnetic field through a surface. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 140 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Trapped molecules are ubiquitinated by a namesake quality control complex bound to these structures. Toeprinting and a namesake profiling assay often arrest these organelles with cycloheximide. Macrolides and aminoglycosides (uh-MEE-no-GLY-kuh-sydes) inhibit these organelles, which have an exit tunnel in which nascent-chain compaction occurs. eIF's are responsible for recruiting the parts of this organelle to the Kozak consensus sequence, and the signal recognition particle targets their products to translocons in the ER. In eukaryotes, they contain a 40S and 60S subunit, and also have A, P, and E sites that tRNA cycle through during translation of an mRNA. For 10 points, name these organelles that synthesize proteins. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 NASAT // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 141 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author contributed a volume on The Birds to the BFI Film Classics line of books about films. Shedubs Russell Brand an "epicene roué" in a 2012 column which criticizes "manic cyborg cheerleader" KatyPerry and Taylor Swift for being uninteresting feminist role models. She put together a poetry anthologywith her own commentary entitled Break, Blow, Burn. In her major work, this author claims that"Patriarchy, routinely blamed for everything, produced the birth control pill, which did more to freecontemporary women than feminism itself," and that Egypt was the only society which properly unitedmale reason with the female connection to the "chthonic." For 10 points, name this author who examined"Art and Decadence From Nefertiti to Emily Dickinson" in her treatise Sexual Personae. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Open // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 142 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a novel by this author, Abe Loeb and Sweetiepie Li visit a lagoon on their yacht, the Gloria Pickford. He satirized Nazi Germany in a play in which Dr. Galen cures a disease which only affects people over 45. In one of his novels, the creation of a revolutionary form of energy has the unintended side effect of producing a spiritual substance called the "absolute." This author of The White Disease wrote a novel in which G. H. Bondy exploits the title animals, which are discovered by Captain van Toch. In his most famous play, Helena meets with Fabry and Dr. Gall as a representative of the League of Humanity and advocates freeing the title beings, who eventually rise up and kill all the humans except Alquist. For 10 points, name this Czech author who wrote War with the Newts and coined the word "robot" in his play R.U.R. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Michigan Fall Tournament // rd: Editors8 | |
| tossup 143 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 4. This man claims that he saw, at a Christmas Eve mass, a blue-skinned six-foot-eight “half bull, half man” that had violets growing out of its eyelids. After describing how his commission for a large flag resulted in a banner emblazoned with a “Tibetan swastika” that horrified everyone who saw it, this man tells the story of three friends who pretended to bury him alive on Halloween in Montauk. He details his obsession with The Little Prince and spiritual quests to the Sahara, Tibet, India, and Findhorn after recounting how Jerzy Grotowski invited him to Poland to preside over a “beehive.” This man frequently mentions his wife, (*) Chiquita, and claims that modern life forces people to live in an “insane dream world” in a film that ends with his interlocutor taking a cab back to his apartment to discuss the conversation with Deborah Eisenberg. For 10 points, what theater director does Wallace Shawn dine with in a film titled “My Dinner with” this man? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open Trash // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 144 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An underlying mechanism for one type of this process is modeled by the Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller model. The most important model organism for this process is the three-spined stickleback. That mechanism is increased by "reinforcement", or the Wallace effect. Ernst Mayr proposed another type of this process after mapping the ranges of birds in New Guinea. Gould and Eldredge built on Mayr's theory when proposing that this process occurred during short periods in punctuated equilibrium. The two most common examples of this process result from reduction in gene flow or geographic isolation and are sympatric and allopatric. For 10 points, identify this process by which new species arise. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Michigan Fall Tournament // rd: Editors9 | |
| tossup 145 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The quantization of this quantity was first demonstrated by the Little-Parks effect, andAbrikosov vortices are sometimes named for the fact that they contain a quantum of this quantity.The inverse of the quantum of this quantity is equal to the Josephson constant. This quantity is equalto the line integral of the vector potential around a boundary. Type II superconductors have theability to pin lines of this quantity. The negative time derivative of this quantity is equal to theinduced (*) emf according to Faraday's Law, and this quantity can be given as the dot product of themagnetic field with the surface area. For 10 points, name this quantity which gives the amount of magneticfield passing through a given area. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 22 | |
| tossup 146 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This compound is often used to selectively protect syn 1,2-diols in carbohydrate chemistry. This compound reacts with two equivalents of phenol to form the polycarbonate precursor bisphenol A. Chaim Weizmann [“KHA-eem VYTES-mon”] developed a process for producing (*) butanol, ethanol, and this compound by fermentation of carbohydrates. This is the preferred solvent for the Jones oxidation. The reaction of molecular oxygen with isopropyl benzene generates phenol and this compound in the Hock process. This compound and dry ice are combined to make a bath at negative-78 degrees Celsius. It is frequently used to clean glassware. For 10 points, name this simplest ketone often used in nail polish remover. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 SMT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 147 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote a satirical pamphlet from the point of view of a Church of England official, asking for complete suppression of Non-Conformists in The Shortest Way with the Dissenters. The title character of one of his novels accidentally marries her own half-brother in Virginia, after being released from Newgate Prison for being pregnant. The protagonist of another of his novels founds a plantation in Brazil, after escaping from a Moor who enslaved him. That character, based on Alexander Selkirk, is shipwrecked in a later journey, which sees him rescue a native from cannibals, whom he dubs Friday. For 10 points, name this author of Moll Flanders and Robinson Crusoe. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 BHSAT // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 148 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Ferdinand I of this region defeated Bermudo III of another region, merging those two regions together. A ruler dubbed "the Cruel" from this region engaged in a conflict with his neighbor called the War of the Two Peters. Alfonso VIII hailed from here; he was the victorious commander at Las Navas de Tolosa, which led to the downfall of this region's Kingdom of Toledo. This was the home region of the mother of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Joanna the Mad. This region was united with Aragon when its queen married Ferdinand II. For 10 points, name this historical region that today is paired with La Mancha or Leon (lay-OWN), the home of Isabella. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 MUT // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 149 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One variety of this mineral is named for DeWitt Clinton, and is an example of the "brittle" variety of this mineral. The soft phengite is a component of schist, while another variety, isinglass, is found in old wooden stoves. Interference patterns can help to detect another example of this mineral, as a characteristic "bird's eye" extinction pattern is produced. In addition to (*) muscovite, another member of this class of phylosilicates contains a significant amount of argon to be used for radioactive dating. These minerals are frequently used for electrical and thermal insulation due to their high dielectric strength. Biotite and lepidolite are additional examples of, FTP, what class of shiny aluminum silicates known for exhibiting perfect basal cleavage? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ANGST // rd: Ottawa Britney | |
| tossup 150 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Several reforms to this system were suggested by the Romanow commission, including asking Infoway to create a database. Certain provisions of this system were challenged in the Chaoulli case, and so-called P3 institutions are only partially within this system. Emmett Matthew Hall chaired two commissions responsible for developing and reforming it. A smaller version of this program was launched by Woodrow Lloyd after Baron Taylor negotiated the end of a strike; that program was developed by (*) Tommy Douglas. This program was launched when the HIDS act was extended by the government of Lester Pearson, who wanted it available to people "irrespective of their ability to pay". For 10 points, name this single-payer system which runs facilities like the Ottawa Hospital. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 151 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The radiation emitted by the gaseous form of this element penetrates gas clouds at 1420 megahertz and has a characteristic 21cm wavelength. The Fischer-Tropp process entails converting a mixture of carbon monoxide and this element into usable energy. The stretches of bonds of carbon and this element show up at 2850 to 2950 in infrared spectra. When this element acquires a negative charge, it can be used to reduce carbonyl groups and carboxylic acids. This element is often produced when zinc is combined with hydrochloric acid. Some isotopes of this element include tritium and deuterium. For 10 points, name the first element on the periodic table. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 ACF Fall // rd: UCSD and Berkeley.doc | |
| tossup 152 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Hadamard introduced the "narrow sense" of this principle, and Kirchoff used an obliquity factor to eliminate its retrogressive implications. It only holds for an odd number of spatial dimensions, as this allows for higher order terms to vanish in the polar wave equation. It was modified to include superposition, which allowed it to explain diffraction, by Fresnel, and its namesake showed how it explained Snell's Law. For 10 points, name this principle that says every point on a propagating wavefront produces secondary wavelets which comprise the envelope of the wave, named for the Dutch physicist whose eponymous probe split from the Cassini to land on Titan in 2004. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Regionals // rd: Irvine | |
| tossup 153 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The sudden transition between two different mechanisms of this process is illustrated on the Nakiyama curve and is sometimes called this namesake process' "crisis." The entropy of this process is equal to approximately ten point five times the ideal gas constant according to Trouton's (TROW-tonz) rule. One device used to affect this chemical process contains a motor that rotates a flask containing the sample; that apparatus is used for (*) solvent removal. Nucleation during this process can cause a rapid expulsion of substance out of the tube in a process called bumping, which can be prevented by porous granules called chips. The temperature at which this occurs is elevated by the addition of solute in a colligative property. For 10 points, name this process in which a liquid changes into a gas. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Penn Bowl // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 154 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These people were targeted in the Myall Creek Massacre and Battle of Pinjarra, and they participated in the 1946 Pilbara strike. These people traded land for blankets, sugar, apples, and other items in Batman's treaty. National Sorry Day was created for these people after the publication of the report Bringing Them Home. That report documented a policy of taking children of these people and bringing them up in white culture. An apology for their (*) "Stolen Generations" was given in a Kevin Rudd speech about these people. For 10 points, name these indigenous peoples of Australia. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 BHSAT // rd: Round 10 | |
| tossup 155 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The major account of this man's deeds is paraphrased in the so-called "Short Report" and includes an episode in which a Muslim woman from Hornachos prophesied doom for many explorers, but great wealth for those that survive. In 1544, this man was arrested in Asuncion and brought to Seville in chains, where he was tried and sentenced to exile in present day Oran, Algeria. This man, who often imitated scenes of the Bible out of piety, was regarded as a (*) medicine man when he started curing many Indians through prayer and herbs. An account of this man's deeds and travels are preserved in his namesake La Relacion, and he was the treasurer of the Narvaez expedition, which included a voyage from Florida to Galveston Island. For 10 points, identify this explorer and conquistador who explored the American South and Mexico during the early 16th century. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Chicago Open // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 156 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Construction began in 312 BC, when the Roman army was being soundly defeated by the Samnites during the Second Samnite War. Named after a Roman censor who was noted for his public works projects, it was built with a swell in the middle to allow water to run off the sides, and it had ditches on both sides to collect the water. The emperor Trajan would later build the Via Traiana in order to reach Brindisi by a shorter route. For 10 points, identify this queen of the long roads leading to Brindisi from the Roman coliseum. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Fall Kickoff Tournament // rd: FKT Editor 3.rtf | |
| tossup 157 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Three year's during this monarch's rule were known as the Liberal Triennium during which a military coup led by Colonel Rafael Riego ran his nation. This monarch's reactionary policies resulted in the last ten years of his reign being known as "the ominous decade," and he rescinded the Constitution of 1812 after the aforementioned Triennium was overthrown by French intervention following the Congress of Verona. This ruler's absence during a French occupation led him to be known as "the desired," and he assumed his throne after forcing the abdication of his father and the dismissal of his rival Manuel de Godoy during the Revolt of Aranjuez. This man's marriage to Maria Cristina of the Two Sicilies and the subsequent birth of his daughter Isabella led him to promulgate his predecessor Charles IV's unpublished revocation of the Salic law in an 1830 Pragmatic Sanction. That resulted in Isabella being crowned queen upon this man's 1833 death against the wishes of his brother. For ten points, identify this king of Spain from 1814 until 1833, whose death touched off the First Carlist War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Chicago Open // rd: 2010 - Chicago Open - Round 13 - Speculative Hipsters.doc | |
| tossup 158 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Research by Michael Worobey et al. in 2004 conclusively debunked a theory of the creation of this entity that had previously been discredited by the Wistar committee. In the 1999 book The River, Edward Hooper expounded on a theory about the creation of this entity first published in a 1992 Rolling Stone article written by Tom Curtis. The scientist who developed a “rule” that attempted to explain altruism, W. D. Hamilton, died from an ulcer after contracting malaria while investigating the theory that this entity had been accidentally created by a team led by Hilary Koprowski. A KGB propaganda campaign, which was channeled through a report written by Jakob Segal, held that this entity was created in the 1970s at Fort Detrick in Maryland. Another debunked theory claims that it was accidentally created during work on the oral polio vaccine in the Congo. The “bushmeat theory” is still considered a plausible origin theory of, for 10 points, what virus that causes AIDS? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 3 - Editors | |
| tossup 159 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Arturo Zychlinsky’s group reported that patients with lupus-induced nephritis are unable to degrade these structures. Volker Brinkmann, whose 2004 Science paper first reported these structures, established the convention of using phorbol myristate acetate to generate them and the viability dye Sytox Green to visualize them. The enzyme Pad4 must citrullinate proteins such as H1 and H2A before these structures can form. These structures name a form of cell (*) death that comes in a “suicidal” type mediated by reactive oxygen species, or a “vital” type in which chemotactic functions are retained. Streptococcus pneumoniae expresses a surface endonuclease allowing them to escape from these structures. These structures are made up of azurophilic granule-derived enzymes such as elastase, which complex to decondensed chromatin and DNA. For 10 points, name these fibers that neutrophils release to ensnare pathogens. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 160 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 8. Lee, Osheroff, and Richardson hypothesized that the properties of an isotope of an element in this group were due to fermions forming Cooper pairs. One of these elements forms a Rollin film that exhibits the fountain effect at low temperatures. An element’s abbreviated (*) electron configuration puts the chemical symbol of the last preceding member of this group in square brackets. Neil Bartlett discovered that another one of these elements could form a compound with platinum and six fluorine atoms despite this group’s unreactivity. For ten points, name this group of elements which have full valence electron shells and include helium and xenon. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 LIST III // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 161 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During the Civil War, one incident in this state saw Bennett H. Young lead Confederate raiders into a small village to rob banks. That incident, the St. Albans Raid, was the northernmost land action of the Civil War. One founder of this state wrote the anti religious polemic Reason: The Only Oracle of Man. That founder fought in the Revolutionary War, but was captured by British General (*) Guy Carleton at the Battle of Longue-Pointe. This state is not New York, but has a holiday commemorating John Stark and Seth Warner's 1777 defeat of John Burgoyne at the Battle of Bennington. It served as an independent republic in the 1780's and was the first state outside the original 13 colonies to join the Union. For 10 points, name this New England state, the home of the man who seized Fort Ticonderoga, Ethan Allen. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Minnesota Open // rd: Round 06 - Michigan.doc | |
| tossup 162 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A pioneering handbook of these devices was created, in part, by the humorful Igor Karassik; in theintroduction to that handbook, W. C. Krutzch and Paul Cooper divide them into two types: displacementand dynamic. Graphs that depict the performance of one device of this type typically include severaldifferent impeller sizes and an NPSH and system curve, from which one can determine the best efficiencypoints. That type of this device is used for forced circulation, has a power that can be calculated as flowrate times specific weight times head over its namesake efficiency, and is the centrifugal type. Another typeof these devices has a coefficient of performance given by the heat transfer from the high-temperaturereservoir over the heat transfer difference between the high- and low-temperature reservoirs; that type ofthis device can be thought of as the opposite of a refrigerator. For 10 points, identify this type of device thatmoves a fluid. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Open // rd: 2013 | |
| tossup 163 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Specific name required. One paper written by this man makes reference to a time-stamp mechanism developed by Haber and Stornetta. That paper was one of several documents analyzed by Joshua Davis for the New Yorker. In 2014, some guy named Jeffrey claimed that he'd sell the contents of this man's gmx.com e-mail address for $12,000. This man (*) transferred ownership of some of his creations to Gavin Andersen. A paper he wrote described how "as long as a majority of CPU power is controlled by nodes that are not cooperating to attack the network, they'll generate the longest chain and outpace attackers". Leah McGrath Goodman claimed to have identified this person in a cover story for the re-launch of the print edition of Newsweek. Nathaniel Popper's book Digital Gold contains a denial from Nick Szabo that he's this person. This person is supposedly a 40-something Japanese man. For 10 points, give this pseudonym of the inventor of bitcoin. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 We Have Never Been Modern // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 164 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: According to a legend told by the losers in this conflict, they had a female warrior named Zarcamodonia, who killed 18 enemy soldiers by her own hand, using only roasting spits and stones. The losers sent a delegation to Constantinople to try to forge an alliance with Selim II, but he refused. For his service in this conflict, the writer Garcilaso de la Vega received a military promotion. One side's leader, Aben Humeya, was strangled to death in a coup by his subordinate Diego Alguacil. It ended after the decisive Battle of Galera, which resulted in the Alpujarras region being retaken by the army of Don John of Austria. This conflict was sparked by a decree calling for the namesake people to abandon their dress and submit to education by Catholic priests. FTP, name this 1568 uprising in Granada against Phillip II, named for the term given to converted Muslims in Spain. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Chicago Open // rd: Petereson | |
| tossup 165 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The oxidoreductase PDIA3 and the heterodimer TAP1/TAP2 are responsible for loading these complexes via an endoplasmic reticulum pathway. Natural killer cells recognise and are activated by a lack of these complexes on viruses, a phenomenon known as ‘missing-self’. In humans, the gene complex encoding these (*) cell-surface proteins resides on a stretch within chromosome 6p21, and is known as HLA. For 10 points, name this protein complex that presents antigens to T cells, found in class I and class II forms. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Cambridge Open // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 166 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This politician objected to the Mexican War by giving his Spot Resolutions. This leader gave the "HouseDivided" speech, and he engaged in a series of debates with Stephen (*) Douglas during the 1858 Senateelection. The Emancipation Proclamation was signed by this president, who was shot in Ford's Theatre by JohnWilkes Booth. For 10 points, name this president who served during the Civil War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 167 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel, a character tells a story about a doctor's housekeeper who accidentally cooks a human brain specimen for dinner, believing it to be a cow's brain. At the beginning of this novel, the protagonist meets his friend Julio Aracil and they attend a lecture together. Despite quickly becoming disenchanted with medical school, the protagonist becomes a doctor in the remote town of Alcolea and laters returns to his native Madrid to work as a doctor of hygiene. The narrative of this novel is interrupted by a lengthy philosophical dialogue in which the protagonist defends idealism against the pragmatism of his uncle, Dr. Iturrioz. The protagonist, who ends up marrying Lulú, is named Andrés Hurtado. For 10 points, name this novel by PÃo Baroja whose English title references the Book of Genesis. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 168 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man learned one of his hobbies from the Belgian diplomat Andre de Staercke, and he commercialized that passion on advice from Keith Urbahn, his former chief of staff, into a product that starts users as a Sandhurst Cadet. This man was the CEO of HDTV pioneer General Instrument when that company went public in 1993 and later headed Gilead Sciences. This man does his work in an office that contains a scrap from (*) American Airlines Flight 77 on his standing desk. This entrepreneur stated, "I was the beta-tester, is that what you call it?" when describing the dictaphone "snowflakes" he sent to the development team on his app, Churchill Solitaire. I've read countless shitty business books which repeat this man's taxonomy of unknowns. For 10 points, name this former Secretary of Defense who supervised the US invasion of Iraq. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 A Culture of Improvement // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 169 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Due to their stronger bond energy to carbon, this phenomenon is weaker in deuterium-labeled and tritium-labeled compounds, which in turn lowers its kinetic isotope effect. This phenomenon describes the additional stability that results when a neighboring carbon atom is replaced with silicon. The negative form of this phenomenon is most commonly observed in carbon–fluorine and carbon–oxygen (*) bonds. This phenomenon explains why the alpha-epimer of glucose is more prevalent and why tertiary carbocations are more stable. This phenomenon provides an explanation for why the staggered conformation of ethane is more stable than its eclipsed conformation. For 10 points, name this phenomenon in which the electrons of a sigma bond interact with a partially filled pi orbital. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Sun God Invitational // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 170 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A failed parley before this battle devolved into a Benny Hill-esque attempt to retrieve a bucket of mud placed on a messenger’s head. In one account, this battle’s outcome was assured when a looter accidentally dropped a camel-load of weaponry on Rostam Farrokhzād’s head in a sandstorm. This battle ended with a surprise charge the day after the winning side neutralized the opposing elephants by blinding them and cutting off their trunks. The deliberately staggered arrival to this battle of veterans of (*) Yarmouk lent a key moral boost to the winning side of this battle, which ended an attempt to recover territory lost after the battles of the Chains, the River, Walaja, and ’Ullais. The losers of this battle would be fully conquered after the battle of Nahavand. For 10 points, name this decisive battle of the Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia and which crippled the Sassanid Empire. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: WORLDSTAR // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 171 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this novel bribes a driver with two cigarettes to bring him to a house where he finds two geese, which he kills, eats, and uses as pillow fluff. In one scene from this novel, one character attempts to cure the bedwetting of Tjaden by making him share a bed with Kindervater, who is also a bedwetter. The main character feels uncomfortable during a pub conversation with his father and knifes a typesetter, Gérard Duval, after which he slowly watches him die. One boy in this novel gives his prized foresting boots to his friends when they visit him in his hospital room. Characters in this novel include a (*) training officer named Corporal Himmelstoss and the protagonist's best friend, who is nicknamed Kat. The title of the work is the only phrase given by the German army report for the otherwise unremarkable date when Paul Bäumer dies.  For 10 points, name this 1929 novel set during World War One by Erich Maria Remarque. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ANGST // rd: Lisgar | |
| tossup 172 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: When deriving the symplectic condition for a canonical transformation, this operation applied to a column matrix M, containing n generalized coordinates and n generalized momenta, is set equal to the product of a two n-by-two n block matrix times the partial of the Hamiltonian with respect to M. This operation is applied to the generating function in a canonical transformation. Adding this operation applied to an arbitrary function of the generalized coordinates to a Lagrangian gives another valid Lagrangian that yields the same equations of motion. This operation is applied to the generalized coordinates and momenta on the left side of Hamilton's equations. It is also applied to the derivative of the Lagrangian with respect to the generalized velocity in the Euler-Lagrange equation. Applying this operation to action gives the Lagrangian. For 10 points, name this operation often indicated by putting a single dot over a variable, which can be applied to position to give velocity. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: Editors 5 | |
| tossup 173 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This newspaper was sued by Alabama public safety officer Louis B. Sullivan. Its long-time publisher, Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, died in 2012. It won one of its 108 Pulitzer prizes for printing The Pentagon Papers. One nickname of this newspaper is "the Old (*) Gray Lady." "All the News That's Fit to Print" is the motto of, for 10 points, what daily newspaper published in the "Big Apple"? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 174 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this crusade, its leader received an embassy under the command of his friend Fakhr-ad-Din, and sent back a series of questions on geometry and number theory, which that leader's counterpart gave to his scholars to answer. This crusade's leader forcibly took over John of Ibelin's control of Cyprus, leading to the War of the Lombards. Prior to this crusade, its leader repeatedly obtained postponements from Honorius III, despite having taken the cross during his coronation. That leader of this crusade would later take the cross again from Ugolino of Ostia, with whom he would clash when the latter became pope. While this crusade was getting underway, the death of al-Mu'azzzam, (*) the governor of Damascus, prompted French crusaders to fortify the island of Qal'at al-Bahr. This was the first crusade to be carried out without papal support, since its leader had been excommunicated by Gregory IX for his constant delays. This crusade mostly passed without any actual battles, as its leader, Frederick II, negotiated with al-Malik, the Sultan's nephew, for possession of Jerusalem. For 10 points, name this crusade which both preceded and followed crusades focusing on Damietta. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 175 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: . It's not a naval battle in the Pacific, but this event resulted in decorations being issued to the crew of the soon-to-be-decommissioned USS Preserver. Boy Scout Troop 514 sponsored an American flag that amazingly survived this event. A speech given in the wake of this event stated "We've grown used to wonders in this century" and that those who (*) died in it had tried to "touch the face of God." It caused the failure of the Spartan 203 Mission. Donald Kutyna received leaked information while investigating this event, which resulted in a televised demonstration of how rubber behaves in cold temperatures. Blow holes in asbestos-filled putty was identified as a risk factor for this event by the Rogers Commission. For 10 points, name this 1986 disaster in which an American space shuttle exploded. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Listory // rd: Tiebreakers | |
| tossup 176 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Using Danishefsky's dienes with these compounds in thermal Diels-Alder reactions results in the predominant trans product and a non-concerted mechanism. Nagata came up with a method to purify mixtures of these substances by adding DBU to 1,2,3 - trimethylbenzene. An impractical way to make these compounds is by pyrolytic dehydration or dehalogenation. Sarcosine forms a bridge over them in one reaction. Usually produced by the Hufmann-Kratschmer method, these participants in the Prato reaction can follow isolated pentagon rules and can have a few of their bonds broken to introduce small molecules via the open cage method. Consisting of tube, ellipsoid, and sphere shaped compounds, for 10 points, name these carbon molecules, including C60, which is called the buckyball. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 MAGNI // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 177 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Eloy Burga's return to this nation sparked conflict with the Pizarro-Rubia casta, partially caused by the discontent Antero Aspillaga, who was cast down by the Partido Civil in favor of Guillermo Billinghurst. Billinghurst was in turn overthrown by the coup of Manuel Prado and Oscar Benavides, and major political parties in this nation's history include the AP of Fernando Belaunde Terry and Victor Raul Haya de la Torre's APRA. This nation was home to the La Cantuta Massacre under a leader who also instituted anti-terrorist policies against the followers of a man calling himself President Gonzalo. For 10 points, name this country, home to the human rights abuses of both the Shining Path and Alberto Fujimori. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Sun n Fun // rd: Round by Shantanu Jha and Chris Ray.docx | |
| tossup 178 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Artemisinin and praziquantel treat conditions caused by these types of organisms. The mafia hypothesis describes the behavior of one type of them, and abdominal swelling accompanies schistosomiasis, a disease caused by one of them. Trypanosomiasis, or sleeping sickness, is caused by a (*) protozoan example of these organisms. Their “brood” type manipulates other organisms into raising their young. The Plasmodium genus of these organisms can cause malaria, and their examples include flukes and tapeworms. For 10 points, name this type of organism that benefits at the expense of a host. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 GSAC XXV // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 179 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After being refused a position in this organization, George Gorham controversially appealed to the Privy Council. A speech by Benjamin Hoadly sparked another controversy within this organization, known as the Bangorian Controversy. The Prebendaries' Plot tried to oust a leader of this organization. Some members of this organization started the (*) nonjuring schism by refusing to swear oaths of allegiance. The Millenary Petition complained about some of this organization's practices, leading to a meeting between members of this organization and the king at Hampton Court Palace. Martin Marprelate wrote pamphlets attacking members of this organization. In 1645, the head of this church, William Laud, was executed. For 10 points, name this church founded by Henry VIII. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MLK // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 180 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Just after this battle concluded, a six foot tall female baker with six fingers on each hand supposedly killed eight soldiers trying to hide out in her bakery. A group of two hundred unmarried nobles comprised a left vanguard in this battle called the Lovers' Flank, while the less-effective right wing was dubbed the Honeysuckle Flank. The victorious general at this battle, who became known as the Saint Constable, inscribed the name of the Blessed Virgin Mary on his sword. His monarch also honored Mary in the wake of this victory by building the Monastery of Batalha, and two years later, he married (*) Philippa of Lancaster after being aided by English longbowmen in this contest. This battle saw the general Nuno Alvares Pereira rout the forces of John of Castile, paving the way for ascent of the Aviz Dynasty. For 10 points, name this 1385 victory for John I of Portugal. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open History // rd: Tiebreakers | |
| tossup 181 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel, a character says that he plans to "expunge" his notes and sketches from "the memory of man," leading a character named Webster to ask not to be drawn in his notebook. At one point in this novel, a group of characters use their own urine to produce makeshift gunpowder to fend off their pursuers, and those characters later use a ferry operation as a cover to rob travellers trying to cross the Colorado River. Its protagonist escapes from that operation with Tobin and Toadvine, and is presumably killed in an outhouse at this novel's end by a seven-foot-tall, hairless pedophile who earlier rode with him as part of the Glanton Gang. For 10 points, name this novel featuring the Kid and Judge Holden, a work about scalp hunting on the US-Mexico border by Cormac McCarthy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Regionals // rd: Harvard - Florida A - Louisville A | |
| tossup 182 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In On Modesty, Tertullian ironically gives Pope Calixtus I this title for issuing an edict that removed the repentance needed for adultery. This title's holder held the secespita and the Lex Domitia allowed the people to elect the members of the group that elected one of their own to hold this title. It was first established by Numa Pompilius and the Lex Ogulnia increased that group to 9. This title's holder oversaw the flamines, lived in the Domus Publica, and was forbidden to leave Italy, though (*) Julius Caesar ignored that prohibition. Gratian was the last emperor to hold this title and the popes eventually assumed this former imperial title. People holding this position were responsible for regulating the calendar, maintaining pax decorum or peace of the gods, and watching over the Vestal Virgins. For 10 points, name this head of the Roman state religion. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Missiles of October // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 183 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Some equations named for this scientist and Archibald Hill describe binding equilibria in formation of molecular complexes in biological systems, while a formula named for him and Knudsen describes gas flow through a cylindrical tube. His name is given to certain films built up through deposition of his namesake monolayers onto a solid substrate and produced by a trough named for him and Blodgett. An equation named for him relates fraction of coverage of molecules on a solid surface to amount of solute absorbed at a given concentration; this is known as his isotherm, or his adsorption equation. A law named for him and Child governs space-charge-limited flow of electron current, and is known as the Three-Halves Power Law. FTP, name this physicist whose name also adorns the ► electrostatic waves in a weakly magnetized plasma, and a certain probe used to measure plasma characteristics. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 The Experiment II // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 184 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this play angrily demands a clock to strike ten before saying that "Betwixt thy begging and my meditation. / I am not in the giving vein today." It's not part of the Henriad, but discussion of the claim that "succeeding ages have re-edified" a place begun by Julius Caesar precedes an aside in this play which asserts that "So wise, so young, they say, do never live long." The line "Off with his head! So much for" a character in this play was added in a rewriting by (*) Colley Cibber. Ghosts of the title character of this play's victims command him to "despair and die." The speaker of a soliloquy in this play resolves that "since I cannot prove a lover...I am determined to prove a villain." The title character of this play's last lines before being slain by Richmond is "A horse! A horse! My kingdom for a horse!" For 10 points, name this Shakespeare play that begins with Gloucester declaiming "Now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this son of York." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WAO // rd: Sarma/Horton and Swift/Newcombe and Ankit et al | |
| tossup 185 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: If using immersion lithography, one can realistically have values for this quantity that are greater than 1, in which case you might prefix it with "hyper-". In optical lithography, the resolution is inversely 3 proportional to this quantity while the depth of focus is inversely proportional to its square. The V number can be simplified to this quantity times core diameter times pi over wavelength. For an optical fiber, this quantity is the square root of the difference between the squared (*) indices of refraction for 6 the core and cladding. In general, it's equal to the index of refraction times the sine of half the cone angle ofthe lens. For 10 points, name this quantity that measures the ability of a lens to collect light. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Claude Shannon Memorial Tournament // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 186 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this work, Aunt Alexandra lives at the Landing before moving in with the narrator, who she always calls Jean Louise. That narrator finds gum and pennies hidden in a tree. In this novel, Tom Robinson's rape trial causes (*) Bob Ewell to attack Jem and Scout, who are saved by Boo Radley. This work depicts race relations in Maycomb, Alabama, and concerns the lawyer Atticus Finch. For 10 points, name this work by Harper Lee. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 187 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One branch of physics named for two of these entities describes single and double resolved processes which result in the formation of a vector meson. Their differential cross section is proportional to the square of the fine structure constant, and is given by the Klein-Nishina formula. Pair production describes their interaction with a (*) nucleus, creating a positron and an electron. The wavelength of one of these particles decreases in an effect named for the winner of the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physics, and is caused by their collision with electrons. For 10 points, identify these particles whose energy is decreased in Compton scattering, the quanta of light. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 RAVE // rd: Replacements and Tiebreakers | |
| tossup 188 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this novel becomes a vegetarian and begins wearing a diaper after travelling as a beggar in India. While searching her house for walking mummies, a woman in this novel discovers nude pictures of servants in her husband's secret photo studio. In this novel, a former patron of the Red Lantern brothel receives three human fingers in the mail, which parallel the three fingers he had once (*) cut off Pedro Tercero's hand. This novel's first and last sentence is "Barrabas came to us by sea." Near the end of this novel, the prostitute Transito Soto secures the release of the revolutionary Alba. In this novel, the death of her green-haired woman leads the owner of Tres Marias to marry her sister, the clairvoyant Clara del Valle. For 10 points, name this novel about the Trueba family by Isabelle Allende | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 STIMPY // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 189 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man was the first to prove that rainfall was a result of changes in temperature, and he also proposed that discoloration of the vitreous humor was the cause of color blindness. This man noted that oxygen only combined with a certain amount of nitrous oxide or twice that amount, but no intermediate amount, discovering the Law of Multiple Proportions. This pioneer of atomic theory designed the "billiard ball" model of the atom as an indivisible, indestructible unit of matter. For 10 points, name this English chemist whose namesake law states that the total pressure of non-reactive gases is equal to the sum of individual partial pressures. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Prison Bowl // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 190 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A work predating Bram Stoker’s Dracula by 26 years describes a vampire who has this trait, Carmilla. A character who displays this trait clings to a picture of a European knight, who turns out to be Joan of Arc. This trait is exhibited by Randolph and Joel in Other Voices, Other Rooms. The poem (*) “Phainetai Moi” describes this trait in its poet, who was known as “the tenth muse.” De Profundis was written as a philosophical work for Lord Alfred Douglass during time one possessor of this trait spent in Reading Gaol. For ten points, name this trait exhibited by Yukio Mishima, Truman Capote, Sappho, and Oscar Wilde. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Montgomery Blair Academic Tournament (MBAT) // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 191 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this novel is scarred by the image of a woman cutting hairs off of an ugly birthmark on her breast, which he saw at age eight. That protagonist feels that he has "known a woman for the first time" when he sleeps with a woman twenty years his senior, but later rejects her, causing her to kill herself with an overdose of sleeping pills. The protagonist of this novel falls in love with (*) Fumiko after she smashes the Shino bowl that had belonged to her mother, Mrs. Ota, who used to be the mistress of the protagonist's father. Another of his father's mistresses, Kurimoto, tries to entrap Kikuji Mitani in a marriage to Yukiko by inviting them to a tea ceremony. For 10 points, name this Yasunari Kawabata novel titled after the decorations on Yukiko's dress, which are said to cure disease. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Missiles of October // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 192 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One leader of this government resigned after his son-in-law was accused of stealing Legion of Honor decorations. Another leader of this government died while having sex with Marguerite Steinheil. The Trial of the Thirty involved breaches of the speech-restricting Villainous Laws passed by it. The 16 May Crisis marked the decline of the Royalist faction of this government in favor of the Opportunist Republicans. Its survival was threatened by a general nicknamed "Revenge", Georges (*) Boulanger. Jules Ferry promoted Laïcité in education during it. During this government, which was led at different times by Felix Faure and Patrice MacMahon, Ferdinand Esterhazy was acquitted of espionage charges and a scapegoat was sent to Devil's Island due to anti-semitic sentiment. For 10 points, the Dreyfus Affair occurred during what French republic that was replaced by Vichy France? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 193 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An anonymous poet from this country wrote of a cat, "His whole instinct is to hunt, / Mine to free the meaning pent." A medieval tale from this country concerns a king who is cursed with madness by a bishop, then begins to levitate and lives among the trees like a bird. "Pangur Bán" is a poem from this country, whose other early literature includes a poem about Sweeney, who visits places like (*) Swim-Two-Birds. A modern poet from this country wrote of his brother being buried in "A four-foot box, a foot for every year" and concludes "Between my finger and my thumb / The squat pen rests. / I'll dig with it" in poems from his Death of a Naturalist. For 10 points, name this home country of Seamus Heaney and the Book of Armagh, which contains the Confession of St. Patrick. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 194 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One technique in the nonlinear branch of this field uses a so-called sliding-mode. Solving the algebraic Riccati equation is tantamount to solving the infinite horizon LQR problem in this field. That solution arises from solving the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation with linear dynamics, and arises in the “optimal” type of this field. Classical techniques of performance analysis in this field include the (*) Nyquist criterion, and the Ziegler-Nichols tuning rules can choose gains for the proportion-integral-derivative feedback devices used in this field. For 10 points, name this field which designs systems to make plants achieve a desired output. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 WAO II // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 195 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character declares that women 'Down from the waist...are centaurs" and "let copulation thrive!" In Act Five, this character tells onlookers "Had I your tongues and eyes, I'd use them so / That heaven's vault should crack." This character is told he'd "make a good fool" after guessing why "the seven stars are no more than seven." He yells things like "Look, look a (*) mouse!" and "Blow, winds, and crack your cheeks!" This title character rips off his clothes in a storm and enters "fantastically dressed with wild flowers" after going insane. For 10 points, name this character who banishes Cordelia and divides his kingdom amongst his daughters Regan and Goneril, in a Shakespeare tragedy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 BHSAT // rd: Round 5 | |
| tossup 196 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 18. During an incident on this island, wounded soldiers ate lettuce while whispering “run, rabbit, run” as a form of dissent. Ken G. Hall won an Academy Award for his film about military action on this island, which he sourced from newsreels taken by Damien Parer. Sydney Rowell and Arthur Allen were dismissed during a campaign on this island conducted by the Maroubra Force. The Dobodura base on this island was used to scramble planes to defend from aerial assaults in Operation I-Go. Soldiers on one side of a campaign on this island were assisted by natives called the (*) “Fuzzy-Wuzzy Angels.” Control of this island’s Owen Stanley Range was contested during the Kokoda Track Campaign, which, like the Battle of the Coral Sea, sought to prevent Japanese control of Port Moresby. For 10 points, name this island also known as Papua. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Historature // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 197 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Paul Foot falsely alleged that the murder of anti-nuclear activist Hilda Murrell had been part of a coverup about this event. During a phone-in television show, a leader involved in this event was questioned about it by a geography teacher named Diana Gould. Michael Heseltine's efforts to conceal the facts of this event prompted Clive Ponting to leak documents about it to Tam Dalyell, who believed that this action had been carried out to undermine a (*) peace plan proposed by Peruvian president Fernando Terry. This action was supposedly carried out because Sandy Woodward's task force was threatened by the presence of exocet missiles in the Total Exclusion Zone. After this event, the Sun ran the headline "Gotcha!" For 10 points, name this controversial attack which destroyed an Argentine naval cruiser early in the Falklands War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 SHEIKH // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 198 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character's golden hair reminds another character of wheat fields. He is told, "It is only with the heart that one can see rightly; what is essential is invisible to the eye" by a character that he "tames". This character jumps off a wall and is bitten by a snake because he's concerned about his muzzle-less sheep. This enthusiast of sunsets and enemy of all things baobab tells stories about a lamp-lighter and a star-collector, advancing his premise that grown-ups are very strange. The narrator encounters this rose-obsessed character after his plane crashes in the Sahara Desert. For 10 points, name this alien from asteroid B-612 in a novella by Antoine de Saint-Exupery. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Brookwood Invitational Scholars Bowl // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 199 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An obscure newspaper called the Patriot spread this idea, which sparked a craze for ubhejane (OOB-heh-jah-nay). Zackie Achmat organized red-shirted protesters against this idea. Matthias Rath, who pro ted from this idea by selling to Khayelitsha residents, was sued by the TAC. The Washington Post leaked a world leader's letter to Bill Clinton espousing this belief that approvingly cited Peter Duesberg. In East Germany, a report by Jakob Segal involving sheep in Fort Detrick, Maryland endorsed this belief; Segal testi ed to further a joint KGB-Stasi plot to spread it. When confronted on this belief on-air, a politician nicknamed "Dr. Beetroot" snapped, "I am not Manto to you." The Durban Declaration denounced this belief, whose acceptance by the Mbeki government from 2000 to 2005 may have killed up to 300,000 South Africans. For 10 points, identify this pseudoscienti c belief which questions the viral origin of a sexually-transmitted immune de ciency syndrome. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 ACF Nationals // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 200 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a poem by this author, the speaker addresses the title heavenly body and begs it to “say something” before it responds, “I burn.” Besides “Choose Something Like a Star,” this author wrote another poem in which he recounts how “one luminary clock against the sky / Proclaimed the time was neither wrong nor right.” In another poem (*) by this author of “Acquainted With the Night,” the speaker announces that he has “promises to keep” before noting that he has “miles to go before I sleep.” For 10 points, name this American poet of “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 HFT XIII // rd: Round 11 | |
| tossup 201 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This entity's presence in a two-dimensional conductor creates Landau levels in the quantum hall effect. The Lorentz force on a particle is given by charge times velocity cross this entity, which is equal to the curl of the vector potential. They are expelled from superconductors in the Meissner effect, and Faraday's law of induction describes how a changing one produces an electrical current. They are formed when an electrical current passes through a solenoid, and Gauss showed that the divergence of these entities is zero unless monopoles exist. For 10 points, name this entity most commonly associated with objects with north and south poles. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 202 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A vain leader of this people died after drawing his bow to kill a charging dagger-wielder, only to feel his foot slip, making the arrow misfire. These non-Buyid people cut up existing estates to pay their soldiers using the iqta system. One of these people's appointees, Zengi, split off to form his own emirate. After these people won at Dandanaqan, they took the area around Khorasan from the Ghaznavids. Their treasury was raided in the wake of their loss at Dorylaeum. One offshoot of this dynastic group was the Sultanate of Rum. These people were united by Toghrul after branching off from the Oghuz. The Byzantine emperor Romanus Diogenes lost to their leader Alp Arslan at Manzikert in 1071. For 10 points, name these people who were rebelled against by Osman, a Sunni dynasty of Turks. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 MAGNI // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 203 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the book The Angel, it is alleged that this leader ordered for a submarine to torpedo the RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 while it was travelling to Haifa for the twenty-fifth anniversary of Israel's creation. This leader proclaimed the establishment of the African Union in his hometown of Sirte. This leader proposed the idea of Jamahiriya, or the "state of the masses." This former leader was protected by an all- (*) female bodyguard unit called the Amazonian Guard, and he outlined his political philosophy in The Green Book. He came to power after overthrowing King Idris I, and he gave a hero's welcome to Mohammed al-Megrahi, a perpetrator of the Lockerbie bombing. For 10 points, name this former military dictator of Libya. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 EMT // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 204 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The most efficient classical method of performing this operation is selecting a pair of small-degreepolynomials over the rationals with a common integer root in the General Number Field Sieve. Amethod of doing this which finds a cycle in a pseudo-random sequence is Pollard's rho algorithm.Shor developed a polynomial-time algorithm for doing this on a (*) quantum computer. The ability toperform this function quickly for large inputs would defeat RSA encryption. A simple method ofperforming this operation is trial division, and this problem is somewhat more difficult than primalitytesting. For 10 points, identify this operation which decomposes a number into the product of powers ofprimes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 PACE NSC // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 205 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An experimental city in this country is said to belong to “humanity as a whole”, yet has less than 2,500 residents. That city, the Roger Anger-designed Auroville, has a large golden sphere at its center. Another monument in this country depicts a symbolically enlarged pinky and thumb with a single line across the palm, called the (*) Open Hand Monument. More famous examples of monuments in this country include a collection of nineteen astronomical instruments, called Jantar Mantar, and the Golden Temple at Amritsar. For 10 points, name this country home to Shah Jahan’s marble mausoleum, the Taj Mahal. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 FACTS // rd: Ed 3 | |
| tossup 206 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Those in the presence of a holder of this office were expected to perform the submission ritual of madegdeg, in which they removed their shawl, tied it around their waist, and bowed. Holders of this office were assisted by an official called the "Mouth of the King." One holder of this office imprisoned the diplomat Hormuzd Rassam, resulting in his country being the target of a British expedition led by Robert Napier and forcing that holder of this office to commit suicide. Holders of this office are traditionally crowned at the Church of Our Lady Mary of Zion. Zewditu I was the last woman to hold this title, having deposed Iyasu V. Another holder of this office signed the disputed Treaty of Wuchale. This office lost most of its authority during the Era of the Princes, and the emblem of this office features a tricolor flag being held by a lion, the "Lion of Judah." For 10 points, name this royal title last held by Haile Selassie. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Nationals // rd: BerkeleyRice | |
| tossup 207 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this novel reads Gone with the Wind to his friend who is recuperating from burns in the hospital. Another character, Two-Bit, is a shoplifting specialist who gives his prized switchblade to another member of their group. The protagonist befriends Cherry Valance, who belongs to a rival group at the high school, and her boyfriend Bob was killed in self-defense by Johnny, leading to a climactic rumble in this novel. Featuring Dally and Soda Pop, FTP what is this young adult novel in which Johnny urges Ponyboy to "stay gold," written by S.E. Hinton? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Delta Burke // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 208 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: John Trudell was called the “Voice” of this place, while LaNada Means and Stella Leach helped him restore the reputation of a movement in this place following the death of 13-year old Yvonne Oakes. A group led by Allen Cottier attempted to pay 47 cents per acre for this location in response to the Treaty of Fort Laramie, as it had been declared ‘surplus federal property.’ Un-Thanksgiving Day is held in this location, where a two-year (*) occupation by the IOAT helped inspire the American Indian Movement to seize the Mayflower II in 1970. A resident of this place published Diseases of Canaries despite being incarcerated in Leavenworth, and was known as the “Birdman.” Frank Morris and Clarence and John Anglin escaped from this place in 1962 on an unsteady raft. For 10 points, name this prison that was home to Al Capone, an island outside of San Francisco. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Penn Bowl // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 209 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Ribosome subunits pass through pores in this structure's namesake envelope and are produced in onepart of it. In one kind of cloning, this organelle is transferred into an egg that lacks one. The presence ofthis organelle distinguishes eukaryotes from prokaryotes. This organelle divides in two during mitosisbecause DNA is found here. For 10 points, name this information processing area of the cell. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 210 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A recent research study showed that active children who played in areas with a high concentration of this gas were three times more likely to develop respiratory illnesses later on in life. Sunlight can directly react with air pollutants to produce this gas, especially during the summer months when temperatures are high. Discovered by Christian Schonbein, this gas is toxic and explosive even in small quantities and is known for its distinctive odour. It can be produced by the cold discharge method and is measured in (*) Dobson units. When combined with zinc in acetic acid, it can also be used to cleave alkenes into ketones and aldehydes. Its strong oxidative power makes it an excellent disinfectant. FTP, name this light blue gas, depleted by chlorofluorocarbons, which plays an important role in absorbing ultraviolet light in the stratosphere. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ANGST // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 211 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This novel’s opening paragraph notes that “we’ve got to live, no matter how many skies have fallen” after stating that “ours is essentially a tragic age, so we refuse to take it tragically.” This novel emphasizes the class divide between its main setting and the nearby town of Tevershall. Philip Larkin’s poem “Annus Mirabilis” mentions this novel just before mentioning “the Beatles’ first LP.” This novel’s protagonist visits (*) Venice with her sister Hilda, allowing her to claim that she had a love affair there. In this novel, Clifford’s paralysis from the waist down contributes to Constance’s decision to have an affair with Oliver Mellors. For 10 points, an obscenity trial against Penguin Books resulted from the publication of what D. H. Lawrence novel? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: Packet 13 (Finals 1) | |
| tossup 212 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a process named for Arlon Hunt, this compound is used to expel alcohol in resorcinol-formaldehyde and tetra-ethyl-ortho-silicate mixtures, which are used to form aerogels. "Ambidextrous" surfactants developed by Keith Johnston are block-copolymers that have a hydrophilic block as well as a block that stabilizes the interface with this compound. Hagiwara et al. pioneered the use of this compound as a solvent for precipitation polymerization reactions using gamma-irradiation or AIBN as initiators. Uranium enrichment via the Silex process, and cutaneous lesion removal and resurfacing, both employ lasers in which molecules of this compound undergo population inversion. Its IR spectrum has an antisymmetric stretch at 2345 wavenumbers. It is used as a solvent for dry cleaning and for extracting caffeine in its supercritical form. For 10 points, name this compound that undergoes deposition to form dry ice. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Chicago Open // rd: 16 | |
| tossup 213 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The very strong CAG promoter contains the start of a gene encoding this protein in chickens. This 43-kilodalton protein and GAPDH are the most common loading controls for Western blots. This protein is stained red by phalloidin, and is regulated by the Rho GTPase family. Two critical concentrations of this protein determine if it polymerizes at the (*) barbed end, the pointed end, or both. At the cellular leading edge, it forms lamellipodia, and it can also bundle together to make stress fibers. A form this protein labelled F is formed by ATP hydrolysis and makes up a smaller component of the cytoskeleton than microtubules. For 10 points, name this protein found in microfilaments and separates myosin bands in sarcomeres. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 PACE NSC // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 214 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity is determined to be non-zero by an accelerating reference frame through a vacuum in the Unruh effect. This quantity for electrons following a certain probability distribution is multiplied by the number density and the Boltzmann constant to find the plasma pressure. This quantity can be measured on the (*) Rankine scale, and changes in it for air cause mirages. This quantity for an enclosed gas is directly proportional to pressure, according to Gay-Lussac’s law, and it is multiplied by the number of moles and a constant symbolized R on one side of the ideal gas law. For 10 points, name this quantity that can be measured on the Kelvin scale. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Prison Bowl XI // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 215 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two characters in this novel carry on their affair in a creaky bed above an invalid teenage girl, whose horrified reactions the author records with gusto. A character in this novel known as the Morgado spitefully denounces people who share the title character's profession. This novel's title character meets Carlota's husband, a dwarf with bloodshot eyes, while looking for an inn in which to raise a child. In this novel, the author of The District's Voice is excommunicated when he reveals his fiancée's premarital involvement with the novel's title character. This novel's protagonist meets and impregnates Amélia (*) Caminha after being transferred to Lisbon despite his job as a clergyman. For 10 points, name this realist novel about a horny priest by José Maria Eça de Queiroz. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Gorilla Lit // rd: 0 | |
| tossup 216 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this work has a packet of matches inscribed with the words, "These Matches Were Stolen from Bob and Edie Burwick's House." Reading the word "happy" later causes this work's narrator to slam a diary shut. That diary in this work relates a story about a Buddhist master who states that a dead cat is the most valuable thing because no one can put a price on it, leading the diarist to answer a question about his future plans by saying that he would like to be a dead cat. The narrator is mistaken for Dickie Braganza by Mrs. (*) Silsburn, and forms a bond with a tiny man in a top hat, who turns out to be the deaf-mute uncle of the father of the bride, at a wedding that the narrator attends after receiving a letter from his sister Boo-Boo. Taking its title from a Sappho line that Buddy finds written on his bathroom mirror, for 10 points, name this novella by J. D. Salinger about Seymour Glass' wedding. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Chicago Open // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 217 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Only females of the species Papilio polytes (pah-PILL-ee-oh PAWL-ih-teez) exhibit polymorphism of this behavior, which is controlled by a "supergene" named doublesex. From the perspective of the signal-receiver, one form of this strategy increases the effective population size of prey. Hammer orchids of the genus Drakea are examples of plants pollinated by pseudocopulation, which use this strategy to attract pollinators. Harmless (*) snakes can look red- and black-banded due to this phenomenon. Palatable species exhibit a honest warning signal, such as aposematism, when engaging in the Batesian form of this strategy. For 10 points, name this adaptive strategy in which a species resembles a model species, such as between viceroys and monarch butterflies. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 19 - TB1 | |
| tossup 218 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a children's book titled The Toadstool, one of these people quickly escapes from a doctor's office. These people were presented with a black neckerchief and brown leather knot to symbolize full membership in an organization abbreviated JM. The "Saxon Greeting" was a gymnastic routine frequently practiced by these people. In 1943, thousands of these people were recruited to work at flak batteries.These people followed by a slogan known as the "3 Ks," and were enrolled in a large organization abbreviated BDM, whose (*) "Faith and Beauty" section offered several vocational courses for them. These people especially were warned not to engage in Rassenschande, or "racial defilement." Although only 3,700 of them were employed as concentration camp guards, Nazi exploitation films abound with their sadistic sexual behavior with Jewish inmates. For 10 points, name these people in Nazi Germany who were expected to stay at home to raise perfect Aryan children | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 George Oppen // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 219 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character recalls how he found another's lost gold locket in some moss during a picnic at Shadow Pond. This character imagines the sentence "We never got away—how should you?" written on every stone in his family's graveyard. In the first chapter, this character watches a woman in a cherry scarf dancing through the window of a church basement, then drives her home. A cat walking on the (*) table ends an intimate supper that this character has with his love interest after another woman goes to Bettsbridge for the night to see a doctor. This character steers for the "big elm" in a failed suicide attempt after his wife Zeena tries to send Mattie Silver away. For 10 points, name this resident of Starkfield, a sled crash victim who titles a novel by Edith Wharton. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 220 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One ruler of this historical country went on a "Grand Embassy" to the west to learn shipbuilding andmilitary training. That same ruler instituted a beard tax on boyars. Another of its rulers created aparliament called the Duma and issued the October Manifesto. Peter the Great and Nicholas II were rulersof, for 10 points, what empire where a 1917 revolution toppled the government in Moscow? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 221 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Colonel Richard Dodge wrote that people who exploited this resource were "fearless as a Bayard" and "unsavory as a skunk." The inhabitants of Metis camps called "hivernants" acquired this resource, which was the traditional surface used for historical paintings called "winter counts." The Mooar brothers were responsible for technical innovation in the use of this resource, whose industrial exploitation was made possible by the advance of the Kansas Pacific Railroad. The Head-smashed-in site in southwest Alberta was a traditional location for the (*) killing of these animals, which are depicted being hunted with "bow and lance" in George Catlin's 1832 painting set on the "upper Missouri." For 10 points, the Transcontinental Railroad divided the "northern herd" and "southern herd" of what bovines that once roamed free on the Great Plains? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open History // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 222 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this work, a ship's crew is cursed after they kill cattle belonging to Helios in an effort to get past a whirlpool, and Laertes's daughter-in-law repeatedly weaves and unravels a burial shroud. (*) Penelope is reunited with her husband in this epic poem after he gets past Scylla, Charybdis, and sirens to return to Ithaca. For ten points, name this epic poem by Homer in which a namesake king returns home after the Trojan War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 SCOP MS 6 // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 223 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This process was responsible for making the universe opaque before the era of reionization, and during large-scale structure formation this process is responsible for balancing out accretion heating in a namesake form of cooling. In a scintillator, this process is responsible for cutting off the spectrum just past the double- and single-escape peaks. Around 218 GHz in the spectrum of the CMB, a form of this effect is responsible for boosting the energy of the CMB (*) photons; that inverse form of that effect is name for Sunayev and Zeldovich. In the high-frequency limit, the shift due to this process is equal to quantity one minus cosine theta times h over mc, and this process typically occurs when gamma rays pass through matter. For 10 points, name this effect in which high energy photons lose energy when colliding with an electron. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 224 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this play constantly and mistakenly uses the phrase "vice versa" and refers to bad things as "derogatory". Another character in this play argues that national labels don't mean anything because we're just an accidental gathering of molecules and atoms. An orator delivers political speeches in the background of this play's second act, which is set in a tavern frequented by the prostitute Rosie. One character in this play burned the letter informing her husband of the (*) rank he has been awarded. In this play's final act, the protagonist wanders towards a window while hallucinating, but is pushed out the way by Bessie Burgess, who is shot by British soldiers, who mistake her for a sniper. In spite of the pregnancy of his wife Nora, Jack Clitheroe decides to fight as a commandant in the Easter Rising in this play. For 10 points, name this play by Sean O'Casey, titled for the symbols on the flag of the Irish Citizen Army. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 RILKE // rd: 0 | |
| tossup 225 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of Maxwell's equations describes how this physical quantity produces a magnetic field. A diode allows it to flow in only one direction. It equals (*) voltage over resistance according to Ohm's law, and comes in alternating and direct types. For 10 points, name this quantity whose units are amperes, and which measures the rate of charge flowing in a circuit. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 226 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man met with Army Secretary Robert Stevens in what would be called the "Chicken Luncheon." He was heavily criticized for his defense of the SS soldiers accused of perpetrating the Malmedy massacre. This man was later investigated by the Watkins Committee, and he was earlier rebuked by the Tydings Committee. This politician's downfall came after he was notably criticized by attorney Joseph Welch. In 1950, this man gave a speech in Wheeling, West Virginia, where he claimed to have an infamous list. For 10 points, name this Wisconsin Senator whose name is synonymous with the 1950's "witch-hunting" of Communists in the government. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 T-Party // rd: Yale + Michigan - T Party 2010.doc | |
| tossup 227 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote a novel in which a fifteen-year-old boy becomes the captain of the Pilgrim after the entire crew is killed on a whale hunt. Another of his nautical novels is narrated by Jeorling, who is returning to America from the Kerguelen Islands aboard the Halbrane. That novel is a sort of sequel to Poe's Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym. In a sequel to one of his own works, Cyrus (*) Smith and four other Americans are stranded on an island which turns out to be the hideout of a man whose real name is Prince Dakkar. This author of The Sphinx of the Ice Fields and The Mysterious Island also wrote a novel in which a message from Arne Saknussemm is discovered by Axel and Otto Lidenbrock, telling them to descend into an Icelandic glacier. For 10 points, name this pioneer of science fiction who wrote Journey to the Center of the Earth. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 QUARK // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 228 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Timur claimed descent from this figure by asserting that one of his descendents turned into beam of light and impregnated Alan Qo'a, an ancestress of Genghis Khan. He is identified with the epithet "God's Favor Upon His Face", and his secret burial place is thought to be in either Najaf or the Blue Mosque in Mazar-e-Sharif. He gained the nickname "Lion of God" after commanding at the Battle of Khaybar, where he wielded the forked sword Zulfiqar. This man, whose position was the subject of the controversial hadith of the pond of Khumm, was assassinated by the Kharijites at Kufa, thus ending the first Fitna. He became the father of Hussein and Hassan by his first wife, Fatimah. For 10 points, identify this son-in-law of Muhammad, who Sunnis consider the fourth rightly-guided Caliph and Shias consider the first Imam. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Regionals // rd: Rice A + Columbia A | |
| tossup 229 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A state visit to this country by the Shah of Iran saw protests end in violence when a protester was shot by police outside of an opera house. This nation's Grand Coalition government passed the Emergency Acts despite opposition by the Free Democratic Party. An article revealing the sub-par performance of this country's military in a NATO exercise resulted in the arrest of a prominent magazine's editor-in-chief during a 1962 "Affair." A leader of this country (*) resigned after Günter Guillaume, a high-ranking government aide, was discovered to be a Stasi (SHTAH-zee) agent; that leader of this country attempted to normalize relations with a neighboring state through the policy of Ostpolitik. For 10 points, name this country whose chancellors included Konrad Adenauer and Willy Brandt. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 25 - Replacements | |
| tossup 230 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 21. A rose bush in this novel is said to have sprung up under the footsteps of Anne Hutchinson. One character in this novel pelts the title object with wildflowers and later tries to wash a kiss off her forehead. Mistress Hibbins invites another character to a witches’ gathering, and a different character sees a meteor while standing on a scaffold after his daughter asks him to stand with her the following noon. (*) Roger Chillingworth attempts to stop Arthur Dimmesdale from confessing to fathering Pearl at the end of this novel. For ten points, name this novel written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in which Hester Prynne is required to wear the title “A.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 LIST III // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 231 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In 2003, this city's NK department store was the site of the assasination of a foreign affairs minister. This city was the site of an event that included a man wandering around a bank vault singing "Killing Me Softly," the Norrmalmstorg robbery. In order to root out supporters of Sten (*) Sture the Younger, people in this city on an enemies list made by Archbishop Trolle were killed on the orders of the foreign king Christian II. Shortly after a screening of the comedy The Mozart Brothers in this city, an unknown assassin possibly working for the South African government shot prime minister Olaf Palme in 1986. For 10 points, name this site of a 1520 "bloodbath" and of a bank hostage crisis that inspired the term for a namesake "syndrome." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 PACE NSC // rd: 24 | |
| tossup 232 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One poem by this man laments being turned into an ass by "The little boy" who "Turn'd Io to a cow, Narcissus to a flower" in order "to show his might and power", and the title character of another declares "This heat of hope, or cold of fear / My foolish heart could never bear". In addition to The Metamorphosis and The Careless Lover, another poem by this man relates how "good old BenÂ…Bid them remember how he had purg'd the stage / Of errors, that had lasted many an age" at a meeting where "There was Lucan's translator too" and "Apollo himself was at it, they say". Another poem concludes "This cannot take her / If of herself she will not love / Nothing can make her / The devil take her". The author of A Session of the Poets, FTP, name this poet who wrote the plays Brennoralt, The Goblins, and Aglaura, which contains the song "Why so pale and wan, fond lover?", a noted Cavalier. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Tyrone Slothrop Literature Singles // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 233 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 21. This disorder results from the repeated activation of the nucleus accumbens by the ventral tegmental area. Due to neuroplasticity, this condition can cause the decreased activity of inhibitory neurons and can result in increased tolerance since it alters the (*) reward pathway. This condition can be treated by drugs like naltrexone and methadone. Individuals with this condition experience withdrawal symptoms after they can no longer use dopamine-stimulating chemicals like amphetamines and nicotine. For ten points, identify this condition which results when individuals become dependent on pleasure-inducing substances like drugs. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 LIST IV // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 234 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A drawing of this event shows one participant shouting "EXTINGUISH THE LIGHTS!" while daintily impalingRichard Smithers with a sword. Conversations about this event were overheard at the Horse and Groom. The trial ofRichard Carlile led Jamaican-born William Davidson and other Spenceans to become involved in this event, whichsaw a fake ad run in the New Times by turncoat George Edwards. Lord Sidmouth's head was to have been paradedaround on a stick and then mounted on Westminster Bridge after this event, which targeted a fabricated dinner atLord Harrowby's house. Arthur Thistlewood planned this event in response to the Six Acts. For 10 points, name thisfoiled 1820 plot that sought to slaughter Liverpool's cabinet, named for its conspirators' meeting spot in London. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Regionals // rd: Duke A + UCF A + Northwestern | |
| tossup 235 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this year, three people were killed on the South Carolina State campus during the Orangeburg massacre. In this year, the speech "I've Been to the Mountaintop" was given during the Memphis sanitation strike. In this year, activists chanted "The whole world is watching" at a convention that occurred five months after Eugene McCarthy placed second in the New Hampshire primary. In this year, the USS Pueblo was captured by North Korea, and the Tet Offensive in South Vietnam occurred. In this year, Bobby Kennedy and Martin Luther King Jr. were both assassinated. For 10 points, name this year in which Richard Nixon was first elected President of the United States. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Delta Burke // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 236 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poet wrote the line “A heap of dust alone remains of thee, 'Tis all thou art, and all the proud shall be!” in "Elegy to the Memory of an Unfortunate Lady." In another work by this poet, the title characters are caught in a secret love affair and one of them wishes for “the eternal sunshine of a spotless mind.” This author notes that “A little learning is a dangerous thing” and “To err is human, to forgive divine” in “An Essay on Criticism.” The sylphs try to prevent the Baron from cutting off a lock of Belinda’s hair in another of this man’s works. For 10 points, name this author of “Eloisa to Abelard” and The Rape of the Lock. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Prison Bowl VIII // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 237 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One novel by this author contains a sequence wherein Arafa tunnels under the walls of a mansion, only to kill an old servant. In that work by this author, Hamida's pimp cuts her face with a broken glass. In a religiously allegorical tale by this author, the protagonist is a god-like figure whose sons are Gabal, Rifa'a, and Qasim. In that work, the Satanic Idris tempts the title figures. In another of this man's works, he traces the lives of Yasin and Kamal, two bureaucrats, whose sister Aisha goes mad. That work follows three generations of al-Sayyid Ahmad's merchant family from 1919 to 1945. This author of Children of Gebalawi wrote Sugar Street, Palace of Desire, and Palace Walk. For 10 points, name this author of the Cairo Trilogy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Illinois Fall Tournament // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 238 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these proteins deficient in patients with LAD1 pairs with another one used as a common histological marker for microglia to form the complement receptor macrophage-1 antigen. Osteopontin and bone sialoprotein are two of the five SIBLING proteins that bind to these proteins. Rap1 is a member of the Ras GTPase family that activates these proteins. Some of these proteins recognize and bind an LDV sequence, but more of them recognize an RGD motif. These proteins can engage in "inside-out" signaling, and participate in (*) heterophilic interactions, similar to selectins but unlike cadherins. These proteins act as transmembrane adhesion proteins for focal adhesions and hemidesmosomes. For 10 points, name these proteins that play a key role in cell adhesion by linking the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MLK // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 239 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two rival companies in this industry allegedly backed the two sides of the 1930s Chaco War. Charles Pratt was an early founder of a company in this industry, which was responsible for the 1979 Ixtoc disaster. Thomas J. Walsh led an investigation into this industry that implicated Edward Doheny, and Operation Ajax was launched by the U.S. in response to the (*) nationalization of this industry in one country. A scandal in this industry involved the leasing of the Elk Hills; that incident was the Teapot Dome Scandal. Muckraker Ida Tarbell attacked the business practices of one company in--for 10 points--what industry over which John D. Rockefeller once held a monopoly? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 FACTS // rd: Ed 2 | |
| tossup 240 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The lower-case version of this symbol can denote the ratio of heat capacity at constant pressure to that at constant temperature, the adiabatic index, while its upper-case version can denote a Christofel symbol or a namesake probability distribution governed by the parameters k and theta. It represents a photon in a Feynman diagram, as well as the quotient of measured time over proper time in relativity equations, the Lorentz factor, and the nuclear emission that results from an annihilation. For 10 points, name this Greek letter that names a function which is a generalization of the factorial and a ray that has a wavelength shorter than x-rays. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Regionals // rd: Columbia and Temple | |
| tossup 241 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: At the end of this novel, a man dies and then “lay there, collapsed like a pile of rocks.” In this novel, a man approaches Ana in her room at night claiming that he wants to apologize for murdering her father, but instead he rapes her. A woman in this novel tells the nurse Justina “I only believe in hell” shortly before dying. Gabriel García Márquez claimed that he was only able to finish writing One Hundred Years of Solitude after reading this novel. A man in this novel declares that he will “cross [his] arms” and let his town “die of hunger” after the death of Susana San Juan. In this novel, the narrator talks to Damiana Cisneros, Eduviges Dyada, and the mule-driver Abundio before realizing that they are all ghosts. For 10 points, name this novel in which Juan Preciado travels to Comala to meet his father, a work by Juan Rulfo. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 NASAT // rd: 06 | |
| tossup 242 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one of this author’s poems, a couple dancing to a country-and-western band leads the speaker to reminisce “America—your stupidity. I could almost love you again.” This author spent forty years working on a book-length poem which repeats the italicized phrase “walking on walking” and is named for a Chinese scroll painting. A book by this author of “I Went into the Maverick Bar” and Mountains and Rivers Without End ends with the manifesto “Four Changes,” and includes a poem pledging allegiance to the (*) soil of the title ecosystem “with joyful interpenetration for all.” A character based on this author prophecies a coming “rucksack revolution,” and climbs the Matterhorn along with Ray Smith. This author spent years living in Japan studying Zen Buddhism, and was the model for Japhy Ryder in The Dharma Bums. For 10 points, identify this Beat generation poet who used a Native American name for North America to title his collection Turtle Island. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Chicago Open // rd: 9 Asher + Liu | |
| tossup 243 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one short story by this author, a man reads what he thinks are love letters between two dogs, and eventually believes himself to be King of Spain. Dostoyevsky once said that "we all come out from underneath" an item created by this author in a story featuring the Person of Consequence, who does not help a government clerk. This author of "Diary of a Madman" wrote a story in which the barber Yakovlevich finds the title body part in his bread, as well as a story in which Akaky Akakievich has his title garment stolen. For 10 points, name this Russian author of "Diary of a Madman," "The Nose" and "The Overcoat." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Fall // rd: Dorman A | |
| tossup 244 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Phillip Guo's first project in "The PhD Grind" involves Klee, a program used for this task. Lithium is a Python utility that implements the delta version of this task. EJ Gauss analogized an algorithm for accomplishing this task to finding an animal in Alaska in his "Wolf Fence Algorithm" which git has implemented as bisect. Explaining your (*) methodology to an inanimate object like a rubber duck can expedite this process. Dump files are analyzed in utilities like gdb to assist in this task which uses break statements and print statements to try to triangulate the target issues. Performing this task is especially hard when dealing with issues that don't always appear in phenomenon named after Heisenberg. For 10 points name this process, first performed by Grace Hopper when she removed a moth from the Mark II computer. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WAO // rd: Editors 3 | |
| tossup 245 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This adjective describes a “stream” where the speaker wishes to “remain on a broad flat rock / And to cast a fishing-line forever!” in a poem by Wang Wei (“wong way”). Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “Dejection: An Ode” mentions a “light” described by this adjective “that lingers in the west.” Along with gold, this color describes a youthful speaker who is “carefree, famous among the barns” and “easy in the mercy of his means.” The speaker repeats this color in the poem (*) “Sleepwalking Romance” by Federico Garcia Lorca, stating “[this adjective] how I want you [this adjective].” In Dylan Thomas’s poem “Fern Hill,” the speaker says that “time held me [this color] and dying.” A beheading contest involving a warrior of this color was described by the Pearl Poet. For 10 points, name this color that identifies a knight fought by Sir Gawain. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Sun God Invitational // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 246 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The National Health Service's first public inquiry into how a hospital was run occurred following this thing happening in the 1980s at Stanley Royd Hospital. In that same decade, followers of cult leader Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh intentionally caused this to happen in order to keep rural Oregonians from voting in a local election. The cause of this thing was first observed by Karl Eberth in the lymph nodes of a person who had died from typhoid. The four-inch law governing (*) turtle sales was passed to prevent this disease from spreading. Stewart Parnell was sentenced to 28 years in prison for knowingly shipping a product contaminated with this disease while serving as the owner for the Peanut Corporation of America. The bacterium that causes this disease often spreads through feces. For 10 points, name this type of food poisoning commonly contracted from badly prepared poultry and eggs. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 A Culture of Improvement // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 247 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The mid-mesozoic types of these organisms lived in a mutualistic relationship with Kallgrammatid Lacewings. A type of these organisms is used to produce an illegal dietary supplement, ephedrine. There are four non-extinct phyla of these organism, which include (*) Gnetophyta and Cycadophyta. Another of these phyla only contains only one living species: when the seeds of that species decay, they smell like rancid butter. That species is the biloba. These organisms were the first seed plants. The name of this clade comes from the Greek for “naked seed.” For ten points, name these plants which produce needle-like leaves and cones and are contrasted with angiosperms. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Montgomery Blair Academic Tournament (MBAT) // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 248 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This writer described seeing a monk selling popular religious tracts to an old peasant but refusing to sell a vernacular copy of the Gospels. In the same text, this writer claimed that the hypocrisy of current society exceeds the hypocrisy of the Pharisees because people today allow themselves to be protected by armed policemen. A red thistle which lost its beauty when plucked is compared to a Muslim (*) freedom fighter in a story by this writer. This author created a character who regains his faith after a lightning storm threatens his family and a peasant named Fyodor talks to him. Another character created by this author argues with her lover Vronsky and then throws herself under a train. For 10 points, name this author of The Kingdom of God is Within You, Hadji Murad, and Anna Karenina. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 RAPTURE // rd: Round 3 | |
| tossup 249 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Types of these structures include “cirque” and “tidewater,” the latter of which are a type that terminate into the sea. On Mars, deposits from these structures can be found at many Martian volcanoes. These structures grow at accumulation zones (*) and shrink in ablation zones through a process known as calving. The specific term for the sedimentation left behind by these structures is “moraine,” and “terminal moraines” mark the maximum advance of these entities. For 10 points, name these dense bodies of moving ice. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 RMBCT // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 250 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protein mutated in Friedrich's Ataxia, frataxin, localizes to this organelle. This organelle is stained by a series of rosamine derivatives sold by Invitrogen, named [this organelle]-"tracker". Antibodies to proteins within it are present in 95% of primary billiary cirrhosis cases. Another dye that localizes here is nonyl acridine orange, which stains a bicyclic phospholipid called cardiolipin. The glycerol phosphate and malate-aspartate shuttles move reducing equivalents into it, and with the aid of the (*) carnitine shuttle it carries out beta-oxidation. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 THUNDER II // rd: THUNDER Round 3.doc | |
| tossup 251 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this collection recalls how he accepted his sudden paralysis and uses his eyes to ask whether anyone is in his store, and another character in this collection orders a listener to despise him after relating the story of how he got the crescent-shaped scar on his face. One story in this collection ends as a drop of water rolls down the face of the protagonist before he is killed by a volley from a firing squad, and another describes a character that borrows a Latin dictionary and effortlessly reads the Historia Naturalis after falling from his horse and becoming a cripple. One character in this collection walks into a wall of fire to discover that he cannot burn, and another character in this collection is driven by the approach of Captain Madden to shoot and kill the sinologist Stephen Albert. FTP, name this short story collection including The Form of the Sword, The Circular Ruins, and The Garden of Forking Paths, a work of Jorge Luis Borges. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Tyrone Slothrop Literature Singles // rd: Finals | |
| tossup 252 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The surface of these cells contains a receptor called ZP3, which is part of a glycoprotein layer on these cells called the zona pellucida. These cells are produced in a process which also generates several polar bodies. The corpus luteum forms after these cells develop. The production of these cells ceases after (*) follicles become insensitive to follicle stimulating hormone, which causes menopause. These cells travel down the Fallopian tube from the ovaries to the uterus, which occurs during the process of ovulation. The female gamete is--for 10 points--what cells, which can become fertilized by sperm? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 LOGIC // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 253 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Van Deemter's equation for this process accounts for Eddy-diffusion and mass transfer, and the Kovats index describes the time taken for one form of this process. Another form of this process uses high pressures to improve performance. The extent of the solvent front is used to calculate the retardation factor in the thin-layer form of this technique. Often performed in a silica-packed column, it involves mobile and stationary phases. A common demonstration of it involves using filter paper strips to separate pigments. For 10 points, name this group of techniques for separating mixtures. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Prison Bowl // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 254 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This property and persistence are possessed by the data structures in Clojure ("closure"). The opposite of this property in Haskell can be implemented with the State monad, ST monad, and I·O·Ref. Using an object with this property means that no defensive copies are needed. A class that has only accessor methods has this property and, thus, requires that a constructor be called to create a new object. Examples of classes with this property include Java's primitive wrapper classes and String class, as well as Python's tuples (TUH-pulls). Objects with this property are useful because they are intrinsically thread-safe and, in C and C++ ("c plus plus"), can be declared using the keyword "const." For 10 points, what property is possessed by objects that cannot have their states changed a er they are created, in contrast to mutable objects? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 ACF Regionals // rd: I | |
| tossup 255 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author’s writings loosely inspired a film in which the engineer Maboul faces off against the “Giant of the Snows.” A film based on this non-British writer’s books includes a shot of woman’s faces peering out of the stars of the (+) Big Dipper, and The Conquest of the Pole was inspired by this man’s books. Members of the Institute of Incoherent Geography ride a train off a mountain and into the mouth of a gaping sun in a film based on this man’s writings. A film based on this author’s writings opens with several men in comical wizard-like hats arguing, and ends with Selenites pursuing the protagonists as a capsule-like vehicle falls off a cliff into the ocean. This author’s work inspired a shot of a (*) spaceship landing in the eye of an anthropomorphized astronomical entity in a 1902 film, and his writings heavily inspired George Méliès’s early silent films The Impossible Voyage and A Trip to the Moon. For 10 points, name this French science-fiction writer. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: FILM // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 256 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The 28th stanza of this poem begins with a litany of interrupted phrases like "but how shall IÂ…" and "reach me aÂ…" This poem describes how "Hope had grown grey hairs, Hope had mourning on" during the central event. The speaker of the first section of this poem says "I am soft sift in an hourglass" and addresses God, saying "Thou has bound bones and veins in me, fastened me flesh." The second section of this poem begins with the words of Death, who says "Some find me a sword; some the flange and the rail; flame, fang, or flood." One character in this poem calls out "O Christ, Christ, come quickly." Another character is "pitched to his death at a blow" when he "stir[s] from the rigging to save the wild woman-kind below." This poem describes how the title ship "on Saturday sailed from Bremen, American-outward-bound." For 10 points, name this poem by Gerard Manley Hopkins about the death of five Franciscan nuns. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 257 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Polydore Vergil suggested that this man’s father was an organ-maker at the University of Oxford. The Swiss mercenary Martin Schwartz was hired to to raise an army for this man by Margaret of Burgundy. John de la Pole, the Earl of Lincoln, sailed to Dublin to attend this figure’s coronation, which was arranged by the (*) Earl of Kildare. After forces supporting this person were defeated at the Battle of Stoke Field, he was employed as a spit-turner in the royal kitchens. For 10 points, name this pretender during the reign of Henry VII who was spared execution, unlike Perkin Warbeck. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Cambridge Open // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 258 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The flgB ["f-l-g-b"] operon controls transcription of the distal rod protein of its blepharoplast, and fliF proteins aggregate into the MS ring of this structure. The secretion system referred to as T3SS uses a simpler version of one component of this organelle. Nexin links the components of these organelles together, preventing them from being dissolved, while its shaft passes through four rings, rather than two, in Gram-negative bacteria. In eukaryotes their motion results from the alternating movements of two sets of dynein arms, while those of prokaryotes are screw-shaped and rotate. The defining external feature of sperm cells, these are, for 10 points, what long structures in eukaryotes that whip back and forward to allow for movement? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 ACF Winter // rd: Harvard | |
| tossup 259 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The U.S. Naval Observatory is the official residence for holders of this office, which Spiro Agnew resigned when he was charged with tax fraud. This post was vacant during the administrations of John Tyler and Millard Fillmore, who both became (*) President after they held this post. Ties in the U.S. Senate are broken by, for 10 points, what executive branch post recently held by Dick Cheney? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 260 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This locale traded copper and beads with Werowocomoco. One of its leaders held a gun to the head of its enemy Opechancanough, who raided this place twice. It was originally built with wooden walls as a triangular fort while Christopher Newport was captain of the Susan Constant. Baron de la Warr arrived at this place after its “starving time.” Strict rationing and tobacco growth helped save this settlement at the behest of John Rolfe. For 10 points, name this colony which fought the Powhatans and was settled by English colonists such as John Smith in what’s now Virginia in 1607. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BHSAT // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 261 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Publisher William Hone and architect James Bevans helped publicize the case of an American Marine named James Norris whose intestines burst while in this place. A fictional man from this place is sought by a woman named Maudlin and asks the listener for "Any food, any feeding". Edward Wakefield repeatedly visited this place when preparing an 1815 report on how it should be reformed. The Monro family long controlled this home of (*) Tom, of ballad fame. After 1770, gawkers had to receive permission from its governor to visit. It was founded in 1247 by Simon FitzMary. The final scene in Hogarth's A Rake's Progress is set here. This place lost its monopoly after the founding of St. Luke's Hospital in 1751. For 10 points, name this onetime mental institution, whose name is synonymous with chaos. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 A Culture of Improvement // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 262 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A critical event in this work occurs when a bike crash causes the protagonist's large forehead to match up with Sonny's forcep-hollows. One character in this novel glimpses his wife through a perforated sheet; their daughter forces herself to love her husband part-by-part, and their daughter in turn sings through another perforated sheet for modesty. Aadam is the son of Parvati-the-witch and the antagonist of this novel, who was switched with the telepathic protagonist at birth, thus fulfilling a prophecy of "knees and a nose". For 10 points, name this novel featuring Shiva, Saleem Sinai, and others born with magical powers during the partition of India, written by Salman Rushdie. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Prison Bowl // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 263 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One literary character with this profession was a "Total Demoralizator" in Annexia before meeting William Lee; that character's name is Benway in the novel Naked Lunch. The character Daneeka is a member of this profession and finally utilizes his skills after Snowden's death in Catch-22. Another character is the only practitioner of this job in fictional Wheatsylvania, North Dakota, where his wife Leora's family lives. FTP, Sinclair Lewis's character Martin Arrowsmith is a member of what profession, in which he tries to treat an epidemic of plague on the island of St. Hubert? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Delta Burke // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 264 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man introduced dot notation to indicate derivatives, which are used in a method named for him to recursively find roots of a function. He generalized the binomial theorem to all real exponents. Simultaneously with Gottfried (*) Leibniz [LIBE-nits], he invented calculus, whose principles are outlined in his Principia Mathematica. For 10 points, name this English mathematician, whose mathematical insights led him to develop his three laws of motion. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 SCOP MS 5 // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 265 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poet observed "Yet happy they whom Grief doth bless, / That weep the more, and see the less" in a poemthat was written as a response to Richard Crashaw's "The Weeper." This author of "Eyes and Tears" addresses a manby noting "But thou, the war's and fortune's son, / March indefatigably on" and likening him to "A Caesar he erelong to Gaul, / To Italy an Hannibal." He told the story of Isabel Thwaites in a poem about Thomas Fairfax'scountry home, Appleton House. In another poem by him, the speaker notes "the grave's a fine and private place / butnone, I think, do there embrace," and describes hearing "Time's wingèd chariot hurrying near." For 10 points, namethis English metaphysical poet of "An Horatian Ode Upon Cromwell's Return from Ireland" and "To His CoyMistress." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Regionals // rd: UTK A + Ilinois A + Princeton | |
| tossup 266 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An oft-pregnant character in this novel, Clara, describes how her son Arthur likes to roll up balls of his own shit and hide them around her house. A graduate student in this novel nicknamed Fish argues that modern art symbolizes copulation instead of birth while explaining his thesis "Malthus and the Creative Metaphor." The protagonist of this novel works at Seymour Surveys, and lives with Ainsley Tewce, who seduces Leonard Slank in order to become pregnant. The protagonist sleeps with another graduate student, Duncan, after escaping from a party thrown by her fiancee, Peter Wollander. This novel's final section shifts back from third person to first person after the protagonist bakes a cake shaped like herself, ending her increasing aversion to various types of food. For 10 points, name this book about ► Marian McAlpin's inability to eat food that reminds her of the human body, the debut novel of Margaret Atwood. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Gaddis II // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 267 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Nine years after it was quashed, affiliates of its fomenters captured Hua during the Eight Trigrams Uprising. Several years before it, Wang Lun led a precursor to this revolt. Internal strife during it stemmed from the massive corruption of the Qianlong Emperor's favorite, Heshen, whose ouster at the hands of the Jiaqing Emperor helped put this rebellion down. The agitators of this uprising believed in the coming of the Maitreya and led a secret organization. It was centered in mountains between Hubei, Shaanxi, and Sichuan provinces. For 10 points, name this uprising against the Qing Dynasty, a rebellion that occurred from 1796 to 1804 and is named for a Buddhist society. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ACF Nationals // rd: MN A Chicago B - Final.docx | |
| tossup 268 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One theorem named for this figure states that any smooth conformal mapping on R3 is a composition of inversion, inversion, translation, orthogonal transformation, and similarities. He showed that every irrational algebraic number is within a distance of c divided by q to the n of some rational number p over q, a result which was improved to Roth's theorem. One method partly named for him finds constants lambda such that the negative d dx of p of x times dy dx plus q of x times y equals lambda times w of x times y has a solution by finding a series of orthogonal eigenfunctions; that method is commonly applied to the (*) wave equation in one dimension. One theorem named for him has the fundamental theorem of algebra as a corollary and state that every bounded entire function must be constant. For 10 points, name this mathematician who proved the existence of transcendental numbers and who names a method of solving a particular type of second-order differential equation with Sturm. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Editors 3 | |
| tossup 269 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A membrane associated with this organelle is implicated in ALS, and the CoRR hypothesis explains one unique feature of these organelles. The intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia lacks these organelles, while para-basalids possess hydro-genosomes in their absence. The Baffle model attempted to explain the organization of this organelle's (*) inner membrane, which actually fold into cristae. Like the chloroplast, this organelle possesses and independent genome, and it is the location of oxidative phosphorylation. For 10 points, name this organelle that synthesizes most of the cell’s ATP, colloquially known as the “powerhouse of the cell.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 270 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This king projected his naval power by hiring the pirate Dicaearchus, a mercenary known for building altars to Lawlessness and Impiety whenever he attacked a city. This king made a strategic blunder in intervening against the pirate Scerdilaidas to restore the turf of his preferred pirate, Demetrius of Pharos. Harassment by the Aetolian League led this king to restore his alliance with the Achaean League, led by his possible gay lover, Aratus of Sicyon. This signatory of the Peace of (*) Phoenice took the throne after the death of Antigonus Doson, his regent when he was a child. After his defeat, a Roman general went to the Isthmian Games to issue a proclamation of "freedom" for the Greeks. This king provoked Rome's ire by forming an alliance with Hannibal in the middle of the Second Punic War, and ultimately fell to Roman arms under Titus Quinctius Flamininus. For 10 points, name this Antigonid king of Macedon defeated by Roman armies at the Battle of Cynoscephalae. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Chicago Open // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 271 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One commonly used method for determining the age of these bodies relies on measuring the abundance of lithium and beryllium within them. By comparing photographic plates of one of these bodies taken at different times, Adriaan van Maanen was able to measure proper motion within that body. These bodies are classified under a scheme developed by Robert Trumpler. One alternate name for these bodies is due to the fact that they are often located in or near (*) galactic planes. These bodies are not found in elliptical galaxies, since there is very little star formation there. Examples of these objects include the Praesepe, the Hyades, and the Pleiades. For 10 points, name these low-density groups of relatively young stars. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Western Invitational Tournament // rd: Louisville B + Chicago A + Imperial A | |
| tossup 272 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 8. An essay titled partially after this author that analyzes the dichotomy between the grotesque and carnivalesque in literature was written by Mikhail Bakhtin. After Friar John and one of this author’s characters defeat Lord Picrochole, the former establishes an institution whose motto is “Do What Thou Wilt,” called The Abbey of (*) Theleme. In this author’s most famous novel, a character who knows 63 ways of making money and 214 ways of spending it, named Panurge, accompanies the two title giants. For 10 points, name this French author of Gargantua and Pantagruel. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 BASK // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 273 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A parameter used to calculate the strength of this interaction is represented by the letter zeta, and typically has units of cm-1. Intersystem crossing is more likely in heavy atoms because of the greater strength of this interaction. The term in the Hamiltonian representing this phenomenon contains a term proportional to Z effective over radius cubed. This non-vibrational interaction allows in the appearance of weak bands that correspond to (*) spin-forbidden transitions. A factor of ½ appears in the Hamiltonian for this phenomenon due to Thomas precession. This phenomenon is responsible for the splitting of the sodium D line. The fine structure corrections consist of terms for relativity, the Darwin term, and this interaction. This phenomenon results in a 2J+1 degeneracy, and depending on the mass of the atom, consists of either J-J coupling, or Russell-Saunders coupling between the quantum numbers L and S. For 10 points, name this phenomenon in which electrons interact with their motion around the nucleus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 (This) Tournament is a Crime // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 274 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This was the surname of a man who headed a namesake commission in 1919 to investigate the mistreatment of Jews in Poland. That man with this last name resigned an ambassadorship in protest of the Armenian genocide and was the grandfather of Barbara Tuchman. Another man with this surname was replaced in his most notable position in 2009 by Cyrus Vance Jr. A politician with this last name had such assistants as Andrew Cuomo and Eliot Spitzer and was in charge of such cases as the Central Park Jogger. Another man with this surname called for a namesake plan urging that postwar Germany be ruthlessly partitioned into separate, agrarian states. That man with this surname led the Treasury Department during the Bretton Woods Conference. For 10 points, give this surname held by longtime New York District Attorney Robert and FDR's Treasury Secretary Henry. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Editors 6 | |
| tossup 275 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One observer of these creatures claims to be from Whirly Wood, Connecticut, and that characterlikes to chew candles and eat the olives from her mother's martinis. Another observer of thesecreatures calls a fellow elevator passenger a "sneak" for looking at his feet. These creatures are firstseen from atop a rubber float after "two snobs" snub a wave. These creatures (*) swim into holes,where they eat as many as seventy-eight pieces of fruit and die after growing too fat to get back out. Afterseeing these creatures, one character goes back to the hotel room where his wife Muriel is sleeping andshoots himself. For 10 points, name these creatures seen by Sybil Carpenter and Seymour Glass in a shortstory by J.D. Salinger about a "Perfect Day for" them. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 PACE NSC // rd: 25 | |
| tossup 276 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Less notable aspects of this document include clauses that men can't be imprisoned because of a female claim unless it's in regards to the death of her husband, and that no town or person could be forced to build a bridge. This document also made it legal for Jews to practice usury, since they were not Christians, they could not be excommunicated for charging interest on loans. This document is perhaps more well known for the implementation of the concepts of habeas corpus and the establishment of a twenty-five baron council to keep the king in check. For 10 points, name this document that greatly curtailed the power of King John, written in 1215. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 MUT // rd: MUT II - Maryland.doc | |
| tossup 277 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A naive “grade school” algorithm with this complexity was improved by Karatsuba using divide and conquer. If all the elements are partitioned on one side of the pivot every time, quicksort has this complexity. This function of n is about the number of edges in a (*) complete graph with n vertices. Selection and insertion sort both have this worst-case complexity, and big-O of [read slowly] “n log n plus two n plus n squared” approximates to this complexity. If both have n iterations, nesting a for-loop inside another for-loop takes this many iterations total. For 10 points, give this function of n that gives the number of entries in a matrix that has both n rows and n columns. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 278 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An attempt to avoid the expropriation of property belonging to these people by selling it into a "secret trust" for $1 was ruled an improper evasion of the Edmunds-Tucker Act. The legitimacy of these people's children was addressed in Cope v. Cope, and the swearing of an oath against being one of these people as a prerequisite to vote was upheld in Davis v. Beason. Members of this group,including George Smith and Daniel Wells, engineered a test case of the (*) 1862 Morrill Act, which led the Supreme Court to declare that "Laws are made for the government of actions, and while they cannot interfere with mere religious belief and opinions, they may with practices." For 10 points, name these people at the center of the 1879 Reynolds v. U.S. case, one of many cases allowing the federal government to look askance at their practice of polygamy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 College History Bowl // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 279 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One poem from this collection begins "What should I be but a prophet and a liar, whose mother was a leprechaun, whose father was a friar?" That poem, "The Singing-Woman from the Wood's Edge," joins ones entitled "Macdougal Street," "The Unexplorer," and "Portrait by a Neighbor." This 23-poem collection ends with four sonnets, the last of which declares "I shall forget you presently." In other lines, the poet muses "And if I loved you Wednesday, Well what is that to you? I do not love you Thursday" and "Safe upon the solid rock the ugly houses stand: Come and see my shining palace built upon the sand," but more famous is the opening ►line "My candle burns at both ends; it will not last the night." FTP, name this early collection by Edna St. Vincent Millay. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2007 The Experiment // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 280 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A ruler of this kingdom was advised by John Young and Isaac Davis, who taught him how to use weapons found on the Fair American. A ruler of this kingdom issued a decree allowing noncombatants to "lie down to sleep by the roadside" without threat of injury. This kingdom was governed by the kapu law code. The Law of the Splintered Paddle originated in this kingdom. In 1893, Lorrin Thurston and Sanford Dole were among those who overthrew this kingdom's final monarch. It was eventually annexed by the United States under William McKinley. For 10 points, name this kingdom that was led by Liliuokalani and Kamehameha from Honolulu. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Fall // rd: VA Tech A and Kentucky B and Case Western Reserve | |
| tossup 281 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One form of this phenomenon involves tying cyclotron frequencies to degenerate Landau levels, and is performed on gallium arsenide interfaces, although it was recently discovered in room-temperature graphene. A class of low-impulse spacecraft ion thrusters are based on and named for this phenomenon. A filling factor for a type of this phenomenon multiplies a standardized resistance. That factor was found to take on rational values, which earned Klaus von Klitzing the Nobel Prize. The inverse of the carrier density is proportional to this effect's namesake coefficient. For 10 points, name this physical effect, the voltage difference across a conductor in a magnetic field. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Prison Bowl // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 282 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character looks like his great uncle, who sent a substitute to the Civil War and started a family hardware business. In his “younger and more vulnerable years,” he was told not to criticize people who may not have had his advantages. He has a love affair with the golfer (*) Jordan Baker and went to a funeral with Henry Gatz. The second cousin once removed of Daisy Buchanan, for 10 points, identify this narrator of The Great Gatsby. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 SCOP MS 5 // rd: Replacements | |
| tossup 283 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 14. During the Civil War. the battles of Westport and Wilson’s Creek occurred in this state. John C. Fremont married the daughter of a senator from this state, whose opposition to paper money earned him the nickname “Old Bullion” and was named Thomas Hart Benton. In the Election of 1860, this was the only state won by (*) Stephen Douglas in its entirety. In Dred Scott v. Sandford, the Supreme Court struck down a law that established a line at 36°30′, this state’s southern border, above which slavery was illegal. For ten points, name this state which was admitted to the Union with Maine in an 1820 compromise named after it. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 LIST IV // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 284 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One important figure in this conflict later led an expedition to drive Yaqub Beg out of Xinjiang. The lijin tax was instituted during this conflict. A massacre during it occurred when minister of state Yang Xiuqing attempted to seize power. Zuo Zongtang and Li Hongzhang were among those to lead local armies during it. This rebellion began among the Hakka people, and it at first advocated the segregation of men and women and the abolishment of private property. The Hunan Army was raised to put down this rebellion and was led by Zeng Guofan. It originated with the God Worshippers' Society, and this rebellion's leader, Hong Xiuquan, claimed to be the brother of Jesus. For 10 points, name this mid-nineteenth century Chinese rebellion that attempted to establish a "Heavenly Kingdom." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ACF Winter // rd: ACF Winter 2010 - Chicago A + LASA.pdf | |
| tossup 285 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this work wins a picture contest involving red and blue boxes by presenting a work he painted while exiled at Suma. In a chapter in this novel titled “Broom Tree,” several men meet on a rainy night and discuss the various types of women. After an orphan with the (*) same name as this novel’s author dies, the protagonist of this novel undergoes a depression and is implied to die in the blank chapter “Vanished Into the Clouds.” This novel’s title character has an affair with Lady Fujitsubo despite being married to the courtesan Lady Aoi. For 10 points, name this potentially first novel in the world, a Heian-era work by Lady Murasaki. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 HFT X // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 286 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A collection of travel essays by a thinker from this country criticizes Catholic priests for trying to trick the poor into conversion with charity and uses the example of a cuckolded husband named Bibri in a brutal critique of Parisian society. A thinker applied Husserl's phenomenology to philosophical questions from this country in Appearance and Sense. A writer from this country who used the "anthill of humanity" as a metaphor for materialism belonged to a group of nationalists who promoted an ideology called "from the soil." The essay collections (*) Winter Notes on Summer Impressions and A Writer's Diary are by a thinker from this country, where nationalists endorsed an official monarchist ideology developed in the 1820s that was based on principles of Nationality, Autocracy, and Orthodoxy. For 10 points, name this country whose Slavophiles included the author of The Possessed, Fyodor Dostoevsky. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Naveed Bork Memorial Tournament // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 287 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Before this battle, Callimachus casted a deciding vote in favor of attack. This battle occurred after the fall of Eretria, an ally of the winning army, whose forces included a thousand troops from Plataea. This battle saw the winning side's flanks push through to encircle the stronger troops in the center, led by the victorious commander, Miltiades. In legend, its victors sent a courier named Pheidippides to report the victory in Athens. For 10 points, name this battle that ended the invasion of Greece by Darius I of Persia, and gave its name to a modern-day twenty-six-mile race. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ACF Novice // rd: Early Autumn Collegiate Novice - Packet 10.pdf | |
| tossup 288 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One enzyme in this process known as acontinase is involved in a rehydration reaction after a dehydration one. Ubiquinone is degraded in one step by a protein using a FADH2 cofactor, and fumarate is formed in the only membrane-bound step of this process. This process takes place in the mitochondrial matrix after pyruvate decarboxylation forms acetyl coenzyme A, and it produces NADH. For 10 points, name this metabolic pathway that is followed by the electron transport chain, an anaerobic process central to cellular respiration. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 289 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: To atone for his violent rise to power over his siblings, this ruler married his son to his nephew's daughter, Salima Begum, and his daughters to his nephews, Sipihr Shikoh and Izid Bakhsh. Policy changes implemented by this ruler include the banning of the printing of the kalima on coins and discontinuation of the practice of jharokha darshan. This ruler's ascent to power was completed with his victory at the battle of (*) Samugarh. This ruler exercised his religious intolerance by reinstating his empire's jizya tax and executing Tegh Bahadur for refusing to convert from Sikhism to Islam. The chief military rival of the Marathan ruler Shivaji, for 10 points, name this predecessor of Bahadur Shah I and successor to Shah Jahan who ruled the Mughal Empire during its greatest extent. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SUBMIT // rd: Illinois A, Alabama, Yale B | |
| tossup 290 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This general offered to pardon Friedrich Staps after Staps attempted to assassinate this general, but Staps refused, claiming that “To kill you would not have been a crime, but a duty!” That failed assassination attempt on this general followed a campaign in which this general was defeated while attempting to cross the Danube in the Battle of Aspern-Essling, then defeated (*) Archduke Charles at the Battle of Wagram. This monarch set up the Confederation of the Rhine, which was acknowledged by Alexander I of Russia in the Treaties of Tilsit. This monarch had earlier defeated an alliance of Alexander I of Russia and Francis I of Austria during the War of the Third Coalition. For 10 points, name this French emperor who won the Battle of Austerlitz. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Terrapin // rd: 09 | |
| tossup 291 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: According to Pliny, a scholar from Alexandria named Sosigenes was consulted for this reform, but other sources state that it was proposed by Aristarchus of Samos. This reform eliminated the need for an entity called "Mercedonius," which was introduced by Numa Pompilius to allow for intercalation. This reform affected a system that was often visualized on public markers called fasti, and which followed the "nundinal cycle." The occurrence of (*) kalends or nones within Sextilis and Januarius was not changed by this reform, which was introduced in 45 BC. This reform was once believed to have introduced "Undecember" and "Duodecember" as extra months. For 10 points. name this timekeeping reform named for a Roman dictator, which was replaced in the modern era by a "Gregorian" system. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 292 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In plasmas, E + v cross B equals zero is often called the MHD version of this law and implies the flux-freezing theorem. This equations proportionality constant in the Drude model is number density times charge squared times mean free time over mass. A metal-semiconductor junction with zero or negative Schottky barrier height forms a contact named for its adherence to this law. At large forward biases, the Shockley equation stops being accurate and diodes will have a linear I-V curve as described by this law. A simple generalization of it sets current density equal to the electric field times conductivity. For AC circuits, it replaces one quantity with impedance. For ten points, name this law which states that the current times resistance equals the voltage. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 DEES // rd: Virginia B | |
| tossup 293 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this novel gives free haircuts at a mission after being abandoned by his wife, who poisoned his dog before leaving, while another character in this novel, Sandra, is found dead with parts of her face gnawed off by dogs. Another character nostalgically recalls her time as a singer at the saloon where Oscar Reo tends bar, the Gilded Cage. The protagonist of this novel is seduced by a married woman who once wandered outside wearing only a hat, (*) Katrina Daugherty, and he travels for a time with the Vassar-educated former pianist Helen Archer. The protagonist of this novel had gone into self-imposed exile after using his baseball-throwing skills to kill Howard Allen, a scab trolley conductor, by throwing a rock. The central character of this novel accidentally dropped and killed Gerald, his infant son. For 10 points, name this novel that sees Francis Phelan encounter ghosts, the third in the Albany Series by William Kennedy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Chicago Open // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 294 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This practice was documented by a Greek diplomat named Emanuel Timoni, and John Fewster played a role in the development of this practice. Six prisoners were released from Newgate prison after they survived Charles Maitland's experiments with this practice. An expedition led by Francisco Balmis brought this practice to the Americas, and Lady Montagu introduced it to Europe from the Ottoman empire. A (*) child named James Phipps was the first object of this practice in England; that instance of this practice was carried out by a man who had observed the blisters on the hands of Sarah Nelmes, a milkmaid. For 10 points, name this practice pioneered by Edward Jenner which protected recipients against a certain disease. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SUBMIT // rd: Editors 2 | |
| tossup 295 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Mostafa Tolba's article on this agreement discusses the importance of a preceding meeting in Leesburg, which established a document with eighteen sets of brackets within the second article. Article Ten of this agreement outlines the benefits from an organization known as the GEF, while another portion of this agreement describes the formation of an Executive Committee consisting of seven fully developed countries and seven Article Five countries that would distribute the Multilateral Fund. This treaty was signed in the wake of the research of Mario Molina, and its wording was largely derived from a similar agreement in Vienna in 1985. The Beijing Amendment was a modification to this treaty in 1999, whose main sections call for the phasing out of HCFCs and CFCs. For 10 points, name this 1989 treaty whose signatories sought to cut the depletion of the Ozone Layer, named for a city in Canada. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Illinois Open // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 296 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This organism's genome acquired a virulence factor from the 933W prophage. One product of thisorganism, which is named for a different bacterium, is a toxin whose A subunit cleaves the 28Sribosomal RNA and whose B subunit binds to globo-tri-aosyl-ceramide. Children infected by thisorganism can suffer from a form of kidney failure similar to TTP called hemolytic-uremic syndrome.Unusually for its species, it fails the Sereny invasion test, it cannot grow in 0.15% bile salts, and it doesnot ferment (*) sorbitol. It's not Shigella, but this organism has the ability to produce shiga-like toxin.For 10 points, name this infectious gram-negative bacterium, which has the serotype O157:H7, istransmitted by undercooked hamburgers, and causes bloody diarrhea. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Closed // rd: Columbia A & Ottawa | |
| tossup 297 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The history of these objects is a major interest of the anthropologist Regula Tschumi, who has claimed that Ataa Oko was the first to experiment with the abebuu adekai style of these objects. The creation of these religious objects is the subject of the documentary Paa Joe and the Lion. Workshops that specialize in creating these objects include one founded by Kane (*) Kwei, whose grandson Eric Adjetey Anang continues the family business. Many people order custom versions of these objects shaped like aspects of their professional lives in a religious tradition from Ghana. For 10 points, go ahead and put the “fun” in “funeral” by identifying these objects in which a human body is typically buried. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 RAPTURE // rd: Round 3 | |
| tossup 298 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these items made of metal with movable parts was found in the Moon Pyramid at Moche, Peru. The Sinhalese had 19 distinct examples of these items, which were associated with sickness demons. One of these items found in Monte Alban formed of 25 pieces of jade is associated with the Zapotec bat god. Another of these items made of jade was found in Pacal the Great’s sarcophagus. One of these items made from a single hammered gold sheet was found at Mycenae by Heinrich Schliemann, but is unlikely to actually represent Agamemnon. For 10 points, what elaborate items in Mesoamerican civilisations often depicted the facial features of the dead? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 Oxford Online // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 299 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: When the differential acceleration due to a force described by this adjective is greater than the gravitational binding acceleration, this type of “stripping” will occur. For a natural satellite, the so-called equation of a force described by this adjective is two times big G times mass of the primary body times radius of the satellite, all over distance cubed. The Roche limit is the nearest a satellite can get to its primary body without being (*) ripped asunder by this type of force. This force distorts a satellite's shape into a prolate spheroid and causes Io's spectacular volcanism. For Earth, the moon's contribution to this type of force is approximately twice that of the Sun's contribution. For 10 points, name this type of force that causes a namesake periodic rise and fall of sea level on Earth. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MUT // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 300 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Erik Jarvik reclassified these organisms as members of the less-complex holocephalians after examining the premaxillary bones of their skull roofs. The male members of the Lepidosiren genus of these animals develop vascularized filaments in their pelvic appendages so that they provide oxygen to their eggs. The Protopterus, but not the Neoceratodus, type of these sarcopterygians engages in estivation by creating a cocoon of mucus and burying itself in mud. The "marbled" African type of these animals has the largest known animal genome, while the South American type of these so-called "living fossils" possess two of the namesake structures, which it uses in place of gills during certain times of the year. For 10 points, name these most primitive living fish, which are able to sustain themselves by consuming oxygen from air. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 18 | |
| tossup 301 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This nation lost American support and gained Soviet support during a war that began with an invasion by its eastern neighbor and led to the downfall of Mengistu Haile Mariam’s government. This country’s final monarch appealed to the League of Nations after it was invaded by a European power that this nation had earlier defeated at the Battle of (*) Adwa under Menelik II. The Derg regime governed this country after the fall of its Solomonic Dynasty. In 1936, this country was invaded by Benito Mussolini’s Italy, forcing its monarch Haile Selassie into exile. For 10 points, name this African country with capital at Addis Ababa. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 LOGIC // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 302 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this play, a henpecked husband admits that the has been practicing the same flute sonata for five years, shortly before his wife orders him to button up his coat, because it's cold. After hearing the country's capital city praised, one character in this play recalls a man who ran a travelling children's ballet company but sold the children to pay his debts. The main female character in this play faints after watching through a window as the man she loves falls off his horse and breaks his arm. At the end of Act 3 of this play, that character starts a rumors that the protagonist has gone (*) mad, which other people then attribute to a gunshot wound or reading Voltaire. The colonel Skalozub is hungry for promotion in this play, in which Famusov's daughter is falsely courted by his secretary Molchalin, who doesn't really love her. For 10 points, Sofia Pavlovna rejects her childhood sweetheart, the idealistic Chatskii, in what satirical verse drama by Alexander Griobyedov? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Chicago Open // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 303 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Workers of this resource engaged in the Battle of Orgreave, and the Colorado National Guard killed two dozen workers of this resource in the Ludlow massacre. The Ruhr region has traditionally worked this resource, and a series of Italian revolutionary societies named the (*) Carbonari were composed of workers in this resource. Along with steel, this resource names a precursor to the European Union, and Teddy Roosevelt helped end a 1902 strike in this resource. Children called “breaker boys” were frequently used to gather this resource in the Industrial Revolution. For 10 points, name this resource whose workers are prone to miner’s lung. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 HFT X // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 304 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A Frenchman named Pascal Payet has performed this type of action several times using the same type of vehicle. Monopoly sets with a red dot over the “Free Parking” space and structures named for “Tom,” “Dick,” and “Harry” have been used for this action. Benito Mussolini achieved this type of action through the (*) Gran Sasso Raid, and American POWs performed a “Great” one of these during World War II. Two people who tried to perform this action in 1962 using a makeshift raft are presumed to have drowned in San Francisco Bay. For 10 points, name this action by which one might illegally leave Alcatraz. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 305 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote a short story that is only six paragraphs long, and which begins with the sentence: “I am losing my interest in human beings; in the significance of their lives and their actions.” One of this author’s protagonists gets into an argument with her father, a former colonel in the Confederate army, over her unwillingness to attend her sister’s wedding. In a story by this author of “The Night Came Slowly,” the protagonist mutters the words “free, free, free!” after hearing that her husband has died in a railroad accident, but then dies of a heart attack when that husband returns alive. This author of “The Story of an Hour” wrote a novella whose protagonist considers having an affair with Robert Lebrun while vacationing on Grand Isle in Louisiana. For 10 points, Edna Pontellier’s identity as a woman rather than just as a wife or mother is kindled in what author’s novella The Awakening? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ACF Regionals // rd: Packet M (Columbia A, Wesleyan, and Chicago A) | |
| tossup 306 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Whittaker functions can be used to solve the Schrödinger equation for this scientist’s namesake potential. As alkali metals are immersed in water, their valence electrons are solvated, causing the atoms to violently separate in an explosion named for this scientist. To enable fusion to occur at temperatures below 10-to-the-tenth kelvins, quantum tunneling is used to surpass this scientist’s “barrier.” Collections of particles governed by this scientist’s law cannot be (*) stationary by Earnshaw’s theorem. The constant 8.99 times 10-to-the-ninth newton meters-squared per [his namesake unit]-squared appears in this scientist’s law, which multiplies the magnitude of two charges and is divided by their distance squared. For 10 points, what physicist is the namesake of the SI unit of charge? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 307 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This compound, when dissolved in carbon tetrachloride, is used in Mason et al.'s technique to isolate disaturated phos-phatidyl-choline from broncho-alveolar lavage samples. This compound's bipyridine derivative reacts preferentially with thymine when exposed to DNA and can be used to probe tryptophan residues in proteins. When complexed with meth-enamine, this compound attains a slight polarity and is a safer alternative for staining lipid organelles in tissue fixation. Sodium per-iodate regenerates this compound in a reaction in which this compound cleaves alkenes in a manner similar to ozonolysis. In another reaction using this compound, the stereochemistry is controlled by chiral quinine ligands and uses this compound, regenerated by NMO, to convert alkenes into 1,2 diols. This compound is found in the Lemieux-Johnson reagent, and is used in the Upjohn and Sharpless dihydroxylation reactions. For 10 points, name this reagent that contains the densest element in a +8 oxidation state. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Chicago Open // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 308 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Before using this thing, a woman repeats the cry "Wise!" despite her husband's insistence it is "foolish". After the final time it is used, a man opens a door to reveal "a quiet and deserted road". This thing was created by "a very holy man... to show that fate ruled people's lives" and its first owner ended up killing himself. It is thrown onto the fire by Sergeant-Major Morris, who obtained it while abroad in India. This item is last being used to prevent the presumably horribly mutilated Herbert from entering his parents' home. This thing is responsible for Mr. and Mrs. White earning 200 pounds but only through the workplace death of their son. For 10 points, name this title object of a W. W. Jacobs story which grants three wishes, albeit in horrible ways. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 NASAT // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 309 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one of this author’s plays, a character who didn’t fix a chimney is tortured by “helpers and servants” and closes his doors to “younger people.” A 2017 Broadway play by Lucas Hnath was a sequel to one of this man’s plays whose protagonist has the first “serious conversation” in eight years. One of this writer’s characters dances the tarantella to prevent her husband from finding a letter from (*) Krogstad. This man wrote the play The Master Builder, and Dr. Rank declares his love for one of his characters who chooses to leave her husband Torvald. For 10 points, name this Norwegian playwright who created Nora Helmer in A Doll’s House. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 310 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Clement Marot translated six works by this author to curry favor in Francis I‟s court. The first French collection modeled on this author‟s works are a cycle of 449 dizains that comprise the emblem book Délie. Troilus states "If it‟s not love, then what is it that I feel?" in the first English translation of one of this author‟s works. In 1501, Pietro Bembo published an Aldine version of this author‟s works, and chose not to use the title of Rerum Vulgarium Fragmenta for them. A2002 translation of this author made by Anthony Kline includes a poem stating "the clearest knowledge of how the world‟s delight is a brief dream" after opening "You who hear the sound, in scattered rhymes." Fourteen years before he was crowned Rome‟s poet laureate, this author wrote a collection that idealized the love of a woman whom he met in Avignon. For 10 points, name this author who wrote a collection of 366 poems about Laura de Noves, titled Il Canzoniere. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: MIT A | |
| tossup 311 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Transversions are types of this change, as is the creation of a stop codon too early in the "nonsense" examples. Sickle-cell anemia results from the point type of this phenomenon. These events may be (*) beneficial or deleterious, and if a number of nucleotides not divisible by 3 is inserted or deleted, that is the "frameshift" type of this event. Radiation is a common cause of this event that may lead to cancer. For 10 points, name these events that damage DNA. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 SCOP Novice // rd: Replacements | |
| tossup 312 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A vanishing configurational entropy associated an ideal form of this material was explored by Kauzmann. An isostatic network is ideal for the formation of this material, whose properties can be predicted with rigidity theory. A polymer transitions from a state described by this term to a soft, rubbery material at a transition temperature named for this material. Cooling the surface of this material faster than its interior produces it in a (*) “tempered” form. Adding boron trioxide greatly lowers this material's coefficient of thermal expansion. The process of vitrification transforms a substance into this material, which is most commonly made of silicon dioxide and contains trace amounts of soda lime. For 10 points, name this non-crystalline amorphous solid that is transparent and is used in windows. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MUT // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 313 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Cabral and Leedom proposed a method for visualizing these mathematical objects called LIC, which assigns values to pixels using a convolution kernel. These objects and their components can be visualized using a quiver plot. Ugly animation flips result when one tries to visualize two of these objects in R3 that are both orthogonal to each other and non-zero at every point, due to a result called the hairy ball theorem. By traversing particles through a specific type of these objects, one can generate a (*) streamline and visualize a flow. If one of these objects is irrotational, then it is also conservative, meaning it is defined by the gradient of a function. Forces such as gravity are represented using, for 10 points, what constructs in which every point in space has a magnitude and direction? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 314 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Lewis Sheridan Leary, a veteran of the Oberlin-Wellington Rescue, was killed at this site. The United Daughters of the Confederacy erected a controversial monument to a "faithful slave" named Heyward Shepherd who was killed at this location. Dixon S. Miles died unsuccessfully trying to prevent this hard-to-defend town from falling to Stonewall Jackson in September 1862. The historically black (*) Stoner College is located here. An attack on this town was put down when the attackers were trapped in an engine room by Colonel Robert E. Lee on October 18, 1859. That attack was led by a man trying to obtain arms from this site to spark a slave revolt. For 10 points, name this town at the eastern tip of modern-day West Virginia where a federal arsenal was raided by John Brown. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 315 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these concepts was applied to geodesic curvature by Hertz, but started as an application of least- squares to Z, or the "constraint," and was derived by Gauss. In quantum mechanics, one of these ideas centering on the T-matrix is used to derive the Lippman-Schwinger equation. Another of these ideas was derived by conceiving of Newton's second law in terms of an "inertial force," and is based on a vanishing "virtual work" for reversible displacements. That one of these ideas is named for (*) D'Alembert. Noting the similarities between two of these concepts in mechanics and optics is the basis of the path integral formulation. The use of these concepts is contrasted with, but mathematically equivalent to, Newtonian vectorial mechanics. One of these concepts can be used to derive the Euler-Lagrange equations by assuming that a given motion minimizes the action. For 10 points, name these constraints on the equations of motion, which can be derived using their namesake "calculus." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 VICO // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 316 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The failure of the Convention of Pardo led to this conflict, and during it, George Anson led a fleet of eight ships which circumnavigated the globe and attacked enemy shipping along the way. One battle in this conflict saw four thousand soldiers and six ships under the command of Blas de Lezo defeat an invasion force of almost two hundred ships commanded by Admiral Vernon, the disastrous Battle of Cartagena de Indias. The early stages of this war are highlighted by the capture of the Panamanian city of Porto Bello, and at the Battle of Bloody Marsh during it, James Oglethorpe defended Georgia from an attack which originated in Florida. This conflict was fought over the Asiento, a contract dealing with the control of the slave trade, and it led to the fall of Robert Walpole's government. For 10 points, name this early phase of the War of the Austrian Succession, a conflict between England and Spain named after a certain British captain's severed appendage. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 THUNDER // rd: THUNDER Round 3 - Final.doc | |
| tossup 317 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The hypho type of boranes with a zero net charge have this many more hydrogens than borons. For an anti-aromatic molecule, this is the second smallest number of pi electrons possible in the conjugated system. The most common form of sulfur in nature has this number of atoms in the shape of a ring. This number of hydrogens is found in each molecule of butene and propane. The element with this atomic number has an allotrope called ozone. For 10 points, name this number of valence electrons that most main-group elements desire, according to the octet rule. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Delta Burke // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 318 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The ISDS provision in this document was illustrated in an op-ed using the example of a French company suing Egypt. This document extends the TRIPS agreement, especially in regard to pharmaceuticals, and it formed as an extension of the P4 agreement. (*) “Fast track” legislation most recently passed in reference to this document, and Trump accused Clinton of calling it the “gold standard.” China was notably excluded from this agreement, and its most controversial points include its copyright provisions and heavy slashing of tariffs. For 10 points, name this massive trade agreement between twelve countries circling the namesake ocean. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 319 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: For a q-ary code, the terms in denominator of the sphere packing bound are these numbers timea function of q. The nth Catalan number is calculated by multiplying one over n plus one times one ofthese numbers. The number of trials times the success rate time the failure rate is the variance for a(*) distribution that uses and shares a name with these numbers. The sum of all of these numbers when therow index is held constant is 2 to the n. These numbers make up the entries in Pascal's triangle and can bederived from a different function by dividing by k factorial. For 10 points, name these numbers that give nchoose k and are used in their namesake expansion of the powers of a size two polynomial. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 320 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author collected various ghost stories in his work Present at a Hanging. This author wrote about Burt Lassister finding out his house has been burned down a year ago despite having visited it the day before in one story, while another story details a robot killing its owner after being defeated at chess. In addition to "Three and One are One" and "Moxon's Master," he also wrote a story in which an Alabaman planter rushes home before the reader is informed that "Peyton Farquhar was dead." For 10 points, name this American author of "An Occurrence of Owl Creek Bridge" and The Devil's Dictionary. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 PACE NSC // rd: PACE NSC 2009 - Round 19.doc | |
| tossup 321 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the beginning scenes of this novel, one character defies his father by standing below his window through the night. The protagonist has a dream in which he finds his lover’s songbird dead in a cage, and the son he later has with that lover steals a raft and sails away. A ferryman in this novel, (*) Vasudeva, instructs the title character to “listen to the river” after he does not find satisfaction with the wandering Samanas and parts ways with his best friend, Govinda. For ten points, name this novel that follows a man’s journey to enlightenment by Herman Hesse. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 LIST (Ladue Invitational Spring Tournament) VI // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 322 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Internal energy is minimized when this quantity and entropy are both kept constant, and work done by an ideal gas in an isothermal process is proportional to the difference in the log of this state function. This quantity is “corrected” by minus a constant b times the “number of (*) moles” in the van der Waals equation. Avogadro discovered gases with an equal value of this quantity have an equal number of particles, and this quantity is proportional to temperature by Charles’s Law. Boyle’s law says this quantity is inversely proportional to pressure. For 10 points, name this quantity measured for example by cubic meters. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 323 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a poem referencing this poem, people visit this poem's author and appeal to him: "you wrote wewere heroes once, sir. Please, write we are starving now." That poem by Rudyard Kipling is about the"Last of" the title group of this poem. The subjects of this poem were "storm'd at with shot and shell, /While horse and hero fell," with the survivors returning "thro' the Jaws of Death / Back from the mouthof Hell". Though "someone had blundered," it is not for this poem's characters "to reason why"because "Theirs but to do and die." For 10 points, the fateful offensive of 600 cavalrymen at Balaclavawas immortalized in what poem by Alfred Lord Tennyson? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Fall // rd: Ohio State Distance + Louisville A + Tulane A + Clemson A | |
| tossup 324 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A number x such that the floor function of the quantity "x to the power of 3 to the power of n" has this property for all integer values of n must exist, according to Mills' theorem. A method for producing these numbers which involves removing numbers of the form "i plus j plus two times i times j" and then doubling and adding one to the remaining numbers is named for Sundaram. The AKS algorithm can verify this property in polynomial time. A test named for (*) Miller and Rabin can be used to determine if a number is one of these things. Newsworthy examples of a process to find these numbers have been performed by GIMPS, a "Great Internet Search" for these numbers. The Sieve of Eratosthenes can be used to find these numbers. For 10 points, identify these numbers divisible only by themselves and 1. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Spartan Housewrite // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 325 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: John Sanford and Edward Wolf refitted an air rifle with tungsten particles to effect this process in onion cells The chances of this practice occurring are boosted in a laboratory technique in which calcium chloride is added to the sample. pBR322 and species in the pUC series are often used to measure the efficiency of this process, which is reported in cfu per microgram. Cells undergoing this process turn into the namesake colors in the blue-white screen. The Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment identified the agent that was responsible for modulating this process in rough and heat-killed smooth species in (*) Griffith's experiment. Only species that possess competence may undergo this process, which is induced by discharging hundreds of volts across a cell membrane in electroporation. A variant of this process performed with DNA in eukaryotic cells is called transfection. For 10 points, name this form of horizontal gene transfer in which a cell incorporates outside genetic material, contrasted with transduction and conjugation | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 George Oppen // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 326 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two equivalents of this compound form a ligand found in a rubidium complex that switches from D3 (“D-three”) to C2 (“C-two”) symmetry upon excitation. Two units of this molecule are coupled and then methylated to synthesize the herbicide and ROS generator paraquat. A di·carboxyl·ated derivative of this molecule makes up a significant portion of the mass of bacterial spores. A derivatized form of this compound removes a hydrogen from a carboxylic acid before it reacts with DCC in the Steglich esterification. That derivative of this compound contains a di·methyl·amino group substituted at the four position. Multiple equivalents of this compound are found in the terpy and bipy (“bippy”) ligands. A chlorochromate salt of this compound can be used to partially oxidize primary alcohols to aldehydes. This compound and methanol are the primary compounds added to “denature” alcohol. For 10 points, name this aromatic compound consisting of a six-membered ring with a nitrogen hetero·atom. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 12 - Editors | |
| tossup 327 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote that “I shall shoot you clean and fair / With meat and bread, a gourd of wine / A bunch of breasts from either arm, and that / Lone question - do you… know… / What it is all about?” in a poem depicting a wartime interaction between a “Civilian and Soldier.” The speaker of a poem by this author pleads “Madam… wouldn’t you rather / See for yourself?” after being asked several permutations of the all-caps question “ARE YOU DARK? OR VERY LIGHT?” by a potential landlady. This author wrote a volume of protest poems titled A Big (*) Airplane Crashed Into the Earth during a nearly two-year stint of imprisonment during which he scribbled a memoir on toilet paper and was unable to attend the Accra production of his play in which a “Dance of the Lost Traveller” is performed for a photographer who assembles a picture book from images of a village in which Lakunle and Baroka vie for the hand of Sidi. For 10 points, name this Nigerian author of “Telephone Conversation” and plays such as The Lion and the Jewel. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 It's Lit // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 328 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one poem by this author "the green lizard, and the golden snake, like unimprisoned flames," who "out of theirtrance awake," are used to describe the passing of the seasons during which "grief returns with the revolving year."This author states that "some yet live, treading the thorny road, / Which leads, through toil and hate, to Fame'sserene abode" in a poem that calls for the "most musical of mourners" to "weep again!" That poem by him describesa dead man's soul that "like a star, / beacons from the abode where the Eternal are." He described "The hand thatmock'd" and "the heart that fed" in a poem whose speaker encounters an inscription that reads "Look on my works,ye mighty, and despair!" For 10 points, name this English Romantic poet of "Adonäis" and "Ozymandias" | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Regionals // rd: Berkeley A + Columbia B + South Carolina A + McMaster A | |
| tossup 329 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character with this profession corrects the lyrics of a song about Granuaile while speaking with a Ragged Man, and is assisted by men simply called X and B. In a play, Mairtin helps dig up a grave while watched by his brother, a character with this profession who drowns himself in the lake where bags of bones are sunk by Mick Dowd. Sympathies for Jimmy Walsh cause a character to turn down a hundred-pound reward in a play about a man in this profession. Tom Hanlon, a member of this profession, possesses Oona’s locket in A (*) Skull in Connemara. A character with this profession mails a cash box which turns out to be a black box filled with omnium. In later novel, a character with this profession takes the protagonist to an underground chamber where cigarettes doesn’t burn down and time stands still, titled “Eternity.” That novel titled for this profession follows a scholar of de Selby’s who murders Mathers with his friend Divney. For 10 points, name this profession which titles a Flann O’Brien novel about a “third” one. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open // rd: 09 Mirkin and Humphrey | |
| tossup 330 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poet advises a woman to "put as little trust as possible in tomorrow." This man also composed a work to be performed at games celebrating the end of the century. This author of the Carmen Saeculare also celebrated the defeat of an unnamed Cleopatra in a work that begins "nunc est bibendum." In another work, this man asserts that plays should be written in five acts and that continuity errors can be made by any skill level of poets. This man also coined the phrase "carpe diem" as well as "dulce et decorum est pro patria mori." For 10 points, name this author of Ars Poetica and several books of his namesake odes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 ACF Fall // rd: Georgia Tech A.doc | |
| tossup 331 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Presaging Pygmalion, the hero of this novel turns a beggar into a society woman, though his friendsreact with horror. The title character scams women into telling secrets to (*) Cadwallader Crabtree,who pretends to be a fortune teller, and is imprisoned after writing a satire against Steady Steerwell.Ultimately all ends well when the hero marries Emilia Gauntlet. For 10 points— name this novel by TobiasSmollett. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 FICHTE // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 332 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man wrote the opinion invalidating grandfather clauses in Guinn v U.S. He became only the second currently serving Supreme Court justice to be promoted to Chief Justice. Best known for developing the "Rule of Reason" to interpret the Sherman Antitrust Act, he was replaced as Chief Justice by the President who appointed him, William Howard Taft. For 10 points, name this Chief Justice during almost the entirety of the 1910's. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Cheyne American History // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 333 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of his last works was an adventure novel about George Cranleigh's love for the title character, who is a daughter of a prince from the Caucasus. This author of Dariel also created a character who becomes famous for his unnatural ability to float around with the wind, Sir Thomas Upmore. His anonymously published novel Clara Vaughan was mistakenly attributed to Mary Elizabeth Braddon. Most famously, he wrote a novel set in Exmoor during the time of the Monmouth Rebellion. That novel features a family of robbers who live in a valley, and the title character is believed to be a member of that family, until it is discovered she is actually a member of the Dugal family. The narrator of that novel, John Ridd, meets Judge Jeffreys and falls in love with the title character. For 10 points, name this author of sensation novels like Lorna Doone. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 334 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one work by this author, the central character counts that he farts three hundred and fifteen times in a single nineteen-hour span. In that work by this man, a woman reveals that she was going to put down her dog, thus saving from a mob the man who ran the dog over with his bicycle. One novel by him seems to have at least two shifting narrators, who may be the same person, as suggested by the sentence "if I am (*) Mahood, I am Worm too." The narrator of another of his novels has a curved stick that he uses to pull things towards his bed, and tells the story of a boy called Sapo, but, finding the name absurd, changes it to Macmann when the character becomes a man. In a work by this author of The Unnameable, Father Ambrose assures that the son of an extremely fastidious detective, Jacques Moran, did not skip church. For 10 points, name this author of Malone Dies and Molloy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Cane Ridge Revival // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 335 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the build-up to this battle, James Neill was chosen as the site's garrison leader, while Green Jameson set up cannon to defend against artillery. Governor Henry Smith ordered William Travis to this site, where the lieutenant colonel would end up leading the regulars, with the volunteers led by Jim Bowie. Name this battle that took place ten years before the Mexican-American War, fought at a fortification in San Antonio, Texas. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Masonic // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 336 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Six equivalents of a compound containing this element and chlorine are used to convert an aldehyde toan E-alkene in the Takai olefination. E.J. Corey and Bill Suggs discovered a pyridinium salt reagent inwhich this element is bound to oxygen and chlorine. This metal's trioxide is combined with acetone andsulfuric acid in a reagent which is used to convert primary alcohols to carboxylic acids. This metal, whichis used in organic chemistry as part of the PCC and Jones reagents, imparts a red color to corundum. For10 points, name this metal which is named for its ability to change the color of many metal compounds. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Fall // rd: DCC C + UGA + Brown A | |
| tossup 337 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The losing side at this battle fled back to their beached ships, with which they had recently raided Naxos, Karystos, and Eretria; the winners were assisted by a thousand Plataeans. According to Herodotus, the losers' campaign was a response to the Ionian revolt, and Sparta refused to help at this battle despite a request from the herald Pheidippides. At it, Miltiades and Callimachus won out over generals of Darius I. For 10 points, name this victory for the Greeks over Persia in 490 BC, after which an Athenian herald announcing the victory allegedly ran 26 miles. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 BHSAT // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 338 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Although not primarily known as an economist, this man wrote such works as Cartesian Economics, Wealth, Virtual Wealth and Debt, and Money Versus Man. A work that is more closely associated with the field this man worked in is called The Interpretation of Radium, and helped motivate H.G. Wells to write The World Set Free. While at McGill University in Montreal, he collaborated with Ernest Rutherford on radioactive processes, and he worked with William Ramsay University College in London on the properties and actions of radium and helium. This man has namesake sexlet, as well as namesake circles. For 10 points, name this winner of the 1921 Nobel in Chemistry, a British chemist who discovered isotopes | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 VCU Open // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 339 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The innovation of using sarbatus in these places is attributed to a man named Shukalletuda. The mysterious item “slave girl buttock” appears on an inventory of one of these places belonging to Merodach-Baladan. That tablet is housed in the British Museum, which is also home to a relief of Ashurbanipal and his wife reclining in one of these places with the severed head of Tuemman. Erra-imitti’s efforts to avert his death by making a worker in one of these places king failed when he choked on porridge, leading that worker, Enlil-bani, to rule for 23 years. Aqqi the (*) water-carrier supposedly trained the future king Sargon to work in one of these places. Quintus Curtius Rufus described 60-foot tall trees that adorned one of these places that Strabo claims made use of screw pumps. According to legend, that one of these places was built for Amytis of Media because she missed the greenery of her homeland. For 10 points, name this sort of place ubiquitous in Sumerian cities and texts, a collection of which built by Nebuchadnezzar II were one of the Seven Wonders of the World. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 340 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poem's second section begins with the speaker recalling how "from air to air, like an empty net Iwent between the streets and atmosphere, arriving and departing." That section later warns, "You'll notreturn from the bottom of the rocks." This poem addresses Cristobal Miranda at the beginning of its eighthsection, "The Earth's Name Is Juan," and it opens with "A Lamp on Earth." The speaker urges the listenerto "speak through my words and through my blood" and to "arise to birth with me, my brother," in itssection, "The Heights of Macchu Picchu." For 10 points, name this book-length poem by Pablo Neruda. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NASAT // rd: 16 | |
| tossup 341 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Description acceptableAccording to rumor, the sugar dispensed to inhabitants of these places was adulterated with pieces of blue glass containing deadly poison. E. D. Sargent organized the teaching of English in these places, starting at Norval's Pont, which was widely considered a "well-run" example of these locations. Dr. James Kay wrote that opposition to these places was led by "sexless busybodies with nothing better to do than decry everything and everybody." The ship Avondale Castle was used as a temporary prison to contain (*) Emily Hobhouse, who wished to raise awareness about the spread of diseases like scarlet fever and measles in these locations. A group of six women called the Fawcett committee investigated conditions in these locations, which Lord Kitchener called "the most effective method of limiting the endurance of the Guerillas." For 10 points, identify these compounds where Afrikaans-speaking civilians were held until the signing of a 1902 peace treaty. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open History // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 342 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This ruler married the daughter of Emperor Seleucus I, and one important source on him is the Indica of Megasthenes, who was appointed as an ambassador in this man’s court. This ruler was taught by Chanakya, who may have authored the Arthashastra. According to Plutarch, this man met Alexander the Great after being exiled for trying to overthrow Magadhan rule, but, after Alexander died, he ended Greek rule in northwest India. By the third century BCE, he had conquered most of the Indian subcontinent, which had chiefly been occupied by the Nanda Empire. For 10 points, name this founder of the Mauryan Empire and grandfather of Ashoka the Great. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Prison Bowl VIII // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 343 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 9. In a poem, this character’s monologue anticipates an audience’s possible criticism of him before describing the “conjurer’s profession” of writing. This character compares God to a freshwater fish attempting to escape to salt water; he also argues there is no afterlife because God “doth His worst in this our life.” An essay about this character, who speaks last in Auden’s “The Sea and the Mirror,” compares “lettered” and “unlettered” cultures; that essay by Stephen Greenblatt is (*) “Learning to Curse.” This character, who eats food that he calls “scamels,” demands to be called X in a post-colonialist play by Aime Cesaire. In the play he first appears in, this character enters the service of Stephano and Trinculo, and is the son of a sorceress who worships Setebos. For 10 points, name this son of Sycorax and slave of Prospero in Shakespeare’s The Tempest. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Historature // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 344 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: With “the shriek of babies being ground beneath blue-hot rollers,” a character in this story politely says: “Hate. Let me tell you how much I’ve come to hate you since I began to live.” This story invokes the mythical Hvergelmir, roc, and Hurakan to describe a massive bird that creates hurricanes when it flaps its wings. The antagonist of this story repeats the phrases “I think, therefore I am” and “Cogito ergo sum,” which are presented in the form of (*) punchcode tape messages. At the ice cavern where they all journey in search of canned food, the narrator of this story uses Benny biting the flesh off Gorrister’s face as a distraction to stab both of them with icicles, killing them after 109 years of them being kept alive as torture. The narrator utters the title line of this story after he is consequently mutated into a “great soft jelly thing” as punishment by the sadistic supercomputer AM. For 10 points, name this horrific post-apocalyptic science fiction story by Harlan Ellison. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open // rd: 05 Nguyen and Ebner | |
| tossup 345 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Access to one of these machines at Brookhaven enabled James Cronin and Val Fitch to discover CP violation. The proposal to build one of these near Waxahachie [WAWK-sah-HATCH-ee], Texas was canceled in 1993. Rolf Widerøe and Ernest Lawrence designed versions of these devices using magnets. Many modern ones are (*) circular and the largest examples, such as the one used to detect the Higgs Boson, have diameters measured in kilometers. For 10 points—give the term for these devices that propel particles to near the speed of light. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Philly Cheesteak // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 346 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This politician’s name is often prefixed with the honorific “Daw.” This politician first emerged as a national figure during the 8888 Uprising, during which she addressed half a million people from Shwedagon Pagoda. Provisions of a 2008 constitution that bars spouses and parents of foreigners from serving as president prevented this (*) woman from taking that office; she instead serves as State Counsellor and leads the National League for Democracy. She has been criticized for refusing to discuss her country’s treatment of Rohingya Muslims. For 10 points, name this 1991 Nobel Peace Prize laureate from Myanmar who spent 15 years under house arrest. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 BHSAT // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 347 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Most serious scholars point to this man's letter to the Bank of Saint George as evidence for the standard account of his geographic origins. Delno West and August King first translated into English a book by this man in which he predicted the release of Mount Zion from the infidels and asserted that the Orinoco had been one of the rivers of Eden; that collaboration with Gaspar Gorriti was entitled the Book of Prophecies. After becoming dissatisfied with the vast numbers of slaves he sent to Europe, this man's patrons ordered Francisco de Bobadilla to replace him in one administrative post, though he retained the title (*) almirantazgo. This subject of the Capitulations of Santa Fe is perhaps better known as the first governor of Hispaniola. For 10 points, name this "Admiral of the Ocean Sea," a Genoese explorer who led four voyages to the New World. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open History // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 348 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This dynasty established the standard form of the Three Departments and Six Ministries system, and it promulgated the equal-field system of farming. Its first emperor built the new capital Daxing [“dah-shing”] on the site of Chang’an, and its second emperor rebuilt Luoyang. This dynasty’s government inspired the Taika Reforms. This dynasty collapsed following a failed war with Goguryeo. This dynasty began the construction of the (*) Grand Canal. It took power under Wen Di in 581, unifying China for the first time in nearly 400 years, after the fall of the Han dynasty. For 10 points, name this three-emperor dynasty that was succeeded by the Tang. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 BHSAT // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 349 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this century, Valerian the Elder was captured at the Battle of Edessa. Severus Alexander was assassinated during this century, and some of the emperors during it included the co-ruling Pupienus and Balbinus as well as the Gordians. A (*) “Crisis” of this century ended with the rise of an emperor who issued the Edict of Maximum Prices and split the empire into a tetrarchy; that emperor near the end of this century was Diocletian. This century began a little under 200 years after the death of Augustus, and it began 276 years before the canonical Fall of Rome. For 10 points, give this century that began about 200 years after the birth of Christ. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 350 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Male birds have two chromosomes denoted by this letter. In statistics, the number ofstandard deviations separating a value from the mean is denoted by this letter's "score." Ini,j,k vector notation, the k component indicates movement in this (*) direction, which alsonames the axis that differentiates cylindrical coordinates from polar coordinates. The set of integersis often denoted by, for 10 points, what Arabic letter that forms the third coordinate of an orderedtriple? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 SCOP Novice // rd: R | |
| tossup 351 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This organization provided funding for Robert Ballard's discovery of the remains of JFK'sPT-109. T. Y. Rothenburg studied this organization in Presenting America to the World, exploring indetail its relationship with nudity. Early heads of this organization included Gilbert HoveyGrosvenor. Employees of this organization pioneered adding red shirts to scenes to make them morephotogenic. This organization presents medals named for two of its presidents, (*) Alexander GrahamBell and Gardiner Greene Hubbard. This organization is best known for a publication that featured a SteveMcCurry picture of a young Sharbat Gula with green eyes in a photo titled "Afghan Girl". For 10 points,name this organization which publishes a popular yellow-framed magazine. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 College History Bowl // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 352 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The main naval engagement in this conflict was fought near the island of Russaro and saw one side nearly lose a cruiser due to coastal bombardment; the other side deployed its ships in harbor as an anti-aircraft measure. One battle in this war saw one side lose many members of its engineering corps after unsuccessfully attempting to build a pontoon bridge over a namesake river, while another site of intense fighting saw one side utilize the Munasuo Swamp to break through before encircling their opponents by gaining control of Lahde. Those clashes at Taipale and Summa are not as well known as the Battle of Raate Road, where one side used a decisive ambush; that was part of the larger Battle of Suomussalmi. It ended with the Moscow Peace Treaty and saw combat along the Mannerheim Line. For 10 points, name this conflict fought during a namesake season between Finland and the U.S.S.R. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 VCU Open (Saturday) // rd: Round 7.doc | |
| tossup 353 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these events led to an international incident when the fishing boat Lucky Dragon 5stumbled upon Operation Castle Bravo. Large swaths of the Tahitian capital of Papeete were burneddown in 1995 riots after Jacques Chirac announced an end to the moratorium on these. The VelaProgram was enacted to monitor them. A protest over one of these events at Moruroa led to thedeath of Fernando Pereira and the resignation of Charles Hernu, as French (*) commandoes sunk theGreenpeace flagship Rainbow Warrior. Two of these in 1998 led to increased tensions in the Kargil War.The first of these in India was termed Operation Smiling Buddha, and most in the U.S. occurred in Nevadaor the Bikini Atoll. For 10 points, name these events curtailed by "partial" and "comprehensive" bantreaties in 1963 and 1996. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 VCU Open // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 354 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one poem in this collection, the speaker asks to be reminded of “those who are now examinate” and then to “gather the north flowers to complete the south.” The first of these poems remembers how a (*) Greek poet “had sung / Of the sweet years,” and they were disguised as translations of Bosnian poetry. The speaker of one poem in this collection asserts she will do an action “to the depth and breadth and height my soul can reach,” while in another poem she asks the addressee to “call me by my pet-name!” For 10 points, name this collection of poems that includes “How do I love thee? Let me count the ways,” by Elizabeth Barrett Browning. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 355 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Mau Mau veteran Ian Henderson was called the “butcher of” this country due to his long career as its director of state security which included resisting a mid-1990s uprising that helped force the National Action Charter of 2001. An athlete from this country was arrested and tortured for allegedly throwing Molotov cocktails at a police station, despite literally playing in a televised soccer match at the same time. Hakeem al-Araibi was nearly deported to this country while vacationing in Thailand, despite having been granted asylum by Australia. This country also jailed Sayed Adnan, who missed a penalty against New Zealand that could have qualified it for the (*) 2010 World Cup. Sheikh Salman, a native of this country, had his campaign for FIFA president derailed by this country’s “Bloody Thursday” crackdown on protestors in its Pearl Roundabout. For 10 points, name this island country ruled by the Khalifa family and connected by the King Fahd Causeway to Saudi Arabia, whose capital is Manama. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Chicago Open // rd: 4 Bailey + Carson | |
| tossup 356 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Each stanza of one of this man's early poems ends with the refrain "Through two points only one straight line can pass." His first work to be translated into English was the novel Not of This Time, Not of This Place. In a long autobiographical poem by this author, the speaker is an old man who reflects on his life, comparing it to the travels of Benjamin of Tudela. A poem which notes that "I wasn't one of the six million who died in the (*) Shoah" also contains a line which provides the title of his collection Open Closed Open, and his other collections in English include Exile at Home and a volume of selected poems translated by Ted Hughes. Some of poems refer to a friend of his who died in the Holocaust as "little Ruth." An early poem by him is named after Yehuda Ha-Levi, who shares his first name. For 10 points, name this 20th-century Israeli poet. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Gorilla Lit // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 357 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An AFL-CIO convention resolution called this law “highly disruptive” and leaders of the Teamsters Union sent letters arguing that it would “shatter our hard earned benefits” to Harry Reid and Nancy Pelosi. One legal challenge to this law ended when the Supreme Court ruled 6-3 in King v. Burwell that its(*) federal subsidies clause is legal. For 10 points name this signature law that was erroneously claimed to include “Death Panels.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WHAQ I // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 358 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This group's creation was inspired by the book Stride Towards Freedom. A speech critical of Kennedy's planned civil rights bill was given during the March on Washington by its leader, John Lewis, who also oversaw the organization of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party for the 1964 Democratic Convention. Initially started in Greensboro, North Carolina, it was formally organized in a conference led by Ella Baker at Shaw University. After the Watts Riots, it began to reject civil rights legislation and was taken over by its militant branch. For 10 points, name this civil rights organization that supported "black power" under the leadership of Stokely Carmichael. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Fall // rd: ACF Fall 2008 - Cornell.doc | |
| tossup 359 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 12. The genus Condylostoma unusually does not use these sequences in its genome. In 2013, George Church's lab engineered a strain of E. coli that lacks the rarest example of these sequences, which is useful, since bioorthogonal chemistry often adds azide handles by suppressing one of them called amber. In most genes, these sequences are upstream of the poly-U tract but immediately downstream of the (*) C-terminus, and likely evolved to prevent frameshifting. Upon encountering these sequences at the A site, release factors hydrolyze the nascent polypeptide. When these sequences are accidentally introduced, nonsense mutations occur. In DNA, they are TAA, TAG, and TGA. For 10 points, name these triplets that signal to the ribosome that translation should end. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PACE NSC // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 360 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one work by this author, a drunken red-haired soldier tries to buy a monkey from an organ grinder before mistakenly making a date with a twelve-year-old girl who wants to be called "F. Jasmine" and go to Winter Hill, Alaska. In one work by this author, one character uses broken strings from various instruments to try to build a homemade violin, and an African-American doctor dying from tuberculosis delivers a Christmas speech about Karl Marx. She wrote a work in which John Henry West accompanies Frankie Addams as she tries to join her brother on his honeymoon. In a novel by this author of The Member of the Wedding, Dr. Copeland, Jake Blount, and a young tomboy named Mick Kelly are among those who confide in the deaf-mute John Singer. For 10 points, name this American author of The Heart is a Lonely Hunter. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Regionals // rd: LASA A + UVA B | |
| tossup 361 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This novel’s protagonist rejects the crude affections of Nhorinha, and later rejects the purer attention of Otacilia, although he suggests that he married her after the main narrative. This novel ends with the posthumous discovery that Diadorim who struck up a friendship with the protagonist after helping him to cross the Sao Francisco river was a woman and begins with the single word sentence “Nonada.” This novel’s 1963 translation by Harriet De Onis has been criticized for simplifying this text which takes the form of a 600 page monologue without chapter breaks by a ranch (*) owner to a urban doctor. While fighting Ricardão, who with Hermogenes had overthrown his former employer Ramiro, the Jagunço, Riobaldo goes to a crossroads to make a faustian pact but expresses a fear that “we sell our souls, only there is no buyer.”. For 10 points, name this magnum opus of João Guimaeres Rosa. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: WORLDSTAR // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 362 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A poem by this man references "Ode on a Grecian Urn" with "Libation and sacrifice" before going on to talk of an "Iron-hearted man-slaying" person "who would not live long". Another of his poems says how the Old Masters "never forget / That even the dreadful martyrdom must run its course." This poet of "The Shield of Achilles" wrote a poem set "in one of the dives / On Fifty-Second Street" where the narrator thinks of the "darkened lands of the earth" where "the unmentionable odour of death" lingers. Name this author of "The Age of Anxiety", "September 1, 1939", and "Musée des Beaux Arts" [moo-zay day boh-zart]. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NTSS // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 363 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One author with this first name collected Somali poetry and folktales in A Tree for Poverty. A historian with this first name wrote about "the week that changed the world" in Nixon in China, but is best known for a work about the Paris Peace Conference, which has been published under the titles Peacemakers and Paris 1919. One author with this first name set many of her novels in the fictional town of Manawaka, including a novel about Morag Gunn entitled The Diviners and a novel in which the nonagenarian Hagar Shipley looks back on her life from a nursing home, The Stone Angel. Another author with this first name wrote a novel about Iris Chase and one in which Marian McAlpin bakes a cake in the shape of a woman, as well as one set in a theocracy called the Republic of Gilead. For 10 points, give the shared first name of the Canadian authors MacMillan, Laurence, and Atwood. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 364 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character marries a "minor movingpicture magnate" in Hollywood and divorces him in Mexico five years later. This character washes her mouth out with soap after kissing Charlie; earlier, she wrestles with a brother for kissing "a dirty girl like Natalie." At her father's funeral, this character pays her brother a hundred dollars to see her daughter, whom she later attempts to send two hundred dollars a month. That brother notices her muddy drawers as she climbs a tree, and repeatedly remarks that this character "smells of trees." This character's favorite brother, for whom she names her daughter, thinks of her before committing suicide at Harvard. For 10 points, name this sister of Jason, Quentin, and Benjy Compson in William Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Regionals // rd: Bellarmine HS + Columbia A + Louisiana-Lafayette | |
| tossup 365 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This politician bought a vacation home in Roundstone, Ireland from Edward Downe, Jr., an insider trader whom he successfully lobbied Bill Clinton to pardon. Columnists Drew Pearson and Jack Anderson exposed how this man's father used campaign funds for personal expenses, resulting in a censure by the Senate in 1967. This man is the first namesake of a bill whose many provisions included the (*) Durbin Amendment, which placed limits on debit card fees. This Democrat finished 6th in the 2008 Iowa caucus. This man succeeded Dan Glickman to be the current head of the MPAA. This senator is the first namesake of a bill that repealed Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act exemptions and which established the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. For 10 points, identify this former Connecticut senator who co-sponsored a Wall Street Reform bill with Barney Frank. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 We Have Never Been Modern // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 366 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character says "This is a torch song. Touch me and you'll burn" at the end of a Margaret Atwood poem in which she "does Countertop Dancing". This character "becomes a scold, haggard with virtue" after bearing "child on legitimate child" in a Rupert Brooke poem, and she is the subject of a 1954 feminist epic by H.D that places her "in Egypt". In another appearance, she is rescued by Phorkyas and taken to a man with whom she has a child named (*) Euphorion. In a Christopher Marlowe play, that man asks if this character has "the face that launched a thousand ships / and burnt the topless towers of Ilium". For 10 points, name this object of Faust's affection, a mythical woman whose kidnap by Paris sparked the Trojan War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 MUT // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 367 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man wrote about a disturbed Marine psychiatrist in Twinkle, Twinkle, "Killer" Kane, which he later reworked as the novel and film The Ninth Configuration. He also wrote a comic spoof about a bumbling U-2 pilot who becomes a football coach in the Arab country Fawzia. Besides John Goldfarb, Please Come Home, he is best known for writing about Lankester Merrin and Damian Karras' attempts to heal young Regan MacNeil. FTP, name this author of The Exorcist. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Minnesota Open Lit // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 368 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Oxides of this element are used to widen blood vessels. Diazotrophs like rhizobia are organisms that "fix" this element, and are found in the roots of legumes. It is not hydrogen, but the positive end of an amino acid has a group—the (*) amine group—containing this element. This element is excreted from the body in urea. Ammonia consists of hydrogen and, for 10 points, what element with atomic number 7 and symbol N? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 SCOP Novice // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 369 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity is measured by an ISFET (“ISS-fet”) device, which is a modified MOSFET (“MOSS-fet”). The allowed values of this quantity in a solvent are restricted to a “discrimination window” due to the leveling effect. Carborane compounds can be quantified using a modified version of this measure named for Louis Plack Hammett. The value for this quantity at which a molecule carries no net electric charge is the isoelectric point. At the half-equivalence point of a titration curve, this quantity is equal to pKa. For 10 points, name this quantity that typically ranges from 0 to 14 and measures the acidity or basicity of a substance. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ACF Fall // rd: Duke_B,_Rice_B,_Vanderbilt_B,_Wright_State | |
| tossup 370 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Time-averaging this quantity and dividing by the speed of light yields the radiation pressure.Integrating this quantity over a volume gives the total energy (*) flow through that volume, and itsdirection is along the direction of wave propagation. For 10 points— identify this quantity which representsthe amount of energy in an electromagnetic wave and is given by the cross product of the electric andmagnetic fields. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 FICHTE // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 371 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Inclusions of polyomaviruses such as BK and JC are found in a type of these cells often detected in urine, known as decoy cells. The diuretic amiloride is specific to a sodium channel expressed in these cells. The SCRIB complex localizes to the opposite end of these cells as the PAR and CRUMBS complexes. Reticular cells of this type in the thymus are crucial in preventing T cells from recognizing self proteins. These cells are (*) polarized into "apical" and "basolateral" domains. These cells are held together by the protein E-cadherin, whose loss triggers their transition into mesenchymal stem cells. These cells can freely contract and expand in "transitional" tissue, and form two or more layers in "stratified" tissue. These cells come in squamous, columnar, and cuboidal shapes. For 10 points, name these cells which constitute a basic animal tissue type that lines the cavities and surfaces of organs and blood vessels. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 (This) Tournament is a Crime // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 372 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Description acceptable. During this conflict, Divico's failed embassy preceded his defeat at the Battle of Bibracte. Aulus Hirtius wrote part of a history of it. High tides and unfamiliarity with chariots hindered the attacking force in this conflict, which was led by a proconsul of Illyricum who lost the Battle of Gergovia. This conflict was precipitated by the Aedui being pushed out by the (*) Helvetii. It was ended after the Battle of Alesia. A set of "commentaries" on this war begins by stating that its namesake region is divided into three parts. For 10 points, name this war in which Julius Caesar fought Vercingetorix and the Celtic tribes of what is now France. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 BHSAT // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 373 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of his poems concerns a conversation between a boy and the moon, who asks the boy to leave her alone to dance. That is “Romance de la luna, luna”, from his collection, Gypsy Ballads. The title character of one play by this author desperately wants a baby by her husband Juan. The title widow of another play by him institutes an eight-year period of mourning over her house in Andalucía, leading the youngest of her five daughters, Adela, to commit suicide. For 10 points, name this Spanish poet and playwright, whose “rural trilogy” includes Yerma, Blood Wedding, and The House of Bernarda Alba. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BHSAT // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 374 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: He published a number of scientific papers on hydroids, and discovered several new species of Hydrozoa. He was named an honorary field marshal of the British army, and named a Knight of the Order of Garter, although these honors were revoked, then later restored. He became regent after his father Taisho became ill, and his death marked the start of the Heisei period. On becoming Emperor, he decided to call his regnal period the Showa era, meaning "peace and enlightenment," but this name was turned into a bad joke by events like the Mukden incident and the Second Sino-Japanese War, as well as the actions of his prime minister Hideki Tojo. This is, for 10 points, what Emperor of Japan during World War II? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Princeton Buzzerfest // rd: Delaware.doc | |
| tossup 375 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The set of these entities over a ring is denoted with an “x” in square brackets. These entities can arbitrarily approximate any continuous function according to the Weierstrass [VYE-ur-strahss] theorem. One of these objects is produced by taking the determinant of “lambda times the identity matrix, minus another matrix.” Most of these functions can’t be solved by (*) radicals, according to the Abel–Ruffini theorem. Factoring these functions can make finding their roots easier, and second-degree examples of them can be solved with the quadratic formula. For 10 points, name these functions of integer powers of a variable, such as “x squared plus five.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 BHSAT // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 376 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The speaker of one poem in this collection describes himself as "the word without echoes, he who lost everything and he who had everything" after addressing "you who are silent," a white bee "drunk with honey" that buzzes in the speaker's soul. This collection contains a poem that includes the lines "The night is starry and the stars are blue and shiver in the distance" and "Love is so short, forgetting is so long." The speaker declares, "You look like a world lying in surrender" after noting the "white hills, white thighs" of the title thing in "Body of a Woman." The speaker of the last poem in this collection repeatedly exclaims "In you everything sank!" right after a poem beginning "Tonight I can write the saddest lines." For 10 points, name this early poetry collection by Pablo Neruda. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Regionals // rd: Louisiana Tech + RIT + Johns Hopkins A | |
| tossup 377 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The novelist Ferdynand Goetel was forced into exile because he had been part of the first commission put together to investigate this event. This event was later investigated by the Burdenko Commission, which correctly noted that German equipment had been used. Rudolf von Gersdorff first discovered evidence of this event three years after it happened while serving as a German intelligence officer, leading to this event's first public mention in a propaganda speech of Joseph Goebbels. The Soviet Union claimed that this event involved workers from Smolensk who had been killed by the Nazis. In reality, they were largely military officers and intellectuals killed by the NKVD. For 10 points, name this 1940 massacre of 22,000 Polish civilians by the Soviet Union. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Nationals // rd: Editors2 | |
| tossup 378 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of this author's poems notes that the speaker has only an old Roman coin that he got from Mike Kanemitsu and a bolt-head from a Madrid packing case in his pockets. Another of his poems ends with the speaker drinking a glass of papaya juice and declaring that "Poems by Pierre Reverdy" is his heart in his pocket. The collection featuring those poems also contains a work in which this man exclaims "we love you get up" to the title character upon seeing a newspaper headline. In another poem in that collection, this man recalls hearing a woman who "whispered a song along the keyboards," causing "everyone and I" to stop breathing. This author of "Lana Turner Has Collapsed" and "The Day the Lady Died", which exemplify his concept of "Personism", wrote a poem in which he discourses on the color orange and tells of visiting Mike Goldberg to see his painting Sardines. For 10 points, name this author of "Why I Am Not a Painter", a member of the New York School who described his noontime perambulations in his Lunch Poems. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Maryland A | |
| tossup 379 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A future holder of this office placed the first rivet into the Statue of Liberty. The man who held this office under James Monroe unsuccessfully challenged DeWitt Clinton for the Governorship of New York. The man who held this executive branch office under Bill Clinton was appointed to head the Reinventing Government Commission. Another holder of this office was indicted for not reporting bribes as income to the IRS, and was forced to resign for tax evasion. Men who held this office in the 19th century include Daniel Tompkins and Garret A. Hobart. A recent holder of this office famously claimed he was not part of the Executive branch when dealing with an investigation into his advisor, "Scooter" Libby. For 10 points, name this office once held by Dick Cheney. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Nationals // rd: BerkeleyRice | |
| tossup 380 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Ghaznavid dynasty, founded by Turkic military chieftains, ruled this region after they overthrew their prior patrons, the Persian Samavids, who had appointed Sebuktigin governor of Ghazna and thus ruler of this region. The battle of Dandanqan in 1040 was the decisive Ghaznavid defeat, thus rendering this region subject to the Seljuk Turks. Earlier, Abu Muslim, a dynast who ruled from Merv in this region, was a major force in the coalition that established the Abbasid Caliphate, but the second ruler of that family, Abu Jafar Al-Mansur, betrayed Abu Muslim and so established direct control over this region. This region's golden age came under the Timurids, who ruled from Herat until being overrun by Uzbek clans, which in turn lost this region to the founding Safavid Ismail Shah. For 10 points, name this region of contemporary northeastern Iran, western Afghanistan, and Turkmenistan, a late Zoroastrian stronghold and artistic and trading center in the 15th century. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 ACF Nationals // rd: 2011-ACFNationals-ChicagoAFinal.doc | |
| tossup 381 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A servant in this novel is only permitted to communicate with his master through sign language. A former convict in this novel has a fleur-de-lis branded on her left shoulder. A scandal nearly breaks out in this novel after Queen Anne of Austria gives her diamond necklace to her lover. The antagonist of this novel convinces John Felton to free her and assassinate the Duke of(*) Buckingham. In this novel, Milady de Winter is executed by D’Artagnan. For 10 points, name this Alexandre Dumas novel about the title trio consisting of Athos, Porthos, and Aramis. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WHAQ I // rd: 07 | |
| tossup 382 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this work is told "silflay hraka u embleer rah" [sill-fly hraa-kaa oo ehm-"blare" raakh], after being attacked by Kehaar. That character led Efrafa and faces down an ex-Owsla officer during an attack on the title location. In this novel, (*) Blackberry pioneers the use of buoyant wood to cross water after escaping the destruction of Sandleford Warren prophesied by Fiver. For 10 points, name this novel by Richard Adams, about the epic journey of some rabbits. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 383 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these delivered in London blamed missionaries for creating the titular problem and distanced the speaker from Kipling's line "and check the flow of pride" in "White Man's Burden." Another of these orations opened by referencing Demosthenes' "Oration on the Crown" before describing "the greatest patron learning has ever had;" that example ended with an ominous suggestion that the audience must choose "between God and Baal." David Kawanakoa was invited to hear one of them denouncing the colonization of the Philippines, "The Paralyzing Influence of Imperialism," that was delivered in (*) Kansas City in 1900 shortly before the speaker was joined by Adlai E. Stevenson. The most famous of these orations describes "idle holders of idle capital" and declares that "we need an Andrew Jackson." That work ends with the statement that "you will not crucify mankind" on the title object, and famously championed of bimetallism. For 10 points, name these orations by a three-time Democratic Presidential candidate that include the famed "Cross of Gold." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BARGE // rd: Ohio State A | |
| tossup 384 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A monoid with the cancellation property and this property can be embedded into a group via theGrothendieck construction. If two linear transformations are diagonalizable and have this property,then they share an eigenspace. Every finite division ring has this property, and a ring without thisproperty may have unequal left and right (*) ideals. Every simple group with this property has primeorder, and the smallest group without this property is the symmetric group S3. Every subgroup is normal forgroups with this property, which are known as abelian. For 10 points, identify this property that requires Aplus B equal B plus A for addition. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 PADAWAN // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 385 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Organisms with this property uniquely express a di-glucosamine conjugated to six fatty acids and two phosphate groups, a compound called lipid A. Old phylogenetic trees defined Gracilicutes as organisms with this property and Firmicutes as organisms without it. Safranin is used to colorize organisms with this trait. Organisms with this property express lipopolysaccharide in the outer (*) membrane, which surrounds the periplasm. Aminoglycosides were developed to target these organisms since they are generally unaffected by beta-lactams. This trait corresponds to having a thin layer of peptidoglycan in the cell wall, so they won't retain iodine and crystal violet. For 10 points, name this property possessed by E. coli and other bacteria that don't turn purple after a certain stain. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 PACE NSC // rd: TB 2 | |
| tossup 386 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This type of reaction occurs through the formation of an encounter complex which determines the pre-equilibrium rate for the total rate of this type of reaction. The Eigen-Wilkins mechanism describes an associative reaction of this type involving an ML6 complex. Aromatic compounds undergoing this type of reaction may form an intermediate Meisenheimer complex. A named reaction of this type adds an alkyl group from an alkyl halide aromatic compounds using a lewis acid. The Friedel Crafts reaction falls under this general class of reactions. One variant of this type of reaction is classified as first order if the leaving group is the rate-limiting step; that variant is second order if nucleophilic attack concerted. For 10 points, name this general class of reactions that EAS, SN1 and SN2 fall under where one group is replaced with another. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 NASAT // rd: 01 | |
| tossup 387 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This pathogens' tropism is determined by the Trofile assay, and the four stem-loop structure of this pathogen's genome is called the psi packaging element. Lamivudine and nevirapine are used to treat infections by this pathogen. This pathogen's spike proteins are made up of gp120 and gp41. Like many lentiviruses, this virus has a protein coat made of p24. This virus enters host cells via (*) CCR5 and CD4. Zidovudine mitigates the spread of this virus by inhibiting its reverse transcriptase, and is also called AZT. This virus infects Helper T cells of the immune system. For 10 points, name this retrovirus that causes AIDS. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 MUT // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 388 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in a play by this author reports being told to ‘piss off’ by a monk in Luton because he asked for a pair of shoes. This playwright’s authorised biographer Michael Billington argued that Sidcup acts as a ‘Kentish Eldorado’ in their works. In another play by this author, a woman refuses to ‘go the whole hog’ in a sexual encounter with Joey. A play by this author begins with Aston inviting the homeless Davies into his flat and later offering him the title job, while in another, a speaking tube delivers instructions to the hitmen Ben and Gus, who receive food through the title device. For 10 points, name this playwright who portrayed Ruth’s Homecoming and wrote The Caretaker, whose ‘comedies of menace’ also include The Dumb Waiter. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 Oxford Online // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 389 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Some conspiracy theorists hold that a recent scandal marring this company was actually a ploy by Baba Ramdev to win market share for his locally-made "MSG-free" Atta alternative. This company's use of palm oil from rainforest plantations inspired a Greenpeace ad where one of its products is opened to reveal the finger of an orangutan. This company had to pull its popular Maggi noodles off of (*) Indian shelves after government tests showed they contained unacceptable amounts of lead. This company's founder got his start providing condensed milk for a neighbor in Vevey, and it's now the most valuable company in Europe. In the 70s, War on Want led a boycott of this company for "killing babies" by encouraging mothers to use infant formula. This company's ubiquitous line of instant coffee is sold in the US as Taster's Choice. For 10 points, name this chocolate company which manufactures Crunch bars. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 A Culture of Improvement // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 390 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this novel who is obsessed with capturing the "ignobly decent" fights his way through a house fire to retrieve the manuscript of his novel Mr Bailey, Grocer. Another character in this novel maintains a long-running grudge against Clement Fadge, who gives the protagonist his first break at The Current. Harold Biffen commits suicide in this novel after an encounter in which Mr. Whelpdale reveals his engagement to Dora, the protagonist's sister. That protagonist breaks his engagement with Marian Yule after her father Alfred goes blind, leaving her poor; later, the protagonist marries Amy, the widow of his artistically-uncompromising foil Edwin Reardon. For 10 points, name this novel about the literary journalist Jasper Milvain set in the19th-century home of hack writers in London, the most famous novel by George Gissing. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: Columbia A and Columbia B | |
| tossup 391 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A paper by Wald claims that this quantity is the Noether charge associated with diffeomorphism invariance. One formula for this quantity has a term proportional to the natural logarithm of volume times mass and internal energy both raised to the three halves power. The fluctuation theorem governs this quantity's dynamics when at non-equilibrium conditions, and it's proportional to the area of the event horizon for black holes. The differential of internal energy equals P dV plus mu dN plus temperature times the differential of this quantity. This quantity is zero for a perfect crystal at absolute zero according to the third law of thermodynamics and it doesn't change in a reversible process. For 10 points, name this quantity which always increases according to the second law of thermodynamics. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 DEES // rd: Toronto-Waterloo-McMaster A | |
| tossup 392 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One statement describing this process utilizes a constant with dimensions of length squared over time, and that law sets the time derivative of concentration proportional to the second derivative of concentration with respect to position. A third law describing it states that the rate at which this process occurs is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass, and an example of this process governed by Fick's and Graham's laws is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane. Osmosis is a type of, For 10 points, what process in which particles move from regions of high concentration to those of low concentration? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 393 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Baker and Barfield recently discovered a new group of these organisms in the Iron Mountain Mine, a group they've dubbed ARMAN. One class of these organisms has a chloride channel that opens in response to light; that gene NpHR, is a component of "off" signals in optogenetics. Besides coding for a series of namesake rhodopsins and halorhodopisin, their cell walls consist of beta-1,3-linkages containing N-acetyltalosaminuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. One subgroup of them uses coenzyme M and methanofuran. Their membranes have unusual double-headed, highly branched lipids, which contain ether linkages. They were originally delineated in a phylogenetic study of ribosomal RNA by Carl Woese. Including methanogens, halophiles, and thermophiles, for 10 points, name this domain apart from bacteria and eukaryotes, which live in extreme environments. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Penn Bowl // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 394 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author created a world containing emanations such as Enitharmon and Vala which was divided into parts like Tharmas and Urizen after the division of Albion. One of this author's poems asks if the title location "was builded here / Among these ($) dark Satanic Mills" and begins by asking "Did those feet in ancient times / Walk upon England's mountains green?" Another of this author's poems mentions how "thy life" is destroyed by "the dark secret love" of a (*) "invisible worm, / That flies in the night / In the howling storm." For ten points, identify this poet of "Jerusalem" and "The Sick Rose," whose Songs of Experience include "The Tyger." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Schindler's Lit // rd: Tiebreakers | |
| tossup 395 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One principle associated with this amendment was upheld nationally in Weeks v. United States. This amendment was held not to apply formally to students in New Jersey v. TLO, and a guideline on "reasonable suspicion" was added in Terry v. Ohio. This amendment is described in the "fruit of the poisonous tree" metaphor, an extension of this amendment's exclusionary rule. This amendment was the subject of Mapp v. Ohio, and states that evidence acquired illegally is inadmissible. The constitutional right this amendment provides is limited if there is "probable cause." For 10 points, name this Bill of Rights Amendment which protects against illegal searches and seizures. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Brookwood Invitational Scholars Bowl // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 396 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This book's first chapter praises the innovations of J.H. Lambert and William Playfair, and in an analysis of "Puzzles and Hierarchy," this book quotes Paul Valery to say that "Seeing is forgetting the name of the thing one sees." This work cites Robert Venturi's Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture to argue for the use of multifunctional elements, and this book points out that Chernoff faces can be used to depict "strangers," or points inconsistent with others in the neighborhood. This work's second chapter, on integrity, defines a "lie factor" as the ratio of the size of effect shown to the size of the effect computed, and this book famously extolls Charles Joseph Minard's time-series depiction of the size of Napoleon's army during the Russian campaign as possibly "the best statistical graphic ever drawn." Famously disdainful of "chartjunk," for 10 points, identify this seminal work on how to create charts and graphs, the most famous book of Edward Tufte. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Arrabal // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 397 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Japan's spacecraft Akatsuki was intended to study this astronomical object, which is home to pancake domes caused by volcanoes. This object is responsible for a dim glow known as the ashen light. Cassini discovered this planet's spurious moon Neith, and the spacecrafts Vega 1 and 2 studied it. This planet's continent-like feature of Ishtar Terra is home to the Maxwell Montes [MON-teez], which contains its highest point. This planet is home to clouds of sulfuric acid, and it is sometimes known as the morning star or evening star. This moon-less planet's high temperature is due to the greenhouse effect. For 10 points, name this second planet from the Sun. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Delta Burke // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 398 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: . In one scene in this novel, a prison warder sadistically whips an insane prisoner who keeps asking "How, how, how are you?". One character in this novel is captured when another character, who agreed to meet him at The Black Cat club to warn him, gets absorbed in a game of roulette and fails to show up. This novel opens with a character preparing to stab a sleeping man through a mosquito net. That murderer's attempt to bomb the car of a political figure is accidentally thwarted by an antique dealer. In this novel, Baron (*) Clappique smuggles arms for the rebels, who resist a consortium led by Ferral, and whose own leaders include Hemmelrich and Katov. Chen Ta Erh tries to assassinate Chiang Kai-shek, while Kyo Gisors leads the Communist revolt in, for 10 points, what French novel fictionalizing the lead-up to the Chinese Civil War, by André Malraux?  | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Gorilla Lit // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 399 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This mathematician wrote a treatise about a puzzle similar to tangrams whose name means “battle of the bones.” This man’s namesake property holds for the reals, as for any two real numbers x and y, there exists an integer n such that n times x is greater than y. This mathematician used a number system of “myriads” to calculate the amount of sand grains that could fit in the universe in “The Sand Reckoner.” This man approximated pi by inscribing a circle inside polygons of increasing number of sides, a technique known as the “method of exhaustion.” For 10 points, name this Greek mathematician from Syracuse who upon discovering his namesake principle shouted “Eureka!” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ACF Fall // rd: Florida_A,_Georgia_Tech_B,_Lawrence_A,_NYU_B | |
| tossup 400 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Three nicotine molecules or three picolinic acid molecules are coordinated to this element in a series of compounds that enhance glucose tolerance. The first Fischer carbene was a complex containing this element bonded to four carbonyl groups, and that complex participates in the Dotz reaction. Six equivalents of a reagent in which this element is bonded to chloride are used in the Takai olefination. It’s not sulfur or oxygen, but reagents containing this element often have one of its (*) “esters” as an intermediate. A gentler alternative to one reagent containing this metal was developed by Corey and Suggs and consists of this element bonded to two oxygen and two chlorine atoms, with a pyridinium counterion. Another reagent containing this element is used to transform primary alcohols to carboxylic acids. For 10 points, name this transition metal, whose trioxide is dissolved in sulfuric acid and acetone to create Jones’ reagent. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: Lederberg Memorial Science Tournament 2: Daughter Cell // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 401 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Fizeau experiment measured this quantity in moving water. Though it's not the age of the universe, this quantity's finitude can resolve Olbers's paradox. It's equal to the reciprocal of the square root of the product of permittivity and permeability of free space. Cerenkov radiation occurs when particles exceed the local value of this in a transparent medium, emitting a largely ultraviolet bluish glow. The interferometer used by Michelson and Morley failed to find any "ether" that would cause this quantity to vary. For 10 points, name this constant symbolized in E equals m c squared by c, which is the fastest possible speed. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 BHSAT // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 402 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: RISC and ARM are architectures for these devices, which typically use the four-step procedure of fetching, decoding, executing, and performing writeback. They can become superscalar via parallelization, and context switching allows them to undergo multithreading. Recent ones often use x86 architecture or the L3 multilevel variety of a cache. These devices' clock rate is their rate of instruction execution, and the most advanced modern ones have rates of about three gigahertz. For 10 points, identify this computer component that carries out programs' instructions. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 BHSAT // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 403 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An essay written by this person notes that the natural limit of a republic is the distance to the center of the republic, which will barely allow representatives to meet as often as necessary. That essay by this person notes that because the jurisdiction of the national government is restricted to certain areas, state governments will retain authority. In another essay, this politician wrote that (*) “Ambition must be made to counteract ambition,” and “If men were angels, no government would be necessary.” Along with two other politicians who took the pen name “Publius,” John Jay and Alexander Hamilton, this politician wrote the Federalist Papers. For 10 points, name this Virginia politician and “Father of the Constitution” who succeeded Thomas Jefferson as President. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Terrapin // rd: 15 (Tiebreakers) | |
| tossup 404 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The carnitine shuttle is used in a biochemical pathway named for this letter. A polypeptide chain can reverse direction in a four-residue “turn” named for this letter. A motif named for this letter comes in parallel or anti-parallel forms depending on its orientation of hydrogen bonds. Fatty acids are metabolized in an “oxidation” process named for this letter. Drugs such as propranolol that block certain receptors for epinephrine are known as “blockers” of this letter. Cellulose cannot be digested by humans due to its glycosidic bonds named for this letter. This letter names a “pleated sheet,” a kind of protein secondary structure. For 10 points, name this Greek letter that comes after alpha. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 ACF Fall // rd: Cornell B_Liberty B_Michigan B_Texas A_M A_UBC A | |
| tossup 405 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During glycogen synthesis, a diphosphate derivative of this molecule serves as a carrier for glucose monomers. Cytosine spontaneously deaminates to form this molecule, which can be specifically removed by DNA glycosidase. Marshall Nirenberg showed that a polymer of this molecule, added to a certain cell-free extract, would result in the creation of proteins with radioactive phenylalanine. A "pseudo-" form of this molecule, symbolized psi, is found in one arm of transfer RNA, and it forms two hydrogen bonds with adenine. For 10 points, name this nucleotide that replacing thymine in RNA. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ICCS // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 406 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man served as the Mayor of Plymouth while living in the manor Buckland Abbey, which he hadobtained with some trickery from Richard Grenville. This man had Thomas Doughty executed for mutinyon an expedition this man led to "find out places meet to have traffic." On the Revenge, this man servedunder Charles Howard and fought directly against the San Martin of the Duke of Medina Sidonia; that fightoccurred during the Battle of Gravelines against the Spanish Armada. This man led an attack on Cadiz thatwas described as "singeing the King of Spain's beard." For 10 points, name this admiral who sailed forElizabethan England and, on his ship the Golden Hind, circumnavigated the world. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 NASAT // rd: 18 | |
| tossup 407 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man names a phenomenon described either by the low-velocity limit of the Mott formula, or as the limit of a muon-electron interaction as the muon mass goes to infinity. A type of spectrometry named for him is often used in tandem with Elastic Recoil Detection to non-destructively analyze thin films of materials. Integrating the solution to the Binet equation over possible incoming trajectories yields a cross section for this man's namesake phenomenon that is inversely proportional to the fourth power of sine of theta over two, as well as a distance of closest approach of roughly 27 (*) femtometers. His namesake type of elastic scattering is governed by the static Coulomb potential of a point charge. This man proposed an experiment in which roughly 1 in 8,000 alpha particles were deflected through large angles, disproving the Thomson plum-pudding model of the atom. For 10 points, name this physicist, whose students Geiger and Marsden carried out the gold foil experiment. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 George Oppen // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 408 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The exile Hippias advised the losing side in this battle, whose men panicked and ran into swamps. The winning general of this battle, Miltiades [mill-tye-ah-dees], organized troops to defend the only two paths off the beach, then ordered a devastating phalanx assault. After this loss for (*) Darius the Great, the Persian army retreated from Greece for 10 years. For 10 points, name this 490 BCE battle, after which Pheidippides [fay-ih-dip-ih-dees] legendarily ran 26 miles to Athens. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 SCOP MS 5 // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 409 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man's foster son Alain was the fourth head of the European Patent Office. He defeated the interim leader Alain Poher to obtain the presidency of his nation after his predecessor's wife had been implicated in the Markovic Affair. In that role, he dealt with the New Society program of his Prime Minister Jacques Chaban-Delmas, while a later prime minister, Pierre Messmer, promulgated his friendly foreign policy towards Palestine. In a different position, he oversaw the resolution of a miner's strike as well as that of an event that begun with student unrest at the University of Nanterre and spread into a revolt encompassing ten million workers. Earlier, he had worked with Charles de Gaulle in drafting the constitution of the Fifth Republic and, as prime minister, he dealt with the general strike of 1968. For 10 points, name this prime minister of France from 1962 to 1968. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 VCU Open (Saturday) // rd: Round 10.doc | |
| tossup 410 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the opening act of this play, one character compares another's life to pouring water from one pitcher to another for twenty five years. Another character in that opening scene notes how he has worked too hard his entire life and that now he has a "long, silly mustache." In the final act of this play, a woman takes a pencil as a keepsake from a character who'd earlier kissed her and claimed not to love Sonya. The announcement of a plan to move to Finland leads to this play's climactic scene, which occurs shortly after the main character laments his inability to become "another Schopenhauer or Dostoyevsky". The first and last acts of this play end with the doctor Telegin playing guitar as the curtain falls. This play was adapted from its author's earlier The Wood Demon. The title character's unrequited love for Elena, among other things, leads him to attempt to shoot Professor Serebryakov at the end of Act 3. For 10 points, identify this play by Anton Chekhov. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Illinois +Jha + Yale | |
| tossup 411 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This structure is the defining characteristic separating the fish in subclass Dipnoi [“dip-NOH-eye”] from all other extant species of Sarcopterygii [“sar-cop-TARE-uh-jee”]. Although it is evolutionarily unrelated to this structure, arachnids possess stacks of hemolymph-filled tissue known as the “book” form of this organ. This organ in terrestrial mammals is homologous to the swim bladders used by many species of fish to control buoyancy. In humans, its parenchymal [“pah-REN-kuh-mull”] tissue contains hollow cavities called alveoli, which are connected to bronchioles. For 10 points, name this vital organ that conducts the function of gas exchange within land-dwelling vertebrates. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Fall // rd: FSU + Johns Hopkins A + Carleton College A | |
| tossup 412 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Forces under this king defeated the Spanish navy off of Winchelsea, while he fought Eustace de Ribemont near Calais. This king convinced Louis the Bavarian to side with him in one conflict and was hit with an arrow during his greatest naval victory. The Good Parliament tried desperately to banish this man's troublesome mistress, Alice Perrers, but was thwarted by his son, the husband of Blanche of Lancaster. Froissart described the court of this victor at the Battle of (*) Sluys, who tried to emulate King Arthur's Round Table by creating the Order of the Garter. This husband of Philippa of Hainault executed Roger Mortimer, the lover of his mother Isabella, who had overthrown this king's father, the probable lover of Piers Gaveston. This man's sons included John of Gaunt and a man who won the Battle of Poitiers and assisted in this king's victory at Crecy, Edward the Black Prince. For 10 points, identify this British king, the son of Edward II. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Terrapin Invitational // rd: FINAL_Minnesota+Duke.doc | |
| tossup 413 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: J.H. Beynon of the University of Amsterdam developed an important series of tables that help interpret data from this family of techniques, and Ryhage and Stenhagen pioneered the use of them to analyze bioorganic molecules. One variant uses the splitting of decaying californium-252 to produce two nuclides moving in opposite directions, one signalling the start time and the other striking the sample. Another technique coats the sample onto carbon microneedles with very high voltage gradients at their tips. The degree of resolution in these techniques is termed "unit resolution" if a valley is at most 10% of the height of the two neighboring peaks. Wolfgang (*) Paul won the Nobel for inventing a device used in this technique, called the "Paul trap." The aforementioned pair of variants, which are the plasma desorption and field desorption methods, both tend to produce only the molecular ion with no fragmentation. For 10 points, identify this family of techniques whose ionization methods can be classified as "hard" or "soft." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 414 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: . This substance's melting temperature is affected by ion concentration and "stacking factors" between its substituents, and its melting causes a notably large increase in absorbance. Two of its main forms differ in whether the pucker of certain substituents is C3-endo or C2-endo. HMG proteins and MLL can bind onto a cruciform structure in this material. One form of this molecule has little difference in the size of its major and minor grooves and is (*) left-handed; that is this molecule's Z form. Photograph 51 shows the B form of this molecule taken with 100 hours of X-ray exposure. It differs from a similar molecule in that one of its sugars has one less oxygen. For 10 points, name this molecule whose double helical structure was identified by Watson and Crick. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 STIMPY // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 415 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Characters in this novel refer to sitting in lounge chairs on a terrace as "living horizontally". Thisnovel's protagonist decides that "man is the master of contradictions" and dreams about witchesslaughtering a child in the chapter "Snow". One character in this novel is completely unable to finishhis sentences; that man, the suicidal malaria patient Mynheer Peeperkorn, is introduced as the newlover of Madame (*) Chauchat. An anticlimactic duel results in the death of neither Settembrini nor theJesuit Leo Naphta in this novel, whose protagonist initially plans on a brief visit to his cousin Joachim. For10 points, name this novel in which Hans Castorp spends seven years in the Berghof sanatorium, a work ofThomas Mann. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 416 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of one of this author's novels debates with Nick Meade about whether fascism is the root of evil after temporarily leaving his professorship at Columbia in order to join the Merchant Marines. Another of this author's characters, in an attempt to increase his sexual energy, puts himself into an "orgone" box. In that novel, the protagonist meets "the cutest little Mexican girl" while riding a bus. This author of (*) The Sea is My Brother and Vanity of Duluoz wrote a novel in which the protagonist picks cotton with Terry and Ricky in Sabinal before going to Paterson for Christmas. In that novel by him, the protagonist travels to Denver where he meets Carlo Marx who was inspired by Allen Ginsberg. Sal Paradise appears in, for 10 points, what author's novel, On the Road? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Spartan Housewrite // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 417 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A man born in this country drives across Europe with his seven-year-old son Leo in the novel Travelling with Djinns. An author from this country wrote a short story whose narrator forces himself to vomit up the title fruit after learning that his grandfather is cheating their neighbor Masood. After being exiled from this country, Najwa moves to London and develops a new identity through Islam in the novel Minaret. An author from this country wrote the story "A Handful of (*) Dates," as well as a novel about a village's reaction to an eccentric man's marriage to Ni'ma, The Wedding of Zein. This home country of Leila Aboulela is the setting of a novel whose main character murders his wife Jean Morris after teaching economics at Oxford. That novel, which is sometimes considered a deliberate reversal of Heart of Darkness, follows the narrator's quest to learn the story of Mustafa Sa'eed. For 10 points, name this nation home to Tayeb Salih, the author of Season of Migration to the North. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 418 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After an invader was granted this title, he was ordered to kiss his overlord’s foot, but did so by bringing that overlord’s foot up to his mouth, thus making him fall over. That first man to hold this title, known in sagas as Hrólfr the Walker, was given it in exchange for agreeing to stop pillaging the lands of Charles the Simple. This title’s holders include a man born to Herleva, the (*) mistress of Robert the Magnificent, and a Viking of unknown birth named Rollo. Another holder of this title was nicknamed “the bastard” and defeated an exhausted rival who had just won the Battle of Stamford Bridge in an engagement on Senlac Hill. For 10 points, identify this specific title of nobility held by the winner of the Battle of Hastings, William the Conqueror. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 419 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this city, a mother signs her daughter up to be a piano accompanist for a concert series, and Maria sings the song “I Dreamt that I Dwelt” on Halloween. A boy’s “eyes burn with anguish and anger” at a porcelain stall in this city. A resident of this city imagines the painting Distant Music while looking up a staircase. This setting of “A Mother” and “Clay” is where a boy looks for a gift for (*) Mangan’s sister at a bazaar. Bartell D’Arcy sings a song in this city that reminds Gretta of Michael Furey, to the “vague terror” of Gabriel Conroy. For 10 points, name this setting of “Araby,” “The Dead,” and other stories from a James Joyce collection titled for its Irish residents. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 HFT XIV // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 420 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Irredentists from this ethnic group promote a notion of a “greater” or Rayu land for them. A set of Annals named for these people, which was originally a king-list called the Sulalatus Salatin, relates how their greatest sultanate was founded by Iskandar Shah. Many ethnic discrimination policies are designed to favor members of this ethnic group referred to as “sons of the earth.” The term in these people’s language for the lands where their tongue spoken is Nusantara. Ruling dynasties of this ethnic group include (*) Perak and Johor, the latter of which sold land to Stamford Raffles. These people are called bhumiputeras in the country in which they are a majority, which grew out of the Straits Settlements. Members of this ethnic group ruled the Sultanate of Malacca. For 10 points, name this group whose name graces a peninsula whose biggest city is Kuala Lumpur. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Penn Bowl // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 421 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This phenomenon is used by an h-over-e apparatus, such as the PASCO AP-9368, which can beused to experimentally determine Planck's constant. The probability of this effect is often given asatomic number raised to the n over h nu to the third, where n is between three and five. By exactlyoffsetting the maximum kinetic energy of this process, one can calculate the stopping potential. Thekinetic energy of particles emitted by this process is equal to Planck's constant times frequencyminus the difference in (*) energy level between the vacuum and their Fermi energy, which is the workfunction. A 1905 Annus Mirabilis paper explaining this effect won Einstein his Physics Nobel. For 10points, name this effect in which incident light frees electrons from a metal. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 PACE NSC // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 422 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: When a function named after this man is applied to a prime p to a power k, it returns quantity [p to the k] minus quantity [p to the k minus one]. In addition to that function that counts the integers less than n that are coprime to n, this man names a first-order numerical process used to solve ordinary (*) differential equations. This namesake of a totient function names a value that is the limit of the quantity one plus one over n, all to the n. This man’s namesake number is the base of the natural logarithm. For 10 points, name this mathematician who determined no route existed that crossed each of the Seven Bridges of Konigsberg exactly once. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 HFT X // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 423 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One form of this process uses Knudsen effusion source cells and requires a high vacuum.Parylenes are polymers created by another type of this process. A novel type of this process works inthe open atmosphere and works by dissolving precursors in a combustible fuel, atomizing thatsolution using a Nanomizer, and carrying the resulting droplets with an oxygen stream to a flamewhere they are combusted. The major types of reactors in another type of this process are hot walland cold wall, and that process is the (*) chemical vapor type. In addition to the many subtypes of thethin film form of this process, such as epitaxy, the dry and wet forms of this process occur in aerosols.Another form of this process creates a metallic coating on a surface through the use of electric current andis also known as electroplating. For 10 points, name this process that is the opposite of sublimation andsees a gas transforms into a solid. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 VCU Open // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 424 went dead. -- 23:6, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Hosohedra (HOSE-oh-HEE-dra) are tessellations of these objects by lunes. Extending Girard's theorem to polygons named after these figures can be used to prove Euler's Formula. In three dimensions, the maximum number of these figures that can touch each other without intersection is the kissing number. The complex plane together with a point at (*) infinity is often modeled as one of these figures named for Riemann. A stereographic projection maps these figures onto a plane. The Kepler problem concerns the densest packing of these figures. Azimuthal and polar angles appear in a coordinate system named for these objects, and great circles contain these objects' diameters. A ball is the interior of, for 10 points, what round three-dimensional figures with volume "four-thirds pi r-cubed"? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 425 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Five years into the rule of this leader, student riots culminated in the Battle of Mendiola Bridge, part of a period sometimes known as the First Quarter Storm. He ran on the slogan of creating a "mandate for greatness" and his group of advisors, including Juan Enrile, Fidel Ramos, and Fabian Ver, were referred to as the Rolex 12. This author of Notes on the New Society eventually left office in the wake of the 1986 EDSA Revolution, which resulted in him fleeing the Malacanang Palace for Hawaii alongside his famously spendthrift wife Imelda. For 10 points, name this man who ruled in the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Regionals // rd: Wayne State | |
| tossup 426 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: ProTAC drugs comprise a linked binder for a target protein and a binder for one of these enzymes. The activity of one type of these enzymes can be quantified by Weiss units, which measures the rate of transfer of phosphate from pyrophosphate to ATP. The SCF and APC complexes are among the RING-finger family of enzymes of this class. An enzyme of this type complexes with XRCC4 in the process of non-homologous end (*) joining. Proteins are targeted to the proteasome by ubiquitination, which requires an “E3” one of these enzymes. Another enzyme in this class joins together Okazaki fragments by forming a phosphodiester bond between a 5-prime phosphate and the 3-prime hydroxyl of DNA. For 10 points, name these enzymes that catalyze the joining together of molecules. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 SMT // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 427 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A property sometimes considered a quantum field theory analogue of this phenomenon is the Reeh-Schlieder property and states that in an arbitrarily small neighborhood, the vacuum can generate any state vector of the field. This phenomenon occurs when any of the eigenvalues of a state's partial transposition are negative according to the Peres-Horodecki criterion. States in which this phenomenon is at a maximum are superpositions of eigenstates of the particles involved and are named for Bell. This phenomenon was first considered in a paper which suggested that quantum events were determined by hidden parameters. It occurs when two or more spatially separated particles are still in interdependent states. For 10 points, identify this quantum mechanical "spooky action at a distance" that allows for teleportation of information. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Terrapin // rd: Texas A&M + VCU A | |
| tossup 428 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Leonard-Merritt estimator uses the radial extent and velocity of stars in a cluster to approximate this parameter for the cluster. An empirical law sets the luminosity of a main-sequence star as proportional to this property to the 3.5 power, and when computing it for a galaxy from luminosity, it must be multiplied by 10 to account for dark (*) matter. Sagittarius A-star is a type of black hole known for having a large value for this property, and the Chandrasekhar limit sets an upper bound on it for white dwarfs before they become a supernova. For 10 points, give this physical property, for which the sun has a value of about 10 to the 30 kilograms. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 429 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This leader clashed with Foreign Secretary Geoffrey Howe, and triggered a leadership challenge from Michael Heseltine after instituting a highly unpopular Community Charge. This leader shut down a year-long strike of coal miners and survived a bomb planted at the Grand Hotel in Brighton. This predecessor of John Major called Mikhail Gorbachev “a man we can do business with” despite standing strongly against Communism. Britain sent troops to the Falkland Islands under, for 10 points, what Conservative, the first female British Prime Minister? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BHSAT // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 430 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: According to this kingdom’s founding legend, it was ruled by a woman named Liu-ye before a fisherman from the south with a magic bow defeated her in battle. One major source for that story is the Chinese envoy Kang Tai. This kingdom’s main successor state was divided into “land” and “water” kingdoms after the 8th century, and its capital is referred to as Cottigara in Ptolemy’s Geography. Hinduism may have reached this kingdom through the Indian usurper Kaundinya, and this kingdom reached its greatest extent under Fan (*) Shiman. This kingdom ended when it was conquered by its former vassal, Chenla after a shift of trade routes away from the Isthmus of Kra impoverished its capital of Oc-Eo. For ten points, name this ancient Southeast Asian kingdom known by a name given it in Chinese sources. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: WORLDSTAR // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 431 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man is compared to “Alexander the Pig” by a soldier with a thick accent, who thinks that the way Alexander killed Cleitus the Black is similar to how this man ignored a dying friend. This man orders the off-stage execution of Bardolph and Nym, and arranges a duel with Michael Williams. This man woos Katherine in a mixture of English and French after defeating a man who sent him a gift of tennis balls. Sir John Falstaff (*) dies offstage in the play titled for this man, who commands “Once more unto the breach, dear friends” at Harfleur, and calls his men “we happy few, we band of brothers” in the St. Crispin’s Day speech. For 10 points, name this English king who wins the Battle of Agincourt. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 432 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A Knudsen cell can be employed to measure low values of this quantity in solids. This quantity, which can be measured using an isoteniscope, is higher than normal for a convex-curved droplet. Two substances with equal values for this quantity are linearly related with respect to their temperature on a Duhring plot. The log of this quantity can be set equal to “A minus B over C plus T” in (*) Antoine’s equation. Substances with higher values of it are considered more volatile. This quantity’s “partial” form is calculated by multiplying it with a mole fraction value in Raoult’s law. A sample reaches its boiling point when this quantity equals the atmospheric pressure. For 10 points, identify this quantity, the pressure of a gas in equilibrium. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 433 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the last act of this play, one character confesses that she went into the garden to cry for the first time in two years, then bemoans how she is part of "a whirlpool" that forces her to go to Eltz tomorrow. The second act of this work, which opens with a bunch of characters reading passages from a Guy de Maupassant book, sees another character smash and tear up a bouquet of flowers. In the first act, there is a performance that features sulphur rising from the stage and red lights being used to resemble the devil's eyes. Later on a performer of that work grazes his skull with a bullet when he tries to kill himself. We learn that Nina is part of a peripatetic group of performers in its final pages and that the teacher Medvedenko is finally married Masha, even though she still shows love for Konstantin. All of this play is set on Sorin's estate, and two of its characters aspire to become successful actresses. For 10 points, name this play in which Trepelov brings the title creature to the feet of Arkadi, a work of Anton Chekov. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Illinois Open // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 434 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This male ruler's former secretary was the target of Irish assassin Patrick O'Collun. That secretary was involved in the murder of this man's rival, Don John of Austria. This ruler dispatched a Governor who executed men like the Count of Egmont after establishing the "Council of Blood." After being pissed off by the Treaty of Nonsuch, he placed the Duke of (*) Medina Sidonia in charge of a force defeated at the Battle of Gravelines. This husband of "Bloody Mary," the queen of England, dispatched the Duke of Alba to quell resistance in the Netherlands. In 1588, this man's navy was defeated by a force featuring Sir Francis Drake. For 10 points, name this ruler who dispatched the failed Spanish Armada to invade England. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 MUT // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 435 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poem describes a figure with a "mythy mind" who "moved among us as a muttering king." Another stanza of this poem depicts "a ring of men" who "chant in orgyÂ… Their boisterous devotion to the sun." One character in this poem claims to be content when birds "test the reality / Of misty fields, by their sweet questionings" shortly after the narrator asks "Shall our blood fail?" This poem ends with the image of pigeons sinking "downward to darkness, on (*) extended wings" and repeats the phrase "death is the mother of beauty." A woman in this poem imagines "her dreaming feet" travelling to "Palestine / Dominion of the blood and sepulchure" and watches "the green freedom of a cockatoo." For 10 points, name this poem that features the musings of a woman in a complacent peignoir by Wallace Stevens. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SUBMIT // rd: Yale A, OSU A | |
| tossup 436 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: With spin, this quantity names a transfer method for flipping the active elements of a magnetic random access memory system. When multiple coplanar forces act on a body, the algebraic sum of this quantity for each force was proven to equal the value of this quantity for the resultant vector by Varignon's theorem. The effect of this property on a magnetic field is predicted by the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation. For a (*) dipole in an electric field, this quantity equals the product of the electric field, the charge, the displacement, and sine of theta. Defined as the time derivative of angular momentum, this quantity also equals the cross product of force and | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 EMT // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 437 went dead. -- 23:7, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two characters in this play get into a heated argument when one of them wants to take a horsecarriage into town and the other one wants to use the horses for farming. One character in this playwears black because she is "in mourning for her life". Another character in this play hunts for aquote from his own novel, whose page and line numbers are inscribed on a medallion given to himby an aspiring (*) actress, who appears in an experimental play-within-a-play in the first act. At the end ofthis play, Dr. Dorn tells the author Boris Trigorin to get Irina Arkadina away from the house because her sonhas shot himself after his last parting from Nina. For 10 points, name this Anton Chekhov play in whichConstantine Treplev shoots the title bird. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 PADAWAN // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 438 went dead. -- 23:8, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this novel is deeply moved by the piano playing of the black pianist Blind d'Arnault, who plays at Mrs. Gardner's hotel. One character rejects the advances of her boss Wick Cutter after leaving the Harling family in this novel. The title character eventually marries Anton Cuzak after having an illegitimate child with Larry Donovan, while the protagonist has an affair with Lena Lingrad. Set in Black Hawk, Nebraska, for 10 points, name this novel about Jim Burden's obsession with the title Bohemian girl, written by Willa Cather. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Prison Bowl // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 439 went dead. -- 23:8, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One episode of violence in this country led to the establishment of the National Operations Councilfollowing the declarion of the "Darurat," or "national emergency," following the ethnic violence in theMay 13th incident. This country practices a form of positive discrimination for its "Bumeputera"indigenous population, under the ideology of (*) "katuanan," part of its New Economic Policy. Thiscountry has a rotating constitutional kingship known as the Yang di‐Pertuan Agong. In the 1990s, thiscountry's longtime prime minister, who has also attracted attention for strident anti‐Jewish remarks,launched a bizarre crusade to imprison his chief critic, Anwar Ibrahim, by charging him with sodomy. For10 points, name this country still under the influence of Mahathir bin Mohammed, which oncecontrolled neighboring Singapore. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Closed // rd: Editors 3 | |
| tossup 440 went dead. -- 23:8, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Cassius Dio records that this ruler presided over a huge plague which swept out of Egypt after his armies sacked Ctesiphon. This husband of Faustina the Younger was tutored by Fronto. This leader went personally to the river Gran to fight against the Quadi on his frontier. A bronze image of this leader extends his hand outwards in the only equestrian statue to survive antiquity intact. This sometime co-ruler with Lucius Verus and successor of Antoninus Pius outlined his Stoic philosophy in his Meditations. For 10 points, name this man succeeded by his biological son Commodus, the last of Rome's Five Great Emperors. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 BHSAT // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 441 went dead. -- 23:8, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One conflict involving this people began with the death of King Teleklos at a festival to Artemis Limnatis. A second conflict involving this people included the Battle of Deres and saw the generals Anaxander, Anaxidamus, and the poet Tyrtaeus defeat a force led by Aristomenes. A group of this people was massacred at the Temple of Poseidon in Taenarus, and a major revolt by these people coincided with a large earthquake. These people were sometimes divided into mothakes and mothones classes based on the extent of freedom they enjoyed. For 10 points, identify these people originally taken from (*) Messenia, the slave population in Sparta. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Julius Civilis Classics Tournament // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 442 went dead. -- 23:8, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one poem, this author described how he "must be silent about the second fault" whendescribing a "poem and an error." In a collection by this man, Phaedra writes a letter confessing herlove for Hippolytus; that collection is a series of epistles from the point of view of spurned women.This author of the Heroides wrote Letters from the Black Sea, which describes his (*) exile. This authorof Fasti claimed "As Chiron was to Achilles, so I am to Cupid" in another book. His most famous workcontains sections on the deification of Julius Caesar and on Apollo and Daphne. For 10 points, name thisRoman author of the Ars Amatoria who described mythological transformations in his poemMetamorphoses. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 443 went dead. -- 23:8, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Increasing the concentration of an indicator in the presence of one of these substances creates a series of parallel lines on a Cornish-Bowden plot. They modify K sub m by multiplying by the factor alpha, which is equal to one plus the quantity their concentration divided by their dissociation constant. These substances do not affect the activity of their target and do not bind to the ES complex. Increasing the concentration of one of these substances decreases the x-intercept, but keeps the y-intercept constant, on a Lineweaver-Burke plot. They do not affect the V-max of their target at a given concentration, because increasing the reactant concentration floods them out. This type of inhibitor typically binds to the active site and serves to block the binding of the substrate. For 10 points, name this type of enzyme inhibitor distinct from an uncompetitive or non-competitive inhibitor. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Editors 6 | |
| tossup 444 went dead. -- 23:8, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two of these molecules with antiparallel spins transiently dimerize in the liquid phase, which explains why this molecule defies Curie's law. NASA's space shuttles used a bipropellant system of hydrogen gas and this molecule. According to molecular orbital theory, this substance has two unpaired electrons, which makes it paramagnetic. This allotrope is the most stable form of the first chalcogen. A glowing splint catches fire in the presence of this gas, the second most common gas in Earth's atmosphere. For 10 points, name this gas that consists of two atoms of the element with atomic number 8. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Prison Bowl VIII // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 445 went dead. -- 23:8, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a play, an instance of this action occurs immediately after a crowd of women enter carrying the body of a medical student in a carpet. A novel ends with a character imagining that another man's performance of this action would make a good paragraph in his book on The Pacification of the Primitive Tribes. A character explains his decision to do this action by describing a bird who calls "Not I" to the Praise-Singer. Simon (*) Pilkings imprisons Elesin to prevent him from doing this in Death and the King's Horseman. After decapitating a messenger of the District Commissioner, a champion wrestler from Umuofia performs this action. For 10 points, name this manner of death of Okonkwo in Things Fall Apart, which he undergoes by hanging himself from a tree. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 PACE NSC // rd: TB 2 | |
| tossup 446 went dead. -- 23:8, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This region was formerly the site of a kingdom called Egrisi and later called Lazica after the Laz tribe, and a later kingdom established at this place was led by the Anosid Dynasty. This region is the site of the Voronya Cave system, and this site of the Kodori valley is separated from the province of Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti by the Inguri River. One conflict in this region saw battles at Gagra and Eshera and saw the participation of separatist Shamil Basayev. This region was the site of a short lived civil war involving the CMPC, which came to an end with an agreement signed in nearby Sochi between Eduard Shevardnadze and Vladimir Putin. For 10 points, identify this territory with capital Sukhumi on the Black Sea, which like Ajaria and South Ossetia is an autonomous republic within Georgia. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Harvard International // rd: Round 05.doc | |
| tossup 447 went dead. -- 23:8, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Robert Caro's biography of this person includes the volumes Master of the Senate and The Passage of Power. This leader appointed Abe Fortas and Thurgood Marshall to the Supreme Court. The federal Department of Education building is named for this man, as is a Dallas freeway. This man defeated (*) Barry Goldwater in a presidential election, and he approved Medicare and Medicaid upon signing a 1965 act, as part of his Great Society initiative. Lady Bird was the wife of—for 10 points—what Texan often referred to by three initials? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Philly Cheesteak // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 448 went dead. -- 23:8, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Description Acceptable After 5 sturgeon representing one of these figures were sent as a gift to Hong Kong, one was killed by a barracuda provoking intense public prognostication. A popular conspiracy suggested that these figures were cursed and linked one of them in the form of a sand martin to a fatal train accident near the “kite city” of Weifang. One analogue of this group of figures is Fu Niu Lele, a (*) cow who brings good luck. This group of figures, who are no longer known as “the friendlies” has since been denounced by Han Meilin and is known officially as the Fúwá. They consisted of five differently coloured members called Beibei, Jingjing, Huanhuan, Yingying, Nini whose names can be concatenated to mean “welcome to” a particular city. For 10 points, name these large cheerleaders who pepped up the crowd as Usain Bolt won his first Olympic medals. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: WORLDSTAR // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 449 went dead. -- 23:9, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After reading a paper by Willem de Sitter, a man with this surname devised a relativistic correction to a vector traveling on a curvilinear trajectory. A semiclassical model that is a precursor to density functional theory was devised Enrico Fermi and that scientist with this surname, who also devised a namesake relativistic form of precession. With Helmholtz, a scientist with this first name devised a theory of trichromatic color vision. That scientist with this first name names a partial differential equation with (*) Laplace that describes the pressure differential between two media due to surface tension. An experiment conducted by that scientist with this first name displayed dark fringes as a result of an interference pattern on a screen. For 10 points, what is the first name of the scientist with the surname Young who conducted the double slit experiment? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MUT // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 450 went dead. -- 23:9, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One bicyclic compound named with the naming scheme of this functional group is formed by the exhaustive alkylation of an activated carboxylic acid with a Lewis acid, and is called the OBO protecting group. This functional group is formed along with triphenylphosphine oxide in a reaction for which Bruce Lipshutz developed a cleaner modification. Perkin alicyclic synthesis results from the intramolecular synthesis of the malonic variety of one of them. DCC and DEAD are used in the Steiglich and Mitsonobu syntheses of this functional group, which is formed when protonation of a carbonyl oxygen enables the carbonyl carbon to be attacked by a weakly nucleophilic alcohol. For 10 points, name this functional group formed by the Fischer reaction, with formula RCOOR' and a fruity smell. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 MAGNI // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 451 went dead. -- 23:9, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Carter Glass accused this body's head of "dirt-daubing the sepulcher" of a former president in a speech whose key points Glass highlighted by pounding his fist on his desk until his knuckles bled while the rest of the Senate cheered him on. Dorothy Detzer supported this body, whose investigations spurred interest in the proposed Ludlow Amendment. The namesake of this body led the charge against "merchants of death," resulting in support for the contemporary Neutrality Acts of the 1930s. For 10 points, name this Senate body that existed from 1934 to 1936, led by a namesake North Dakotan, which investigated the munitions industry's effect on the U.S. involvement in WWI. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Chicago Open History // rd: 2011 CO History Davis Hart.doc | |
| tossup 452 went dead. -- 23:9, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A novel set in this country incessantly repeats phrases like “sitting in the wing chair” while describing a vapid “artistic dinner.” An author from this country used the sentence “It was murder” to end her novel Malina, which was adapted into a screenplay by another woman from this country. A novel set in this modern-day country involves the “Parallel Campaign,” which Ulrich joins in its second part, “Pseudoreality Prevails.” An author from this country wrote a novel in which a man reminisces about his classmates Wertheimer (“VAIRT-hime-er”) and Glenn Gould. Ingeborg Bachmann, Elfriede Jelinek (“el-FREE-duh YELL-ih-neck”), and Robert Musil (“MOO-zill”) are from, for 10 points, what home country of Thomas Bernhard, who set The Loser partially in the Mozarteum in its city of Salzburg? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ACF Regionals // rd: Packet M (Columbia A, Wesleyan, and Chicago A) | |
| tossup 453 went dead. -- 23:9, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 4. This metal is found naturally in minerals like rutile and ilmenite, and compounds containing this metal combine with organoaluminum compounds to form polymerizing catalysts named after Giulio Natta and Karl Ziegler. This element was first produced industrially using the Hunter process, but is now formed after being reduced by magnesium in the (*) Kroll process. This metal’s nitride is commonly used to coat drill bits, and its dioxide is used as a white pigment. For ten points, name this silver-colored transition metal with atomic number 22 and symbol Ti. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 LIST III // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 454 went dead. -- 23:9, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An account of a meeting with William the Welshman in Antwerp suggests that this event occurred later than often believed. Suspects in this event include John Maltravers and Sir Thomas Gurney. Guillaume de Nogaret’s [gee-YOHM-duh-noh-guh-RAY] charges against Boniface VIII, adapted by Adam Orleton, formed the (*) rape-torture narrative of this event. Geoffrey le Baker claimed this event was instigated by Roger Mortimer and Isabella in response to rumours involving Piers Gaveston. For 10 points, identify this event, possibly caused by a red-hot poker in the royal anus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Cambridge Open // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 455 went dead. -- 23:9, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A variant of one example of this type of reaction uses 1,3-dichloro-cis-2-butene to avoid undesirable polymerization products; that reaction was critical to isolating the Wieland–Miescher ketone. It’s not a cascade reaction, but according to the Stork–Eschenmoser hypothesis, squalene epoxide undergoes the cationic form of this process. The selectivity of this kind of process depends on whether the carbon being attacked has a tet, trig, or dig geometry according to (*) Baldwin’s rules. A base-mediated intramolecular condensation of di-esters to form beta-keto esters is a famous example of one of these reactions named for Dieckmann. A Michael addition followed by an aldol condensation is a reaction of this type named for Robinson. For 10 points, name this class of reactions that create ring compounds. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Penn Bowl // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 456 went dead. -- 23:9, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 3. This adjective describes “stragglers” that are found outside of a star cluster’s Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, and giants of these type include Rigel and Bellatrix, which typically lie above the main sequence. This color names a type corundum containing trace amounts of iron. Prior to reduction, the (*) copper[II] ions in Benedict’s solution are of this color. Objects moving towards a source exhibit this kind of shift according to the Doppler effect, and this color appears in the spectrum between green and violet. For ten points, identify this color of the ocean and daytime sky. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 LIST IV // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 457 went dead. -- 23:9, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A general in this war dubbed a hill the “Mountain of Souls” in a poem after his forces captured 203 Hill during a siege in this war. This war was witnessed by several foreign observers like the British officer Ian Hamilton, who recorded his experience in A Staff Officer’s Scrapbook. During this war, General Kuropatkin managed to prevent the encirclement of his forces during his loss in Battle of (*) Liáoyáng. During a naval battle in this war, Admiral Rozhestvensky’s Baltic Fleet was decimated after the opposing fleet “crossed the T” under the leadership of Togo Heihachiro. Theodore Roosevelt helped end this war by mediating the terms of the Treaty of Portsmouth. For 10 points, name this 1904 to 1905 war in which Russia was defeated by a rising East Asian empire. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Terrapin // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 458 went dead. -- 23:9, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poem was first published in Botteghe Oscure alongside the author’s other poem “Lament,” which the author remarked formed “a contrast” with it. This poem was published in the author’s collection In Country Sleep, and Other Poems, and it variously describes “wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight,” (*) old men whose words “had forked no lightning,” and “grave men” near death. This villanelle was potentially addressed to the author’s dying father, and it urges the addressee to “burn and rave at close of day” and to “rage, rage against the dying of the light.” For 10 points, name this most famous poem by Dylan Thomas. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 459 went dead. -- 23:9, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man talked the Secretary of State and a senator into introducing Isaac Shelby to the leader of a forerunner to the Lewis and Clark expedition, a botanist named André Michaux. He lost much of his support after informing Alexander Dallas of his intentions regarding the ship Little Sarah, information soon transmitted to Pennsylvania Governor Thomas Mifflin. Alexander Hamilton proved this figure's chief supporter when a warrant for his arrest arrived in 1794. Gouverneur Morris notably predicted that Washington would dislike this figure shortly after his April 1793 arrival in Charleston, where he began gathering privateers like the Anti-George and the Sans-Culotte to attack British and Spanish holdings. For 10 points, name this French ambassador to the early United States, who endangered US neutrality in a namesake affair and was known as "Citizen." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Regionals // rd: Dartmouth A + DCC + VCU A | |
| tossup 460 went dead. -- 23:10, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this play explains a plan to use bellows to pump air through a ship and onto cut onions in order to test sailors for plague. The protagonist of this play repeatedly begs for rescue from a woman who lectures him about poetry and philosophy, and is saved when another character claims to have seen her husband with a courtesan. The protagonist of this play sings "let us prove, While we can, the sports of love" in an attempt to (*) seduce the virtuous Celia. Sir Politic Would-be appears in this play, which ends with a trial before the senate at which the two main characters are convicted. With the help of his servant Mosca, this play's main character pretends to be ill in order to get gifts from Corbaccio, Corvino, and Voltore. For 10 points, name this play subtitled "The Fox" about a wealthy Venetian nobleman by Ben Jonson. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Terrapin // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 461 went dead. -- 23:10, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This substance's complex formation patterns at minus fifteen Celsius can be understood by applying theMullins-Sekerka instability. The growth of this substance in the presence of surface melting was modeled by theLacmann, Stranski, and Kuroda. Temperature gradient metamorphism in this substance can cause it to beunderlain by a depth hoar. Ukichiro Nakaya developed a namesake morphology diagram for this substance, withaxes of ambient temperature and supersaturation, showing that it switches between (*) plate and columnarforms. Above the equilibrium line, this substance's accumulation outpaces its loss due to ablation. The movementof a cold air mass over warm water can create a lot of this substance due to the lake effect. For 10 points, name thisform of precipitation created by deposition of water vapor in the atmosphere and which consists of flakes ofcrystalline ice. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 VCU Open // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 462 went dead. -- 23:10, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One method of experimentally testing a property named for this scientist uses a T-E-P-O probe and analyses the system with phosphorus-31 NMR spectroscopy. The enthalpy change in a reaction involving two compounds named for this scientist can be calculated with the Drago-Wayland equation. When steric hindrance prevents a mixture of compounds named for this scientist from combining classically, the mixture is referred to as his namesake (*) "frustrated pair". One type of compound named for this scientist mediates the Mukaiyama aldol addition, and those compounds named for this scientist also typically catalyze EAS reactions. Boron trifluoride and aluminum trichloride are examples of his namesake "acids". For 10 points, name this American scientist who defined acids as electron pair acceptors. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 EMT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 463 went dead. -- 23:10, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: (TB) One character in this work is probably based on the protagonist of Meyerbeer’s Les Huguenots. Other operatic references in this work include a character hearing Eugene Onegin from local radios while walking alone after the opening scene. An enormous wax seal is applied to the doors of an apartment in this work, indicating that the inhabitant has died. Inhabitants of that building on Sadovaya Street include (*) the director of the Variety Theatre, a choirmaster with pince-nez, and the president of the literary society MASSOLIT, who slips on sunflower oil at the beginning of this novel and gets decapitated by a streetcar. For 10 points, name this novel in which Muscovites like poet Ivan Bezdomny and the two title characters encounter the devil disguised as a professor of black magic, a work by Mikhail Bulgakov. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 WAO II // rd: 04 | |
| tossup 464 went dead. -- 23:10, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An essay about this author claims that the title figure “borrow[s] his authority from death,” and discusses the fairy-tale like aspects of this author’s “The Voice of Nature.” Along with Kafka, this is the only author of short fiction who’s the subject of an essay in Illuminations. This author’s style of conveying lived experience in a traditional, practically-oriented fashion is contrasted with the rise of “information” and “news” in Walter Benjamin’s essay “The Storyteller.” In one of his stories, the main character poisons her father-in-law and strangles her husband to be with (*) Sergei. In another of his stories, “Cross-Eyed Lefty” puts tiny horseshoes on the title “Steal Flea.” For 10 points, name this successor of Gogol, a Russian author of folksy-comic short stories like “Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PIANO // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 465 went dead. -- 23:10, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Some claim the first example of this literary form is a 13th century Thomas Aquinas prayer. There are 112 of these in Edward Lear's Book of Nonsense. Ogden Nash is the purported author of one of these that starts "A wonderful bird is the (*) pelican / His bill can hold more than his belly can". The original text of one of these said a man from Nantucket kept all his cash in a bucket. Their rhyme scheme is A-A-B-B-A. An Irish county gives us the name of—for 10 points—what poetry with five lines? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Philly Cheesteak // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 466 went dead. -- 23:10, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The losing side of this battle captured the Count von Merveldt on the first day and sent him back with a peace offer the next day. Fire from 100 artillery pieces on Gallows Hill commanded by Antoine Drouot preceded a 10,000 man cavalry charge on the forces of Schwarzenberg. During the retreat from this battle, a prematurely exploded bridge resulted in the capture of (*) Reynier. This battle saw fighting over a manor in the village of Markkleeberg, as well as an engagement at Liebertwolkwitz, where the winning side's cavalry pushed back the columns led by Murat. The defection of some Saxon troops secured victory in this battle for the forces commanded by Blücher, Alexander I of Russia, and Charles XIV John of Sweden. For 10 points, name this 1813 victory for the Sixth Coalition over Napoleon, nicknamed the Battle of the Nations. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 QUARK // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 467 went dead. -- 23:10, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This country's FDJ party sent Friendship Brigades to train workers in several African nations. This nation signed the Treaty of Zgorzelec with an Eastern neighbor and it had to buy Vietnamese beans during its three-year long "coffee crisis." This country signed the Transit Agreement with a neighboring country loosening border restrictions shortly before signing the Basic (*) Treaty with that neighbor. The SED party led this country for its existence and its last leader, Egon Krenz, resigned after the destruction of a barrier built by Walter Ulbricht. Led from 1971 to 1989 by Erich Honecker, for 10 points, name this country in which the Stasi kept order and the Berlin Wall was built, the communist neighbor of West Germany. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SUBMIT // rd: Michigan A, MIT A | |
| tossup 468 went dead. -- 23:10, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper revealed that byproducts from the liquor industry were used in the production of an adulterated bluish form of this substance in 1850s New York. A Cuban national hero who broke the world record for producing this substance was honored by a marble statue and a full-page obituary in Granma. Pottery residues indicate that this substance was used by humans in the 7th millennium BCE, challenging the theory that this substance and wool were first used in the secondary (*) products revolution. Edward Jenner invented the smallpox vaccine after observing people who got a similar disease while producing this substance. Margaret Thatcher became known as a “snatcher” of this substance for ending its free provision to schoolchildren. For 10 points, name this substance produced by Fidel Castro’s favorite cow, White Udder. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 WAO II // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 469 went dead. -- 23:10, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This mathematician extended the much earlier result that all numbers of a particular form are perfect by showing that all even perfect numbers take that form. He was the first to prove that the infinite sum of “1 over n-squared” equals “pi-squared over six.” The simplest Runge–Kutta method is the first-order method of solving differential equations named for this man. The constant given by the (*) harmonic series minus the natural logarithm at the limit is named for this man and Mascheroni. This mathematician names the identity “e to the i-pi equals negative 1.” For 10 points, name this 18th century Swiss mathematician, who named the base of the natural logarithm e. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 BHSAT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 470 went dead. -- 23:10, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Stephen I of Hungary married the daughter of one Duke of this region, which was ruled by the Wittelsbachs and reunited by Duke Albert IV. One conflict fought over the succession of this region called the Potato War was ended with the Peace of Tetschen, and was caused by Joseph II's attempts to control it. The Duke of Marlborough fought the Battle of Blenheim in this region during the War of Spanish Succession. Henry the Lion was the Duke of Saxony and this state, and other rulers of this state included Ludwig II, also called Ludwig the Mad. For 10 points, name this South Western German state, with capital at Munich. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 MUT // rd: MUT 2010 - EP Gaurav - Done.doc | |
| tossup 471 went dead. -- 23:11, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One kingdom based in this country was first ruled by Oldman, and later by kings including Jeremy II. Three regions of that kingdom were ruled by a General, an Admiral, and a Governor. One president of this still-extant country referred to himself as "the grey-eyed man of destiny" and burnt its capital after being ousted. The (*) Boland amendment dealt primarily with this country, which was formerly led by William Walker. This country's city of Bluefields was the center of its mixed-race Miskito Kingdom, which was a British protectorate until its annexation. This country was led by Daniel Ortega and his Sandinista Party. The founder of modernismo hailed from, for ten points, this Central American country with its capital at Managua. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 JAKOB // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 472 went dead. -- 23:11, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man sent orders to put troops in southern Italy from a meeting at Laibach, which reaffirmedagreements made at Troppau a year prior. With the pope, the czar, and Guizot (ghee-ZOH), KarlMarx listed this man as part of a "holy alliance" against the specter of Communism. A decade aftersecuring a marriage for princess Maria Louise, he ordered the Burschenschaften student groupsdisbanded in response to the (*) assassination of playwright August von Kotzebue via the Carlsbaddecrees. This man led a festive meeting which established a 38-state German Confederation, whereBritain's Viscount Castlereagh helped form the Quadruple Alliance. For 10 points, name this conservativeminister who stabilized post-Napoleonic Europe by chairing the Congress of Vienna. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 PACE NSC // rd: 18 | |
| tossup 473 went dead. -- 23:11, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote about a soldier who could summon three monstrous dogs by striking the title "Tinderbox." Gerda travels to remove a splinter of a troll's mirror from Kai in this author's "The (*) Snow Queen." In another story, a title princess drinks a Sea Witch's potion to become a human, but dies when she cannot win the love of her prince. For 10 points, identify this Danish author of children's fairy tales like "The Little Mermaid." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 SCOP Novice // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 474 went dead. -- 23:11, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author criticized pretentious directors and film theory in "I Can't Get That Monster Out of My Mind". In another work, she recalls playing the song "Wichita Lineman" to get an Ezra Pound quote out of her head. This author's interviews with Linda Kasabian, a former Manson family member, as well as her visits to Black Panther Party meetings and (*) Doors recording sessions, are chronicled in an essay that begins with the statement "we tell ourselves stories in order to live." She wrote about life in the aftermath of her husband in The Year of Magical Thinking and used a Yeats quote for the title of an essay on the Haight-Ashbury district in the 60's, "Slouching Towards Bethlehem." For 10 points, name this female American essayist of "The White Album". | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 PACE NSC // rd: 23 | |
| tossup 475 went dead. -- 23:11, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome may suffer an aneurysm of part of this structure. This structure is considered “overriding” in patients with tetralogy of Fallot, and Turner’s syndrome often results in this structure’s narrowing. Baroreceptors in this structure’s (*) arch relay blood pressure information to the medulla oblongata; that arch splits off into the brachiocephalic, left common carotid, and left subclavian branches. This structure’s descending section passes the diaphragm and terminates by splitting into the common iliac arteries. Oxygenated blood is received from the heart and distributed by--for 10 points--what largest artery in the human body? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 FACTS // rd: Ed 9 | |
| tossup 476 went dead. -- 23:11, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel, a dead parachutist is thought to be a large, deformed ape by Samneric, and Simon has a silent chat with the title figure, a pig's head on a stick. A conch shell symbolizes authority, while a pair of glasses is used to make signal fires. Roger uses a boulder to kill (*) Piggy in this work, and near the end Ralph is hunted by Jack. For 10 points, name this novel about some boys stranded on an island, by William Golding. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 477 went dead. -- 23:11, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An attempt on this man's life led to the death of police officer Leslie Coffelt, who managed to kill Griselio Torresola. That assassination attempt was also perpetrated by Oscar Collazo, who was a Puerto Rican nationalist. As president, this man vetoed the Taft-Hartley Act and desegregated the (*) armed forces. This proponent of a "Fair Deal" recalled Douglas MacArthur during the Korean War. This man is depicted holding a copy of the Chicago Daily Tribune that claims that he had lost to Thomas Dewey in the 1948 presidential election. For 10 points, name this president who ordered the dropping of an atomic bomb on Hiroshima. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 JAMES // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 478 went dead. -- 23:11, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Barker's equation is used to describe one phenomenon that occurs in this shape, and a rotatingfluid in a container takes on this shape. In quantum mechanics, a potential of this shape gives rise towavefunctions that are the product of a Gaussian function and a Hermite polynomial. In celestialmechanics, an object moving in this shape has velocity square root of two G M over r, and captureorbits and escape orbits have this shape. A charge moving straight when entering a uniform electric(*) field will travel in this shape. Lenses in this shape so no spherical aberration, since they focus allparallel rays at a point. For 10 points, name this shape, which is also traced out by a projectile fired into theair at an angle with no air resistance. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 21 | |
| tossup 479 went dead. -- 23:11, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Brands of these things are marketed under names like the Hubbard Flex and the Cobb 500. In 1951, Charles Vantress won $5,000 in a nationwide contest to find one of these things "of tomorrow" that was bred from New Hampshire and California Cornish parents. Cornell professor Robert C. Baker has been dubbed the George Washington Carver of these things in part because he invented a machine to (*) debone them. The internment of Japanese-Americans caused a shortage in specialized workers able to determine the sex of these animals. American automotive manufactures are protected by a 25% tariff on foreign trucks named for these animals. These animals once appeared in the name of a Yum! Brands franchise founded in Corbin, Kentucky which had great success with the Bucket Deal. For 10 points, name these birds which maybe constitute the meat in your McNuggets. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 We Have Never Been Modern // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 480 went dead. -- 23:11, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These events can be caused by rear flank downdrafts reaching a mesocyclone within a supercell.As rain wraps around the mesocyclone, it creates a "hook echo" pattern on Doppler radar; that isone criterion for the National Weather Service to issue a (*) "Warning" that one of these events isimminent. The Fujita scales measure the impact of, for 10 points, what funnel-shaped columns of airwhose debris clouds can reach the ground? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SCOP Novice // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 481 went dead. -- 23:11, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one essay, this author argued that “mind and millinery” writing reinforced “the popular prejudice against the more solid education of women.” This author wrote a novella in which the revived corpse of a maid informs Latimer that his wife Bertha is trying to poison him. This author of “Silly Novels by Lady Writers” wrote a story in which the clergyman Mr. Gilfil falls in unrequited love with Tina Sarti. In another novel, (*) she wrote about Sir John Raffles who blackmails the banker and former purveyor of stolen Nicholas Bulstrode. In addition to The Lifted Veil and Scenes of Clerical Life, she wrote a novel that ends with Will Ladislaw announcing his marriage to Edward Casaubon’s wife. For 10 points, name this author who wrote about Dorothea Brooke in Middlemarch. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Terrapin // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 482 went dead. -- 23:11, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One work by this poet discusses a "unique distance from isolation" and calls the title action "[a]n emblem of two people being honest". The speaker of another poem by this man wonders whether "dubious women" who "make their children touch a particular stone" will visit the title place, which "held unsplit/So long and equably what since is found/Only in separation". This poet of "Talking in Bed" and "Church Going" wrote about "everyone young going down the long slide/To happiness, endlessly" in one poem, and another of his poems begins, "Groping back to bed after a piss/I part thick curtains." This poet also wrote about "fools in old-style hats and coats" in a work that ends with the advice, "Get out as early as you can/And don't have any kids yourself." For 10 points, name this poet of "High Windows", "Sad Steps", and "This Be the Verse". | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Mavis Gallant Memorial // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 483 went dead. -- 23:12, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A prominent philosopher and statesman of this ethnicity, J. V. Snellman, often had his nationalistic work shut down. The Bible was translated into this ethnicity's language by the Lutheran bishop Mikael Agricola. The February Manifesto weakened the power of this ethnic group, whose land was occupied in the "Lesser Wrath," or Pikkuviha, following the War of the Hats. In 1809, this ethnic group was placed under a "Grand Duchy," whose first capital was Turku, under Tsar Alexander I of Russia. For 10 points, name these people whose nationalist sentiment grew after Elias Lonnrot collected its folk tales into the epic poem Kalevala. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 NASAT // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 484 went dead. -- 23:12, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this novel was inspired by the Goths to debate about getting his son breeches in a "bed of justice." The narrator of this novel discusses his Aunt Dinah's black mask and how the women in his family show their faces in public. The narrator of this novel dubs his uncle's method of argumentation "Argumentum fistulatorium," because he would respond by whistling. Didius is the author of a difficult-to-understand document in this novel. One character in this novel asks if her husband had forgotten to wind up the clock at an inconvenient time, and Susannah's mispronunciation results in a problem for the main character. One character in this novel has a hobby-horse related to the battle where his groin was injured. That character in this novel is Uncle Toby. This novel's narrator's nose is flattened, and he is circumcised by a window. For 10 points, identify this novel that includes the gravity-hating Parson Yorick, written by Laurence Sterne. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Editors 3 | |
| tossup 485 went dead. -- 23:12, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This molecule is produced from D-glucose in the Reichstein process. It's not folate, but the reduced form of this molecule has a enediol which is oxidized to a diketone. This vitamin is produced in some organisms by the enzyme L-gluconolactone oxidase, which is not found in humans. This vitamin is used as a cofactor by an enzyme that produces norepinephrine from dopamine. This vitamin is used by hydroxylase enzymes that act on the lysine and proline residues in collagen, which is why a deficiency of this vitamin leads to a condition characterized by a poor fibrosis and gum bleeding. For 10 points, name this vitamin that prevents scurvy and is found in citrus fruits. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Fall // rd: 16 | |
| tossup 486 went dead. -- 23:12, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These devices are used to balance Kerr nonlinearities with dispersion nonlinearities when used with a Raman emitter toproduce a namesake soliton laser. The mandrel wrapping technique is used to attenuate high-order modes in these devices.Impurities or geometrical defects in these devices result in cladding modes that do not decay exponentially. These devices aretypically manufactured in step-index and gradient-index variants, and they can be doped to create a W-shaped refractive indexprofile that is useful as a gain medium in lasers. Charles Kao's pioneering work in telecommunications using these devices wonhim part of the 2009 Nobel Prize. Photons entering these waveguides must lie within the acceptance cone, whose openingangle is given by Snell's law, since these devices conÂfine light by total internal reflflection. For 10 points, name these cylindricalstructures consisting of a glass core surrounded by a cladding, that permit the transmission of light over long distances withminimal loss. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Nationals // rd: Yale | |
| tossup 487 went dead. -- 23:12, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: . In this city, Thomas Moss, the owner of the Peoples Grocery, was lynched by a white mob, prompting resident Ida B. Wells to call for blacks to leave this city. Voting rights in this city were protected by the machine of "Boss" Crump. An event in this city led to the hasty implementation of the Poor People's Campaign and to a riot in Washington, D.C. faced by Mayor Walter Washington. During Henry Loeb's tenure as mayor of this city, Echol Cole and Robert Walker were accidentally crushed to death, leading to a strike of (*) sanitation workers. The speech "I've Been to the Mountaintop" was given in support of that strike in this city by a man who was shot the next day in the Lorraine Motel by James Earl Ray. For 10 points, name this city where Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated, the largest city in Tennessee. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 STIMPY // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 488 went dead. -- 23:12, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Tankyrase proteins modify proteins that in turn regulate these structures. Sheltrin complexes obscure these structures so that they are not affected by a cell's repair pathways. Dyskeratosis congenita is caused by a body's inability to regulate these structures. These structures determine a cell's Hayflick limit. The active site of an enzyme named after these structures is called its "palm," and that enzyme functions as a reverse transcriptase to lengthen these structures. In humans, these structures are composed of a series of GGGTTA repeats, and they solve the end replication problem. For 10 points, name these segments of DNA found at the tips of chromosomes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 ACF Fall // rd: Stanford.doc | |
| tossup 489 went dead. -- 23:12, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A team led by Walter Oelert was the first to observe anti hydrogen at this entity's LEAR facility. Â ISOLDE, the On Line Isotope Mass Separator, is a source of Radioactive nuclei for experiments run by this entity. The ENQUIRE project, led by Tim Berners-Lee was the predecessor to the internet and was sponsored by this entity. A much larger project of this entity is about to add MoEDAL to a lineup already including an experiment named for its Toroidal Magnet system. Also containing TOTEM, CMS, ALICE, and the previously mentioned ATLAS, That experiment also contains superconducting magnets cooled by helium. In late 2008 a leak of that helium caused that particle collider to shut down for several months, delaying the potential discovery of the Higgs Boson. FTP, name this Organization, the European based organization that sponsors the Large Hadron Collider. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Penn Bowl // rd: Maryland A | |
| tossup 490 went dead. -- 23:12, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man was allegedly told by his wife not to "shilly-shally," leading him to move to seat female delegates. In one speech, this man pointed to "pictured lips" on portraits of notable men and imagined them lambasting his state's Attorney General James Austin as a "slanderer of the dead." Richard Hofstadter called this non-President man "The Patrician as Agitator" in The American Political Tradition. Andrew Johnson asked a heckler to hang Thaddeus Stevens and this man in a drunken outburst from the Swing Around the Circle. This man became an activist after seeing an attempted lynching outside his Court Street legal office. After a preface, a letter from this man precedes the original Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. He rejected a comparison to the Boston Tea Party and harshly critiqued a press- burning mob in Alton, Illinois in an unplanned speech at Faneuil Hall that lifted him to fame. For 10 points, name this American abolitionist orator who delivered a stirring eulogy for Elijah Lovejoy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Chicago Open // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 491 went dead. -- 23:12, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of this man's essays describes how a "novel goes out in search of its author" and sharply criticizes Americo Castro for creating linguistic anarchy in the author's homeland. This essayist behind Heterdoxia and One and the Universe wrote a novel whose plot is partially based on a painting that contains a window showing a woman on a lonely beach – an element that is singled out by the narrator in his analysis of the Maternidad. Another of this author's works intertwines the historical narrative of Juan Lavalle's voyage to Bolivia in the 19th century. That novel by this author is divided into four parts, and has a third part that describes a blind man selling pencils to its characters like Bruno and is part of a "Report on the Blind." For 10 points, name this Argentine essayist and author of The Tunnel and On Heroes and Tombs. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Illinois Open // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 492 went dead. -- 23:12, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This crime was committed by the women Perpetua and Felicitas, leading to their execution during Septimius Severus's reign. Pliny the Younger expressed unease at prosecuting this crime in the 96th letter between him and Trajan. It's not tax evasion, but Diocletian ramped up enforcement against this crime. Tacitus and Suetonius first mention criminals of this type when writing about Nero's lash-out at them after the Great Fire of Rome. Catacombs were tunnels built by committers of this offense, which was decriminalized by the 313 Edict of Milan. For 10 points, name this offense in the Roman Empire, for which Ignatius of Antioch and many future saints were martyred. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 BHSAT // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 493 went dead. -- 23:12, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This country sent no troops to participate in World War I because its army was busy suppressing the Contesado Rebellion. Officers from this country known as tenentes staged several uprisings. Soldiers from this country defeated a group of millenarian "rebels in the backlands" led by Antonio the Counselor. This country's fascist Integralist movement was crushed by a leader whose apparent involvement in the Rua Tonelero scandal prompted his (*) suicide. This nation was led by Washington Luis, the last of the "coffee and milk" presidents. Dictator Getulio Vargas established the Estado Novo in this nation, which is home to slums called favelas. For 10 points, name this country, one of the ABC powers alongside Argentina and Chile. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 PACE NSC // rd: 24 | |
| tossup 494 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the degradation of threonine to glycine, the PLP aided reverse of this reaction liberates a sulfur containing compound. The reverse of this reaction is also carried out by thiolases in the primary pathway that compounds like oleic acid and this reaction occurs between acyl synthase and malonyl-CoA in fatty acid synthesis. One version of this reaction creates Ethyl 2-oxocyclopentanecarboxylate from Diethyl hexanedioate. Unlike mechanistically similar reaction, in this reaction the OR group is expelled to collapse the tetrahedral intermediate. A version of this reaction occurring within a molecule that is useful in making five and six membered rings is named for Dieckmann. For 10 points, name this base catalyzed reaction between two esters that yields a beta-keto ester. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Regionals // rd: Alabama + Yale C + Alberta | |
| tossup 495 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of the more famous applications of the Baire category theorem, as first applied by Banach and Mazurkiewicz, is that most functions on the closed interval zero one, with some restrictions, do not have this property anywhere. The “classes” of this property are represented by a C followed by a superscript number, C superscript infinity corresponding to a smooth function. If a function is monotone on an open interval, then it has this property almost everywhere on that interval according to (*) Lebesgue’s (luh-beg’s) theorem. A function possessing this property is a necessary precondition for applying Taylor’s theorem. As exemplified by the Weierstrass function, a necessary but not sufficient condition for this property is that a function be continuous. For 10 points, identify this property possessed by functions whose derivative exists at every point in their domain. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 MUT // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 496 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After being dispatched with a small force of three biremes (BY-reemz), this general was credited with ending a seven-year civil war in Cyrene by governing that city after the departure of Caius Claudius Pulcher. After this man reportedly cut a channel through a mountain to let in seawater, he was jokingly compared to a Persian who cut through the isthmus at Mount Athos, and ridiculed as “Xerxes in a Toga.” Although this general was victorious at the Battle of Artaxata, his army disobeyed his orders and forced him to set up winter camp at Nisibis. This general secretly sent a messenger into the plague-ridden city of Cyzicus (SIZ-uh-kuss), forcing his opponent to leave that city, after which he captured Tigranocerta and defeated Tigranes II while pursuing his foe into Armenia. The Lex Manilia forced this man to turn over his command to Pompey, after which he retired to his gardens. For 10 points, name this Roman general known for putting on luxurious banquets and warring against Mithridates VI of Pontus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 24 - Maryland A | |
| tossup 497 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Garcilaso de la Vega wrote a poem in this form that rhymes the line “enciende el corazón y lo refrena” (en-see-EN-day el co-ra-ZONE ee lo re-FRAY-na) with “En tanto que de rosa y azucena” (en TON-toh kay day RO-sa ee a-zu-SAY-na). The line “is corpse, is dust, is shadow, and is nothing” concludes a poem in this form by Sor Juana that is addressed “To Her Portrait.” A poem in this form observes “Yet I see clearly now I have become / an old tale amongst these people.” That poem concludes, “at the beginning / of the first hour, on the sixth day of April, / I entered the labyrinth, and see no escape.” A rhetorical shift near the middle of poems in this form is called the “volta” or “turn.” A collection primarily consisting of poems in this form begins “You who hear the sound, in scattered rhymes.” That collection, Il Canzoniere, includes many poems in this form dedicated to Laura. For 10 points, name this poetic form whose “Petrarchan” variant consists of an octave and a sestet. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 NASAT // rd: 06 | |
| tossup 498 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The first major battle was decided when Mago routed the army of Tiberius Sempronius Longus and was fought along the Trebia River. In the final battle of this war, the Roman victor abused the fact that his opponents were forced to move in a straight line. The losing commander in this war scored a victory at Lake Trasimene and took a company of 30 war elephants through the Alps. For 10 points, name this war, fought from 218 to 201 BCE by the forces of Hannibal and Scipio Africanus, the respective military leaders of Carthage and Rome. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collegiate Novice // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 499 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Rossi and Hall measured this effect in the atmospheric decay of muons. A combination of two forms of this effect was observed in the Hafele–Keating experiment. In another experiment designed to test this effect, Mössbauer spectroscopy was used to measure the gravitational redshift of light over a distance of 22.5 meters. A formula for one form of this effect can be derived from the Schwarzschild metric; that gravitational form was verified by the Pound–Rebka experiment. This effect causes an error of 38.6 microseconds per day in GPS satellites. The twin paradox is a result of this effect. For 10 points, identify this consequence of special relativity in which clocks moving relative to an observer appear to run more slowly compared to clocks at rest. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 NASAT // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 500 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Early in this man's political career, due to the efforts of the Earl of Oxford and Lord Bolingbroke, he was accused of corruption and sentenced to the Tower of London for six months. Very late in his career, he passed an act that forced all plays to be preapproved by the Lord Chamberlain; the Licensing Act was partly due to his portrayal as the despicable Mr. Peachum. One important supporter of this man had prevented her husband from dismissing this man; she was Queen Caroline. His influence decreased after starting a war due to a man's lost ear during a Spanish ship inspection. Earlier, this man restored confidence in the government finances after a certain company's stocks had crashed after rising from 128? to over 1000? in 8 months. For ten points, name this man who started the War of Jenkin's Ear and dealt with the South Sea Bubble, the first British Prime Minister. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Princeton Buzzerfest // rd: MichiganB.doc | |
| tossup 501 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Polycystic ovary syndrome can cause a resistance to this hormone, and the enzyme trypsin was used to determine the structure of this hormone by Frederick Sanger. This hormone activates hexokinase and inhibits glucose-six-phosphate in the liver, which increases the phosphorylation of glucose. Increased concentrations of this hormone results in the activation of proteins that transport glucose across cell membranes, and the underproduction of this hormone can lead to high blood pressure. For 10 points, name this hormone produced by the beta cells in the pancreas that is lacking in people with diabetes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 502 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a poem by this author, Files-on-Parade asks “What are the bugles blowing for” and “What makes you so white, so white?” before the Colour-Sargeant replies “They’re hanging Danny Deever in the mornin.’” This poet romanticized a place “By the old Moulmein pagoda” in a poem whose speaker wishes “Ship me somewheres east of Suez” so he can travel the road to the title location. Another poem by this author advises “If you can keep your head when all about you / are losing theirs …. You’ll be a Man, my son!” This author of “Mandalay” and “If” wrote a collection about a boy raised by Indian wolves named Mowgli. For 10 points, name this British author of The Jungle Book. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 ACF Fall // rd: Cambridge A_JHU A_UCSD B_WUSTL A | |
| tossup 503 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The city of Cologne was briefly expelled from the Hanseatic League for accepting special trade privileges from this King of England, who fought a four year Anglo-Hanseatic War. This king signed the Treaty of Fotheringhay with the Duke of Albany, a pretender to the Scottish throne, as part of an attempt to overthrow James III of Scotland. This king signed the Treaty of Picquigny, under which he renounced English claims to the French throne in exchange for money from Louis XI. This king ended a brief period of English history called the "readeption". A conspiracy to overthrow this king was allegedly led by George, Duke of Clarence. After this king's death, the Titulus Regius invalidated his marriage to Elizabeth Woodville, causing him to be succeeded by his youngest brother, Richard. For 10 points, name this first king from the House of York, the father of the Princes in the Tower and rival of Henry VI. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Nationals // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 504 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 3. One theory of these phenomena was developed by Karl Schimper and Louis Agassiz, whose work drew upon the ideas of Goethe and de Charpentier. The first of these events, probably triggered by the Great Oxygenation Event, was known as the Huronian, while the most recent one created many pluvial lakes. They can be identified through chemical proxies such as isotopes in sediment (*) cores, and organisms that lived during these time periods include ground sloths, saber-tooth cats, and mastodons. For ten points, identify these periods of long-term reduction in the Earth’s surface temperature, which may have resulted in a Snowball Earth. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 LIST III // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 505 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A correction to this equation includes a constant Q, a function of mass and the barrier width,when quantum tunneling is possible. The concentration of crystal defects is modelled by thisequation. A microscopic version of this equation uses a transmission coefficient, multiplied byBoltzmann's constant times temperature over Planck's constant. On a linear plot generated from thisequation, the x-axis is one over temperature, and the y-intercept is the log of the product of the (*)collision frequency and the steric factor. An increase of temperature of 10 degrees causes the left side ofthis equation to approximately double. For 10 points, name this equation which gives the reaction rateconstant as a function of temperature, named for a Swedish chemist. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 PACE NSC // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 506 went dead. -- 23:13, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A formula that generates these numbers subtracts one exponential term from another and divides the result byroot five. Binet's formula gives a closed-form expression for these numbers, which were first conceptualized tocalculate the number of rabbits produced each month given an initial pair. Considered successively, the limit of theratio of these numbers is equal to phi, the golden ratio. For 10 points, name these numbers formed by summing theprevious two terms in a namesake sequence that starts 1, 1, 2, 3, 5. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Collegiate Novice // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 507 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Five siblings in this novel often communicate with each other in whimsical rhyming couplets, and include a girl nicknamed Kuku who plays Schubert lieder with a German boy named Hans. A character in this novel makes a wedding proposal by writing an acrostic poem entitled “A Modest Proposal.” In this novel, Maan stabs his best friend in a rage, mistakenly thinking his friend is wooing the (*) courtesan with whom Maan is obsessed. A major subplot in this novel concerns a politician’s attempts to pass a bill abolishing a system of hereditary land ownership. In this novel, violence breaks out after the collision of a Ramlila procession and an Ashura procession, which are juxtaposed with a performance of Twelfth Night in which Kabir plays Malvolio. For 10 points, name this massive novel about Rupa Mehra’s search for a husband for her daughter Lata, written by Vikram Seth. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 CMST // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 508 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One ruler of this city, known as the Wise, fought Louis IV of Bavaria and was named Robert. The last duke of this city died at the Battle of Rignano while fighting against Ranulf II alongside Roger II. That man, Sergius VII, was a member of the Sergi dynasty. Louis the Great attacked this city in revenge for his brother Andrew, who had been married to Joan I of this place. After a victory at Ponte della Maddalena, Cardinal Fabrizio Ruffo organized the Sanfedisti to overthrow the Parthenopean Republic in this city. Spain took control of this city after the battle of Garigliano, and Jan Hus opposed Baldassare Cossa's attempts to organize a crusade against a ruler of this city who controlled Innocent VII, Ladislaus. Henry II of Lorraine was opposed in a revolt by the fisherman Masaniello in this city. The Battle of Tolentino signaled the restoration of Ferdinand IV to power here. For 10 points, identify this Campanian city, once ruled by Joachim Murat. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 ACF Nationals // rd: r13- Chicago A.doc | |
| tossup 509 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this work has six daughters, all with first names starting with A, and gives Lilia candy | |
| every time that character visits. | |
| The title character of another of its stories frequently orders whole fish from | |
| a food market and gets in a car accident with Eliot, an 11-year old she was babysitting. | |
| Twinkle finds various | |
| Christian icons in her new home in “This Blessed House”, a story in this work. | |
| The first story in this | |
| collection sees a husband and wife reveal to each other things they’ve never told each other before during | |
| nightly power outages and is titled “A (*) | |
| Temporary Matter”. | |
| Mr. Kapasi, the title figure of this collection, also | |
| works as a tour guide and fights off some monkeys attacking Bobby, the son of Indian-American Mrs. Das. | |
| For 10 | |
| points, name this short story collection by Jhumpa Lahiri, titled for a character who translates the ailments of | |
| patients in a doctor’s office. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Terrapin Invitational // rd: FINAL_UW A+Columbia_B.doc | |
| tossup 510 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one poem in this collection, the speaker repeatedly implores a maiden with a lamp, "My house is all dark and lonesome—lend me your light!" In another poem from it, the speaker forgoes "noisy, loud words," declaring, "Henceforth I will deal in whispers." One of this collection's lyrics asks, "Let my country awake," imagining a place "where the mind is without fear and the head is held high." In this collection's first poem, the speaker compares himself to a "frail vessel" in which "still there is room to fill." That poem begins, "Thou hast made me endless, such is thy pleasure." This collection is often printed with an introduction by W.B. Yeats. With a title meaning "Song Offerings," for 10 points, name this collection of the poet's own English translations, by the Bengali author Rabindranath Tagore. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 MAGNI // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 511 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 17. A kingdom in this modern-day country was legendarily defeated by the Jewish queen Gudit. In this country, Operation Solomon rescued some people, who, according to the Kebra Nagast, were descended from the Queen of Sheba. This country was invaded in the Ogaden war. This country was led by Mengistu as the head of the communist Derg, which came to power following the ouster of a man venerated in (*) Rastafarianism. This country resisted European domination by defeating Italy at the battle of Adowa under the leadership of Menelik II. For 10 points, name this African country, which joined the UN under Haile Selassie. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 BASK // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 512 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Near the start of this novel, the main characters witness a dead dog at the top of a waterfall, providing a chance for the grand-niece of the Abbess of Gesshu to steal some time alone with the main character, her eventual love interest. One scene from this novel sees a character who lost an emerald ring and his friend be forced to search for it in a lawn during a downpour, prompting them to leave school; those characters are two (*) princes from Thailand known as Chao P and Kri. After arranging an abortion, Satoko Ayakura runs away to live in a convent, while it ends with the death of Kiyaoki Matsugae, who tells his friend Shigekuni Honda that, in his dreams, he knows they will meet again, foreshadowing the events of Runaway Horses and The Temple of Dawn. For 10 points, name this first novel in Yukio Mishima's Sea of Fertility series. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ANGST // rd: UTS | |
| tossup 513 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The speaker of this poem twice refers to the "doors where my heart was used to beat / So quickly" in reference to a friend's former home. One section of this poem addresses a "dear heavenly friend that canst not die, / Mine, mine, for ever, ever mine." The speaker notes that "we live within the stranger's land, / And strangely falls our Christmas-eve" in the last of the three descriptions of Christmas that mark the passage of time in this work. In one climactic section of this poem, the speaker reaches (*) "empyreal heights of thought" upon reading "those fall'n leaves which kept their green, / The noble letters of the dead." Nature is described as "red in tooth and claw" by this poem, which inspired an iambic tetrameter quatrain with rhyme scheme ABBA to be called its namesake stanza. Its best-known lines come from section 27, in which the speaker concludes, "'Tis better to have loved and lost / Than never to have loved at all." For 10 points, name this 133-part poem on the death of Arthur Henry Hallam, written by Alfred, Lord Tennyson. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BARGE // rd: Yale A + Minnesota B | |
| tossup 514 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The functional of which a system's evolution is a stationary point is equal to this operation applied to the difference between kinetic and potential energies. The voltage across a capacitor is given the inverse of its capacitance times this operation applied to the current across it, since charge can be calculated by applying this operation to current. Applying this operation to the Lagrangian gives the (*) action, while applying it to power gives energy and applying it to force gives impulse. For 10 points, name this operation which can be applied to acceleration to get velocity and to velocity to get displacement, an operation which corresponds to finding the area under a curve of functions of a certain quantity. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 MUT // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 515 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This president signed the Budget and Accounting Act and made Charles Dawes director of the newly created Bureau of the Budget. This politician gave the speech nominating William Howard Taft at the 1912 Republican Convention and appointed Taft as chief justice of the Supreme Court. Party leaders decided to back this man in a "smoke-filled room" of the Blackstone Hotel. This man ran for president promising a "return to normalcy." His Secretary of the Interior, Albert Fall, accepted bribes from oil companies in exchange for drilling contracts. For 10 points, name this Ohio Republican whose administration was tainted by the Teapot Dome Scandal. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Fall // rd: Washington | |
| tossup 516 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a novel written by an author from this country, the protagonist Joey is patronized back intochildhood by Professor Pimko. This country is invaded by the Mongol Murti Bing in the novelInsatiability, which another author from here discussed in the opening chapter of his anti-Communistwork The Captive Mind. Although it begins by invoking the name of a different place, (*) Pan Tadeuszis the national epic of this country. In a novel from here, Ursus saves Lygia from a bull in an arena, afterwhich they flee with Vinicius to escape the wrath of the emperor Nero. That novel's title is the questionasked by Saint Peter when he encountered Jesus leaving Rome. For 10 points, name this country home toCzeslaw Milosz and Henryk Sienkiewicz. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 17 | |
| tossup 517 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In 2009, the Wooster Group put on an acclaimed staging of this play, in which the title character was portrayed in a genderbent fashion by Kate Valk who had “thick, oily, makeup covering her face.” The actor “Slim” Martin reported that the first actor to portray this play’s title character once told him “I created the role,” not the author. The second actor to play its title role memorized all of its lines in less than two weeks, and also simultaneously starred in another of its author’s plays about Jim Harris, who resolves to not take the bar exam after an argument with his wife Ella. This play’s title character was originally played by Charles Gilpin, but he dropped out and was replaced by Paul Robeson after an incident in which Gilpin used the word “coloreds” instead of the “n”-word. A Pullman porter who is supposedly impervious to everything but silver bullets is the title character of, for 10 points, what tragedy by Eugene O’Neill? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Chicago Open // rd: Editors 4 | |
| tossup 518 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one story by this author, the Great Brakeman predicts the seven o’clock train that two students from St. Midas’ School arrive on. In another story by this author, the protagonist is blamed for the death of his wife because he locked her out of the house during a blizzard. This author created Mr. Washington, who tries to bribe God with a (*) gemstone. Helen fights her husband Charlie Wales for custody of their daughter Honoria in this author’s story “Babylon Revisited.” In a novel by this author, “Owl Eyes” is among the few attendants to a funeral for a West-Egg resident shot in a swimming pool by George Wilson. For 10 points, name this creator of Nick Carraway and author of The Great Gatsby. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ILLIAC // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 519 went dead. -- 23:14, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The two proteins that mediate this process in S. cerevisiae are Dmc1 and Rad51. The site of occurrenceof this process is regulated by the zinc finger protein PRDM9. In bacteria, this process often occurs at chisites. This process occurs when Xer is activated by FtSK and acts at dif sites, converting dimers tomonomers. One form of this process, which was first discovered with the P1 bacteriophage by Sternbergand Hamilton, uses loxP sites and the Cre enzyme. Strains of bacteria that have the fertility factorintegrated into their chromosome exhibit a high frequency of this process. A cross-shaped structure that canbe formed during this process is the Holliday junction. The process of synapsis, in which two homologouschromosomes are paired, leads to this process in meiosis. For 10 points, identify this process in which DNAis broken and rejoined to produce new genes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Open // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 520 went dead. -- 23:15, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man described the Arab sphere, the African sphere, and the Muslim sphere in his Philosophy of Revolution. This leader secured a purchase of Soviet weaponry in the so-called Czech arms deal. This man launched his Liberation Rally party and imprisoned his predecessor, Mohamed Naguib, a leader of the Free Officers who helped him overthrow (*) Farouk. He served as president of the short-lived United Arab Republic. After the US withdraw funding for his Aswan High Dam, this man caused a crisis by nationalizing the Suez Canal. For 10 points, name this predecessor of Anwar Sadat as President of Egypt. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Maryland Fall // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 521 went dead. -- 23:15, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The differential of this quantity is equal to TdS plus Vdp and is also equal to heat capacity times the differential of temperature. This quantity is held constant in throttling processes and is equal to internal energy plus pressure times volume. (*) Gibbs free energy equals this quantity minus temperature times entropy. The change in this quantity is independent of reaction pathway and can be calculated using Hess’s law. For 10 points, name this thermodynamic quantity symbolized H. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 GSAC XXIII // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 522 went dead. -- 23:15, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This event is the subject of 75 sculptures of nude women by Suse Lowenstein, as well as the documentary film The Maltese Double Cross. In 2007, Ulrich Lumpert admitted to lying at the trial that followed this event, where he and Edwin Bollier were asked to identify a Mebo MST-13 timer. Syracuse University gives Remembrance Scholarships to 35 students each year to commemorate this event. Prior to this event, the US embassy in Helsinki received an anonymous phone call warning. The trial that followed this event hinged on the testimony of Maltese clothes shop owner Tony Gauci and ended with the conviction of Abdelbaset al-Megrahi, who was released from jail in 2009 to die of prostate cancer in his home country of Libya. For 10 points, identify this December 21, 1988 terrorist attack that killed all 259 people on board Pan Am Flight 103 and 11 residents of the namesake Scottish town where the plane crashed. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 523 went dead. -- 23:15, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A remark by this critic inspired the collection The Jazz Cadence of American Culture and other works of the so-called “New Jazz Studies” by Robert G. O’Meally. This critic once defined the blues as an “impulse to keep the painful details...of a brutal experience alive...by squeezing from it a near-tragic, near-comic lyricism.” This critic rightly complained that “there is but the bare beginnings of a historiography of jazz” in an essay on his Oklahoma City schoolmate Charlie Christian. This man’s first collection includes a vicious review of LeRoi Jones’s Blues People, as well as attacks on bebop in essays like “The Golden Age, Time Past,” and “On (*) Bird, Bird-Watching and Jazz,” and a response to Irving Howe called “The World and the Jug.” In the prologue to a novel by this author, its protagonist wishes to buy five phonographs to play Louis Armstrong records at once, in a room lit by 1,369 light bulbs. For 10 points, name this author of Shadow and Act and Invisible Man. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open // rd: 03 Hart and Zhang | |
| tossup 524 went dead. -- 23:15, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: According to a conspiracy theory, tests of this process were responsible for a 1952 disaster in Lynmouth in southern England. Operation Popeye successfully used this process to disrupt the Ho Chi Minh Trail. This process was first proposed by Vincent Schaefer and Irving Langmuir during their time at General Electric. Bernard Vonnegut, the brother of novelist Kurt, first discovered how a compound now commonly used in this process forms a (*) crystal structure similar to that of ice. This process, which was used during Olympic ceremonies in Beijing and is currently being used in Malaysia to combat the effects of Indonesian haze, often uses potassium iodide or silver iodide. For 10 points, name this process in which foreign particles are used to induce precipitation. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MLK // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 525 went dead. -- 23:15, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one scene in this play, it is revealed that Siegfried recommended Miller to another lab where he will make poison gas. Near its beginning, Edna tells her husband that all of their furniture was taken away since they were unable to make payments on it. A conversation between Dr. Barnes and Dr. Benjamin in this play reveals that the latter will be fired because he is Jewish. The "fourth episode" of this play sees a mysterious Voice told by Fatt that he is a company spy. As it opens, the audience is included as part of a meeting that discusses the political climate, such as the inauguration of FDR. This play, which consists of a series of vignettes separated by blackouts, concludes with a man named Agate inducing a group to yell "Strike! Strike! Strike!" For 10 points, identify this play about a group of discontented taxi drivers, written by Clifford Odets. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Terrapin // rd: Editors 2 | |
| tossup 526 went dead. -- 23:15, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This election saw the builder of the first American steam locomotive, Peter Cooper, run as the first presidential candidate of the Greenback Party. One political cartoon of this election depicts Roscoe Conkling as Mephistopheles, and was drawn by Thomas Nast. One Bourbon Democrat in this election was opposed by John Kelly, the leader of Tammany Hall, and as Governor of New York, had earlier opposed William Tweed. In this election, electoral votes from Florida, Louisiana, and South Carolina were under dispute. For 10 points, name this election that ended Reconstruction and saw Samuel Tilden defeated by Rutherford Hayes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Prison Bowl // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 527 went dead. -- 23:15, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The proteins villin and supervillin bind this proteins. Listeria moves through cells by forming so-called rockets of this protein to propel itself. Cytochalasin and blocks its polymerization while phalloidin prevents its depolymerization. Nebulin binds monomers of this protein in the sarcomere. This protein forms the cleavage furrow that leads to cytokinesis. In muscle cells, binding of calcium to troponin moves tropomyosin allowing myosin to bind this protein. This protein's monomeric globular form can polymerize to form its filamentous polymer form. For 10 points, name this protein that comprises microfilaments. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Fall // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 528 went dead. -- 23:15, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: While living in this place, Emil Barton is taunted by phone calls from his younger self in the short story "Night Call, Collect." A book set in this place includes a short vignette about young boys who ride bikes to abandoned houses, where they play the bones of ribcages like xylophones. Another story set here focuses on Jeff Spender, who starts shooting his coworkers in a futile attempt to prevent it from being exploited. A short story originally titled "[This place] is (*) heaven!" describes how Captain Black and his men arrive here and discover an idyllic small town populated by their families, only to be murdered in their sleep. This place is compared to the Western frontier in stories such as "And the Moon Be Still as Bright," which chronicles the Fourth Expedition to it. A book named for this place includes short stories like "Usher II" and "Ylla." For 10 points, name this setting of many stories by Ray Bradbury, who wrote a book about its chronicles. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open // rd: Editors 1 | |
| tossup 529 went dead. -- 23:15, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In orchids, these structures can include intracellular coils known as peletons, which collapse after a limited period of time. The border between the two components of this structure can be as small as one cell thick, and is known as a Hartig net. Another form of this structure provides a carbon source for organisms in the Monotropaceae family, and the Ericoid type of this structure is found in acidic conditions where metals are especially soluble. These structures are necessary for phosphate uptake, and amantia and other glomeromycota forms the intracellular version of these structures, which are called arbuscular. Facilitating transfer of nutrients from the soil into a plant, for 10 points, name these symbiotic relationships with fungi found on the roots of plants. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: BentleyDavisHausingerByrne | |
| tossup 530 went dead. -- 23:15, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 3. Easier processing of this crop was enabled by a mutation in the nud gene, which expresses this plant’s “naked” variant. The Middle PPNB period has evidence of cultivation of this crop’s “two-row” and “six-row” varieties. This crop’s main domesticated cultivar, Hordeum vulgare, was bred from its original wild variety, Hordeum spontaneum, to have less brittle spikes. This is one of the three Neolithic “founder crops” along with einkorn and emmer. It’s not wheat, but the first usage of (*) pearling to strip bran was for this crop. In ancient Egypt, this crop was broken up, mixed with water, and left in an exposed vessel. It’s the crop from which the original Scottish whiskey was distilled. For 10 points, name this cereal grain that was malted to make beer in ancient Mesopotamia. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Historature // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 531 went dead. -- 23:15, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Possibly as a response to rumors of their illicit relationship, this man put his son Crispus and wife Fausta to death. This man brought back the solidus coins, introduced by his predecessor, and regained control over the empire after a meeting at Chrysopolis led to the surrender of his co-emperor. The buckling of a wooden or possibly pontoon bridge proved decisive in his greatest victory. That engagement was the battle of the Milvian Bridge, during which his rival Maxentius drowned in the Tiber. Along with co-emperor Licinius, the man issued the Edict of Milan, introducing religious tolerance in Rome. For 10 points, name this Roman emperor who rebuilt Byzantium and converted to Christianity. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Prison Bowl // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 532 went dead. -- 23:16, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A work by this author ends with the protagonist standing among "rocks and the white cypress-trees hidden from all things" and offering to become one with the mist. One of this author's characters notes that "the oak tree and the cypress grow not in each other's shadow" in a speech that defines love as "a moving sea between the shores of your souls." The opening sentence of a book by this author calls that character "a dawn unto his own day" and "the chosen and (*) beloved." The sequel to this author's best-known work is framed as a conversation between the title character and his nine disciples in a garden. A book by this author is set "in the twelfth year, on the seventh day of Ielool." That book defines beauty as "eternity gazing at itself in a mirror," and states that "there are no graves here." The section "The Coming of the Ship" opens a work by this man in which the title character invites Almitra and others from Orphalese to ask him spiritual questions. For 10 points, name this author of The Prophet. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 "stanford housewrite" // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 533 went dead. -- 23:16, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This type of interaction was first proposed in a 1920 paper by Latimer and Rodebush. The presence of this type of interaction is preferred in E2 and SN2 but not E1 and SN1 reactions. Protein secondary structure involves this type of interaction between different atoms in the amide backbone. In ice, this type of interaction is important in determining the crystal structure formed. It also causes water to have a high boiling point. For 10 points, name this interaction that requires both a donor and acceptor of the namesake simplest element. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Collegiate Novice // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 534 went dead. -- 23:16, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a twist ending to a novel by this author, Dr. James Sheppard is the new sidekick of a detective until it is revealed that he killed the title character. This author wrote a book where Justice Wargrave and nine killers are invited to Soldier Island. This author of The Murder of Roger Ackroyd wrote about a (*)Belgian detective who uses his “little grey cells” to prove that every passenger on a train murdered Mr. Ratchett. For 10 points, name this British author of And Then There Were None and Murder on the Orient Express, who created the detective Hercule Poirot (“Pwah-roh”). | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WHAQ I // rd: 07 | |
| tossup 535 went dead. -- 23:16, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This leader, who denounced corruption in his government in the "Dawn Broadcast," was the main inspiration for the protagonist of a Peter Abrahams novel published a year before he took power, A Wreath for Udomo. After winning the first elections under the Coussey Constitution, he appointed as an advisor lifelong friend George Padmore, whom he met while a student at Lincoln University in Pennsylvania. Unrest derived from this leader's attempts to control the rapidly rising price of cocoa led to the creation of the National Liberation Movement opposing him. This leader broke off from the J.B. Danquah-led UGCC to pursue a campaign of civil disobedience he termed "Positive Action." This founder of the Convention People's Party was overthrown by a coup during a visit to Beijing in 1966. This fervent supporter of Pan- Africanism oversaw the construction of the Akosombo Dam as part of the Volta River Project. For 10 points, name this first prime minister of independent Ghana. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Chicago Open // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 536 went dead. -- 23:16, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: . One of the two criteria for a system to have this property is that for any two neighborhoods U and V in the space, the iteration will eventually make the intersection of U and V non-negative. Though the Arnold cat map has this property, the discrete cat map does not. Devaney characterized this type of system as having dense periodic orbits, topological transitivity, and having the property that there exists a positive number d such that for any two points x and y, the orbits will eventually be (*) farther than d apart. This property is characterized by a positive Lyapunov exponent, and the logistic family has this property for a parameter between about 3.57 and 4. The Lorentz attractor and double pendulum display, for 10 points, what property of a dynamical system that is very sensitive to initial conditions? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 STIMPY // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 537 went dead. -- 23:16, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An attack that occurred during this event was defeated by four squadrons of hussars under Freidrich Caspar von Geismar. This event saw the assassination of the military hero Mikhail Miloradovich. In response to this event, a group of government agents named the Third Section was created in order to enforce censorship laws. The last stages of this event saw an attack launched by the Chernigov regiment. In the early stages of this event, the Northern Society nominated Sergei Trubetskoy as interim dictator and the rebels in this event were led by Kondraty Ryleyev and Pavel Pestel. This event occurred partly due to the fact that a prince married a Polish woman, leading to his abdication of the throne in favor of his brother. Featuring the rallying cry "Constantine and Constitution," for ten points, name this 1825 revolt which saw protests against Nicholas I's ascension to the throne, named for the month in which it occurred. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 THUNDER II // rd: THUNDER Round 4.doc | |
| tossup 538 went dead. -- 23:16, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This term describes the survivorship curve of humans and other large mammals, since mortality rates are highest among the elderly. Because the Meissner effect completely breaks down above the critical state, pure metals like tin and mercury exhibit a form of (*) superconductivity described by this term. If their spectra have no hydrogen lines, supernovae are described by this term, and in hypothesis testing, this type of error occurs when the null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected. For 10 points, give this term that describes the type of diabetes that is juvenile-onset and NOT typically caused by obesity. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 HFT X // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 539 went dead. -- 23:16, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A high value of this property is responsible for the electron-withdrawing nature of nitro compounds. One definition of it flips a sign but is otherwise the same as the definition of chemical hardness, computing it as the average of the ionization energy and an analogue of this property, the electron affinity. The most common definition of it compares the energies of homo- and hetero-nuclear bonds, and defines hydrogen as standard at 2.1. That scale, defined by Pauling, sets the value of this property to 3.98 for fluorine. It increases up and to the right on the periodic table. For 10 points, name this empirical property that reflects the ability of atoms to attract electrons in a bond. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BHSAT // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 540 went dead. -- 23:16, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In 2016, this speci c animal's name was given to a newly discovered spaceship in Conway's Game of Life that is only 28 cells and is the rst to move at a speed of c over ten. Lionel Barrymore plays a farmer who is personally recruited by Abraham Lincoln in a 1920 lm named for this animal. To support Operation Bodyguard, Cli ton James made a public appearance in Gibraltar disguised as Bernard Montgomery in an operation of this name. A political faction named for this animal included the namesake of Ex Parte Milligan and was associated with societies called the Order of the Sons of Liberty and the Order of American Knights, which were o fshoots of the Knights of the Golden Circle. For 10 points, name this snake which lent its name of an Ohio-based faction of the Democratic party that advocated peace with the South and was led by Clement Vallandigham. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 ACF Nationals // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 541 went dead. -- 23:16, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During an early battle in this conflict, the winning side's king abandoned his troops on the advice of his field marshal Count Schwerin when he thought the battle was lost. This was the last major European conflict fought before the "reversal of alliances" in the Diplomatic Revolution. Much of the British army was overseas fighting this war when the Second Jacobite Rising broke out. This war opened with Frederick the Great's invasion of the province of Silesia, and was sparked by claims that Charles VI's successor was illegitimate due to her being a woman. For 10 points, name this conflict nominally fought over whether Maria Theresa could succeed to the throne of a Central European country. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Fall // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 542 went dead. -- 23:17, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel, the main character's wife listens to the protagonist recite "Dover Beach," after he meets Clarisse McClellan, but she primarily wears a seashell radio and contemplates adding a fourth TV to the wall of her parlor. Captain Beatty's (*) mechanical hound pursues the protagonist, who joins a secret society of book-memorizers. Name this Ray Bradbury novel, in which Guy Montag is a fireman who burns books at the title temperature. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 543 went dead. -- 23:17, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Enhancing this technology was the initial motivation behind the receiver operating characteristic curve, as well as a specialized vacuum tube called the klystron. A cavity magnetron connected to an antenna, which was used in this technology to output energy in the microwave region of the spectrum, was developed by the British Royal Navy during World War II. The presence of a “hook echo” discovered with this technique may indicate the approach of a tornado. Modern uses of this technology include its “Doppler” form, which is used in meteorology. For 10 points, name this technology that locates objects with the help of radio waves. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Fall // rd: Editors 2 | |
| tossup 544 went dead. -- 23:17, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Venous sinusoids provide for the contraction mechanism of this organ, whose outside—like the kidney's—is comprised of Malphagian corpuscles. Its germinal centers produce lymphocytes, and this lymphatic organ is often enlarged in patients with mono. It is also frequently infarcted in (*) sickle-cell patients. Comprised of white pulp and red pulp and located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen, name this organ that stores immune cells and destroys red blood cells. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 545 went dead. -- 23:17, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This philosophy's supporters look for loot from "Golden Lily" at a Boer War vet's tea plantation Majuba. Opposing this philosophy leads a seamstress to hire the refugee Pitamber in The Royal Ghosts, which includes a story about a schizophrenic ranting to his mom about its followers. A curfew targets this philosophy during an ex-POW judge's apprenticeship to a Japanese tattoo artist in The Garden of Evening Mists. A poem predicts this philosophy will create "a new ocean" "active as the Araucarian volcanoes' fire" through a figure whose "bedroom light is turned off late." Americans ban (*) whiskey because drinking makes them support it according to a lector who reads Tolstoy aloud in Anna in the Tropics. This philosophy has "made a king of a carpenter" according to "Let the woodcutter awaken." Two hungry miners at Chuquicamata inspire the narrator to support this ideology in The Motorcycle Diaries. For 10 points, name this ideology advanced by Canto General's paean to Stalin. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 RILKE // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 546 went dead. -- 23:17, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The ruler who carried the assassination of this person was supposedly told "you have cut off your right hand with your left." Supposedly, after one of this Roman's victories, the ghosts of the slain carried on fighting for three days. This person dominated Roman politics after convincing Gallia Placidia to execute Comes Bonifacius, after he was recalled from exile. This man, who arranged for foederati to legendarily betray the Burgundian king Gunther, spent formative years as a hostage at Undin's court. After one battle, this man's enemies took a booty-filled wagon train they had used as a defense and fled across the (*) Rhine. This former hostage of Alaric won his greatest victory with the assistance of Theodoric I of the Visigoths, who died in the battle; three years after, he was murdered on the orders of the jealous emperor Valentinian III. For 10 points, name this general who defeated Attila the Hun at the Battle of the Catalaunian Fields. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WAO // rd: Duke | |
| tossup 547 went dead. -- 23:17, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A useful ratio of energy scales in this system exactly equals one-over one plus root-2. Berlin and Kac showed that a spherical or Gaussian form of this system can be solved by making its energy levels continuous. Bond percolation is modeled using this system. Bruria Kaufman used spinors to solve this system despite its periodic boundary condition by using transfer matrices. This system’s energy is just a simple hyperbolic tangent term in the case of no (*) external field. This system is used to model the beta-brass alloy, a lattice gas, and even a spin glass if frustrated atoms are incorporated. This system’s two-dimensional case is actually analytically solvable, but as Onsager pointed out, it does have a continuous phase transition. For 10 points, name this simple model of ferromagnetism in which points are represented by interacting up or down spins. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PIANO // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 548 went dead. -- 23:17, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the Gila monster, this substance contains exendin-4, from which the diabetes drug exenatide was derived. The parotid glands secrete this substance which, when secreted, contains inactive lipases that are bile-salt-independent. Many mammals remove the amniotic sac from newborn infants via the vigorous application of this substance. The sublingual glands also secrete it, and it contains an enzyme that hydrolyzes starch, alpha-amylase. This liquid was involuntarily produced by dogs in Pavlov’s conditioning experiments. For 10 points, name this substance that begins the process of digestion, a watery liquid secreted in the mouth. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 BHSAT // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 549 went dead. -- 23:17, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The third chapter of this novel, "Night in the Vieux Carré," has a scene in which the editor Hagood sees a stack of newspapers in an elevator with a watch on top, picks the watch up, then carelessly puts it back on the papers covering a big headline announcing death. At the end, a child is taken to live with his grandparents in Myron, Ohio – his mother is unsure of his real father, and earlier has two men play a dice game to decide. A real man named Herman Deutsch was the basis for the nameless Reporter, and another character Jiggs is described as a "centaur-like man." He's part of the central group along with Roger Shumann, who ends up marrying the flamboyantly sexual tomboy Laverne, instead of her other sex partner Jack Holmes. Adapted into a film called The Tarnished Angels, this novel is set in New Valois during the celebration of Mardi Gras, and its title refers to the steel posts around which barnstorming pilots had to navigate during the air show. FTP, name this oft-overlooked novel ►by William Faulkner, with a one-word title. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 The Experiment II // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 550 went dead. -- 23:17, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Citizens in this novel use the Compuphone to order printed prayers from the franchise Soul Scrolls. At the end ofthis novel, cassette tapes are transcribed and analyzed by Professor Pieixoto ("py-iks-OH-to"). A character frequentsan illegal club in this novel known as Jezebel's, where Moira works as a prostitute after escaping the Red Center.Econowives in this novel wear multicolored dresses to symbolize versatility, and the Marthas include Rita and Cora,who serve Serena Joy and the Commander. The protagonist sleeps with the chauffeur Nick, a member of theMayday movement attempting to overthrow Gilead. For 10 points, name this dystopian novel about Offred, writtenby Margaret Atwood. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 BELLOCO // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 551 went dead. -- 23:17, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This location, chosen by Edward Wingfield, was bolstered by Lord De La Warr‟s reinforcements at the end of the "starving time." This location was the site of a peace treaty with the Powhatan confederation, and saw experiments with tobacco plants done by John (*) Rolfe. Led by John Smith and assisted by Pocahontas, for 10 points, name this former capital of Virginia, the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 552 went dead. -- 23:17, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One cell in this tissue contains Birbeck granules and migrates to the lymph nodes in its histiocytosis. The toxic necrosis of this tissue is often paired with Stevens-Johnson syndrome. German anatomist Friedrich Merkel proposed the name Tastzellen for receptors in this tissue that now bear his name. Langerhans cells patrol this tissue for debris. The mnemonic (*) “Come, Let’s Get Sunburned” is used to remember the layers of this tissue which includes the stratum lucidum and the stratum corneum. 90% of the cells in this tissue are keratinocytes, and this tissue gets its characteristic coloration from melanocytes producing melanin. For 10 points, name this outermost layer of the skin, above the dermis. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ILLIAC // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 553 went dead. -- 23:17, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Physicists use this mathematical object to regularize divergent sums, setting its value for argument 1-k to be minus the kth Bernoulli number over k. By Voronin's theorem, this function exhibits universality, so that it can approximate any non-zero holomorphic function arbitrarily closely inside its critical strip. A generalization of one conjecture about this function is stated in terms of Dirichlet L-functions. For a complex number s with real part greater than 1, this function equals the sum of "n to the negative s" taken over all positive integers n. It is an important open question whether all of its nontrivial zeroes have real part one-half. For 10 points, name this function that is the subject of the Riemann hypothesis. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Regionals // rd: Rice - Vanderbilt B - Caltech A | |
| tossup 554 went dead. -- 23:18, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Joseph Anderson's use of a fifty-strong battalion of armed guards allowed the Tredegar Iron Works to survive this event, which began shortly after Richard Ewell concentrated all available tobacco in certain buildings. News of it was leaked to the public early when caches of government documents were spotted in the streets in front of buildings. This event was ordered by men who immediately fled on the last available train to Danville, and it was followed a week later by the surrender at Appomatox. For 10 points, identify this attempt to avoid weapons and strategic buildings from falling into Union hands, which spread out of control and destroyed the capital of the Confederacy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 NASAT // rd: 18.pdf | |
| tossup 555 went dead. -- 23:18, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Imagist collection Sea Garden opens with a poem about one of these objects, which H.D. describes as "lifted in the crisp sand that drives in the wind." In a "Song," Edmund Waller bids one of these objects to "Go" to teach "one who wastes her time and me." The speaker of "The Passionate Shepherd to His Love" promises "beds of" these objects. In another poem, one of these objects is threatened by "the invisible worm that flies in the (*) night in the howling storm," which has found its "bed of crimson joy." A William Blake poem about syphilis is titled for a "sick" one of these objects, which Robert Herrick advised virgins to gather "while ye may." Robert Burns compares his love to a "red, red" example of, for 10 points, what kind of flower? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 556 went dead. -- 23:18, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The longest-serving holder of this position clashed with a First Lady over the SS Quanza. Another holder of this position was called “everyone’s number 2” and nearly resigned when his daughter planned to marry a black man who worked for NASA. When asked about sanctions on Iraq, the first woman to hold this post infamously said that “the price is worth it” in a 60 Minutes interview; that person was involved in the Wye River Memorandum and was born in (*) Czechoslovakia. One man who held this position arranged a meeting with Zhou Enlai before Richard Nixon’s visit to China, and another was attacked by Lewis Powell on the night Lincoln was assassinated. Those holders of this position were Henry Kissinger and William Seward. For 10 points, name this cabinet position responsible for handling American foreign policy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Penn Bowl // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 557 went dead. -- 23:18, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This politician attempted to sink the confirmation of Abe Fortas to the Supreme Court by accusing him of promoting pornography, and he derided the Court in his book The Faith We Have Not Kept. Early in his career, he lost to Olin Johnston, while after his death it was revealed that he had sired Essie Mae Washington-Williams with Turch Butler. He was the first person elected to the Senate via write-in and is notable for his marathon efforts to block the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1957. For 10 points, name this deceased South Carolinian, a one-time presidential candidate of the State's Rights Democratic Party known for his long filibusters and incredible oldness. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Regionals // rd: Maryland | |
| tossup 558 went dead. -- 23:18, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A pure mixture of these structures is evidenced by very negative ellipticity values at 222 nanometers via circular dichroism. Two pairs of them are found in a motif for binding cofactors like NAD named for Rossman, and the presence of two or more prolines completely destabilizes these structures. When many of these structures must combine, there is usually a (*) heptad repeat to facilitate hydrophobic intereactions, as found in leucine zippers and general coiled coil structures. The diameter of one of these structures is about 12 angstroms , and hydrogen bonds in it are formed at residues four positions apart. Keratin is a prime example of this protein secondary structure, which usually has 3.6 amino acids per turn. For 10 points, name this protein structure in which amino acids are arranged in a helical fashion, as opposed to beta sheets. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Penn Bowl // rd: Illinois B and Harvard | |
| tossup 559 went dead. -- 23:18, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One play of this name concludes with the child Mary skipping gold coins into the sea after she inadvertently causes the bag of money to fall to the floor. That play sees Luke conspire to torture his father after his father loses the power of rational speech and only offers him the title object as his inheritance. In addition to that play by Eugene O'Neill, in another play of this name, one character pulls up in his fishing nets a chest full of another character's riches including trinkets which identify a long-lost daughter to her father. That play ends with Gripus and Ampelisca being freed, Labrax's plots being foiled, and Palaestra being reunited with Daemones. FTP, name this object which titles a comedy by Plautus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Tyrone Slothrop Literature Singles // rd: Finals | |
| tossup 560 went dead. -- 23:18, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One member of this family jokes that a couple will be so generous that their servants will take advantage of them and cheat them to bankruptcy. Another member of this family muses that there is no praise higher than that of a housekeeper while looking at a portrait of her future husband. That member of this family accompanies the Forsters to Brighton to keep up the acquaintance of a regiment; it is later assumed that the Gardiners have paid over ten thousand pounds to convince the soldier that she elopes with to marry her. The youngest child in this family ends up marrying Wickham, while the oldest child marries Bingley. For 10 points, name this family including Lydia, Jane, and Elizabeth, who marries Mr. Darcy at the end of Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Michigan Fall Tournament // rd: Editors1 | |
| tossup 561 went dead. -- 23:18, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Pathways involving these types of enzymes often recruit subsequent proteins via SH2 domains. The cAMP Response Binding Protein is only able to bind DNA after it has been acted on by one of these enzymes. Insulin receptors have the activity of these enzymes on their cytoplasmic faces. These enzymes are classified based on whether they work on tyrosine residues or serine and threonine residues, and Ras activates a pathway involving a (*) cascade of these enzymes called the Map cascade. The first enzyme of glycolysis is one of these enzymes that works on hexoses. The effect of this type of enzymes is reversed by phosphatases. For 10 points, name these enzymes that transfer phosphate groups onto substrates. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 MUT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 562 went dead. -- 23:18, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Early in the work in which he appears, this character complains, “Here I stand, [...] no wiser than before.” This character struggles to translate the word Logos, and he is contrasted in personality with his assistant Wagner. This character revels at Auerbach’s Tavern and during (*) Walpurgis Night, which happens after a black poodle follows him home. This character is assisted in wooing Gretchen by Mephistopheles, who made a bet for this character’s soul with God. For 10 points, name this character who makes a deal with the devil in a play by Johann Goethe [“GUR-tuh”]. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 HFT X // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 563 went dead. -- 23:18, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One secret revolutionary society in this nation made the Cry of PugadlawinThree priests from this country known collectively as Gomburza were executed, leading to the Propaganda Movement, one of whose members founded La Liga. Its first president assembled the Malolos Congress. Andres Bonifacio founded this nation's revolutionary society Katipunan. This country was the subject of the 1946 Tydings-McDuffie Act, and its most populous city is named for an interwar president, Manuel Quezon. Battles fought here during World War II include Corregidor and Bataan. For 10 points, name this Pacific island nation whose revolutionary leaders included Emilio Aguinaldo and Jose Rizal. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Regionals // rd: Wellesley + Hunter | |
| tossup 564 went dead. -- 23:18, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These algorithms are used in the most realistic ray-tracing techniques, and many computer games use these algorithms in a namesake tree search for decision-making. An adaptation of the Buffon’s needle problem to calculate pi is thought to be one of the earliest examples of one of these algorithms. These algorithms can be sped up using importance sampling and, when used to calculate integrals, they have a computation time independent of the number of dimensions. The Metropolis-Hastings algorithm is one of, for 10 points, what algorithms, whose use of random sampling to solve numerical problems gave them their name after a famous casino? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 Oxford Online // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 565 went dead. -- 23:18, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a play by this author, a huge effigy of the title character shaking his head and carrying a Bible withcrossed-out pages is paraded around in a float. A series of characters draw lots and receive the black cross ofdeath at the start of a play by this author interspersed with musical numbers like the "Fraternization Song,"sung by the army camp prostitute Yvette. In another of his plays, Andrea visits his former master, who is livingunder house arrest despite having recanted his scientific beliefs. The title character of his best-known playresolutely pulls the wagon despite the murder of Kattrin and the executions of Eilif and Swiss Cheese duringthe Thirty Years War. For 10 points, name this German dramatist of Mother Courage and Her Children. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 NASAT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 566 went dead. -- 23:19, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man married the daughter of his judge to escape punishment for thefts committed by the three legions that his father raised in Picenum. While he was suppressing the elder Marcus Aemilius Lepidus's rebellion in Spain, this man's troops murdered Marcus Junius Brutus the Elder. This man wore the supposed cloak of Alexander the Great during one of his triumphs, and failed to fit his elephant-drawn carriage through an arch during another. This man defeated the Cilician (*) pirates in three months, and later gained the support of the optimates in a conflict during which his chief opponent crossed the Rubicon River. He was beheaded in Egypt after losing the Battle of Pharsalus. For 10 points, name this Roman, who joined Crassus and Julius Caesar in the First Triumvirate. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 20 - TB2 | |
| tossup 567 went dead. -- 23:19, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The negative type of this phenomenon can be found in left-handed materials whose permittivity and permeability are both less than zero. Birefringence is sometimes known as the "double" type of this phenomenon. Its namesake law, which is often written as n-one times the sine of theta-one equals n-two times the sine of theta-two, is better known as Snell's law. For 10 points, name this phenomenon in which a wave changes direction as it passes from one medium to another. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Delta Burke // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 568 went dead. -- 23:19, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A poem near the end of this collection describes how "Impudent Life runs and dances, / Twists and turns, for no good reason" before a character proclaims "I shall lie down flat on my back / And wrap myself in your curtains, / O refreshing shadows!" The speaker of a poem in this collection exhorts his companion to "Think of the rapture / Of living together there!" for "There all is order and beauty, / Luxury, peace, and pleasure." The second poem in this collection describes a "prince of (*) cloud and sky" that is "exiled on the earth" whose "giant wings prevent him from walking" after being captured by some sailors. A poem in the introduction of this collection describes a figure who "dreams of scaffolds as he smokes his hookah pipe," "Ennui!" and is addressed to the "Hypocritish reader, my fellow, my brother!" For 10 points, name this collection that includes sections like "Spleen and Ideal" and "Death," a work of Charles Baudelaire. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SUBMIT // rd: Editors 2 | |
| tossup 569 went dead. -- 23:19, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In The War of the End of the World, a character with this condition makes Abbot Joao weep by telling the story of Robert the Devil and becomes the adoptive son of Jurema. One of Turgenev's Sportsmen's Sketches is titled for a peasant with this condition, who is nicknamed "the Flea" and has the power to talk to birds; that story is "Kasyan from the Beautiful Lands." A character with this attribute objects to being frequently (*) painted by Master Bernardo. Trippetta has this condition in a story about another character with it who sets eight men in orangutan costumes on fire. Edgar Allan Poe wrote about a jester with this condition in "Hop-Frog;" another character who has this attribute restarts a war by poisoning Il Toro, amongst other jobs he does for his master, an unnamed Italian Prince. For 10 name this condition that affects Piccoline, the title character of a Par Lagerkvist novel, as well as Oskar Matzerath from The Tin Drum. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Chicago Open // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 570 went dead. -- 23:19, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A couple of "sympathizers" in this novel scope out a furtive network of "progressives" with an expelled Naval cadet's brother "Superbrain," who disappoints his family by studying Literature at the non-Catholic university. A high-risk pregnancy strikes a former maid in this novel as she monitors the scam business Limbo Coffins. In this novel, that character's Chincha-born husband gives rides for Morales Transportation in the stolen bus Jungle Flash after they move to the nowhere town (*) Pucallpa in the fallout over him being forced to have sex with his employer "the fairy." In this novel, disgust with his childhood friend Cayo "Shithead" Bermúdez motivates a chauffeur to murder the nightclub singer Hortensia "the Muse" to stop her from blackmailing "Gold Ball" Don Fermín, whose son "Skinny" writes for La Crónica. For 10 points, name this total novel of the Odria regime spiraling from Ambrosio and Santiago's reunion in a Lima dive bar, a work by Mario Vargas Llosa. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 RILKE // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 571 went dead. -- 23:19, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This nation's declaration of independence was broadcast during the moment of silence on Remembrance Day in 1965 but was not granted international recognition, and further attempts to gain recognition such as the Internal Settlement with Abel Muzorewa failed. Consequently, it accepted peace in the Lancaster House Agreement negotiated by Margaret Thatcher, ending its namesake Bush War with black insurgent groups ZIPRA and ZANLA. For 10 points, name this white minority-ruled country which was led by Prime Minister Ian Smith from 1965 to 1979 and preceded the existence of Zimbabwe. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 572 went dead. -- 23:19, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Sources from this empire speak of being raided by a people called the Ahhiyawa, which may be identifiable with the Greek Achaians. One ruler of this empire suffered from epilepsy, and this empire was bordered by states established by the (*) Luwians. This empire may have also fallen due to raids from the Caucasus, or as part of an earthquake storm in the fatal year of 1277 BCE. This empire was the first to fall to the "Sea People", and one of its rulers fought a battle commemorated at Abu Simbel. This empire was headquartered at the city of Hattusa. For Ten Points, name this empire that fought the Egyptians at the Battle of Kadesh. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 JAKOB // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 573 went dead. -- 23:19, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this novel is afraid that rats will eat his face when he dies, while another is anxious over whether she will be buried in an old calico dress. Three of this novel's characters mistake a brothel for a hotel, leading to one becoming a prostitute for the night. Another character is likened to a "houndÂ…when he got the itch" as she slides her naked rear end across the grass in an attempt to seduce a man who had earlier bought his wife for seven dollars and some quilts. The youngest character travels to Fuller with Bessie, a woman with no nose, to buy a new Ford in which they eventually kill an African-American man and the grandmother of the central family, while the hare-lipped Ellie May goes with Luv after Pearl runs off. A fire set by Jeeter leads to his and Ada's death at the end of, for 10 points, what novel about the sharecropping Lester family by Erskine Caldwell? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Nationals // rd: Dartmouth A and B | |
| tossup 574 went dead. -- 23:19, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man's drooping eyelids and frontal baldness may reflect the myotonic dystrophy that ravaged his family. He lost his right arm while fighting against Napoleon at the Battle of Dresden. This man's namesake father set up a civil court system while serving as prince of Wallachia during the 1770's. In 1821, this man crossed the Pruth River and then issued a call to arms at Iasi, where he claimed to have the support of a great power. His last days were spent in poverty and confinement in Austrian territory where he had fled to after his forces were defeated at the battle of (*) Dragasani. He previously served as an aide-de-camp to Alexander I, who refused to support his most notable venture. This leader of the modern day Sacred Band brigade became leader of the nationalist group Filiki Eteria after it was turned down by Russian foreign minister John Capodistria. For 10 points, name this early leader of the Greek War of Independence against the Ottomans. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Minnesota Open // rd: zFinals 1 - DO NOT READ FOR PRELIMS.doc | |
| tossup 575 went dead. -- 23:19, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this play suggests a powder ground from the skull of an ant as a cure for a bad leg, and that character dreams that she is a flower hidden in the grass. According to the prologue of this play, it is based on a story told by a wood sylph who had escaped from a Shakespeare play. Scorpy the drunken woodcutter enrages the main characters by eating a worm, and also threatens to eat the title character. In this play, one character tries to convince her son to marry Sylvia, but he says he is in love with a star. The title character of this play claims that dewdrops and grains of sand speak to her, and the Boybeetle asks "Why aren't you listening to my song of love?" when she tries to fly away despite her broken wing. For 10 points, name this first play by Federico GarcÃa Lorca. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 576 went dead. -- 23:20, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One equation named for this man includes the contribution of collisions to the motion of particles in a fluid. He's not Gibbs, but this man names a set of factors equal to the exponential of energy times beta that are used to calculate the partition function. This man's constant relates the natual log of the multiplicity to the integral of one over the (*) temperature, the latter of which was an expression coined by Clausius to define a quantity later related by Shannon to information. This physicist names a distribution function for the states of an abstract system, a specific instance of which describes the velocity of particles in an ideal gas he co-names along with Maxwell. For 10 points, name this physist whose namesake constant relates energy to temperatures scales. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BARGE // rd: Ohio State A | |
| tossup 577 went dead. -- 23:20, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The son of a supporting character in this work has his feet amputated after being punished for trying to run away from a prison camp. That supporting character is the father of the maid Portia, who is married to a man named Highboy. Another character in this novel plans a party for her high school classmates, but while that character is out with Harry, neighborhood children show up and the guests begin running races and jumping ditches. This novel's protagonist frequents Biff Brannon's New York Café, where the Socialist carousel mechanic Jake Blount talks to him because nobody else will listen to his ideas. Its protagonist rents a room from the Kelly family and hangs out with their tomboy daughter Mick, and he is also occasionally visited by Dr. Copeland, the only black man in town. After finding out that his Greek friend Spiros Antonopolous has died, this novel's protagonist shoots himself. For 10 points, name this book about the deaf-mute Mr. Singer, the debut novel of Carson McCullers. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Sethlene Laferbrook + VCU | |
| tossup 578 went dead. -- 23:20, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One proof of this theorem takes the normal closure of a finite extension and then considers a 2-Sylow subgroup of that extension's Galois group. This theorem follows from continuity and Picard's little theorem. Another proof considers the function 1-over-f, which is entire and bounded, and thus must be constant by Liouville's theorem. Since algebraic extensions have finite subextensions, this theorem is equivalent to there being no (*) nontrivial finite extension of the complex numbers. This theorem implies that irreducible complex polynomials are linear, and thus non-constant complex polynomials are a product of linear factors. For 10 points, name this theorem stating that nth degree polynomials have n complex roots. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Western Invitational Tournament // rd: St. John's | |
| tossup 579 went dead. -- 23:20, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Annenberg Center developed a Flash game in which the players learn how the Tanner Proposal would change how this process works. A "Secret Plan" to gain control over this process was the subject of a 2016 book by Salon's David Daley whose title begins with the word "Rat." The NDRC, led by Eric Holder, aims to reform this process. It is the subject of the Supreme Court case (*) Gill v. Whitford. This practice resulted in entities such as "Donald Duck kicking Goofy in the groin" that was overthrown by a court in Pennsylvania. REDMAP was a largely successful Republican plan to gain control over this process in 2010. Cracking and packing are used in this process, which follows a new census. For 10 points, name this practice where political boundaries are changed usually with the intent of favoring one’s own political party | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 580 went dead. -- 23:20, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poet was greatly annoyed by a musical setting of one of his poems because it omitted two verses, and thecomposer responded that "a poet should be grateful to anyone who fails to perpetuate" a certain pair of lines fromthe poem. Frederick Kiddie accompanied the tenor Gervase Elwes at the premiere of a song cycle based on hispoetry. Eleven of his poems were set to music by a composer who also wrote a rhapsody inspired by his poetry,George (*) Butterworth. A song cycle based on this poet's works ends with the song "Clun." Ralph VaughanWilliams set six of his poems in the song cycle On Wenlock Edge. For 10 points, name this poet who inspired GeorgeButterworth's Six Songs from A Shropshire Lad. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 VCU Open // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 581 went dead. -- 23:20, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man's teacher George Wishart (WIH-shart) was burned at the stake for heresy. This man's book Faithful Admoninition was written to English Protestants and called for the overthrow of ungodly rulers. This man also wrote the tract First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstruous Regiment of Women. This man's Book of Common Order advocated Presbyterian form of church governance. For 10 points, name this leader of the Reformation in Scotland. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 HSAPQ 4Q2 // rd: 4q2-05.pdf | |
| tossup 582 went dead. -- 23:20, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After this man left the Supreme Court, the other justices did not send a regards letter because Hugo Black refused to sign it. By the end of his tenure, he was the only justice on the court not appointed by FDR. For 10 points, name this man, best remembered for his "switch in time that saved nine" in West Coast Hotel v. Parrish. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Cheyne American History // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 583 went dead. -- 23:20, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Carl Hoffman's 2014 book Savage Harvest investigates rumors that an aspiring anthropologist from this family was devoured by cannibals in New Guinea. During the 1930s, this family financed a complex featuring Paul Manship's golden statue of Prometheus. A member of this family commissioned works depicting the frontiers of "ethical evolution" and "material" development before ordering the destruction of the mural (*) Man at the Crossroads because Diego Rivera had painted an image of Lenin. General Electric and NBC are both headquartered in this family's namesake "Center" in New York. A liberal Republican governor of New York from this family served as vice president to Gerald Ford. For 10 points, name this family that founded Standard Oil. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 PACE NSC // rd: 17 | |
| tossup 584 went dead. -- 23:20, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This ruler's armies took Aachen and razed Neuss during the Cologne War. He married the daughter of Henry II of France after the Peace of Cateau-Cambresis and would later take over the country of his late nephew, King Sebastian, ending the rule of the House of Aviz. Earlier, His failure to pay mercenaries led to the Sack of Antwerp, and the battle of Beeldenstorm and the capture of Brielle occurred during a conflict against his rule sparked by the tenth penny tax of his appointee, the Duke of Alba. This loser of the Eighty Years war got Pope Sixtus V to declare that an expedition under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia was an anti-Protestant crusade; that expedition was scattered at the Battle of Gravelines. For 10 points, name this son of Charles V, a king who sent the Spanish Armada. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn Bowl // rd: Editors 7 | |
| tossup 585 went dead. -- 23:20, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man rose to prominence after winning a Supreme Court case against the Comberland Telephone and Telegraph Company. This man earned a governorship by defeating the “Old Regulars” political machine, and he advanced the careers of O.K. Allen and Alvin King. This ally of Father Charles Coughlin promoted socialist reforms in his (*) Share the Wealth campaign which promised to make “every man a king.” Assassinated by Carl Weiss in 1935, this politician was fictionalized as Willie Stark in All the King’s Men. For ten points, name this autocratic Louisiana politician nicknamed “The Kingfish.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Montgomery Blair Academic Tournament (MBAT) // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 586 went dead. -- 23:20, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a March 2012 paper, Shu-Li You and coworkers used a chiral N-triflyl phosphoramide catalyst with this reaction to enantioselectively synthesize fluorene (with an e) derivatives. A book on the chemistry of this reaction was written by George Olah. This name reaction is part of a class of reactions that creates a Wheland intermediate. Due to it's slow rate, it almost always fails when one of its reactants has a strong electron-withdrawing group, like a sulfonyl or nitro group. One modification of this reaction formylates an arene by passing a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrochloric acid gases over it, is used to produce benzaldehydes, and is the Gatterman-Koch reaction. This electrophilic aromatic substitution adds moieties to aromatic rings using a Lewis acid catalyst like aluminum chloride. For 10 points, identify this doubly-eponymous reaction that includes an acylation and alkylation. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Regionals // rd: Rice A + Columbia A | |
| tossup 587 went dead. -- 23:20, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This organization was formed as an alliance between Charles the Bold and Charles the Duke of Berry against the sovereignty of French king Louis XI in 1465. FTP, name this league which sparked a civil war in France. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 The Experiment II // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 588 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This non-Weil mathematician names a conjecture that was proved in 1973 by Pierre Deligne, who won a Fields Medal for that work. This mathematician co-developed a series which can be used to exactly compute the number of partitions of an integer. This man notably kept his results without proof in looseleaf notebooks, confounding future generations of mathematicians. This man collaborated extensively with Hardy, and the two name the smallest number expressible as the sum of two cubes in two di erent ways. For ten points, identify this Indian mathematician and inventor of mock theta functions. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Math Monstrosity // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 589 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The victors of this battle were slowed in their pursuit because of an ambush at the mal fosse. The winning side used frontal attacks to weaken the enemy's shield wall, allowing them to weaken the cohesion of the losing army by barraging them with arrows. Before this battle, one side's army had been depleted in the Battle of Stamford Bridge. Harold Godwinson was killed during this battle, as depicted on the Bayeux Tapestry. For 10 points, name this 1066 battle, the key battle in the Norman conquest of England. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 ACF Fall // rd: Maryland and UIC.doc | |
| tossup 590 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one scene, a member of this family is defended by the shotgun-wielding Braxton BraggUnderwood. Another member of this family owns a cat named Rose Aylmer and repeatedly makesjoking marriage proposals to Miss Maudie. One of its members destroys a camellia bush but laterhelps its owner kick her morphine habit. Another member resists Aunt Alexandra's efforts towardmaking her more (*) feminine and is saved by a ham costume during an event in which her brother breakshis arm defending her from Bob Ewell. This family employs the housekeeper Calpurnia and lives next doorto the Radleys. Its patriarch defends Tom Robinson. For 10 points, Jem, Scout, and Atticus are members ofwhat central family of To Kill a Mockingbird? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 591 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One pope of this name promulgated the doctrine of "the peace of Christ in the Kingdom of Christ," while another attacked the rule of the "pretended Queen of England," Elizabeth I, in Regnans in Excelsis. A later pope of this name agreed to the Concordat of 1801, which re-established relations with France. Perhaps the most prominent pope of this name attacked modernism in the (*) Syllabus of Errors and invoked papal infallibility to proclaim the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. That pope with this name was a "prisoner of the Vatican" during Italian Reunification. The twelfth man to take this name agreed to the Reichskonkordat and is sometimes accused of being "Hitler's Pope." For 10 points, give this common name for these popes, including the longest-serving pope, the ninth. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 PACE NSC // rd: Packet 22 - Finals 1.doc | |
| tossup 592 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A group with this denticity is found on the chelex 100 resin used for ion exchange chromatography and extracting metal ions. The ligand IDA can bind up to this many sites, as can POCOP, a member of the cyclometallation cockblocking class of pincer ligands. This is the number of ligands found on complexes that racemize through the Ray-Dutt or Bailar twists. Octahedral complexes with less than or equal to this number of d electrons do not distinguish between high and low spin configurations because there are this many (*) t2g orbitals. Ligands with this denticity can bind either facially or meridionally. There are this many bridges between the "caps" of a cryptand. The presence of this many lone pairs results in triiodide's linear structure according to VSEPR ["vesper"] theory. For 10 points, name this number of oxygens in the nitrate and carbonate ions, whose geometries are trigonal planar. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 (This) Tournament is a Crime // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 593 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The origin of water in the title location of this work can be traced to a statue that features a head made of gold, a torso made of silver, a lower body made of brass, legs made of iron, and a single foot made of clay. The narrator of this work witnesses a thief merging his body with that of a six-legged snake and describes the result as "neither two nor one." In another section, the author describes a debate between Lucan and Ovid, but concludes that they both only discussed one-way transformations. Earlier, he encountered them along with Homer and Horace. (*) Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's translation of this work's first lines is "Midway upon the journey of our life I found myself in forest dark." Shortly afterward, a lion, a she-wolf, and a leopard are encountered. The title locale of this work include harpies, the winged Geryon, and the demon-like god of wealth Plutus, and the end of this work describes Judas, Cassius, and Brutus ensnared by Satan. For 10 points, identify this poem that begins the The Divine Comedy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Peaceful Resolution // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 594 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Under the direction of Montgomery C. Meigs, a section of this building was designed by Constantino Brumidi. This building was based on William Thornton’s plan as modified by James Hoban. Decades after this building’s design, a “wedding-cake style” cast-iron structure was added. This building is located on Jenkin’s Hill, a spot chosen by Pierre Charles (*) L’Enfant. This building’s National Statuary Hall contains Liberty and the Eagle, and it is home to The Apotheosis of Washington. Marking the eastern end of the National Mall, for 10 points, name this domed Washington, D.C. building, home to the U.S. legislature. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Prison Bowl XI // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 595 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A woman in this play proclaims, "I shall take this pencil for your memory!" after her love interest cries, "E finita la commedia!" in the final act. In Act 3 of this play, a woman is told to fall in love with a water-sprite and subsequently asks about a cartogram showing deforestation to probe another character's feelings for Sonya. The title character of this play surrenders a bottle of morphine he stole for a suicide attempt. A subplot in this play concerns Dr. Astrov's love for the married woman Yelena. After realizing that the professor whose household he managed for years is a fraud, the title character of this play attempts to kill Alexander Serebryakov. For 10 points, name this Anton Chekhov play about Ivan Voynitsky. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 NASAT // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 596 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This item lends itself to using the method of constant Q lines. For RF and microwave frequency circuits, measuring the s-parameters instead of the two-port H-, Y-, and Z-parameters allows one to use them 3 with this item, specifically s11 & s22, but not s12 or s21. These items are often used in conjunction with a slotted line in order to expand the number of parameters that can be determined. Generating this item requires a bilinear Möbius transform from the complex Z plane to the complex Γ plane. The6 principal application of this item is to facilitate the determination and elimination of a load mismatch. This item only exists in the domain of the (*) reflection coefficient. The left and right origins of this item are 0 and ∞, respectively, while its center is 1 because you normalize by the characteristic impedance. Its9 upper and lower halves are inductive and capacitive, respectively. For 10 points, name these circular diagrams heavily used in transmission line theory. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Claude Shannon Memorial Tournament // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 597 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A hexamer of copper hydride bonded to this compound is known as Stryker's reagent. This compound is the most famous member of a class of compounds for which the Tolman cone angle was developed to describe. Two equivalents of this compound, a chlorine atom, and carbon monoxide bond to iridium in Vaska's complex. It can be used to reduce azides to amines via hydrolysis in one reaction and is used alongside diethyl azodicarboxylate to convert alcohols into various functional groups in another reaction. Those reactions are named for Staudinger and Mitsunobu. This compound is converted to its oxide via the elimination of an oxaphosphetane intermediate in a reaction where it reacts with a carbonyl to form a phosphonium ylide, which is then converted to an alkene. For 10 points, name this organophosphorus compound used in the Wittig reaction. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 21 | |
| tossup 598 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man argued that novelists should not restrain themselves to writing about their own experiences in his collection Partial Portraits . Wayne Booth argued that beginning with this author, writers differentiated between “showing” and “telling” in a book that discusses the use of reflectors (+) in his works. After writing extensively on Italian writers in his Italian Hours , this man criticized contemporary writers in his essay on the ideal “New Novel” collected in his Notes on Novelists . This writer remarked that an affinity for Poe “ is the mark of a decidedly primitive stage of reflection” in a book which regards de Balzac as one of the greatest “French Poets (*) and Novelists”. This man, who collected many of his works in the “New York Edition”, wrote a novel in which the feminist Verena Tarrant falls in love with the lawyer Basil Ransom, much to his cousin Olive’s dismay. For 10 points each, identify this American author of The Bostonians. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 XENOPHON // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 599 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One law named for this person states that the divergence of gravitational field strength is proportional to mass density. This person's name is sometimes used for the system of CGS [c-g-s] units, and he is the namesake of the CGS unit of magnetic field strength that corresponds with the MKS [M-K-S] unit tesla. Another law named for this person, which is incompatible with the existence of magnetic monopoles, states that a closed surface integral of a magnetic field is zero. Name this famous mathematician whose flux laws for electricity and for magnetism are two of Maxwell's four equations. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NTSS // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 600 went dead. -- 23:21, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: When struck by a herald, a character in this play turns into an egg which splits in two, and a bat and an adder emerge. This play's protagonist mentions Antaeus as a cautionary tale to his son, who nonetheless dies while attempting to fly, after which his corpse immediately disappears. A character in this play single-handedly causes an economic upturn by introducing paper money with pictures of Simon Magus on it. The protagonist of this play must descend into the "realm of the (*) Mothers" to retrieve images of ideal femininity and ideal masculinity. Its protagonist has a son named Euphorion with that image of ideal femininity, Helen of Troy. This play ends with the title character ascending to Heaven while a mystic choir sings about "Eternal Womanhood." For 10 points, name this Goethe play about a scholar who makes a deal with the devil. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Scattergories // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 601 went dead. -- 23:22, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: It’s not multiplication, but this operation is used to define an inner product on L-2 space. The error function is proportional to this operation on “e to the negative t-squared.” This operation is applied to continuous PDFs to yield CDFs. This operation is defined for bounded functions on R-n if and only if their set of discontinuities has Lebesgue [“leh-BAY-g”] measure 0. Performing this operation on (*) u dv yields u v minus this operation on v du when this operation is carried out “by parts.” This operation can be approximated by the trapezoid rule or Riemann sums. For 10 points, name this operation, which along with differentiation comprises the two central operations in calculus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 HFT XIV // rd: 06 | |
| tossup 602 went dead. -- 23:22, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 9. In quantum mechanics, the square of the operator corresponding to this quantity commutes with the Hamiltonian if the potential is central. Kepler’s Second Law arises from the fact that areal velocity is equal to this quantity divided by twice the mass of the orbiting body, and the (*) orbital form of this quantity is quantized in units of the reduced Planck’s constant. Noether’s Theorem applied to rotational invariance yields the conservation of this quantity, and its intrinsic form is called spin. This quantity is equal to the moment of inertia times the angular velocity. For 10 points, name this physical quantity, the rotational counterpart of momentum. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 HFT X // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 603 went dead. -- 23:22, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poem's title gives its name to a play by Paul Theroux that fictionalizes the author's humiliating final days as an American resident. It lists "the tale of common things," the "ports ye shall not enter" and "the roads ye shall not tread" as things the addressee should "go mark them with your living, and mark them with your dead." It promises "the lightly proffered laurel, the easy ungrudged praise" and "the judgment of your peers" in the final stanza of this poem, which calls Filipinos "fluttered folk and wild—your new-caught, sullen peoples, half-devil and half-child." Repeatedly urging the addressee to "take up" the title idea, this is, for 10 points, what poem that gestures the United States towards imperialism, which was written by Rudyard Kipling? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 DEES // rd: Chicago A | |
| tossup 604 went dead. -- 23:22, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An information gathering aspect of this operation was code-named "Operation Alsos," under the command of Boris Pash. This operation was summarized to the public in the Smyth Report. Most of this operation was under the command of Major General Leslie Groves, and it was partially prompted by a letter written by Leo Szilard. A piece of equipment important to this operation was constructed under the bleachers of Stagg Field. This operation culminated in the "Trinity" test. Key participants in this project included Enrico Fermi and Robert Oppenheimer, who worked at such sites as Oak Ridge and Los Alamos. For 10 points, name this American operation in World War II which had the goal of developing an atomic bomb. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 MUT // rd: Packet 5 - finalized.doc | |
| tossup 605 went dead. -- 23:22, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: He's not E.M. Forster, but this author categorized critics as "hostile," "amazed," or "conscious" in his essay "Where Angels Fear to Tread." This man created a character who is forbidden from marrying Clara because she is an osu. In another work by this man, an explosion at a funeral kills Ezeudu's son, after the protagonist sacrifices his adopted child, Ikemefuna. That novel's sequel was called No Longer at Ease. For 10 points, name this Nigerian author who used a quote from Yeats's "The Second Coming" to title his novel about the life of Okonkwo, Things Fall Apart. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ICCS // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 606 went dead. -- 23:22, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character meets a pimp who assures him that the word “sipa” is commonly spoken in the area. This character is the object of the suspicious question, “have you noticed / how he who walks behind moves what he touches?”, which is asked by the leader of a group that threatens him with arrows. He faints from sympathy after hearing about a love affair that started with two characters reading the story of Lancelot and Guinevere. This character finds himself “within a (*) forest dark” when he is “midway upon the journey of life” on Good Friday. This character crosses paths with a lion, leopard, and she-wolf before seeing a gate that reads “Abandon all hope, ye who enter here.” This lover of Beatrice is guided through nine circles by Virgil. For 10 points, name this narrator and author of The Divine Comedy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 SMT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 607 went dead. -- 23:22, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 15. In a posthumously published collection of this man's poems, Andrew Marvell attacked critics as "Word-peckers, Paper-rats," and "Book-scorpions". His poem addressed to Charles Cotton describes how "The joys of earth and air are thine entire". This author of "The Grasshopper" ended another poem with the couplet "I could not love thee, Dear, so much, / Loved I not honor more". "Enlarged wings that curl the flood" and "fishes that (*) tipple in the deep" are among the things that "know no such liberty" according to a poem by this man that also includes the famous line "Stone walls do not a prison make, nor iron bars a cage". For 10 points, name this Cavalier poet of "To Lucasta, Going to the Wars" and "To Althea from Prison". | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 PACE NSC // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 608 went dead. -- 23:22, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During an invasion of this country, its national treasury, 50 tons of gold, was loaded on a train and then shipped off on the HMS Glasgow. A strike against milk rationing in this country prompted commissioner Josef Terboven to declare martial law. During Operation Linebacker, troops with gliders tried to sabotage the German heavy water plant in this country. After this country’s king (*) Haakon VII fled, the head of the Nasjonal Samling party became the leader of a puppet regime here. That collaborator during the Nazi occupation of this country was Vidkun Quisling. For 10 points, name this Scandinavian country whose capital is Oslo. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Maryland Fall // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 609 went dead. -- 23:22, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This element is the namesake of a hypothesis proposed by Martin and Mueller concerning the first eukaryotic cells. In agostic interactions, an atom of this element is bonded to carbon and a metal. This element and carbon are namesakes of common types of NMR spectroscopy. Lyman and Balmer name two spectral series of this element, whose isotopes include tritium. An electrostatic attraction between an atom of this element and two electronegative atoms is known as its nameske bond. For 10 points, name this element with an atomic number of one | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Delta Burke // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 610 went dead. -- 23:22, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of this man's novels features the estate Bartram-Haugh, home to the one-legged servant Dickon Hawkes, where the title character attempts to coerce Maud Ruthyn into marrying his son Dudley. This author of Uncle Silas wrote a story in which Dr. Hesselius determines that excess consumption of the title beverage was responsible for upsetting Mr. Jennings's optic nerve, causing him to hallucinate a black monkey and kill himself. That story, "Green Tea", can be found in this man's collection In a Glass Darkly, which also contains his most famous work. In that novella by this man, Baron Vordenburg finds the tomb of the Countess Karnstein after General Spielsdorf and the protagonist, Laura, are both bedeviled by the title woman, who uses unimaginative pseudonyms like "Millarca" and "Mircalla". For 10 points, identify this Irish author of the lesbian vampire novella Carmilla. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Editors 6 | |
| tossup 611 went dead. -- 23:22, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Francis Jeffrey disparaged writers in this movement as "whining and hypochondriacal" in one of many attacks on this movement in the Edinburgh Review. A writer in this movement responded to a friend's essay on "The Four Ages of Poetry" with his own essay celebrating the "unacknowledged legislators of the world." An essay that is considered to be a manifesto for this movement argues that a poet should write as a "man speaking to men." That essay, which defines poetry as the (*) "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings," prefaces a collection by two of the "Lake Poets" who belonged to this movement. For 10 points, name this movement whose beginning is often dated to the publication of Lyrical Ballads, by Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Wordsworth. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 612 went dead. -- 23:23, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This leader reacted to the Ecône consecrations by kicking out Marcel Lefebvre. He took the name of his immediate predecessor, who had held office for only 33 days. This man made a prison visit to forgive Mehmet Ali Agca, a member of the Grey Wolves who tried to kill him. This author of an Instruction against liberation theology and the encyclical Evangelium Vitae issued a “reference text” called the Catechism of the Catholic Church and broadcasted sermons against Communism. For 10 points, name this first Polish-born Pope, who died in April 2005. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 BHSAT // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 613 went dead. -- 23:23, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After the Civil War, William Rosencrans was appointed to this position for five months beforethe 1868 election caused him to be fired yet again by Grant. Charles Lindbergh met his wife Annewhen her father Dwight Morrow, who held this position, invited him on a goodwill tour. Recentholders of this post include John Negroponte and Carlos Pascual, who resigned in March of 2011after Wikileaks cables revealed him criticizing the inefficiency of the government. The first person tohold this post was (*) Joel Roberts Poinsett, who sent samples of a red Christmas flower home. The mostnotorious holder of this post was Henry Lane Wilson, who was recalled after contributing to the Ten TragicDays by aiding Huerta's overthrow of Francisco Madero. For 10 points, name this American diplomaticpost headquartered in Mexico City. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 VCU Open // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 614 went dead. -- 23:23, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this novel is a Francophile painter who sees, or hallucinates, a man slitting a baby's throat on a park bench. The sequel to this novel depicts Hazel receiving a fateful astrological reading from Fauna and is called Sweet Thursday. In one episode in this novel, the dog Darling eats most of a cake while a group of character are busy trading frogs for party supplies. The most respected character in this novel is based on the author's friend Ed Ricketts, who wrote Between (*) Pacific Tides. Important locations in this novel include The Palace Flophouse, which is home to Mack and his boys, and the Bear Flag Restaurant, a brothel owned by Dora Flood. The grocer Lee Chong and the marine biologist Doc appear in, for 10 points, which novel set on a Monterey street lined with sardine fisheries, a work of John Steinbeck? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 MUT // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 615 went dead. -- 23:23, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In his book Open Sky, Paul Virilio formulates the discipline of dromology as an application of this discipline's principles to human life. This discipline's hole argument was discussed at length by the "three Johns" and asks whether substantivalism is a valid theory. In a discussion about privileging a certain quantity over others that are vitally necessary to us, Luce Irigaray argues that the central statement of this study is sexed. This study's founder formulated the Mach principle to explain the necessity of inertia. Alternatives to this idea include Brans–Dicke theory. The inauguration of this theory dismissed the notion of a single "absolute space" and was partially introduced in the paper "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies." For 10 points, identify this branch of physics concerned with space and time whose central equation is energy equals mass times the speed of light squared. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Terrapin // rd: Ladue | |
| tossup 616 went dead. -- 23:23, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two answers required. These two countries debated the course of a shifting riverbed in the Chamizal dispute. An incident between these two countries began when the Dolphin refused to give a 21-gun salute. Citizens from one of these countries migrated to work as farmhands in the other under the Bracero program. The Tampico affair increased tensions between these two countries, one of which launched a “Punitive Expedition” into the other’s territory after a raid on the town of Columbus. The Zimmerman Telegram offered one of these countries a chance to regain the land it lost to the other in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. For 10 points, name these two countries that share a border along the Rio Grande. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Fall // rd: Rice A + KSU + UCF + Purdue A | |
| tossup 617 went dead. -- 23:23, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This ruler was forced to wait eight months to begin a campaign for the throne he contested with theKing of Norway, Harald Hardrada (hard-RAH-dah), whose own campaign ended unsuccessfully atStamford Bridge. This man feigned his death in order to trick Harold Godwinson into defeat at the Battleof Hastings. For 10 points, name this Norman ruler whose achievements were chronicled on the BayeuxTapestry. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 618 went dead. -- 23:23, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After the attack on Pearl Harbor, James M. Landis succeeded this man as director of the Office of Civilian Defense. He was crushed in his first attempt to gain another in 1929 by incumbent Jimmy Walker, but after a later victory, he rounded up thousands of rigged slot machines produced by gangster Frank Costello. He also employed thousands of laborers on public works projects directed by Robert Moses. Along with a senator from Nebraska, he provides half of the name of a bill that made "yellow dog" contracts unenforceable in federal courts. His nickname of "little flower" was a translation of his Italian first name. For 10 points, name this Republican mayor of New York City in the 1930s, a major proponent of labor unions and the New Deal who is the namesake of a Queens airport. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 ACF Nationals // rd: r09- UCLA-South Carolina.doc | |
| tossup 619 went dead. -- 23:23, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: French thinker Jacques Derrida critiqued Jacques Lacan's reading of this literary work in the essay "The Purveyor of Truth," arguing that the title object represents a castration of the king, since it may include evidence of the queen's affair. This short story's protagonist wears green glasses so he can examine Minster D-'s chamber to find the title object, which he sees hanging in a card rack in plain sight. The last of three tales featuring C. Auguste Dupin [doo-PAN], FTP what short story about a stolen missive is by Edgar Allan Poe? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Delta Burke // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 620 went dead. -- 23:23, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this play "always chooses the Derringer" because he's "for History as it Used to Be," while a common line in the first act is "little ringing in the ears. Slight deafness." The second act of this play involves a search for wonders undertaken by Lucy and her son, Brazil, while the first features the Foundling Father being continually shot by paying participants. FTP, name this surrealistic Suzan-Lori Parks work where Abraham Lincoln's assassination is reenacted over and over. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Minnesota Open Lit // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 621 went dead. -- 23:23, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one of this poet's works, the speaker describes himself as "imperially male" "the tall kingdom over your shoulder," and says to his lover "no treaty... will salve completely your tracked and stretchmarked body." In another poem, he describes a procedure for unclogging an inced-over pump. As well as "Act of Union" and "Rite of Spring," this author wrote a poem describing a "rat-gray fungus" growing over the fruit collected by the speaker and his friends. He also created works describing a boy collecting jars of frog spawn and another about his father's efforts with a potato drill. He also wrote a poem describing the type of location where the Great Irish Elk was found, which he speculates are bottomless locations caused by Atlantic seepage. For ten points, name this poet of "Blackberry-picking," "Death of a Naturalist," "Digging," and "Boglands," also known for his translation of Beowulf. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Penn Bowl // rd: Rice.doc | |
| tossup 622 went dead. -- 23:24, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The last words of one person to die exploring this location were "I am just going outside and may be some time." This region was the subject of the failed Nimrod and Endurance Expeditions, led by Sir Ernest (*) Shackleton, as well as the Terra Nova Expedition, which ended with the death of Robert Scott. For 10 points, name this continent on which, in December 1911, Roald Amundsen's team first reached the South Pole. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 SCOP MS 5 // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 623 went dead. -- 23:24, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 5-fluoro·orotic acid is often used as a selection marker when culturing these organisms. The G1 checkpoint is called START during mitosis in these organisms. "Bait" and "fish" domains are used to discover protein-protein interactions in these organisms. A shmoo forms during mating in these organisms, which only occurs between mating types labelled a and alpha. One of these organisms had its 16 (*) chromosomes fully sequenced in 1996, a first for a eukaryote. Two species of these organisms, pombe and cerevisiae (POM-bay and seh-reh-VEE-see-ay), both in the genus Saccharomyces (SACK-ah-roh-MY-seez), reproduce by fission and budding, respectively. These organisms generate ethanol and carbon dioxide during fermentation. For 10 points, name these unicellular fungi used in breadmaking. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 624 went dead. -- 23:24, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: While visiting a siege during this war, Ambrose Burnside was pressed into service as a messenger between the two opposing sides. The first unofficial chess championship at Baden- Baden was interrupted when one of the grandmasters was called to active duty by this war. It is not World War One, but the Armistice of Versailles ended this war, nd was signed by Jules Favre. A costly loss at Gravelotte in this war eventually led to an entrapment and decisive victory at the fortified city of Metz. As part of the Treaty of Frankfurt, one side was awarded the new territory of Alsace-Lorraine. The climax of this war saw the capture of Napoleon III at the Battle of Sedan. For 10 points, name this war which resulted in the unification of Germany under Otto von Bismarck. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 NASAT // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 625 went dead. -- 23:24, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Stelzer et. al observed that the Mendelian transition to this process coincided with dwarfism in a population of Brachionus calyciflorus. Daphnia exhibits the "cyclic" variety by switching between it and its counterpart depending on environmental conditions. The obligate form of this process, known as thelytoky, is not as common as the other types: deuterotoky and arrhenotoky. First observed by Charles Bonnet in (*) aphids, this process is exclusively used by many species of whiptail lizards and is used sometimes by worker bees if the queen is dead. If meiosis is involved, this process is termed "automictic;" in all varieties the result is usually female. For 10 points, name this form of asexual reproduction in which an embryo forms without fertilization. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Western Invitational Tournament // rd: Editors 4 + VCU | |
| tossup 626 went dead. -- 23:24, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One sequel to this work sees a character marrying and then killing citrus magnate Billy Van Arsdale, while another sequel describes the presidency and eventual assassination of Jimmy Shea, a friend of the titular character. One character in this work is an ex-policeman who kills punks with his flashlight, while the central figure in the sequels by Mark Winegardner is an ex-boxer named Nick Geraci. FTP, name this work by Mario Puzo about the Corleones. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Minnesota Open Lit // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 627 went dead. -- 23:24, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the last story of a collection by this author, the engineer D’Arrast stays in a town which celebrates a “growing stone.” In a novel by this author, the Mexico City bar is where the last circle of hell is, according to the “judge-penitent” Clamence. In a different novel by this author of Exile and the Kingdom and The Fall, Bernard Rieux (“hree-oo”) struggles to keep the title(*) disease contained in Oran. In a novel by this author of The Plague, the protagonist shoots an Arab on the beach after feeling no emotion at his mother’s funeral. For 10 points, name this French existentialist author who wrote about Mersault in The Stranger. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WHAQ I // rd: 03 | |
| tossup 628 went dead. -- 23:24, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The reliability of these devices is affected by TDDB, HCI and NBTI. Buried layers are used in these devices to prevent latchup. A measure usually abbreviated g-sub-m, the transconductance, is important in characterizing these devices. The accumulation of minority carriers near the surface of the substrate creates an inverted layer in these devices; that inverted layer is pinched off in the saturation region and, depending on that layer's composition, results in these devices being classified as n- or p-channel. These devices can be categorized into depletion or enhancement mode depending on their threshold voltage. These devices can suffer from parasitic capacitance when the gate overlaps the drain and source. For 10 points, identify this most popular type of transistor that supplanted the BJT. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Regionals // rd: Illinois A + Dorman + Wellesley | |
| tossup 629 went dead. -- 23:24, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this work thinks that he has killed three brigands and is about to be sentenced to death when it is revealed that he had actually stabbed three wineskins. One character in this work recounts the tale of how he was hired to watch over a corpse to protect it from shape-shifting witches, only to discover that the witches have stolen his ears and nose and replaced them with wax. The protagonist of this novel has an affair with the slave-girl (*) Fotis, who serves a woman who can transform herself into a bird. At the beginning of this novel, Aristomenes tells the story of how his friend Socrates died after a witch replaced his heart with a sponge. The protagonist of this work hears the tale of Cupid and Psyche while he is in the title form, and is eventually changed back into a human by Isis. For 10 points, name this novel by Apuleius. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 QUARK // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 630 went dead. -- 23:24, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The perpetrator of this event did not buy ivory grips despite thinking that they would have looked better in a museum than wooden ones. An autopsy of its perpetrator's revealed that he suffered from phimosis. After this event, Alexander Graham Bell brought a metal detector that amusingly mistook the springs in a bed for a bullet. Because its perpetrator failed to receive a consulship in Paris, the Pendleton Civil Service act was passed after this event. Despite his argument that this event's victim died of unsanitary medical practices, Charles Guiteau was ultimately found guilty of murder. For 10 points, identify this 1881 event which resulted in the death of Chester A. Arthur's predecessor. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Fall // rd: VCU A + Central Connecticut + Virginia C | |
| tossup 631 went dead. -- 23:24, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this play is said to have "groped for trout in a peculiar river." Another of this play's characters claims death will cause the spirit "to reside in thrilling region of thick-ribbed ice" in its third act. When this play's female lead is told "the law hath not been dead, though it has slept," she responds "it is excellent to have a giant's strength, but it is tyrannous to use it like a giant." A subplot in this play concerns Abhorson's reluctance to execute the drunken prisoner (*) Barnardine. This play's villain ignores the advice of the wise Escalus and is tricked into having sex with his former fiancée Mariana in the dark. The plot of this play is set into motion when the Duke disguises himself as a friar and leaves Angelo in charge of Vienna. For 10 points, name this Shakespeare play in which Isabella fights for the life of her brother Claudio. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 STIMPY // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 632 went dead. -- 23:24, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The main character of this story claims that he is "no weakling" and if he "slapped someone he'd see all the way to Cracow." Another character in this story first appears barefoot, pinning clothes to a line in her clay house, and shortly after demands a fifty-guilder dowry be paid to her. In this story, Rietze tells the protagonist that his father and mother have come back from thedead. This story's main character is told that a "thick mire" exists in place of God in a vision and later has a dream in which he sees his wife in a shroud. The protagonist becomes a wandering storyteller at the end of this story, which was published in Partisan Review in a translation by Saul Bellow. After Elka reveals that all six of her children are illegitimate, this story's title character is visited by the "Spirit of Evil," who convinces him to put urine in the town's bread. For 10 points, the residents of Frampol often take advantage of the title baker in what short story by Isaac Bashevis Singer? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: WUSTL and Virginia | |
| tossup 633 went dead. -- 23:24, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 8. This novel lends its title to an Ahmed Saadawi book about junk-dealer Hadi set in Baghdad during the American occupation. A mime named Thomas Potter Cook popularized this novel in a stage adaptation where he dressed in a blue body stocking. A recent annotated edition of this novel "for scientists" is introduced by Guillermo del Toro and has an illustration of the (*) Villa Diodati, where the story was conceived during the "Year Without a Summer" alongside John Polidori's "The Vampyre." The iconic version of this novel's anti-hero first appeared in a 1931 Boris Karloff film. A humorous take on this novel has Igor assisting its "young" title character in a Mel Brooks comedy. For 10 points, name this novel about a synthetic monster by Mary Shelley. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PACE NSC // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 634 went dead. -- 23:25, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Descriptive answer acceptable The formation of Kietz settlements began during this process. When this process occurred far from other settlements, it was called "wild rooted". This process facilitated the spread of the three-field crop rotation system and landlords called lokators were important in encouraging this process. Many places in Poland and the Czech Republic changed their name in the mid-20th century to reverse the effects of this process. Perhaps the most famous instance of this nonreligious process was the development of the (*) Teutonic state and it was used to justify the acquisition of lebensraum. For 10 points, identify this medieval process in which a certain Central European ethnic group settled throughout Eastern Europe | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 FRENCH // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 635 went dead. -- 23:25, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One important treatise in this discipline was written by a figure who obtained his highest position by answering a question with "walks and sunlight"; that man was Charaka. The Edwin Smith Papyrus was an Egyptian treatise on this subject, another text of which is divided into the "Basic Questions" and "Divine Pivot". William Osler's textbook on this subject famously gave credit to an Islamic scholar who wrote a "Canon" on this subject, named (*) Ibn Sina. The Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor is another text on this subject, and another text on it was the De Corporis Fabrica written by Vesalius. Another famous member of this profession was born on Kos and was trained at a temple called the Asclepion. For 10 points, name this field whose practitioners include Galen and a man whose namesake oath implores to "do no harm", Hippocrates. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 636 went dead. -- 23:25, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The existence of one of these entities corresponding to a function from R n to R n is guaranteed in some neighborhood if the Jacobian is nonsingular, according to a theorem often contrasted with the implicit function theorem. A generalization of one of them named for Moore and Penrose is an example of a "pseudo" one. The existence of these entities is only guaranteed for one of the operations in a ring, but for both operations in a field. If a function is injective, it has a corresponding one of these functions. A square matrix has one of these if and only if has a nonzero (*) determinant, and matrices without one of these objects are called singular. Multiplying a matrix by one of these gives the identity matrix. For 10 points, give this term whose multiplicative kind is the reciprocal and whose additive kind for a number x is negative x. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 MUT // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 637 went dead. -- 23:25, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a story by this author, a cellist falls in love with his older American tutor, only to find that rather than being a virtuoso, she can’t even play the cello. This man wrote a book in which Masuji Ono comes to terms with his role in making propaganda for Imperial Japan, and he wrote both the collection Nocturnes and the book (*) An Artist of the Floating World. This author wrote a novel in which the narrator takes his employer’s car on a “motoring trip” to see Mrs. Benn, and one in which Kathy, Tommy, and Ruth are revealed as clones created for organ donation. For 10 points, name this British author of The Remains of the Day and Never Let Me Go. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 638 went dead. -- 23:25, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The fighting force of one side in this war was funded privately by bonds with only six percent interest rates, considerably lower than the prevailing rates at that time. Â George Gilaspy organized a group of surgeons to provide medical care to one side during this war. Â Silas Talbot organized an expedition during this war that targeted the harbor of Puerto Plata. Â Two important victories were won during this war by Thomas Truxton, the commander of the (*) Constellation, and Oliver Ellsworth was one of the representatives for the U.S. at the treaty that ended this war, alternately called the Treaty of Mortefontaine or the Convention of 1800. Â For 10 points, name this war in which the U.S. cracked down on French privateering, that was never officially declared. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 KABO // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 639 went dead. -- 23:25, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Lord Cobham conspired with this governor of Jersey in the Main Plot against James I, afterwhich he spent 13 years in the Tower of London. Virginia Dare was born into a colony thatthis man established on (*) Roanoke Island that became "lost" after possibly relocating toCroatoan Island. English use of tobacco was made popular by, for 10 points, what English explorer,later honored as the namesake of the capital of North Carolina? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 SCOP Novice // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 640 went dead. -- 23:25, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one system for classifying these materials, negative integers are written with a bar on top, and the three integers h, k, and l are used to represent a vector in reciprocal space. The Burgers vector describes "edge" and "screw" dislocations in these structures. The formation of these materials requires the presence of a "seed" to begin(*) nucleation. These structures, which are classified by Miller indices, can contain defects and vacancies among their lattice planes. For 10 points, name this ordered material structure, exhibited by diamond. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 WHAQ II // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 641 went dead. -- 23:25, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The first partial images of LLSVPs were obtained using this technique, which is greatly complicated by the presence of triplications. This technique consists of solving an inverse problem based on a sequence of iterated prestack depth migrations. A common form of this technique finds perturbations to a 1D structure model such as PREM through inversion of fluctuations in travel times. This technique can also incorporate comparison of direct phases, such as SKS, and reflected phases, such as ScS, in an analysis of differences in arrival times that provides information on structure in the deep mantle. For 10 points, subducted tectonic plates sinking through the mantle can be tracked using what technique that utilizes waves generated by explosions and earthquakes to generate 3D images of the Earth's interior? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Nationals // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 642 went dead. -- 23:25, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Among the improvements made to this procedure are the introduction of an rfa mutation that makes a lipopolysaccharide coat more permeable to a certain substance, and the introduction of the pkm10 plasmid, which carries SOS repair genes and ampicillin resistance. An alternative to this procedure that uses a liquid substrate and a 96-well microplate is called the fluctuation method. The man who developed this procedure also improved it by inactivating the uvrB gene during it. In its original form, this procedure failed with substances like benzopyrene, because cytochrome P450 is needed to activate it. To fix that and promote growth during this assay, microsomes isolated from rat liver are mixed in. This procedure basically works by incubating Salmonella typhimurium on agar that has been spread with a small amount of histidine. For 10 points, identify this eponymous biological test for a mutagenic agent. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Terrapin // rd: Ike Jose + Tanay Kothari | |
| tossup 643 went dead. -- 23:25, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One recent reformist political party of this ethnic group is known as Goran, or Change. This group established the short lived Republic of Ararat and fought for independence in the Barzani Revolt. One member of this people established the Ayyubid Caliphate. Almost constant oppression of this people has caused a diaspora and the genesis of the Peshmerga. Ali Hassan al-Majhid used chemical weapons against this people during Saddam Hussein's genocidal An-Anfal Campaign, and the PKK fights for this people's independence in Turkey. For 10 points, name this ethnic group of Saladin and Jalal Talabani, the largest stateless people, centered in northern Iraq and southern Turkey. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 644 went dead. -- 23:25, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Don Alvaro Patiño instigated one war centered on this city, whose major economic activity produced both tacana and negrillos. Miguel Arzans y Urzua wrote the Tales of this city, and this city was the site of the Vicuña War. This city's site was discovered by Diego Gualpa, and development took off after the discovery of the mercury (*) mountain at Huancavelica. The cerro rico was located in this city, whose mines were supplied by the mit'a labor system. Local Andean languages referred to this city as "the mountain that eats men" due to its high mortality rates. For 10 points, name this silver mining city in modern Bolivia. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 JAKOB // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 645 went dead. -- 23:25, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One short story by this author ends as a woman reading the newspaper muses "Just goes to show, Godknows what He's about," after seeing a picture of a forty-five-centimeter tall pregnant member of theLikoualas tribe discovered by Marcel Pretre. A novel by this author begin with the protagonist waking upin the "How a Man is Made" section and depicts a man abandoning language to live as stones do in "TheBirth of the Hero." In a novel by this author, an idle rich sculptor compares her past abortion to squashing acockroach in the abandoned room of her maid Janair. This author of "The Smallest Woman in the World"and The Passion According to G.H. wrote about the journey of a man who may have killed his wife,Martim, in The Apple in the Dark. For 10 points, name this author who wrote about Rodrigo's attempt tochronicle the life and death of Macabéa in The Hour of the Star and who was a Ukrainian-Brazilian Jewishwoman. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Open // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 646 went dead. -- 23:26, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of the title characters in this story tells his father he is looking back at his white cat sitting on the roof.In this story, the stepmother plans to leave the title characters in the forest. This ends with the title charactersgoing home after shoving an old (*) woman in an oven. For 10 points, name this Brothers Grimm story aboutsiblings who find a house made of bread, cake, and sugar. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 647 went dead. -- 23:26, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Following a military action named for one of these institutions, thousands of women were "Moroccinated" by Goumiers under Alphonso Juin in a campaign of mass-rape. Institutions of this type in Aargau were targeted by the Radical Party in 1841, contributing to the outbreak of the Sonderbund War in Switzerland. Victor III's, under the name of Desiderius, was head of one of these institutions that centuries later would serve as the linchpin of the Gustav and Winter Lines in a defensive network commanded by Albert Kesselring. The Lincolnshire Rising erupted in response to action against these institutions, leading Robert Aske to lead the Pilgrimage of Grace. That uprising resulted from Henry VIII's closure of these institutions in England, where they had often suffered Viking raids. For 10 points, identify these locales like Cluny and Monte Cassino, generally populated by Christian monks. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn Bowl // rd: Maryland A | |
| tossup 648 went dead. -- 23:26, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A phacolith is a plutonic intrusion concordant to the bedding plane of these structures. Parasitic examples of these structures are classified as S or Z depending on whether they have clockwise or counterclockwise apparent vergence. In an anisotropic medium, these structures can be created by flexural flow and flexural slip. The limbs of these structures are linked by their hinge line. If the axial plane of these structures is in a horizontal position, parallel with the limbs, they are termed recumbent; less intense deformation can create overturned examples. Compressional stress can create (*) anticline and syncline examples of these structures, and other examples include concentric, chevron, and kinked bands. For 10 points, name these structures in which flat strata are bent or curved as a result of plastic deformation under great stress. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MLK // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 649 went dead. -- 23:26, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man's predecessor released the Common Man's Charter, which spoke of a shift to the political left. The State Research Bureau in Nakasero became a hub for tortures and executions in this man's regime. This man allowed a plane hijacked by members of the PLO and Revolutionäre Zellen to land in the Entebbe Airport. This man bestowed on himself a Doctorate in Law from Makerere University as well as the Victoria Cross. For ten points, name this "Butcher of Africa," a Ugandan dictator in the 1970's. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Delta Burke // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 650 went dead. -- 23:26, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The elected king of this state signed a “contract” with the nobles and the people called the Henrician Articles, reflecting a political system under which “the king reins and does not govern.” Late in this state’s existence, it promulgated the first codified constitution in modern European history, the May 3 Constitution. This state continued an earlier aristocratic political system of checks and balances called (*) Golden Liberty, which was controlled by nobles called szlachta. A predecessor to this state was created in the Union of Krewo. This state arose in the 1569 Union of Lublin, nearly 200 years after a personal union between two countries occurred when the Jagiellon dynasty came to power. For 10 points, name this Eastern European “Commonwealth” ruled jointly from Vilnius and Krakow. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 MUT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 651 went dead. -- 23:26, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Townspeople respond to this event by throwing the child of a prostitute into a well as a sacrificeto Hel in the novel The Cross, whose protagonist Kristin Lavransdatter joins an abbey during it.Such details as the placement of a severed head in a pot of basil suggest that the love betweenLorenzo and Lisabetta is a metaphor for this event. One author claimed that many women becameless chaste due to the necessity of using male servants during this event in the introduction to acollection about Dioneo, (*) Filostrato, and Fiammetta, who flee from Florence to escape it and spend twoweeks telling stories. For 10 points, name this historical event that shaped the frame story of theDecameron and wiped out half the population of Medieval Europe. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 652 went dead. -- 23:26, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Proteins that bind this molecule typically have a three-part motif consisting of spaced GXXXXGK, DXXG, and NKXD consensus sequences. One protein that breaks down this molecule is inhibited by both Pseudomonas exotoxin A and diptheria toxin. Disassembly of the COPII coat in new vesicles is triggered by ARF and Sar1p breaking down this molecule. In the nucleus, its breakdown causes importins to dissociate from, and exportins to associate with, their cargo. The breakdown of this molecule causes the counterclockwise rotation of the small ribosomal subunit by the protein EF2. GEFs ["Geffs" with a hard "g"] promote the dissociation of one product of its breakdown, and its breakdown is activated by GAPs ["gaps"]. Rab and Ran, which are part of the Ras superfamily, break down this molecule. Seven-transmembranereceptors are coupled to heterotrimeric proteins whose alpha subunit binds to and breaks down this molecule, called G proteins. For 10 points, name this purine triphosphate that is not ATP. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: WUSTL and Virginia | |
| tossup 653 went dead. -- 23:26, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Walter, Baron von Richthofen, uncle of the Red Baron, wrote an influential tract popularizing this industry in the late 19th century. A gift from George Vancouver to King Kamehameha I was the impetus for the start of this industry in Hawaii, where it was carried out by paniolos. The Johnson County War was fought between large and small scale producers in this industry. (*) Charles Goodnight first brought this industry in a large-scale to the Texas Panhandle. The winter of 1886-87 saw some producers in this industry lose 90% of their investment, a catastrophe called the Great Die Up. Joseph Glidden's 1874 patent of barbed wire led to the demise of the open range variety of this industry. For 10 points, this is what industry that raises bovines for their meat? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 FRENCH // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 654 went dead. -- 23:26, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Dividing this quantity by Avogadro's number to the one third times molar volume to the two thirds andmultipliying by a steric coefficient gives specific surface energy according to Stefan's formula. Thisquantity is on the y-axis of a Mollier diagram, where it is plotted against entropy. This quantity is dividedby the square of the temperature on the right side of the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation, which relates it toGibbs free energy. The differential of this quantity equals TdS plus VdP. This quantity equals internalenergy plus pressure times volume. Only the change in this quantity can actually be measured. For 10points, name this quantity, a state function computed using Hess's Law. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 VCU Open // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 655 went dead. -- 23:26, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Like the Polynesians, these people created a cloth out of tree bark called tapa, which was used with sistal to make clothing. All of the known kings of this people have full bodied depictions on "Altar Q." Some sources discuss the blood sacrifice of their kings, which was accomplished with a sting ray spine. These people controlled the cities of Calakmul and Dos Pilas in their early years, while in later times, the cities of Uxmal was a more important center. The first of the sixteen kings of these people was named Yax Kuk Mo and began the Copan Dynasty, which worshipped the god Chac. For 10 points, identify these people who prophesized the end of the world in 2012, and had a capital at Chichen Itza. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 ACF Winter // rd: Virginia Commonwealth University | |
| tossup 656 went dead. -- 23:27, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A sticky note detailing a plan to disrupt these facilities said “SSL added and removed here,” with a smiley face pointing to a box labeled “GFE,” and was leaked from the MUSCULAR program. Project Natick plans to build one of these facilities underwater in California. The largest one of these facilities, at over 3.5 million square feet, is the Switch SuperNAP in Las Vegas. The world’s highest concentration of the “colo” (“CO-lo”) type of these facilities, which are rented out, is in Ashburn, Virginia. In 2010, (*) Greenpeace began evaluating the energy efficiency of companies using these facilities in the #ClickingClean initiative. Transparency in the design of these facilities is advocated for by the Open Compute Project started by Facebook. For 10 points, name these facilities containing rows of cooled, rack-mounted servers that store large amounts of information. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Sun God Invitational // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 657 went dead. -- 23:27, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity is plotted on log scale on the x-axis of a Bode plot, which measures a system's stability to changes in it. Since skin depth of electric current varies with the negative one-half power of permeability times this quantity, at high values of it, a conductor's resistance increases. In RLC circuits, when this quantity is large, the voltage across the inductor is high and across the capacitor is low. Low-pass filters screen out signals with (*) high values of it. This quantity is represented by the speed at which a phasor rotates. Fourier transforms convert a signal from the time domain to this quantity's domain. An alternating current depends on the sine of this quantity multiplied by time. For 10 points, name this quantity, which in conventional American power lines is 60 hertz. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 658 went dead. -- 23:27, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The mesoporous material MCM-41 is created using a template of rod-like ones of these structures. They are treated as a "microphase" in Tanford's phase-separation model. PS-P4VP in toluene forms an inverse, "hairy" form of these structures. The number of carbon atoms in the constituents of these structure is related by the Sauff-Klevens equation to a parameter key to their formation. CTAB forms these structures in one form of DNA extraction, and they are formed around denatured proteins by (*) SDS. Their constituents tend to hang out at the air-water interface until they reach their namesake critical concentration. They can only form above the Krafft temperature, and their substituents are typically amphiphilic, like detergents, or phospholipids. For 10 points, name these roughly spherical particles that form in solutions of surfactant molecules. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Penn Bowl // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 659 went dead. -- 23:27, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man rose to prominence was J. Paul Getty's personal assistant in the early 1960's. While at Harvard Law School, this man's case was assisted by a young Jim Cramer. An early conviction was reversed on the grounds that investigator Eddie Lambert had illegally obtained a bag containing syringes and insulin, which this man was suspected of using to try to kill his wife Sunny. For 10 points, name this figure played by Jeremy Irons in Reversal of Fortune, a famous client of Alan Dershowitz. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Cheyne 1980s American History // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 660 went dead. -- 23:27, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One theorem named for this letter states that if there are n physical variables expressed in termsof k quantities, one can create an equation in terms of n minus k different variables that recapitulatesthe original expression. The nth homotopy group is symbolized by this letter followed by a subscript n.Besides appearing in the name of a theorem named for (*) Buckingham, this letter is used to symbolizethe prime counting function. One value symbolized by this letter is taken as the exponent of e in orderto compute Gelfond's constant. Its capital version is used to symbolize repeated multiplication. For 10points, name this letter that also symbolizes a constant equal to the ratio of the circumference to thediameter. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Closed // rd: Editors 3 | |
| tossup 661 went dead. -- 23:27, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this tissue, the proteoglycan phosphacan inhibits cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix protein Ng-CAM. Different cell classes of this tissue can be distinguished by staining for class four intermediate filaments. The cross-linking protein MAP2 localizes to this tissue, which is homogenized then repeatedly cooled and heated to purify tubulin. LFB (*) stains detect damage to lipid-rich cells of this tissue, which can be visualized with cresyl violet because it contains aggregates of ER called Nissl bodies. Beta-interferons are often prescribed for a disease that causes scarring in this tissue and has a relapsing-remitting form. That disease is multiple sclerosis. This tissue is divided into white and grey matter and contains neurons and glia. For 10 points, name this tissue that makes up the spinal cord and brain. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SUBMIT // rd: Dartmouth A, Penn C | |
| tossup 662 went dead. -- 23:27, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character is “the Shaker God incarnated” according to a man who believes himself to be the archangel Gabriel. This character becomes a prophecy’s first hearse during three chapters titled “The Chase.” This is the main character discussed during a novel’s nine “gams,” or meetings. As a reward for the first person to see this character, a man offers a gold doubloon that he nails to a mast. Before accidentally killing himself, that man tells this character “From Hell’s heart, I stab at thee!” The protagonist uses Queequeg’s coffin as a lifeboat after this character destroys the Pequod. For 10 points, name this giant whale pursued by Captain Ahab in a novel by Herman Melville. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ACF Fall // rd: Claremont_Colleges,_Penn_State_A,_Rice_A | |
| tossup 663 went dead. -- 23:27, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of one of this author's novels mistakes Mr. Bodwin for Schoolteacher and is separated from Denver by the spirit of her dead daughter. Another novel by this woman sees Pecola driven insane as she idolizes (*) Shirley Temple. Sethe cuts her daughter‟s throat to save her from slavery in a work by this author; that daughter returns as the title woman, "Beloved." For 10 points, name this American author of The Bluest Eye. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 SCOP Novice // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 664 went dead. -- 23:27, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The de Jager model for this phenomenon overpredicts it in OB-type stars. That "weak" problem with this phenomenon cannot be explained by its namesake clumping or by the broadening of P Cygni profiles, which is indicative of line-driving processes causing this phenomenon. Some luminous blue variables, like Eta Carinae, exhibit bubbles named after this phenomenon. Other stars that exhibit this phenomenon lose their nitrogen lines as it occurs, resulting in a transition from WN to WC classification; those are Wolf-Rayet stars. Near us, it manifests as Parker spirals and its interaction with the magnetosphere allows aurorae to be visible on the Earth's surface. For 10 points, name this phenomenon in which charged particles are ejected from a star's surface. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Regionals // rd: Chattahoochee HS + Columbia B + Toronto B | |
| tossup 665 went dead. -- 23:27, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An event in this novel is almost discovered by the victim’s blind mother, who says a brief prayer after smelling whiskey on another character. That event in this novel is investigated by Britten, who mistakenly concludes that the perpetrator conspired with a union organizer. That crime in this novel was uncovered by the discovery of a skeleton and an earring in a (*) furnace, which prompts the protagonist to flee with his eventual next victim, his alcoholic girlfriend Bessie Mears. In this novel, Jan Erlone hires Boris Max, who unsuccessfully tries to prevent the death penalty from being carried out on the protagonist, who suffocated Mary Dalton with a pillow. For 10 points, name this novel about Bigger Thomas, written by Richard Wright. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 WAO II // rd: 03 | |
| tossup 666 went dead. -- 23:28, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The narrator of this novel tells two Spanish Dons a story about a man named Radney who goads his subordinate Steelkilt into a violent rebellion. A character in this novel howls "Ego non baptizo te in nomine patris, sed in nomine diaboli!" while tempering a weapon with blood instead of water. Earlier in this novel, that character compares "all visible objects" to "pasteboard masks" and declares "if man will strike, strike through the mask!" After finishing this novel, its author wrote a letter saying "I have written a wicked book, and feel spotless as the lamb." Another character in this novel muses "I know not all that may be coming, but be it what it will, I'll go to it (*) laughing." Its protagonist wonders "Is it I, God, or who, that lifts this arm?" in its chapter "The Symphony," after refusing to help the Rachel search for a lost child. This novel ends with three chapters called "The Chase," in which its protagonist is last seen yelling "from hell's heart I stab at thee!" For 10 points, name this novel whose title character is hunted by Captain Ahab. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 667 went dead. -- 23:28, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Prologue to this work suggests that "When Anna's sceptre points the laws their course... there scarce is room for satire," and is spoken by Mr. Wilks. After kissing a maid named Cherry, one character compares her lips to honeycombs, to which she replies that she wishes there had been bees too, to sting him for his impudence. In this play, the highwayman Gibbet makes a plan to rob the household of a character who is flirting with the captive French officer Bellair, while Foigard is revealed to be an Irishman posing as a Frenchman in this play. This work's first act opens with a scene in which one of the main characters drinks some "confounded strong" ale served by Boniface, who tells that character about Lady Bountiful. The arrival of Sir Charles Freeman, who confirms the story of the death of the eldest brother of the two main characters, results in an inheritance for one of the main characters and the separation of Freeman's sister from her brutish husband. Ending with Archer engineering Mrs. Sullen's divorce from her husband and Aimwell's marriage to Dorinda, for ten points, identify this late Restoration comedy, the most famous work of George Farquhar. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 VCU Open // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 668 went dead. -- 23:28, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During World War I, one person with this surname sent out pamphlets entitled Appeal for Enlistment to his countrymen to encourage recruitment to the British Army. Another person of this surname oversaw Operation Smiling Buddha and the controversial Operation Bluestar. Yet another person of this surname was killed in a suicide bombing by the Tamil Tigers, and the death of that person's mother had caused massive anti-Sikh violence. For 10 points, give this surname shared by two leaders of the Congress Party of India, and the leader of the satyagraha. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Prison Bowl // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 669 went dead. -- 23:28, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: To boost interest in this group, James Colescott lowered membership fees to six dollars. Elizabeth Tyler andEdward Clarke were two public relations agents that improved this group's image, with Tyler publishing itsnewspaper, The Searchlight. This organization's "northern realm" was led by a rival of its leader Hiram WesleyEvans. This group sagged in popularity after the conviction of D.C. Stephenson for rape and murder. Itssecond incarnation was founded by William Simmons at Stone Mountain in 1915. Interest in this groupexploded after the success of D.W. Griffith's film The Birth of a Nation. For 10 points, name this group of whitehooded nativists who burn crosses. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 NASAT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 670 went dead. -- 23:28, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A chapter in this novel opens with instructions on how to pay the cable bill, and its protagonist is fascinated by one character's ambition to set a record for sitting in a cage full of poisonous snakes. Its main character adds an initial to his name to be taken more seriously as an academic and studies German with Howard Dunlop in preparation for a conference. This novel's protagonist's former wives are all connected to the intelligence community, unlike his current wife, who obtains the experimental drug Dylar by engaging in an affair with Willie Mink. Its protagonist is exposed to Nyodene D following the "Airborne Toxic Event." For 10 points, identify this novel about Professor of Hitler Studies Jack Gladney, a work of Don DeLillo. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 NASAT // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 671 went dead. -- 23:28, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This text begins with the story of a monkey getting hit in his private parts by a wedge he was attempting to pull out of an acacia log. This text’s frame story is set in the city of Maiden’s Delight and features a bull named Lively advising the lion king Rusty until a jackal dissolves their friendship. This text, most notably compiled by (*) Purnabhadra, has sections including “The Book of Crows and Owls”, “The Loss of Gains”, and “The Gaining of Friends”, and its stories include “The Brahmin’s Gift”. A teacher named Vishnu Sharma teaching a king’s sons how to be virtuous provides the frame story of, for ten points, what Indian collection of fables named for its five sections? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: WORLDSTAR // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 672 went dead. -- 23:28, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Boleslaw Bierut died while listening to one of this man's speeches. This person was given the rank of lieutenant general in 1941 and helped Marshal Yeremenko defend Stalingrad. Championed by Lazar Kaganovich, he delivered a speech about the personality cult and its consequences, shortly around the time the Anti-Party group tried to depose him. Becoming leader of his country after fighting with Georgy Malenkov, his ascent led to a period of time in which gulag political prisoners were released and many art works were allowed to be published. For 10 points, name the shoe-banging enthusiast and premier of the USSR from 1958-64 that thawed out the Soviet Union after Stalin's death. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: Round 13 updated.doc | |
| tossup 673 went dead. -- 23:28, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 1. Historian Edmund S. Morgan connected this event to the transition into race-based slavery in the colony it affected. Future pirate Thomas Larimore commanded a navy to help put down this event, which targeted the Occaneechi and Pamunkey. A refusal to retaliate after a raid on Thomas Matthew’s plantation by the (*) Doeg people helped spark this event. John Ingram took the leadership of this event after its namesake died of dysentery. During this event, the “Declaration of the People” was issued to criticize the actions of Governor William Berkeley. For 10 points, name this 1676 Virginia rebellion, which saw the burning of Jamestown. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 LOGIC // rd: Tiebreakers | |
| tossup 674 went dead. -- 23:28, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poem mentions Queen Modthryth, who perpetrates terrible wrongs against her subjects. In this poem, treasure is sent to the Wulfings to mend a feud after Heatholaf is killed. Another character in this poem proves his masculinity by stating that he was pulled underwater by a sea monster during a swimming race. A thief in this poem steals a gem-encrusted goblet, causing a dragon to attack Geatland. Its protagonist defeats another enemy by ripping his arm out of its socket, and slays that beast’s mother, therefore saving King Hrothgar in the hall of Heorot. For 10 points, name this Old English epic poem about the slayer of Grendel. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Prison Bowl VIII // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 675 went dead. -- 23:28, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After reading a story about a diamond heist, the protagonist of a play titled for this kind of object imagines disembodied voices chanting the word “stones.” In a scene from a play titled for this kind of object, an attorney exposes that the protagonist was given a lily by her lover Richard, undermining her story about an intruder armed with a pebble-filled bottle. This kind of object titles a play whose protagonist has a nervous breakdown, muttering “God Mary Mary God Mary,” after giving birth, and dies in the electric chair after killing (*) her husband, the president of the George H. Jones Company. This kind of object titles a play whose protagonist, after dying, talks to the corpses Shrdlu (“SHURD-loo”) and Daisy in Elysian Fields. Sophie Treadwell’s best-known play is titled for this kind of object, which also titles a play whose protagonist murders his boss after he is replaced by one of these objects. For 10 points, name this type of object that titles a play about Mr. Zero written by Elmer Rice. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 Terrapin // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 676 went dead. -- 23:28, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The author of this document later proposed the creation of a "minister-guardian" to oversee voluntarism in his book Voluntary Action. This document outlines three methods for achieving security and three major assumptions, the third of which is the maintenance of employment, which this document's author addressed in Full Employment in a Free Society. This document identified squalor, ignorance, want, idleness, and disease as the "Five Giant Evils" plaguing society. This document (*) advocated the creation of a system that protected the population "from cradle to grave," an idea implemented by Aneurin Bevan and other members of the Clement Attlee administration. For 10 points, name this 1942 parliamentary report, which influenced the creation of the National Health Service and the British welfare state. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 SHEIKH // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 677 went dead. -- 23:29, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: England intervened in this war under the pretext that the royal yacht Merlin had not been properly saluted, but the English were defeated at the Battle of Solebay and withdrew via the Treaty of Westminster. Most naval fighting in this war took place hundreds of miles away in the Mediterranean, including the Battles of Stromboli, Augusta, and Palermo. After the Hapsburgs intervened in this war, the Holy Roman Empire was defeated at the Battle of Sinsheim, while Spain lost the fortress of Besancon to France. During this war, one participant experienced the "Year of Disaster," which included the mob lynching of its Grand Pensioner. That same participant also saw the death in battle of its greatest admiral, Michael de Ruyter. The major outcome of this war was the annexation of Franche-Comte by Louis XIV, whose true ambitions in this war were foiled by a policy of defensive flooding. For 10 points, name this war ended by the Treaty of Nijmegen fought over control of the Low Countries. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Nationals // rd: GeorgiaTechNYU | |
| tossup 678 went dead. -- 23:29, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One dissenting opinion in this case declared that the majority has "laid waste to our rational-basis jurisprudence," and criticizes the majority for ignoring stare decisis in contravention of their ruling in Casey. The majority in this case cited the ruling in Romer v. Evans as evidence for the ongoing erosion of the precedent set by the earlier ruling that this case overturned. Stevens' dissent in that overturned case was cited in the opinion this ruling's majority opinion, written by Anthony Kennedy. An infamous (*) dissent in this case rejected comparisons to Loving v. Virginia and warned that if promotion of majoritarian morality no longer constituted a legitimate state interest, then rational-basis review would overturn laws against bigamy, incest, and bestiality. That horrible dissent from this decision ends with Scalia concluding that his colleagues had embraced the "so-called homosexual agenda." For 10 points, name this 2003 case that overturned Bowers v. Hardwick and ruled a Texas sodomy law unconstitutional. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BARGE // rd: Chicago B | |
| tossup 679 went dead. -- 23:29, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A poem written in this language describes “sighs” escaping from the “strawberry mouth” of a “sad princess,” and was written by an author who chose the swan as his personal symbol since it represented artistic purity. A long poem in this language depicts a singing duel between the title figure and a black singer, and includes a section in which a police sergeant dies of smallpox; that work is named for “The Return of” the title character. The (*) 1888 publication of a poetry collection named “Blue…” in this language began an era of modernism. This language was used to describe how the outlaw Martín Fierro abandons civilization and lives among the Indians. For 10 points, name this language used by Ruben Dario, and which was used to describe the gauchos of Argentina. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: Packet 12 | |
| tossup 680 went dead. -- 23:29, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In 2014, a team led by Dirk Obbink found this author’s “Brothers Poem” in a private collection. A poem by this author is only preserved in the treatise On the Sublime, which praises its intensity, and opens by calling a man a peer of the gods. Legend holds that this poet jumped from a white rock to pursue a ferryman. Admirers called this poet “the flower of the Graces,” a name referenced in (*) The Dinner Party by Judy Chicago. Some interpreters posit this author’s purported daughter, Cleis, to instead be a homosexual lover. Anne Carson’s If not winter collects this author’s poems, among which there is only complete surviving one, which addresses a “deathless child of Zeus” and is titled “Hymn to Aphrodite.” For 10 points, name this poet from Lesbos. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 681 went dead. -- 23:29, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One future ruler of this empire led the Siege of Orchha, and Bairam Khan won a notable victory for it against Hemu. Later in this empire's history the Sayyid Brothers held enormous influence, and Sher Shah Suri disrupted this empire shortly after its founding following the defeat of Ibrahim Shah Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat. One of its rulers abolished the jizya tax, only for it to be reinstated during the rule of Aurangzeb. The first ruler of this empire was Tamerlane's grandson, and the Taj Mahal was built during the reign of its ruler Shah Jahan. For 10 points, name this Indian empire. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 682 went dead. -- 23:29, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A standard technique used to prepare these molecules involves oxidizing monohydric phenols with Fermy's salt and is called the Teuber reaction. One member of this group of molecules reacts with acetic anhydride in the presence of sulphuric acid to form 1,2,4-triacetoxybenzen in the Thiele acylation. Their "o" and "p" varieties can be synthesized by coupling a phenol to a diazonium salt and reducing the resulting azo compound with dithionite, and the hydro variety of this type of compound has formula C6H6O2 and is oxidized in the spray of bombardier beetles. Also including the naptha variety, which encomopasses the K vitamins, for ten points, identify these compounds distinguished by two carbonyl groups that are adjacent of separated by a vinylene group. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 ACF Winter // rd: Editor's Packet 1 | |
| tossup 683 went dead. -- 23:29, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Surface plasmon resonance requires an interface across which this quantity changes sign, like a sheet of gold. In SI units, the reciprocal of this quantity is defined as the speed of light squared, times four pi, divided by ten million. In Maxwell's correction to Ampère's law, this quantity multiplies the time derivative of E but not J, since, without polarization, it is the ratio between the displacement and electric fields. The capacitance of parallel plates depends on the plates' (*) area, their separation distance, the dielectric constant, and this quantity. The flux through a Gaussian surface equals the enclosed charge over this quantity. Coulomb's constant equals one over four pi times this constant's value in a vacuum. For 10 points, name this quantity symbolized epsilon. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 684 went dead. -- 23:29, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this work is nicknamed "Tylenol" and competes with the titular character for the affections of Joryleen Grant. The protagonist gets a job driving a truck for Excellency Home Furnishings, where he is partnered with Charlie Chehab. While a student at New Prospect High School, the protagonist is counseled by Jack Levy. FTP, name this John Updike novel about the son of Irish and Egyptian parents, Ahmad, who is recruited to bomb the Lincoln Tunnel. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Minnesota Open Lit // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 685 went dead. -- 23:29, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During a conflict in this country, swordsmen called Juramentados carried out suicide attacks against occupying forces. This country’s Muslim minority was massacred by occuyping troops during the Moro Rebellion. Galleons named for this country’s capital made bi-annual trading voyages to New Spain. Frederick Funston captured this country’s first president, (*) Emilio Aguinaldo. Along with Cuba and Puerto Rico, this country was occupied by the United States after the Spanish-American War. For 10 points, name this Pacific archipelagic country that began its struggle against American colonizers in the Battle of Manila. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 CALISTO // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 686 went dead. -- 23:29, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: As an infant, a boy in this city is conditioned to fear cans of Pabst Blue Ribbon and issues of The Economist in a version of the “Little Albert” experiment conducted by his psychologist father. A costume designer befriends a former hotel manager who came to this city from Iowa to escape his memory of Romola Martin. The city of Dickens is an “agrarian ghetto” of this metropolis where the protagonist reinstates segregation and slavery in (*) Paul Beatty’s novel The Sellout. A character who intends to paint a masterpiece titled “The Burning of” this city witnesses a riot started by Homer Simpson. For 10 points, what city is the setting of Nathanael West’s The Day of the Locust, an example of a “Hollywood novel”? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 687 went dead. -- 23:29, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In reference to this character’s downfall, the chorus laments that “Cut is the branch that might have grown full straight, / And burned is Apollo’s laurel bough.” This character beseeches his soul to be “chang’d into little water-drops, / And fall into the ocean, ne’er be found!” at the end of a soliloquy twice interrupted by clock chimes, in which he reflects upon having “but one bare hour to live.” This character’s leg is pulled straight off by a man whom he sold a horse that turns into straw when ridden through water. The inscription (*) Homo, fuge appears on this character’s arm when his blood congeals and has to be warmed by fire. This character snatches Pope Adrian’s food while invisible, amuses Charles V by placing horns on the head of Alexander the Great, and asks: “was this the face that launched a thousand ships” after conjuring Helen of Troy. For 10 points, name this character whose “Tragical History” unfolds after he sells his soul to Mephistopheles, in a play by Christopher Marlowe. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 It's Lit // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 688 went dead. -- 23:29, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Its namesake massacre would lead to the abandonment of the outlying town of Henricus. During the Civil War, it was controlled by William Allen, who ordered the constructions of earthworks to control river traffic. Its early history saw poor netless fishing techniques which led to what President George Percy described as the “starving time”. Edward Wingfield would choose a location hampered by mosquitoes and poor drinking water, but it is more notable for its proximity to Werowocomoco. Its original population arrived in the Discovery, the Godspeed and the Susan Constant, all commanded by Christopher Newport, and James Rolfe began to harvest tobacco at this site. The original meeting site of the House of Burgesses, it served as Virginia’s capital until 1699. FTP, John Smith founded what first English settlement in North America? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 BATE // rd: Finals 2.doc | |
| tossup 689 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Krull-Schmidt theorem is an important result in this branch of math- ematics which also includes the Mackey formula. In the modular type of this branch of mathematics, Maschke's theorem does not hold because a certain en- tity is not invertible. If an equivariant map exists between two vector spaces in this eld of study, they are isomorphic examples of the namesake object of this eld of study, which is a homomorphism from a group or algebra to a set of matrices. For ten points, identify this eld of mathematics concerned with ex- pressing the elements of algebraic structures as linear transformations of vector spaces. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Math Monstrosity // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 690 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author instructed his actors to repeatedly fold a blanket in halves until there is room only forfour feet to create the set for one of his "statement plays." In that play by this author, the inmatesJohn and Winston stage an adaptation of Antigone. This author of The Island wrote a play set at St.George's Park Tea Room in which the central characters reminisce about flying a kite and decidethat Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln, but not (*) Napoleon, are "men of magnitude". That playby this man ends after news of his father's return prompts one character to angrily demand that Sam, likeWillie, call him by the title appellation. For 10 points, name this South African author of Blood Knot and Master Harold and the Boys | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 PACE NSC // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 691 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A female member of this family wrote the memoir The Unlocked Book. Contemporary descendants of this family include a British-born activist who converted to Islam and now works for the Iranian government's PressTV as well as Cherie Blair. A member of this family founded New York City's Players Club, and another member of this family wrote a letter threatening to kill Andrew (*)Jackson unless Jackson pardoned two men convicted of piracy. That member of this family was a longtime rival of Edmund Kean. A member of this family was called "the greatest Hamlet of the nineteenth century"and once saved Robert Todd Lincoln from being struck by a train. For 10 points, name this family of actors which also included a man who shouted "sic semper tyrannis" while assassinating Abraham Lincoln. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 College History Bowl // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 692 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The most famous translation of this work into English is by UChicago professor David Tod Roy. One slave in this novel is caned when she does not open a gate quickly enough. The protagonist of this novel reconciles with his first wife after he sees her burning incense outside in the snow. An earlier novel's character ($) Wu Song tries to kill this novel's protagonist after he and Pan Jinlian kill the latter's husband Wu Dalang. This novel's author wrote under the pseudonym "The Scoffing Scholar of Lanling," and its protagonist tragically dies after overdosing on (*) aphrodisiacs. For ten points, identify this Ming dynasty novel centering on a character from Water Margin, Ximen Qing, famous for its graphic sexual episodes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Schindler's Lit // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 693 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During the most popular version of this ceremony, an open door facing east is the only entrance to the "hocoka", a temporary arbor built around a cottonwood tree. Some participants in this ceremony plunge hooks into the skin on their chests, which are attached to poles set in the ground by bison sinews. A series of rafters are set around a sacred pole within a medicine lodge in the Blackfoot version of this ritual, which was suppressed in the United States and Canada until the mid-20th century. For 10 points, the Sioux and other Plains Indians practice what ritual in which the power of a heavenly body is invoked? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 NASAT // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 694 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A precursor stage to the formation of these cells is the creation of a normoblast, and they express the CD47 marker to protect themselves from phagocytosis. The Coombs test is used to detect antibodies on the surface of these cells, and immature ones are known as reticulocytes. Excessive production of them is known as polycythemia, and they form in the bone marrow and are destroyed in the spleen. These biconcave cells lack nuclei, though they become distorted in people with sickle cell anemia. For 10 points, identify these cells that deliver oxygen via the circulatory system. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 695 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Supreme Court case Hills v. Gautreaux [“guh-TROE”] dealt with the federal government’s provision of this commodity. Low-quality versions of this good were sometimes called “rookeries.” St. Louis provided this good en masse at Pruitt–Igoe [“PREW-it EYE-go”]. The Wagner–Steagall Act provided subsidies for this good. A businessman who provided this good to returning (*) war veterans was William Levitt. The Great Recession is generally considered to have begun with the bursting of a bubble in this industry. For 10 points, name this good that is administered by a Cabinet department along with “Urban Development.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 HFT XIV // rd: 05 | |
| tossup 696 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In 1975, a native of this country named Ariffin Mohammad declared himself the Mahdi and founded the Sky Kingdom movement, whose members are persecuted by this country's government. In the 1960's, this country won the Konfrontasi, an undeclared war with its southern neighbor. In 1969, the May 13 race riots broke out in this country, leading to this country's New Economic Policy. From 1981 to 2003, this country was governed by Mahathir Mohamad. This country's indigenous ethnic groups are called the "bumiputra" and enjoy special economic rights not granted to the richer minority ethnic Chinese. This country has territory on the island of Borneo, as well as the former British Strait Settlements. For 10 points, name this southeast Asian country with capital Kuala Lumpur. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Nationals // rd: Editors 3 | |
| tossup 697 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The last lines of a story set in this city declares that the title character's tombstone bears "no hopeful verse", "for his dying hour was gloom". In that story set here, a pink ribbon flutters through the air after the protagonist meets a man in the guise of his grandfather who carries a staff shaped like a snake. A character in this city cannot remember adultery when attempting to name the Ten Commandments, shortly before a doll is discovered in his house. In a play set in this city, Reverend Parris questions his niece about why she was dancing in the forest with their Barbadian slave, Tituba. That niece had an affair with John Proctor, who is condemned to death in this city. For 10 points, name this setting of Nathaniel Hawthorne's "Young Goodman Brown" and Arthur Miller's The Crucible. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Regionals // rd: MIT A + LASA B | |
| tossup 698 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this man's rule, his army was shaken by the "Revolt of the Parakeets," named for the green and yellow trim on the uniforms of the revolting battalion. He was also opposed by a movement called the Confederaton of the Equator led by Friar Caneca, who opposed his reforms and attempted to found a breakaway state. He first married Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of and then wed Amelie de Beauharnais after her death, when he was forced to fight the Liberal War against his brother in order to secure his throne for his daughter Maria da Gloria. He's more famous for issuing the Grito do Ipiranga as regent with his sword drawn, after which he was declared emperor. For 10 points, name this son of John VI of Portugal, who became the first ruler of an independent Brazil. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ACF Nationals // rd: Editor's Round 2 (RR).docx | |
| tossup 699 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The group of symmetries of a regular one of these is isomorphic to the smallest non-Abelian group. Thales’s theorem describes the angles of these polygons when inscribed in a circle. Three of the platonic solids have these as faces. When a norm is applied to vectors that form the edges of one of these, the norms must satisfy this object’s namesake inequality. A special case of Brahmagupta’s formula named for Heron gives the area of these figures. Squares, hexagons, and these are the only regular polygons that can tile the plane. The law of cosines relates the lengths of their sides. For 10 points, name these simplest polygons, which come in scalene and isosceles varieties. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 BHSAT // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 700 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man's career took off after he successfully argued that Sextus Roscius had not killed his father. This man was given a supplicatio but not a triumph for stamping out some brigands at Mt. Amanus as Governor of Cilicia. His freed slave Tiro compiled his letters to his childhood friend Titus Pomponius Atticus. This man got Milo acquitted after Milo's attendants killed Clodius Pulcher, who had earlier proclaimed this man an exile. As (*) consul, this man posed the question "When… do you mean to cease abusing our patience?" to the conspiratorial senator Catiline. This man's tongue and hands were cut out on the orders of an enemy that he targeted in his Demosthenes-inspired Philippics. For 10 points, name this enemy of Marc Antony, a Roman orator. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 701 went dead. -- 23:30, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel, Miss Henderson, a factory overseer, secretly runs a prostitution ring. One character in this book falls for the violinist Timoszius but is unable to marry him after she is fired from her job. The protagonist of this novel meets Jack Duane in jail and becomes part of Mike Scully's gang. Teta–Elzbieta's step-daughter Ona dies during childbirth in this novel. In this book, Jurgis Rudkus moves to Packingtown from Lithuania and works at various factories with terrible conditions. Name this muckraking novel that exposed Chicago's meatpacking industry, a work of Upton Sinclair. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NTSS // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 702 went dead. -- 23:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A note about this person cites a passage of "great anthropological interest" from Ovid after describing him as "a mere spectator and not indeed a 'character'" who is "yet the most important personage in the poem." This person first speaks, "At the violet hour, when the eyes and back turn upward from the desk," and watches a "typist home at tea-time." He claims to have "foresuffered all" and "walked among the lowest of the dead" in a poem in which he sees an "Unreal City." This personage from "The Fire Sermon" describes himself as an old man with wrinkled female breasts" in a poem which ends "Shantih shantih shantih." For 10 points, name this narrator of much of T. S. Eliot's "The Waste Land," a gender-switching seer. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 NASAT // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 703 went dead. -- 23:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These data structures can have “zig-zig” or “zag-zag” shapes before the splaying operation is performed. Collision detections in two-dimensional space can be optimized with the “quad” variety of these data structures. Elements of these structures can be visited in preorder or postorder. Kruskal’s and Prim’s algorithms can compute one of these structures that (*) connects all vertices of a graph with minimum edge weights. The red-black type of these structures is a self-balancing version of their “binary search” variety. For 10 points, name this type of data structure that has a “root” node and children known as “leaves.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Maryland Fall // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 704 went dead. -- 23:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This empire’s ruler Ahmad Sanjar escaped with only fifteen of his elite horsemen after being defeated by the Kara-Khitai under Yelu Dashi at Qatwan. This empire captured Baghdad from the Shia Buyids in 1055. This dynasty’s use of the iqta system to pay its military was pioneered by a vizier from it who wrote a book on government called the Siyasatnama. An offshoot of this empire was (*) defeated at the Battle of Dorylaeum, forcing its ruler Kilij to retreat and establish a capital at Konya. Nizam al-Mulk served a king of this empire who captured Romanus IV Diogenes. For 10 points, the Sultanate of Rum was an offshoot of what Turkish empire whose king Alp Arslan defeated the Byzantines at the Battle of Manzikert? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 SMT // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 705 went dead. -- 23:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel, a little girl with a penchant for shooting cats with her air rifle fights with the protagonist's sister. While treating a patient in this novel, the protagonist's doctor grandfather falls in love with that patient through a hole in a sheet. The betrayal of Joseph D'Costa leads one character in this novel to choose to switch the sons of Amina and Vanita at birth. In this novel, one character who has fathered hundreds of children leads an attack on a ghetto that kills Parvati-the-witch. That character, Shiva, had found himself at odds with this novel's narrator during a telepathic conference of the title characters. For 10 points, name this novel about Saleem Sinai by Salman Rushdie. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 ACF Fall // rd: Georgia Tech B.doc | |
| tossup 706 went dead. -- 23:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poem's speaker recalls his eye being "fixed with mock study on [his] swimming book." The speaker of this poem tells its addressee that he "shalt wander like a breeze by lakes and sandy shore, beneath the crags of ancient mountains, and beneath the clouds." This poem invokes a "great universal Teacher" who "shall mould thy spirit, and by giving make it ask." At the beginning of this poem, the speaker is startled by an owlet's re- peated cry as he watches his infant son Hartley sleep. This poem's title phenomenon "performs its secret min- istry, unhelped by any wind," and hangs up the eave-drops "in silent icicles." For 10 points, name this conversa- tion poem by Samuel Taylor Coleridge. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 NASAT // rd: 20 | |
| tossup 707 went dead. -- 23:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: With Tancred of Lecce, this leader signed the Treaty of Messina, which freed his sister Joan and declared Arthur of Brittany to be his heir. This ruler separated the regulation of one group's business by starting the Exchequer of the Jews. This king won the Battle of Arsuf, which gave him possession of Joppa. This ruler supposedly laid siege to the castle Chalus for a hoard of gold, which led to his death by crossbow. Henry VI required 150,000 marks be paid as a ransom to free this leader after his capture on return from the Third Crusade. For 10 points, name this son of Eleanor of Aquitaine and successor of Henry II as king of England, whose epithet refers to his courage in battle. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ACF Fall // rd: Maryland A.doc | |
| tossup 708 went dead. -- 23:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A girl named Laura in this story loves a young man who is a talented pitcher and can sing "Drink to me only with thine eyes." The titular character purchases a pipe and makes fudge for a summer festival. Throughout this story, characters quote "'Tis better to have loved and lost," but mistakenly identify Tennyson as American. Dealing with a husband's suspicions of his wife's faithfulness, FTP, identify this story by Sui Sin Far about the titular Chinese-American woman. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Minnesota Open Lit // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 709 went dead. -- 23:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A ruler of this empire defeated twelve kings at the Battle of Qarqar, which is described on the Kurkhmonolith. During one campaign, this empire's army retreated after a plague of mice chewed throughtheir bowstrings. After being deposed, this empire's final king allied with Necho II but was defeated atCarchemish. This non-Median empire warred with the mountain-dwelling Urartu people and built statuesof man-headed winged bulls called lamassu. Essahardon and Tiglath-Pileser III ruled this empire duringits "neo" period. The Venus tablet was found in a library built in this empire's capital by its kingAshurbanipal. For 10 points, name this ancient empire whose kings ruled from Nineveh. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Fall // rd: Rockford Auburn A + Cal Poly SLO | |
| tossup 710 went dead. -- 23:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The toxin streptolysin O works by binding to this compound. This compound is hydroxylated twice prior to reacting with HSD3B7 in the beginning of an "acidic pathway" which converts it to CDCA. Type C Niemann-Pick disease is typically diag- nosed by filipin staining to detect the presence of this compound. This compound and its fungal analogue can be removed from cells by nystatin, amphotericin B, or methyl-beta-cyclodextrin. The enzymes DHCR7 and CYP51 catalyze the biosynthesis of this compound, which is regulated by the transcription factor SREBP-2. Macrophages which have ingested large amounts of this compound turn into foam cells. This compound is the starting point for the synthesis of bile acids in the liver. This compound's synthesis includes intermediates such as mevalonate and squalene and is suppressed by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. For 10 points, name this steroid whose levels are lowered by statins, which is carried by HDL and LDL in its good and bad forms. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 19 | |
| tossup 711 went dead. -- 23:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The g-factor resulting from this phenomenon for an electron is slightly greater than two. A “crisis” about this quantity for a proton arose in 1987 and is still unsolved. Sigma one, sigma two, and sigma three denote Hermitian matrices that calculate this quantity named for Wolfgang Pauli. Silver atoms fired through an inhomogeneous magnetic field demonstrated that this value is quantized in an experiment conducted by Stern and Gerlach. This property has integer values for bosons and half-integer values for fermions. For 10 points, name this quantity, the intrinsic angular momentum of a particle. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ACF Fall // rd: Editors_2 | |
| tossup 712 went dead. -- 23:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poem relates how Daedalus twice tried and failed to fashion a golden sculpture of Icarus's death to adorn the gates of the building where Deiphobe writes on oak leaves. At one point in this poem, roots and vines begin to bleed before revealing themselves as the remains of the slain Polydorus. This poem's title character, an embodiment of pietas, is referred to in its opening line, "I sing of (*) arms and the man". The sight of Pallas's belt enrages its protagonist, who then denies mercy to the Rutulian chieftain Turnus. Its protagonist flees home carrying his father Anchises and takes his son Ascanius to Carthage, where he breaks Dido's heart. For 10 points, name this epic poem about a Trojan prince, written by Virgil. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 5.pdf | |
| tossup 713 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man was court-martialed after retreating from Fort Ticonderoga during the American Revolution. He was president under the Articles of Confederation when the Northwest Ordinance was passed. For 10 points, name this man, whose biggest claim to fame is getting his ass kicked at the battle of the Wabash by Little Turtle and Blue Jacket in the worst army loss to Native American forces. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Cheyne American History // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 714 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man wrote a dramatic poem about a character tormented by the death of Astarte who summons seven spirits. This author of Manfred wrote that the "widows of Ashur are loud in their wail" as "the Assyrian came down like the wolf on the fold" in "The (*) Destruction of Sennacherib." This poet notes "every raven tress" of a woman in whom "all that's best of dark and bright / Meet in her aspect and eyes" and who is "like the night." He reverted a trope by writing about a Spaniard who is easily seduced by women. An archetypal jaded hero is named after, for 10 points, what English Romantic poet of "Don Juan" and "She Walks in Beauty?" | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 JAMES // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 715 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Sandra Day O'Connor was awarded this three years into her Supreme Court term, and other recipients include Walter Cronkite (1989) and Cesar Chavez (1992). This award's general policy is to recognize an individual for their body of work, especially relating to education, but current elected officeholders, with the notable exception of Barry Goldwater in 1961, are ineligible for the award, as are major financial donors. For 10 points, name this award denied to Barack Obama after he agreed to speak at the awarding institution's 2009 spring commencement. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Guerrilla at ICT // rd: ASU | |
| tossup 716 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A Charles Simic poem likens some of these objects to “Green Buddhas.” Gary Soto recalls his first time walking with a girl and buying her some chocolate in a poem titled for these objects. The speaker remarks that, like one of these objects, “everything dissolves: justice, pine, hair, woman, you and I” and ends by naming that object three times, in Robert Hass’ “Meditation at Lagunitas.” The “solace” of these objects “[seem] to fill the air” and comfort the title figure of the poem “To a Poor Old Woman.” The speaker of a poem partially titled for these objects cannot “rub the strangeness from my sight” and compares his sleep to a woodchuck’s. That poem begins by describing a (*) “long two-pointed [ladder] sticking through a tree.” Some of these objects “you were probably / saving / for breakfast” are taken by the speaker, who says “they were delicious / so sweet / and so cold” For 10 points, what objects are found “in / the icebox” in William Carlos Williams’ “This is Just to Say.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: Words and Objects // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 717 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One reaction forms these compounds by reacting a carboxylic acid with hydrazoic acid in the presence of a protic catalyst. In another reaction, this functionality is added beta to a carbonyl carbon with the assistance of an activated formaldehyde molecule. Those are the Schmidt and Mannich reactions. Carbonyls are converted to an intermediate that is reduced to these compounds using sodium cyanoborohydride in their namesake (*) "reductive" synthesis. The application of silver oxide, water, and heat removes this functional group and leaves behind an alkene in the Hofmann elimination. These compounds, which can be synthesized via the Gabriel synthesis, often have a fishy smell. For 10 points, name these compounds that contain one or more alkyl or aryl groups around a basic nitrogen atom. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 STIMPY // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 718 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one novel by this author, The Professor always carries a suicide bomb, and Verloc is tasked with destroyingthe Greenwich Observatory. In another work by this author, Charles Gould uses his money to support Ribiera'sdictatorship of Costaguana. As well as The Secret Agent and Nostromo, this author wrote of a sailor who abandons asinking ship on its way to Mecca. The narrator of that work by this author finds a note reading "Exterminate all thebrutes" in a novel describing an insane ivory trader on the Congo River, whose last words are "The horror! Thehorror!" For 10 points, name this author of Lord Jim who wrote of Marlow and Kurtz in Heart of Darkness. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 BELLOCO // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 719 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Immigrants from Picardy who covertly practiced the Adamite heresy may have influenced this movement. This movement lost the Battle of Lipany, and moderate elements of this movement signed the Compacts of Basel. After its founder's death, this movement underwent a split between a faction named for a fortified town on the Lužnice (loozh-nee-cheh) River and the less radical Utraquists. This movement's leaders included Prokop the (*) Shaven and Jan Žižka (yahn zheezh-kah), and this movement pioneered the use of cannons mounted on wagon forts. This movement’s Taborite faction continued armed resistance for the longest. This movement denied Emperor Sigismund's authority as King of Bohemia, and the founder of this movement was burned at the stake at the Council of Constance. For 10 points, name this early Czech protestant movement. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Spartan Housewrite // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 720 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Precedent for this case's decision came from the earlier Strader v. Graham, and its decision also applied to Harriet Robinson. Justices Curtis and McLean dissented from this case, whose 7-2 ruling spurred the formulation of the Freeport Doctrine. Grounds for this suit came from John Emerson's move to Wisconsin with the plaintiff. This Supreme Court case, the second to strike down a federal statute, was won by John Sanford, and Chief Justice Taney's ("TAH-nee") in this case stripped Congress of the power to ban slavery in the territories. For 10 points, name this 1857 case which ruled African-Americans lacked citizenship rights. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 BHSAT // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 721 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One work by this author includes the political analyst Teddy Regler, who is loved by the dissatisfied Clara Veldt. In addition to A Theft, this author depicted Tommy Wilhelm's alienation from his father in Seize the Day. In another novel by this author, the title character recounts his marriage to [*] Madeline and writes a number of letters, while the protagonist of another novel is raised by Grandma Lausch. That novel opens with the line "I am an American, Chicago born." For 10 points, identify this author of Herzog and The Adventures of Augie March, a Jewish-American winner of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Literature. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 GDS Ben Cooper Memorial // rd: Ben Cooper 2010 Packet 6 COMPLETE.docx | |
| tossup 722 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The manufacturer of this material includes an application note for 3D carbon microfabrication, where the very amusing graphic of this material being pyrolyzed has a Paint-esque overlay of spiky orange, 3 signifying flame, a subtle underlay of smooth gray, signifying smoke, and a light source in the center signifying the ignition source. Instead of using HMDS, it's common to use the proprietary OmniCoatTMas an adhesion promoter for this material. The softbake and post-exposure bake for this material 6 normally requires two hot plates, as it is done in two steps: one at 65 Celsius, the other at 95 Cel- sius. It is notorious for being near-impossible to remove once hardbaked. The gamma butyro-lactone solvent used for its original formulation was replaced by cyclopentanone for its 2000 series. This (*)9 Microchem-peddled resist has an aspect ratio greater than 10:1 and can be up to 100 microns thick, making it ideal for MEMS applications. For 10 points, name this epoxy-based negative photoresist. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Claude Shannon Memorial Tournament // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 723 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one poem, a man who participates in this battle is drug around Eastern Europe naked as punishment for sleeping with the married Theresa. That poem opens with one side retreating from this battle and the protagonist recounting his service to (+) John II Casimir. Another poem which is titled for this battle sees the protagonist flee it only to be disturbed by losing his goddaughter and lover Maria Kochubei. That work ends with one king constructing a (*) monument of himself following this battle. Victor Hugo wrote a poem about a real life officer in this battle who attained the title Hetman and is the subject of the aforementioned poem by Lord Byron. For 10 points, identify this battle, the subject of a narrative poem by Pushkin where Ivan Mazeppa gained prominence during the Great Northern War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 XENOPHON // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 724 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Under this man, a major supporter waged a horrific reign of terror as chief of police that included dissolving the body of the Tricontinental Conference leader in a vat of acid, slaughtering 9 CGT activists in a metro station, and chucking peaceful demonstrators into the river. This man was opposed by the "Third Force," which TIME called a "rambling coalition of center parties," while the Union for Popular Movement is the largest (*) current party linked with his politics. He signed the Elysee Treaty with Adenauer and was nearly killed by the OAS over the Evian Accords, a ceasefire with the FLN, after replacing Rene Coty as President following the Algerian Crisis. The tumult of May 1968 led Georges Pompidou to replace this man, who had led the provisional government after Petain's Vichy regime was disbanded. For 10 points, name this first President of the Fifth Republic who also led the Free French during World War II. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Terrapin Invitational // rd: FINAL_UVA.doc | |
| tossup 725 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One person with this occupation is described as having hair that "curled like a lamb's back" before it was shaved off. Another of these people criticizes adults who "are gone to praise God and his priest and King" at Church. The former of these people envisions an angel coming down with a key to open up "coffins of black" and concludes, "If all do their duty, they need not fear harm." The latter person with this occupation is described as a "little black thing among the snow" in a poem whose cry, "'weep! 'weep!" echoes its companion poem in Songs of Innocence. For 10 points, name these subjects of two William Blake poems, children who worked as slave labor in a hazardous occupation emblematic of the Industrial Revolution. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 NASAT // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 726 went dead. -- 23:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this work was made to look hideous after smashing a crystal goblet, and another erased his name from the Book of Life and Death. That character was imprisoned after being angered by not being invited to a banquet. This 100 chapter episodic novel ends with the central party acquiring stone scripture tablets from (*) Buddha. Along with an irascible sand demon and a gluttonous man-pig, Sun Wukong is forced to accompany the monk Tripitaka in this epic, and Arthur Waley’s translation of it is simply titled Monkey. For 10 points, name this novel, a Chinese classic about an expedition in a certain direction. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 HFT XIII // rd: Round 5 | |
| tossup 727 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one story by this author, a man orchestrates a love triangle, but he is chased down and killed by a stonethrown by Fransine; that story is about the title councilor and struggling writer. Another of this author'sstories includes a smaller tale, "The Wine of the Tetrarch," which is told by a cardinal who is actually anactor in disguise; that story by this author begins a collection that also tells of the ghost of (*) Morton whospeaks to his sisters, Fanny and Eliza. This author of "The Poet" wrote of Prince Potenziani who asks Count Nino toimpregnate his wife in "The Roads Round Pisa" and also wrote of Calypso and Miss Malin in a story of a huge floodas part of a collection that includes "The Supper at Elsinore" and "The Deluge at Norderney." For 10 points, namethis author of Seven Gothic Tales as well as a memoir about time spent in Kenya titled Out of Africa. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Penn Bowl // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 728 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one of these poems by this author, the speaker tells three ghostly figures "in placid sandals, and in white robes" on the third time they pass by that they "cannot raise / [his] head cool-bedded in the flowery grass." Those three figures in that poem of this type are Love, Ambition, and Poesy. In another of these poems by this author, the speaker wishes to "leave the world unseen," realizes that "Beauty cannot keep her lustrous eyes," and wonders if the title creature's music was "a vision, or a waking dream." In another of these poems by this man, the speaker observes an "Attic shape" depicting a procession and opines that "beauty is truth, truth beauty." For 10 points, name these poems written by a British Romantic about such subjects as indolence, a nightingale, and a Grecian urn. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Regionals // rd: VCU A + Dorman HS | |
| tossup 729 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Numerical approximations using the physical Biot-Savart Law can estimate the noise in these devices caused byvortices and the resulting deviations from Glauert's model. The Savonius design for these devices uses scoops and isan example of their vertical-axis type. Ernest Boilée designed one named the éolienne. The ratio of speeds ofparticles entering to exiting these devices must be three-to-one to reach their theoretical maximum efficiency ofsixteen over twenty-seven. That 59.3 percent efficiency is the Betz Limit. Because both tip speed and torque affectthe power generated, they typically have three tips. Gansu, China is home to a large farm of these devices. For 10points, what machines use their blades to generate electricity from the movement of air? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Regionals // rd: Oxford A + Maryland C | |
| tossup 730 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One convention prior to this election saw the capitulation of New Jersey Governor George Silzer. One major dispute during that convention arose from Forney Johnston's attempt to have his party condemn a violent organization. Frank Lowden declined the vice presidential nomination at one convention, while at the other Lena Spring was a candidate for vice president and Jim Brandon repeatedly stated "Alabama casts 24 votes for Underwood." The latter convention saw both William McAdoo and Al Smith give up, leading to the nomination of Charles Wayland Brian and John Davis after 103 ballots. Marked by the "Klanbake," for 10 points, name this election won by Calvin Coolidge. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Sun n Fun // rd: Round by Shantanu Jha and Chris Ray.docx | |
| tossup 731 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Roberts Commission was created to justify this policy, and the Ringle Report was withheld to avoid public outcry over it. John DeWitt carried out this policy after the issuing of Executive Order 9066. Photographers Dorothea Lange and Ansel Adams documented this event as it occurred in camps such as Manzanar. This policy's legality was upheld in the 1944 Supreme Court case Korematsu v. United States. Suspicion of a certain ethnic group led to, for 10 points, what forced relocation of descendants of the Asian foes of the United States following that nation's attack on Pearl Harbor? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Fall // rd: Michigan A | |
| tossup 732 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: John Starr operated the largest whorehouse in this city, while the family of Lieutenant GovernorCharles de la Barre ran one of its most respectable taverns. Charles Vane was hanged at GallowsPoint in this city. Under Governor Edward D'Oley, some members of the Brethren of the Coast werelured to this city. One invasion of this city transferred control of Fort Cagway to the renamed FortCromwell and was conducted by Robert Venables and the elder William Penn. Some of this city fellinto the (*) sea during a 1692 earthquake. This city was nicknamed the "richest and wickedest city in theNew World" and was home to men like Henry Morgan. This city was eventually superseded by Kingston.For 10 points, name this Jamaican pirate headquarters. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 College History Bowl // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 733 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This government's founder justified his strategy of giving gifts to appease foes with the saying "war costs infinitely more." That founder set up six administrative bureaus modeled on the Byzantines called diwan and appointed foreign governors instead of relying on native elites like the preceding government's general Amr ibn al-'As. A governor and later ruler of this empire named Marwan created a council consisting of all surviving sahaba. This state was founded by a rebellious (*) Syrian governor who moved the capital to Damascus. The first, but not most authoritative, collections of hadith were ordered by a ruler of this state, which was founded by Mu'awiya I and succeeded a line of four rulers who were called "rightly guided" or Rashidun. For 10 points, identify this second Islamic caliphate. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 734 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Mackenzie King created facilities at Slocan Valley and Christina Lake after enacting this policy in Canada. Two men who were subjected to this policy were shot by Clarence Burleson in the Lordsburg Killings. This system’s enactment was partly influenced by the Niihau incident, in which a pilot who took part in the attack on (*) Pearl Harbor crashed into a Hawaiian island. Tule Lake and Manzanar were the locations of facilities for this system, and Korematsu v. United States protested this American practice, which was put forth in Executive Order 9066. For ten points, name this World War II measure taken by the United States against a specific East Asian peoples. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 LIST (Ladue Invitational Spring Tournament) VI // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 735 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: As an academic, this man published an American history entitled Division and Reunion and argued for a parliamentary system in his book, Congressional Government. He prevented a railroad strike by proposing the Adamson Act, and he also pushed the Clayton Antitrust Act through Congress. While governor of New Jersey, he established state primaries, reducing the influence of party bosses. He secretly provided money to the White Army in Russia, and suffered a partial stroke while seeking public support for the Treaty of Versailles. For 10 points, name this American president who served during World War I and advocated a League of Nations in his Fourteen Points. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Regionals // rd: Texas | |
| tossup 736 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The manipulation of these objects in order to produce certain expressions is known as index gymnastics. Riemann and Christo el name one of these objects used to express the curvature of manifolds. Contraction is an operation reducing the total order of these objects by two, and the most commonly used notation for these objects is Ricci calculus. Bilinear forms are examples of these objects which also include bivectors and linear transformations. One of these objects named for Cauchy is used to describe the stress of a material, and these objects describe linear relations like the inner product and cross product. For ten points, identify these objects which generalize vectors and matrices. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Math Monstrosity // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 737 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Harold Wilson alleged that MI5 was behind a plot to replace him with this man. This man led forces in Operation Tiderace, which liberated Singapore, and after serving as the head of South East Asia Command in that conflict he briefly served as First Sea Lord. This man was an important influence on his grand-nephew, Prince Charles, who called him "Honorary Grandfather". This man was killed on the same day as the Warrenpoint Ambush by Thomas MacMahon, an (*) IRA member who planted a bomb on his yacht, the Shadow V. In another position, this man failed to persuade Muhammad Ali Jinnah to form a unified nation and developed a close relationship with Jawaharlal Nehru while handing over power. For 10 points, name this British noble, the last Viceroy of India | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 738 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This location was where Teias, the last Ostrogoth king, camped and tried to secure a naval supply line before attacking the army of Narses in the Battle of Mons Lactarius. Before a second battle named for this location, Titus Manlius Torquatus instilled discipline in his troops by putting his own son to death for engaging the enemy without orders. At that same 340 BCE battle at this location, the Romans allied with the Samnites, and Publius Decius Mus performed a devotio self-sacrifice in a victory over the Latin League. In a third battle here, Praetor Gaius Claudius Glaber lost a siege when the defenders used vines to rappel from this location, leading to the first victory of Spartacus's revolt. The death of the admiral of the Misenum fleet and a plume shaped like an umbrella pine over this location were described in two letters to Tacitus written in 79 CE by Pliny the Younger. For 10 points, name this mountain by the Bay of Naples that destroyed nearby Herculaneum and Pompeii when it erupted. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Chicago Open // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 739 went dead. -- 23:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A woman called Meme (may-may) inquires of a man with this title after that ageing father buries a reclusive doctor. A character with this title is nearly swindled out of his dead son’s prize cockerel by Sabato; in that novel, partly titled for someone of this rank, that character visits the same office weekly for fifteen years, futilely hoping to receive a pension. The protagonist of Leaf Storm holds this rank, as does a character who dies by the same chestnut tree to which his mad father was tied. That character with this rank “remembers that distant afternoon when his father took him to discover ice” at the start of One Hundred Years of Solitude. For 10 points, “no one writes to” a person of what military rank, also held by Aureliano Buendia? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 NASAT // rd: 20 | |
| tossup 740 went dead. -- 23:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one novel in this language, a family throws lavish parties every night on their farm, including a Witch's Sabbath during which a woman swings around a black cat by the tail while riding a buck. In another novel in this language, a parson gathers the clothes of fallen soldiers, treating each as one piece of silver to count against Judas' thirty pieces. One poet of "cocktail-quatrains" in this language wrote a cabaret titled "Life is a hotel on the border," The Last Sunday by Elsa Joubert is written in this language, also used by (*) Hennie Aucamp. The Silberstein farm is the setting for a trilogy of novels by Etienne Leroux, a member of this language's "Sixtiers" movement. This language used in a novel in which Ben du Toit hunts for evidence of his former student Jonathan Ngubene's death in the custody of the Special Branch. For 10 points, name this non-English language used in Rumours of Rain and A Dry White Season by André Brink. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Chicago Open // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 741 went dead. -- 23:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This is the heaviest element found in an iodine-containing reagent that is used to detect ammonia in aqueous solution; that reagent is named for Nessler. In a now-disfavored variant of the chloralkali process, this element was floated beneath a brine solution, and an alloy of it with sodium was yielded as a byproduct. The acetate of this element in a plus-2 oxidation state is a reagent in an electrophilic anti-addition that converts an alkene (*) into an alcohol, and that reaction is typically followed by a sodium borohydride reduction which removes this element. This transition metal's dimethyl is a ridiculously potent neurotoxin that was responsible for the death of Karen Wetterhahn. Alloys containing this element are called amalgams. For 10 points, name this element, the only metal that is liquid at room temperature. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SUBMIT // rd: Yale A, OSU A | |
| tossup 742 went dead. -- 23:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One general in this battle was delayed as he had been successfully held at Quatre-Bras, and Karl von Brulow's troops were able to attack the other side on their eastern flank. That side's general was forced to use Georges Mouton to stop the advance, but another of that side's commanders, Michel Ney, captured a farmhouse and began artillery bombardment of the Allied position. Because the general on the French side waited for the ground to dry, Blucher was able to reach the battlefield in time to support Wellington's troops. For ten points, identify this battle fought during the Hundred Days in a Belgian town, a defeat for Napoleon that ended in exile on St. Helena. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 MUT // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 743 went dead. -- 23:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A 1935 film version of this work starred future "Pink Lady" Helen Gahagan as the titular character. This work features Horace Holly and Leo Vincey, who, after following the instructions off the Sherd of Amenartas, eventually discover a pillar of fire. One character in this work believes Vincey to be the reincarnation of her lover Kallikrates. FTP, name this work which introduced the immortal woman Ayesha, a serialized novel by H. Rider Haggard. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Minnesota Open Lit // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 744 went dead. -- 23:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a fictional society almost completely made of this substance, the designer of the Integral discovers the secrets of MEPHI. That engineer, D-503, appears in Yevgeny Zamyatin's novel We. In a novel by Peter Carey, Oscar and Lucinda make a bet over transporting a house made of this substance. An object made out of this substance is said to be "just like all the other horses", now that it is less "freakish", after the protagonist's crush breaks a unicorn made of this material. In that play, Laura Wingfield shows Jim a collection of toy animals made of this material. For 10 points, name this material describing the "menagerie" of a Tennessee Williams play. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Brookwood Invitational Scholars Bowl // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 745 went dead. -- 23:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man’s father revived the Roman coinage of denarii and solidi as the modern units “denier” or “penny,” shilling, and pound. This man commissioned four “Books” attacking an awful mistranslation of the Acts of the anti-Iconoclastic Second Council of Nicaea. One of this man’s sons captured the Ring of the Avars. His army killed thousands of Saxons led by Widukind at the Massacre of Verden. This man brought the scholar (*) Alcuin of York to his capital of Aachen. His grandfather defeated Abd er Rahman’s forces near Tours and was nicknamed “The Hammer.” For 10 points, what son of Pepin the Short was crowned Emperor of the Romans on Christmas Day, 800 A.D? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 BHSAT // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 746 went dead. -- 23:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one play by this author, a character uses swimming from Puerto Barrio Mexico to China as a euphemism for suicide and is fought over by Hannah and hotel owner Maxine Faulk. In that play, defrocked priest Reverend Shannon releases the title creature. In another play by this author of Night of the(*) Iguana, a character claims she has “always depended on the kindness of strangers.” Blanche DuBois and Stanley Kowalski are creations of, for 10 points, what author of A Streetcar Named Desire? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 WHAQ II // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 747 went dead. -- 23:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The change in a quantity describing this phenomenon is directly proportional to the square of an applied electricfield in the Kerr effect. In anisotropic crystals, polarization of light into ordinary and extraordinary rays causes thedouble form of this process, also known as birefringence. One law describing this process sets the ratio of the sinesof the angle of incidence and namesake angle equal to the ratio of two phase velocities. Dividing the speed of lightin a vacuum by the speed of light in a substance yields its namesake index, which appears in Snell's Law. For 10points, name this bending of light as it travels through a surface that separates two media. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 BELLOCO // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 748 went dead. -- 23:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A 2014 installation by Alex Chinneck of a melting wax house was titled “[This object] for 50 pence.” In a 2016 Howard Jacobson novel, Strulovitch replaces an agreement about this object with a deal that a football star undergo religious conversion. James Shapiro connects this object to Romans 2’s concept of “circumcision of the heart.” Before asking for this object, a play’s antagonist claims its owner always called him a dog and spat on him. That character says he’ll use this object “To bait fish withal” or “feed my revenge” before asking (*) “If you prick us, do we not bleed?” and “Hath not” he “eyes?” A woman disguised as the judge Balthazar denies that man this object because Christian blood cannot be shed after praising the “quality of mercy.” This object is requested in exchange for three thousand ducats to help Bassanio court Portia. For 10 points, name this object Shylock asks of Antonio in The Merchant of Venice, which he says shall be “cut from off his breast.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: Words and Objects // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 749 went dead. -- 23:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This king was the first commander to use a lighter cannon made from leather, an enterprise that failed almost immediately. He created a cavalry unit named after a term meaning “cut them down,” the Hackapelits. Pomerania allowed this king to occupy its territory in the Treaty of Stettin. He commanded armies that defeated (*) Count Tilly at the Battles of Rain and Breitenfeld. This man came to power after the death of his father Charles IX, and Axel Oxenstierna became regent after this man was killed leading his troops at the Battle of Lützen. For 10 points, name this Swedish king during the Thirty Years’ War, known as the “Lion of the North.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 750 went dead. -- 23:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The fashion designer Ruth Harkness brought back the first live one of these animals to the United States. The only two of these animals found in the Southern Hemisphere are at the Adelaide Zoo, with the female being named Funi. The World Wildlife Fund helped set up the Wolong National Nature Reserve to protect these endangered animals. A pair of musk oxen was sent to another country by the American President after the U.S. received two of these animals in 1972. Its "thumb" was the subject of an essay collection by Stephen Jay Gould. This animal, which mostly lives in mountain ranges in the Sichuan province, has a diet that is over ninety-nine percent bamboo. For 10 points, name this bear native to China, which has black patches around its eyes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 NASAT // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 751 went dead. -- 23:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One researcher in this experiment later named cosmic rays and determined that they were indeed originating from outer space. Gerald Horton claimed that this experiment was fraudulent because of unused data points in the published paper. The values determined in this experiment were off by about one percent because of an error in the (*) viscosity of air. This experiment used two electrically charged plates to suspend the namesake material in order to equate the force of gravity with electric force and measure terminal velocity. For 10 points, name this 1909 experiment which determined the elementary charge of an electron. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Prison Bowl X // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 752 went dead. -- 23:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The switched types of these devices are used as filters in integrated circuits and behave similarly to resistors. The common measurement of these devices is multiplied by resistance to calculate the time it takes them to discharge. These generally include an insulator called a dielectric between two conductors. Their common measurement is charge divided by electric potential difference. Name these devices whose strength is measured in farads. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Masonic // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 753 went dead. -- 23:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A play written in this language begins with a nonsense word resembling this language’s word for “shit.” In a play in this language, Claire and her sister act out sadomasochistic rituals based around the murder of their mistress. This language, which was used for Ubu the King and The Maids, was used for a play in which three characters are trapped in a room by a valet with no eyelids. Most playwrights associated with the Theater of the Absurd wrote primarily in this language, including Eugene Ionesco and Samuel Beckett. In a play in this language, Garcin (“gar-SAN”) remarks that “Hell is other people.” For 10 points, name this language used to write No Exit by Jean-Paul Sartre. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ACF Fall // rd: MIT_A,_Oxford_A,_Rutgers_B | |
| tossup 754 went dead. -- 23:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The character giving this speech ironically claims to have "neither wit, nor words, nor worth" to "stir men's blood". Its speaker describes thrice presenting its subject with "a kingly crown, which he did thrice refuse." Its speaker, who claims to be a "plain blunt man", incites its audience by showing them a tattered cloak, calling one tear "the most (*) unkindest cut of all". This speech thrice calls out a rival who claims its subject "was ambitious" and mocks that rival as "an honorable man." Its speaker asks the gods to judge how dearly its subject loved Brutus and notes that he came to bury, not praise, its subject. For 10 points, name this speech beginning "Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears," which is given after Caesar's assassination. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 PACE NSC // rd: 21 | |
| tossup 755 went dead. -- 23:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In peptide bonds, one of these phenomena produces a well-characterized signal designated "NV1." The intensity of these phenomena can be increased by d-p mixing or vibronic coupling. CT complexes can undergo LMCT or MLCT examples of these phenomena. In two types of diagrams depicting these phenomena, lines become curved due to the non-crossing rule. In one set of diagrams depicting the energies of these phenomena, both axes are normalized by the Racah parameter. Examples of this kind of process include intersystem crossing, where a difference in spin multiplicity allows this kind of process to occur in a non-radiative fashion. Sandwiching the electric dipole operator between the initial and final state wavefunctions for this process can be used to derive the fact that the azimuthal quantum number must change by plus or minus one, or this process is said to be "forbidden" according to a selection rule. For 10 points, name this process by which a molecule's electrons change energy levels. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 17 | |
| tossup 756 went dead. -- 23:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this novel has a friend named Alec whose urine turns blue when he takes Dodd's Kidney Pills. This novel's protagonist spills food on Owad as the climax of an argument about whether or not a family should send their sons to a Catholic school. The editor Mr. Burnett is fired from a newspaper where the main character of this work publishes his "Escape" stories. After his birth at Bissoondaye's hut, the protagonist of this novel is told to stay away from trees and water because he is born the wrong way and has six fingers. The protagonist of this work is married to Shama, who keeps retreating to Hanuman House, where the Tulsi family lives. For 10 points, name this novel in which fires keep preventing Mohun from building the title structure, a novel written by V. S. Naipaul. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Regionals // rd: Penn A - Northmont - Chicago B | |
| tossup 757 went dead. -- 23:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An assassination plot in this modern day country was led by the “six martyred ministers.” The Gapsin Coup and Imo Mutiny both took place in this country. The American merchant ship General Sherman was destroyed by this country after attempting to (*) trade with it, and the elites of this country were known as “men of the sacred bone,” or “yangban.” Sejong the Great led this country during part of its 500-year rule under the Joseon dynasty, and this country’s isolationist policy gave it the nickname of the “Hermit Kingdom.” For 10 points, name this modern day country now split along its namesake peninsula into North and South segments. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 758 went dead. -- 23:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Paola de Michelis examined the 1991 “jerk” affecting this structure, tying it in part to the Wolf Number. The CHAMP satellite provided a model of this structure truncated at the 10th degree, yielding 120 coefficients that describe it. That model of this structure is an alternative to the WMM, which can be found in almost all mobile phones. A “knee” in the power-spectrum of this structure was found by Langel and Estes who were examining Mauersberger and Lowes’ work that fitted variance of this structure using Gauss coefficients. A westward drift rate of about .2 degrees per a year comprises this structure’s secular variation, as given by the IGRF model. The Laschamp Event is one of many excursions that affect the strength of this structure. The Vine-Matthews-Morley Hypothesis theorizes that there are reversals of, for 10 points, what vector field that is generated by Earth’s dynamo? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Chicago Open // rd: Team 10 Sorice and Magin | |
| tossup 759 went dead. -- 23:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A potential derived from this law predicts energy quantized by half-integer multiples of Planck's constant time frequency. This equation predicts the energy required for an IR-active mode given the reduced mass of a molecule. In the most common test on an Instron device, this aw fails to predict behavior like work hardening or necking as the load increases. This equation models chemical bond vibrations with a quadratic potential energy dependence. A straight line on a (*) stress-strain curve is a consequence of this equation. It uses a proportionality constant which has units of Newtons divided by meters. This law predict a restoring force that is negative and proportional to the distance extended from equilibrium. For 10 points, name this law which applies. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 PACE NSC // rd: Round 2 | |
| tossup 760 went dead. -- 23:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One technique often performed in this state uses a Buchner funnel to extract a dissolved solid from a solvent. Another technique performed in this state uses a spin bar instead of boiling chips, because that variant does not need to heat the liquid. Water-traps and water aspirators are occasionally used in both the aforementioned namesake filtration and distillation techniques. Experiments carried out in this state usually require Pyrex or round-bottomed glassware because Erlenmeyer flasks or those with (*) cracks may spontaneously collapse. The two walls of a Dewar flask are separated by material in this state, which is often achieved by means of a pump. For 10 points, name this state in which a near-complete lack of vapors leads to extremely low pressure. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 PACE NSC // rd: 23 | |
| tossup 761 went dead. -- 23:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Oswald Tesimond and Henry Garnet may have learned about this event through the confessional. In the potentialaftermath of this event, one man favored kidnapping Prince Henry rather than Princess Elizabeth. This event wasfirst discovered through the Monteagle Letter. William Wade questioned one person involved with this event, whowas captured at around midnight in the tunnels underneath the intended target of this event. This event isremembered on the fifth of November with effigies of a co-conspirator of Robert Catesby. For 10 points, name thisevent which failed to kill James I and Parliament after Guy Fawkes failed to light charges. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 BELLOCO // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 762 went dead. -- 23:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man's wife Isabel published a heavily redacted posthumous biography that played up his secret conversion to Catholicism. In The City of the Saints, this person detailed the Mormon marriage practices he observed on his journey to meet Brigham Young. This man collaborated with Forster Fitzgerald Arbuthnot on a controversial English translation of the Ananga Ranga. This man got desperately sick while his companion John Speke went blind before their visit to Lake (*) Tanganyika during an expedition to find the source of the Nile. This explorer published the Kama Sutra in English and translated The Arabian Nights. In 1853, he disguised himself to join a caravan on the hajj. For 10 points, name this British explorer who journeyed to Mecca. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 PACE NSC // rd: 17 | |
| tossup 763 went dead. -- 23:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 4. Along with Wilhelm Meister, The New Heloise, and Don Quixote, this novel was purportedly Arthur Schopenhauer’s favorite, so much so that he asked his publisher to translate it to German. An entire paragraph in this book is filled with asterisks meant to represent the thoughts of one character. The phrase “every ball has its billet” is from this novel and is also quoted on the first page of Diderot’s (*) Jacques the Fatalist, which borrowed an entire passage from this novel. An episode in this novel focuses on Hafen Slawkenbergius, who wrote an entire treatise on noses. The 11 volumes that make up this novel were written over a period of 8 years. The title character of this novel is born with an abnormally flat nose, thanks to Dr. Slop, who made a mistake with his forceps while delivering him. For 10 points, name this novel about the “life and opinions” of the title character, written by Laurence Sterne. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Historature // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 764 went dead. -- 23:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Beverly Maeder drew a parallel between this poem's ninth stanza and Ralph Waldo Emerson's essay "Circles," arguing that its author's use of circular imagery suggests liminality. This poem's speaker claims that "I know noble accents / And lucid, inescapable rhythms" and wonders whether to prefer the beauty of inflections or the beauty of innuendoes. A character introduced late in this poem rides over (*) Connecticut in a glass coach and mistakes a shadow for some animals. Its final stanza begins with the statement "It was evening all afternoon." It opens by describing how, "Among twenty snowy mountains," the only thing moving was the eye of one of the title animals. For 10 points, name this Wallace Stevens poem that presents a number of views of an avian. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Listory // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 765 went dead. -- 23:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This place titles an essay that suggests to end your book with a quote saying “something about rainbows or renaissances,” which is one piece of advice on “How to Write About” this place. A poem titled for this place states that “upright man / Seeks his divinity by inflicting pain,” and describes the bitter irony of post-conflict calm as “the white peace contracted by the dead.” A 1962 conference is described in an essay that declares that the literature of this place “is, or will be, written in (*) English.” A poem begins “A wind is ruffling the tawny pelt / Of” this place, and asks whether the author can “choose between” this place “and the English language I love?” and how he can “turn from” this pace “and live?” For 10 points, Derek Walcott wrote a poem titled for “A Far Cry” from what continent that, along with Europe, produced his ancestors? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Sun God Invitational // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 766 went dead. -- 23:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The temperature of this region is calculated by using drag force to determine density and then using the density to find temperature. The anacoustic zone lies in this region of the atmosphere, and the International Space Station orbits in it. One part of this region interacts with the solar wind to produce auroras because it is filled with charged particles. That section is called the ionosphere, and this region is located below the exosphere and above the mesosphere. For 10 points, identify this largest region of the earth's atmosphere named for its extremely high temperature. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 767 went dead. -- 23:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A place of this type gets into financial trouble when a scheme to mine gold under a virgin gold forest in Costa Rica is exposed. In a novel with this setting, a man moves into his girlfriend's place after a passing airliner ejects the shit from its toilet into his apartment. A man televises his threat to kill a duck every day until he receives money in Richard Russo's novel Straight Man, which is set in one of these places. The novels Nice Work, Small World, and Changing Places form a "trilogy" of books by (*) David Lodge set in this kind of place. The eponymous Group in Mary McCarthy's novel is formed at one of these places. The protagonist of a novel with this setting falls asleep while smoking a cigarette and burns his lover's bedsheets, dates Christine Callaghan behind the back of her boyfriend Bertrand Welsh, and shows up outrageously drunk to his own lecture on "Merrie England." For 10 points, name this setting of novels such as Lucky Jim, whose protagonist is a medieval history professor. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 George Oppen // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 768 went dead. -- 23:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This woman was the granddaughter of the first man in Rome to fatten peacocks for sale, Marcus Aufidius Lurco. Tacitus reports a legal case involving Lucius Piso to demonstrate that Urgulania, by virtue of being this woman’s friend, was above the law. Her eldest son was a talented general whose troops erected a cenotaph, found in present-day Mainz, when he died after falling from his horse while fighting the Marcomanni. This woman, who was given her own house on the Palatine Hill, was accused of killing her husband’s nephew, Marcellus. Her husband married her after divorcing Scribonia, and Cassius Dio reports that she was given over in the wedding ceremony by her own former husband, Tiberius Claudius Nero, the father of her younger son, Drusus, and her older son, a future emperor. When her husband died, she was the first woman afforded the honorific “Augusta.†For 10 points, name this mother of Tiberius and wife of Octavian. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Chicago Open // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 769 went dead. -- 23:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In retaliation for this event, a group known as the Hunters led by 'Pirate Bill' Johnston captured the steamship Sir Robert Peel but were unable to operate it. A second incident similar to this event was prevented when the ship Barcelona was purchased by the US government and Rensselaer van Rensselaer was persuaded to retreat by Winfield Scott. This event eventually led to the trial of Alexander McLeod for the murder of Amos Durfee, who had been a supporter of the rebellion of William Lyon McKenzie and had been supplying him arms by boat until British troops intervened. For 10 points, name this event of 1837 where the namesake ship was burned in the waters above Niagara Falls. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Chicago Open History // rd: 2011 CO History Lafer Westbrook.doc | |
| tossup 770 went dead. -- 23:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The speaker of one of this author's poems recalls a conversation in which she is asked "Will you never love me?" amongst the "hunted hurrying people" in a subway station. The introductory poem to one of her volumes ends "And when I think of you, I am at rest." That collection also contains the poems "Night Song at Amalfi" and "Summer Night, Riverside," and an interlude entitled "Songs Out of Sorrow," and is called Love Songs. The speaker of one of her poems says, "When I am dead and over me bright April shakes out her rain-drenched hair, tho' you should lean above me broken-hearted, I shall not care." Another of her poems claims that "not one would mind, neither bird nor tree, if mankind perished utterly." That poem imagines "swallows circling with their shimmering sound" and appears in a Ray Bradbury story of the same name. For 10 points, name this poet of "There Will Come Soft Rains." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 771 went dead. -- 23:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The ratio of this value caused by grain collisions to that caused by a surrounding viscous fluid isthe Bagnold number. Fields of this quantity are created by adding a dislocation to a crystal. Thisquantity's second deviatoric invariant is the subject of von Mises' criterion. Conservation of angularmomentum dictates that the tensor form of this quantity is symmetric, and the terms of that matrixare restricted by Mohr's circles. Bingham plastics begin flowing after a cutoff value of this quantity.The off-diagonal elements of the (*) Cauchy tensor for this quantity are called shear. This quantity isplotted against strain in order to find Young's modulus. For 10 points, name this quantity, a force on acontinuous material that causes deformation. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 20 | |
| tossup 772 went dead. -- 23:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One far-right movement in this country used a Greek letter sigma as its symbol and was started by an author who attended its Week of Modern Art. Young officers called tenentes in this country rebelled against its system of patronage by landed coffee barons. The Integralists and a public works advocate of Gypsy descent named Juscelino Kubitschek hailed from this country, whose leaders once lived in (*) Catete Palace. One leader of this nation shot himself in 1954 after dissolving its legislature and copying tactics of European leader Antonio Salazar to run an "Estado Novo." For 10 points, name this country once ruled by Getulio Vargas and discovered by Pedro Alvares Cabral, a former Portugese colony. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 PACE NSC // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 773 went dead. -- 23:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this story describes how he has to step aside when men spit rice pudding at him, sincethey lose their appetite after experiencing a certain procedure for six hours straight. In this story, acharacter is discovered asleep at two in the morning despite being required to salute his captain everyhour, leading him to be whipped across the face. A gravestone in this story prophesies the return of aCommandant, who is revered by the Officer. In this story, the Officer attempts to write the words "Bejust!" on his own body, but is instead brutally killed by an electric execution machine. For 10 points,name this Franz Kafka story in which "the Traveler" visits a prison island. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Fall // rd: Colonel By A + Ottawa A | |
| tossup 774 went dead. -- 23:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One member of this family is inspired by a missionary's story of "brothers who lived in darknessand fear, ignorant of the love of God". The Scholarship Board employs a member of this family whoattends a college dance where he continually steps on the toes of a girl for whom he later arranges anabortion. This family includes a man who changes his name to "Isaac" and a man who moves toEngland, where he meets an (*) osu named Clara. The patriarch of this family wrestles Amalinze the cat,adopts and then kills Ikemefuna, and has his gun go off during Ezeudu's funeral, prompting his expulsionfrom Umuofia. For 10 points, identify this family which includes the protagonists of Chinua Achebe's NoLonger at Ease and Things Fall Apart. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 775 went dead. -- 23:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The poet of this work discussed its composition in his book The Cow Jumped Over the Moon, in which he stated that the inspiration for this poem came from a cloud vision he saw while walking down Bloor Street. The speaker of this poem learns how "time on a knife-edge can pass with the guessing of fragments/Remembered from poets", and one character in this poem kills a bird with a broken wing, asking, "Could you teach it to fly?" Though the speaker begins by describing "sunalive weekends" and "lengthening coltish/Muscles" as he and his companion "cut trails for the Survey", he eventually realizes that he was the one who didn't test his foothold, leading to the title character's fall down the Finger. For 10 points, name this poem in which Bob pushes the title character to a merciful death, the most well-known poem of Earle Birney | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Mavis Gallant Memorial // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 776 went dead. -- 23:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One king from this house named his former falconer Duke of Luynes. While serving as regent, that king's mother relied on the counsel of Leonora Galigai and Concino Concini until they were both killed. Another king from this house married the daughter of the loser of the War of the Polish Succession and was known as the "Much Beloved." The reign of yet another king from this dynasty was preceded by the regency of his mother, Anne of Austria. That king lost the Nine Years' War and a war that prevented another member of this family from holding the Spanish throne. The first king from this house quipped that his capital was "worth a mass" when he took the throne; that man was Henry of Navarre, who became Henry IV. For 10 points, name this primarily French ruling house that succeeded the Valois, whose members included Louis XIV and Louis XVI. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Michigan Fall Tournament // rd: Editors8 | |
| tossup 777 went dead. -- 23:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This thinker used the example of Jean Calas as evidence that all men should be brothers in his Treatise on Toleration. Historiographers credit this thinker's Essay on the Universal History, the Manners, and the Spirit of the Nations for the study of social history. This man frequently used the phrase "Crush the infamy." He popularized the myth of Newton's apple and also fought for inoculation in his Philosophical Letters on the English. He wrote that, "If God did not exist, it would be necessary to invent him." This author of a Philosophical Dictionary satirized theodicy in a book rationalizing that we "must cultivate our garden." For 10 points, name this Enlightenment wit who wrote Candide. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 NASAT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 778 went dead. -- 23:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An event in one of these places may have been planned by the de Clare family and was preceded by the Abbot of Gloucester's dream in which its subject was beaten up by Jesus. Late in life, Geoffrey Chaucer was appointed the deputy manager of one of these places in North Petherton. Restrictions on agistment were lifted by a charter named for this sort of place that was issued to supplement the Magna Carta. After causing an incident in one of these places, (*) Walter Tyrrell fled to France. Verderers' Courts enforced the namesake law of these places, and the medieval iron industry was centered in one of these placed called Dean. King William Rufus was killed by an arrow in the "New" one of these places. For 10 points, name this sort of place exemplified by Sherwood, where Robin Hood was legendarily based. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 SHEIKH // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 779 went dead. -- 23:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This leader lost power a7ter setting aside 23 percent of his country's land for utopian farming communities run by the Maharishi Heaven on Earth Development Company. This leader defeated an insurgency led by a man he refused to promote to chief game ranger, Adamson Mushala. This man cemented his dictatorial rule by banning the Committee of Fourteen led by his cabinet minister Sylvester Chisembele (chee-sem-bay-lay). Despite this leader's call for peaceful protests, his party organized the violent Cha-cha-cha campaign against British rule. To reduce dependence on countries ruled by white minority governments, this leader negotiated a Chinese-funded railway that provided access to the port of Dar es Salaam. This leader's vice president chaired the Chona Commission, which established this man's UNIP as the sole legal party. In the Mulungushi reforms, this leader nationalized his country's crucial copper mining industry. For 10 points, name this leader who was defeated in 1991 by Frederick Chiluba, the 3rst president of Zambia. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 ACF Nationals // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 780 went dead. -- 23:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this war, one man documented his support for the leader of the Red Flaggers who fled after an injury in Ojinaga. As part of the bloodshed of this conflict, six people were murdered in the Ruby Incident. This conflict saw numerous innocent people die in the related Bandit War and the Border War. As part of this war, a leader was assassinated at the end of the Ten Tragic Days. After this conflict, Plutarco Calles founded the PRI party, which ruled for a 70 year reign. Pascual Orozco and Emiliano Zapata partook in this war that saw the assassination of Victoriano Huerta and Fransico Madero. For 10 points, name this conflict where people like Pancho Villa helped establish a new government for Mexico. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Illinois Fall Tournament // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 781 went dead. -- 23:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Under pressure from the British, this ruler was forced to abolish the Ostend Company, which he had set up to conduct trade with the Indies. After an alliance with Russia backfired, this ruler was forced to give up Oltenia and Vojvodina to the Ottoman Turks in the Treaty of Belgrade. This ruler's advisors included Archbishop Emerich Eszterhazy. This ruler's capital was the site of a peace treaty that deposed Stanislaw Leszczynski [lesh-chin-ski] in favor of Augustus of Saxony; that treaty ended the War of Polish Succession. Apart from orchestrating the Treaty of Vienna, this ruler obtained Francis of Lorraine as a husband for his eldest daughter. For 10 points, name this Habsburg emperor who issued the Pragmatic Sanction, the father of Maria Theresa. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Chicago Open History // rd: 2011 CO History Arthur Byrne.doc | |
| tossup 782 went dead. -- 23:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author used phrases like "where the light of the senses / in lofty flames did rise" and "where to the flow of youth / God still showed himself" to describe the past in a poem that asks "What in this world should we all do with love and with faith?" This author's brother Bernhard is referred to as "the Angel in the House" in a novel that depicts his time living with Coelestin Just. He outlined a universal study of science and poetry calledencyclopedistics in his "notes for an encyclopedia," Das Allgemeine Brouillon. The Athenaeum published a collection by this author whose second section opens by asking "Must the morning always return? Will the despotism of the earthly never cease?" That collection by this man ends with the poem "Longing for Death." He stars in Penelope Fitzgerald's final novel, which depicts his love for Sophie von Kuhn and his obsession with the "blue flower." For 10 points, name this early German romantic poet, the author of Hymns to the Nigh | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 21 | |
| tossup 783 went dead. -- 23:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this novel has a cousin named Gilbert who looks just like him, and is left somebooks by Miller Nicholson. One character in this novel plays her lovers off each other to buy anexpensive coat and is named Hortense Briggs. While he is employed as a bellhop at theGreen-Davidson Hotel, the protagonist of this novel rides in a limousine which runs over a girl. Afterthe protagonist moves to Lycurgus to work in his uncle's factory, he pursues the wealthy (*) SondraFinchley. This novel was inspired by the real life case of Chester Gillette. After attempts to secure anabortion are unsuccessful, the protagonist of this work rows Roberta Alden out into Big Bittern Lake anddrowns her. For 10 points, name this naturalist novel about the downfall of Clyde Griffiths, a work ofTheodore Dreiser. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 VCU Open // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 784 went dead. -- 23:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: According to Gardner Cowles, this man's wife attempted to seduce Wendell Willkie and rule a world empire with him. This man used The Green Gang for financial support and as paramilitaries during the White Terror, and he launched the New Life Movement after consolidating his rule during the Central Plains war. Earlier, this man's Northern Expedition had toppled the Beiyang government, though his later pledge to establish a second (*) United Front was made under duress while being held by Marshal Zhang Xueliang [Zhang sh-ue liang] during the Xi'an incident. His final major military action was the defense of Chengdu, whereupon he fled to take up a position as the leader of the Kuomingtang on Formosa in 1949. For 10 points, identify this Nationalist leader who China, eventually overthrown by Mao Zedong. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 VCU Open (Sunday) // rd: Round 5.doc | |
| tossup 785 went dead. -- 23:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After the Johnstown Flood, this man rebuilt the city's library. He advocated large scalephilanthropy to fight wealth inequality in "The Gospel of Wealth;" this industrialist made hisfortune from a company purchased in 1901 by (*) J.P. Morgan. For 10 points, name this ScottishAmericanfounder of U.S. Steel, whose charity work included building numerous museums and libraries,as well as a namesake concert venue in New York City. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SCOP Novice // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 786 went dead. -- 23:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An insect in this work is given Persian slippers, which help a man measure the distance that the flea jumped. One figure in this play ignores the existence of Zeus, worshipping the goddesses who dwell above Mt. Olympus instead. An old man learns that his son justifies evil actions instead of learning how to confuse debtors. That horse race-loving son beats his own father over an incorrect citation of poetry, leading to the father's discontent with the Sophists in this play, which ends as the Thinkery is burned down. For 10 points, name this Aristophanes comedy that sees Strepsiades enroll his son Pheidippides into the school of Socrates. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 MUT // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 787 went dead. -- 23:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The opium-dealing antagonists of one novel by this author commit suicide in a club called Dove Cottage. In a novel by this author, the protagonist visits Margrave, Georgia, to see the death place of Blind Blake. That protagonist is arrested in a town called Despair and dropped in the neighbouring town called Hope in Nothing to Lose. A character created by this author repeats the saying ‘hope for the best, plan for the worst’. In 2020, this author announced that they would be retiring from novel writing and handing over to their brother, Andrew Grant. This author’s book One Shot was turned into a film named for their most famous protagonist starring Tom Cruise. For 10 points, name this author of the Jack Reacher series. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 Oxford Online // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 788 went dead. -- 23:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 14. In one of this author’s works, Josef Schwarz exchanges passports with the narrator before joining the French Foreign Legion, allowing the narrator to travel to America with his wife Ruth. This author of The Night in Lisbon also wrote about Ludwig feeling “pure” love for Genevieve Terhoven in the novel, The Black Obelisk. The protagonist of his most famous novel stabs (*) Gerard Duval and acquires the boots of Kemmerich. In that work, the schoolmaster Kantorek encourages his students to enlist in war. For ten points, identify this author who wrote about Paul Baumer’s experiences in World War I in All Quiet on the Western Front. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 LIST IV // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 789 went dead. -- 23:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This government passed the “villainous laws” after Auguste Vaillant’s bombing of its primary meeting place. The parliamentary character of this government was established following creation of the short-lived “Ordre moral” government and the dismissal of Jules Simon in the (*) Sixteenth of May Crisis. This government enacted the Jules Ferry Laws to reform secular education. Adolphe Thiers was effectively this government’s first president, and it was created following the Paris Commune and the deposition of Napoleon III. For 10 points, name this French government that succeeded the Second Empire and preceded the Vichy Regime. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 HFT X // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 790 went dead. -- 23:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man’s wife created a so-called “United Football Club” named for him that committed several murders, including that of Stompie Seipei (“say-pay”). This man organized a series of bombings on Dingane’s Day in 1961 after he and allies like Walter Sisulu broke away from exclusive non-violence. Percy Yutar oversaw this man’s prosecution in the Rivonia Trial, in which he was convicted for his leadership of Spear of the Nation. After spending 27 years in prison, including on Robben Island, this man was released by F. W. de Klerk and led the ANC to victory in his country’s first multiracial election. For 10 points, name this first post-Apartheid president of South Africa. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ACF Fall // rd: Editors_1 | |
| tossup 791 went dead. -- 23:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 10. In a story named for a person with this profession, three men who compete for the attention of the widow Wycherly. That work ends with the title character’s friends going to Florida to look for the fountain of youth. Another person with this job writes poems like “Fairy Tales” and “Hamlet” and is captured by Liberius and his Forest Brotherhood. That character’s love ends up marrying a man nicknamed “the Shooter,” Pasha Antipov. A series of vivisected monsters are created by a man with this profession on his namesake “island.” A man with this profession pursues (*) Lara. For 10 points, name this profession of Yuri Zhivago in a Boris Pasternak novel. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 BASK // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 792 went dead. -- 23:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A state of emergency in this nation was triggered by a pogrom during Black January. One president of this nation was targeted in a coup by Rovshan Javydov, which was partly backed by Turkey. One president of this country signed the "Contract of the Century" with a consortium of oil companies. This country's Popular Front was led by President Albufaz Elchibey until a coup in Ganja forced him to cede power to Heidar (*) Aliyev. The Bishkek Protocol ended a conflict between this nation and its western neighbor, which saw clashes at Susha and Sumgait and was intensified by a rush for weapons after the collapse of the Soviet Union. For 10 points, name this country that has a long-running dispute with Armenia over the region of Nagorno-Karabakh, with capital at Baku. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 793 went dead. -- 23:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One portion of this poem refers to the "bitten mouth," the "hungering teeth," the "entwined bodies," and the "mad coupling of hope and force." Another portion notes that "cold stars heave up" and "black birds migrate" after describing "the hard cold hour which the night fastens to all the timetables." The author describes a soul "winged and wounded" in the "childhood of mist" and compares this poem's subject to a "luckless slinger" and a "blind diver." This poem is the final entry in a collection translated by W.S. Merwin, after a poem which begins "tonight I can write the saddest lines." In the most oft-cited lines, the author of this poem states "it is the hour of departure" and exclaims "in you everything sank!" FTP, name this poem which appears after twenty love songs in a namesake collection by Pablo Neruda. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Chicago Open // rd: Grames | |
| tossup 794 went dead. -- 23:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Laucamacces became the ruler of this kingdom after Mezetulus led a revolt. One ruler of this kingdommarried a wife of his rival and then immediately poisoned her. This kingdom's capital was located at Cirta,and one of the Quintus Meltellus's earned a nickname from this province after defeating one of its kings atthe Battle of the Muthul. That king of this kingdom was betrayed by Bocchus. Another ruler of thiskingdom defeated his rival Cyphax at the Battle of the Great Plains of Bagbrabades and participated in theBattle of Zama. That ruler of this kingdom famously changed sides from the Carthaginians to the Romansin the Second Punic War. Another ruler of this kingdom earned Gaius Marius a triumph when he wascaptured and brought back to Rome following his namesake war. For ten points, name this kingdom innorthern Africa that was united by Masinissa and was involved in a war with Rome under Jugurtha. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 VCU Open // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 795 went dead. -- 23:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two of this non-water ligand are found at the active site in the ribonucleotide reductase enzyme. Each perovskite unit cell contains three of this anionic ligand. No transition metal complexes with octahedral symmetry and d-electron counts beyond five that contain this terminal ligand have been prepared. The active site of the (*) manganese-calcium complex at the core of photosystem II contains five of this ligand’s bridging type. Cytochrome P450 enzymes form a reactive intermediate in which iron is in a +4 oxidation state and bound to this ligand. That aforementioned “wall” of this anionic ligand is due to the nature of the double bond that it forms to its metal. The compound permanganate contains manganese bound to four of this anionic ligand. For 10 points, name this anion that forms ionic bonds to iron(III) ions in the mineral hematite. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Chicago Open // rd: 15 Play-in | |
| tossup 796 went dead. -- 23:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel, Blake Andrews visits one character in prison, revealing that that character's brother Hugh hasmarried Lady Edith. A character in this novel uses an object that he finds in an ornamental suit of armor to crackopen nuts. Miles Hendon meets a character at the gates of the Guildhall and is later made an earl in this novel, andanother character who lives on Offal Court was taught Latin by Father Andrew. At the end of this novel, the firsttitle character returns the Great Seal to verify his identity at the second title character's coronation. For 10 points,name this novel by Mark Twain, detailing the adventures of Tom Canty and Edward Tudor after they switch places. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 BELLOCO // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 797 went dead. -- 23:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Version 3.0 of this language, released in December 2008, is notably incompatible with previous versions. Code examples in this language often use the variable names "spam" and "eggs." In this language, one can use a negative index to count backwards from the end of a list. This language uses the Tkinter (T-K-"enter") package to provide graphics and implements a dynamic but strong typing system called duck typing. This interpreted language, which spells out the keywords "and" and "not" instead of using symbols, is designed to have easily readable syntax. For 10 points, name this programming language named for a sketch comedy show whose name begins with "Monty." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Fall // rd: Ottawa A | |
| tossup 798 went dead. -- 23:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Russell Schaedler names a group of eight common bacterial species that live in this habitat. Model species found in this habitat include theta·iota·omicron and fragilis from the Bacteroides genus. Barry Marshall won a Nobel Prize essentially for drinking a culture of a spiral bacterium discovered in this habitat. Bacteria here convert phylloquinone to menaquinone and ferment inulin into short-chain fatty acids. (*) H. pylori was discovered in this habitat. Bacteria that live in this place, the most diverse part of the microbiota, are called flora, and form a signalling axis with the brain. Ruminants use bacteria that colonize this habitat to hydrolyze cellulose. For 10 points, name this habitat of commensal bacteria that are transplanted during fecal replacements. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 799 went dead. -- 23:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character is deeply affected by the performance of a barbershop quartet called the Four-EyedBastards at his eighteenth anniversary party. He has a vision of "Adam and Eve in the golden depths"while staring at a pair of boots taken from Roland Weary, who later convinces Paul Lazzaro to kill thischaracter. This character attends the Ilium School of Optometry and marries Valencia Merble after he isreleased from the mental hospital where (*) Eliot Rosewater introduces him to the novels of Kilgore Trout, andhe has a child with Montana Wildhack after being abducted by aliens from Tralfamadore. For 10 points, name thischaracter who survives the firebombing of Dresden and becomes "unstuck in time", the protagonist of KurtVonnegut's Slaughterhouse-Five. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 PACE NSC // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 800 went dead. -- 23:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one novel set in this state, Kiwi trains as a pilot only to discover that his sister has run away with the ghost of Louis Thanksgiving, while Ava is raped by a character known as the Bird Man. That novel is named after a theme park here that rivals The World of Darkness and was written by Karen Russell. In another novel set in this state, Penny is bitten by a snake while looking for some pigs, and Jody Baxter bestows the name Flag upon a fawn that he adopts. This setting of Marjorie Rawlings's novel The Yearling is also the setting of a book in which Tea Cake contracts rabies after a devastating hurricane. That novel features this state's real life city of Eatonville and centers on Janie Crawford. For 10 points, name this state, the setting of Swamplandia! and Zora Neale Hurston's novels Their Eyes Were Watching God and Seraph on the Suwanee. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Michigan Fall Tournament // rd: Editors9 | |
| tossup 801 went dead. -- 23:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this man's major work says "Most white people I know are quite proud of having made Negroes into Bigger Thomases" during a discussion of Native Son and Lillian Smith's Strange Fruit with Tom Leighton. One of his characters is killed by the rabble-rouser Tomsson Black. This author of the autobiographical works The Quality of Hurt and My Life of Absurdity also wrote a novel in which a large sum of money which was intended for Deke O'Hara is stolen and hidden in a bale of cotton. That novel centers on two characters who also appear in the novels Plan B and The Real Cool Killers. He is most famous for a novel in which Madge Perkins accuses Bob Jones of rape, although his most enduring characters may be the Harlem detectives, Coffin Ed Johnson and Gravedigger Jones. For 10 points, name this author of If He Hollers Let Him Go. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 802 went dead. -- 23:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this novel tells a man who boasts of having a "British cannon" in his pants that "your whole brain's in the head of your penis and the head of your penis is as small as your brain." This novel's narrator learns another character's story after hearing him drunkenly recite the English poem "Those women of Flanders / Await the lost." That character is educated by Mr. and Mrs. Robinson in Cairo before becoming an economist in London. Near the end of this novel, Hosna is forced to marry Wad Rayyes, but kills him and then commits suicide when he tries to have sex with her. Ending with the narrator screaming for help while swimming in the Nile, this novel focuses on the story of a man who seduces Sheila Greenwood, Isabella Seymour, and Ann Hammond by making himself represent their fantasies of the Orient. That character is sentenced to seven years in prison for placing a knife between the breasts of his wife, Jean Morris, and pressing it into her with his chest as they have sex. For 10 points, name this novel about ► Mustafa Sa'eed, who destroys the lives of Englishwomen after emigrating from Sudan, written by Tayeb Salih. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Gaddis II // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 803 went dead. -- 23:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A small mean squared error can be obtained by focusing on rules that are functions of one of these things, according to the Rao-Blackwell theorem. A complete, sufficient one of these things is independent of an ancillary one according to Basu’s theorem. The factorization theorem uses the conditional of a random variable given one of these things to determine whether they are sufficient. These things can be detangled from nuisance parameters, which is possible to do by using the likelihood function, which itself is used to generate (*) estimators. These things can be calculated from an observed frequency distribution, distinguishing them from parameters, which are measures of a probability distribution. For 10 points, name these measures of a sample, such as the variance, range, and mean. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 MUT // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 804 went dead. -- 23:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Mordell names a special case of these where one value is an integer. Abelian varieties can be considered generalizations of these objects which cannot be parametrized by rational functions. Weierstrass names a function which de- scribes how to obtain the algebraic expression of one of these if one has the geometric object on which all of its points lie. These objects are de ned as the embeddings of tori on the complex projective plane. A conjecture stating that these objects are modular if they are rational was central to the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem. For ten points, identify these curves with equation y2 = a3 + ax + b. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Math Monstrosity // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 805 went dead. -- 23:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Stevens dissent in this case chided the majority for ignoring the still valid Palko test in favor of the "deeply rooted in this Nation's history and tradition" test from Duncan. Stevens also noted that "no amount of process can legitimize some deprivations" in support of his proposal to entirely replace incorporation with substantive due process analysis. The Thomas concurrence in this case suggested overturning the Slaughter-House Cases and reviving the Privileges or Immunities Clause. The majority opinion in this case, authored by Samuel Alito, maintained the validity of the incorporation of fundamental rights and found evidence in American history that the right to self-defense is fundamental. FTP, name this case which incorporated the earlier DC. v. Heller against the states, requiring state gun regulations to be Constitutional under the Second Amendment. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Chicago Open // rd: Teitler | |
| tossup 806 went dead. -- 23:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: “Pinners” or “froggers” are used on these pieces of equipment to perform spot assays. These pieces of equipment are often used with a heat-treated mixture that contains blood and is named for its “chocolate” appearance. These pieces of equipment are commonly used with a tryptone-containing liquid known as “LB.” A loop of wire is passed over the top of these pieces of equipment in (*) “streaking,” a technique developed by Robert Koch. These are the most common pieces of equipment used for 2D cell cultures and in vitro studies. For 10 points, name these circular pieces of laboratory glassware, which are often filled with agar and used to grow microorganisms. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 BHSAT // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 807 went dead. -- 23:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An independence movement among these peoples was known as the Mau movement, drawing from their word meaning"unwavering strength," and members wore blue uniforms with white stripes. A civil war among these people broke out in1886 after exile of their king Laupepa led to a contest between Tamasese and Iosefo for the right to rule. That civil war waswritten about in the book A Footnote to History, by a man who resided at Villa Vailima. These peoples witnessed a namesake"crisis" when the British warship Calliope failed to make peace between two other nations - those hostilities were ended by theTripartite Convention of 1889, which stripped these people of independence and partitioned their territory after the Siege ofApia. For 10 points, name these peoples who, until 1962, had their homeland split between Germany and the United States,which still claims an American territory of these people centered at Pago Pago. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Nationals // rd: Michigan State | |
| tossup 808 went dead. -- 23:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A treatise from this present-day country describes a trial by combat whereby a club-wielding man stands in a pit fighting a woman armed with a stone in a sling. This was the country of origin for a medieval treatise which depicts a woman teaching her student to use a sword and buckler. That early fencing treatise, once kept in the Tower of London, is known as I.33. The "plough," "ox," and "from the day" guard positions were taught by a man from this country, Paulus Kal. In the 16th century, some of this country's mercenaries were paid double forwielding large two-handed swords. Some of those mercenary pikemen fought in the Black Band, a group of renegade soldiers from this country who fought in both the Battle of Marignano and the Battle of Pavia in the service of the French king. For 10 points, name this country which used combat manuals known as fechtbuch, and where Georg von Frundsberg led the landsknechts. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: Columbia A and Columbia B | |
| tossup 809 went dead. -- 23:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: He fails to receive the 800 hundred dollars his grandfather gave his mother as she dies before telling him about the money. Among his acquaintances are Joe Welling, the local Standard Oil agent, and Seth Richmond to whom he confesses the identity of the girl he loves. Among the other girls he meets are Louise Trunnion, to whom he loses his virginity, and Kate Swift, a teacher with whom he flirts. He works for the Eagle, the local newspaper, but abandons that job and leaves after his encounter with Helen White, who was back from college in Cleveland. He does not appear in any of the four parts of "Godliness" or in the first story, "Hands," but is still the central character in a 1919 collection of short stories. FTP, name this Sherwood Anderson character, a young resident of Winesburg, Ohio. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 VCU Open // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 810 went dead. -- 23:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this short story tells a story about a watermelon carved with the initials "E.A.T.". Later in this short story, that character reprimands a woman for trying to steal a child while at a filling station managed by Red Sammy Butts. One character in this story causes an accident when she remembers that she used to live in Tennessee, not Georgia. That accident in this short story occurs during a road trip that Bailey Boy and his family take to Florida. For 10 points, name this short story by Flannery O'Connor, which ends when the Grandmother is shot by the escaped criminal the Misfit. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Fall // rd: Oxford A and Virginia A and Ottawa A | |
| tossup 811 went dead. -- 23:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A group that opposed this figure was the Freedom and People's Rights movement, which pushed for agricultural tax reform. This politician labeled minority groups of his nation as "internal others", and those people were brought to work at the so-called "model workplaces" which included the disgusting Ashio Copper Mine. During this man's reign, Okubo Toshimichi took a strong stance against the policy of Seikanron which called for an invasion of Korea, and this man's kingdom was subject to the Unequal Treaties. This man saw his nation split in the Boshin War, and his forces defeated Saigo Takamori in the Satsuma Rebellion. This man brought in Prussian advisors to implement Western policies on his namesake Constitution. For 10 points identify this ruler of Japan who was the first emperor to hold power after the dissolution of the Tokugawa Shogunate, the namesake of a restoration. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn Bowl // rd: GMU | |
| tossup 812 went dead. -- 23:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Examples of these objects found in the bottom-left corner of an HR diagram include DAV and ZZ Ceti. The transition between helium 1+ and 2+ drives the kappa mechanism, which powers the behavior of some of these objects. Henrietta Leavitt discovered one type of these stars and Harlow Shapley used another type to calculate the size of the Milky Way. Period–luminosity relations are commonly determined for these stars. Examples of them used as standard candles to calculate astronomic differences are RR Lyrae and Cepheids. Found on the instability strip of an HR diagram are, for 10 points, what stars whose luminosity undergoes changes? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Fall // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 813 went dead. -- 23:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Phil Baran’s psychotrimine synthesis used an oxidized form of ortho-iodoaniline as a surrogate cation of this compound. The dimethyl acetal (“ASS-uh-tal”) of DMF and pyrrolidine react with an o-nitrotoluene to give an intermediate that is reductively cyclized to form this compound. The alkaloid gramine can be prepared by Mannich reaction of dimethylamine and formaldehyde at this compound’s (*) C3 carbon, its most susceptible position to electrophilic aromatic substitution. The [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of an ene-hydrazine is the key step in a reaction that generates derivatives of this compound from a phenylhydrazine and a carbonyl (“car-bo-NEEL”) under acidic conditions. The Leimgruber–Batcho and Fischer syntheses prepare this compound. For 10 points, name this aromatic heterocycle that consists of fused pyrrole and benzene rings and is found in the side chain of tryptophan. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 Terrapin // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 814 went dead. -- 23:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man sometimes added a "u" to the spelling of his last name to give lectures on laughing gas. In 1842, this man's brother John murdered a man, chopped up the body, and then tried to ship the parts to New Orleans, but was found out when a shipping delay caused the corpse to rot. He operated a factory in Paterson, New Jersey and may have stolen the design for the invention that made him famous from John Pearson of Baltimore. In 1843, he secured a sizeable payment from the government for making tin-foil lined (*) cartridges. This man briefly set up a factory on the Thames after wowing visitors at the Crystal Palace exhibition with interchangeable parts. Sam Walker of the Texas Rangers insisted that his force be supplied by this man's namesake company, since that product was capable of firing multiple rounds without being reloaded. For 10 points, name this man who invented a namesake revolver. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 We Have Never Been Modern // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 815 went dead. -- 23:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one story by this author, Sister Cecilia brings in three Mexican musicians to a hospital to play for the wounded Cayetano, while the writer Frazer listens to the third title entity. "The Gambler, the Nun, and the Radio" came after this author's story in which a character only called "the American" notes a symbolic cloud passing over a fertile valley near the Ebro, beyond which lies hills which may represent his female companion's impending baby bump. Another story by this author sees the "older waiter" describe everything in the world as "nada." "Hills Like White Elephants" and "A Clean, Well Lighted Place" are stories by, FTP, what American who also wrote the novel The Old Man and the Sea? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Delta Burke // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 816 went dead. -- 23:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Early in life, he helped prepare Wolfe's attack on Quebec by mapping the estuary of the St. Lawrence River. He helped prevent scurvy by packing sauerkraut on his first voyage, a trip meant to observe the passage of Venus in front of the Sun from a particular location that was once known as George III. His second voyage was meant to determine the status of a land that he had previously studied in his first voyage and was once known as New Holland. However, he may be most well known for his third voyage, where it is believed he was thought to be the god Lono after landing at a group of islands he named the Sandwich Islands. FTP, name this explorer who commanded the Endeavour and Resolution, a 18th century British explorer who died in Hawaii after mapping much of New Zealand and Australia. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 BATE // rd: Finals 1.doc | |
| tossup 817 went dead. -- 23:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one of this author's novels, a gold-whiskered swindler fathers Erica with a woman he marries to square his debts with the diabolical Herr Kesselmeyer. One of this author's characters seduces the wife and daughter of Professor Kukuck and goes on a world tour disguised as the Marquis de Venosta. Another of this author's works chronicles the title artist's infatuations with his friend Hans Hanssen and the dancer (*) Ingeborg Holm. In another novel by this author of Felix Krull and Tonio Kroger, the death of Hanno signals the final demise of a merchant family in Lubeck. For 10 points, name this German author of Buddenbrooks who created Hans Castorp in The Magic Mountain. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Missiles of October // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 818 went dead. -- 23:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Description acceptable. The Russian Emperor Paul I had a secret plan to perform this action, his namesake march, which involved crossing of the Caspian Sea. Some scholars speculate that the Aryan peoples ended a civilization that created the “dancing girl” statue in the process of doing this. (*) Alexander the Great began an attempt to do this thing following his defeat King Porus at the Battle of the Hydaspes in 326 B.C. A British multinational company famously carried out this process successfully, ultimately subduing numerous independent states. For 10 points, name this action in which a force attempts to enter a county which has its modern capital at New Delhi. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Prison Bowl X // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 819 went dead. -- 23:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Nathan Willcox was besieged in the Angel Inn in Oxford in a precursor to this conflict, and heard chants for Ormond and Bolingbroke, two leaders of this conflict. The Disarming Act was enforced by Maj. Gen. Wade after this conflict. The rebels were forced to withdraw at Sheriffmuir (*) under the leadership of Erskine, Duke of Mar. After defeats at Sheriffmuir and Preston, the Old Pretender was forced to return to France. For 10 points, name this numerical Jacobite rebellion of the early 18th century. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 FICHTE // rd: 03_fichte09.doc | |
| tossup 820 went dead. -- 23:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Numerous prisoners of war were killed in this country during the Cowra breakout. A mentally deficient man angry over his father’s failure to acquire a bed and breakfast murdered thirty-five people at a tourist site in this country, leading to increased gun control laws. In 2012, a conservative radio host in this country suggested its then-leader’s late father “died of shame.” This country celebrates “National Sorry Day” and a recent leader of it apologized to the families that were part of the (*) Stolen Generations, indigenous children that were forcibly taken by governmental or religious agencies. The “bushranger” Ned Kelly was active here, and its unofficial national anthem is “Waltzing Matilda.” For 10 points, name this country whose Prime Ministers have included Kevin Rudd and Julia Gillard. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 MUT // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 821 went dead. -- 23:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a short story whose title comes from this poem, the Jewish George Bland kills himself after being informedhe's not good enough to be a concert pianist. The speaker of this poem wishes to forget "where palsy shakes a few,sad last gray hairs" and "where youth grows pale, and spectre-thin, and dies." The speaker of this poem mentions"faery lands (*) forlorn," prompting him to exclaim that the word "forlorn" is like a bell "to toll me back from theeto my sole self." W. Somerset Maugham's story "Alien Corn" gets its title from this poem's line about "the sad heartof Ruth." This poem's speaker has "been half in love with easeful Death" and asks "Was it a vision, or a wakingdream?" For 10 points, name this Keats poem about an "immortal Bird." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 VCU Open // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 822 went dead. -- 23:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In 1939, Frank Murphy indicted people for their work recruiting members of this group. Carmelo Delgado Delgado died with this group, while future Hollywood Ten member Alvah Bessie was a member. Their anthem was the "Valley of Jarama" and former members were not considered for officer commissions during World War II. For 10 points, name this volunteer group who fought in the Spanish Civil War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Cheyne American History // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 823 went dead. -- 23:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Compounds that perform this interaction including TAMRA and MGB are usually present on the three-prime end of a TaqMan probe used in real-time PCR. Compounds that are involved in this interaction include Dabsyl and QXL. For a solution of quinine, chloride ions are often used to perform this action. The concentration of a substance which causes this interaction is found in the Stern-Volmer relationship, and a short range interaction of this type is called the (*) Dexter electron transfer. Molecular oxygen participates in this interaction easily due to its triplet ground state. Compounds that are involved in this interaction typically can participate in non-radiative interactions, or convert excited state energy into heat, in which case they are considered "dark". This kind of interaction will lower the quantum yield of other processes. For 10 points, name this kind of process that lowers the fluorescence of a substance. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 824 went dead. -- 23:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author’s reading of Pietro Cerone and Athanasius Kircher inspired a now-lost music theory treatise titled for the “snail”-like spiral of justly-tuned fifths. This author’s design for a triumphal arch is described in the Allegorical Neptune. A letter by this author muses that “if Aristotle had cooked, he would have written a great deal more.” A long poem by this author ends by describing how the sun “with just light and distributive order, gave all things visible their colors...the world illuminated with more certain light.” That poem by this author begins by describing a (*) shadow that is “pyramidal, funereal.” This author defended the possibility of learning through “feminine” activities in an essay that arguing that intellects have no gender since they all originate from the Divine. For 10 points, name this author of the Reply to Sister Filotea and the long poem “First Dream,” a nun from colonial Mexico. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PIANO // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 825 went dead. -- 23:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This country's 1891 civil war began after the oligarchical Congress refused to approve the budget of President Jose Balmaceda. This country's Mapuche Indians participated in a war initiated by the campaigns of Pedro de Valdivia. After independence, power over this country devolved to the pelucones, led by a powerful and manipulative merchant named Diego Portales. It was later found guilty of weapons smuggling in the (*) Cuban Packages Scandal. This country healed its economy by hiring American-trained economists called the "Chicago Boys." Another president of this country nationalized its copper mines, eventually leading to his overthrow in a CIA-backed coup.For ten points, name this country, which was ruled by Augusto Pinochet and Salvador Allende. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Missiles of October // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 826 went dead. -- 23:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An attack on this state’s future capital was the most successful post-betrayal command of Benedict Arnold, who was leading a group of fellow turncoats called “green-coats.” The British crown imposed the Two Penny Act on this state’s main crop. A leader of this state invoked calls of treason when he said “Caesar had his Brutus, Charles I his Cromwell, and George III may profit by their example.” The (*) Parson’s Cause took place in this state, which names the so-called “large state plan” proposed during the Constitutional Convention. Several “resolves” were issued in the House of Burgesses by a man who declared “give me liberty or give me death.” For 10 points, what British colony was the home of Patrick Henry, as well as the town of Williamsburg? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 827 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Asymmetric induction occurs with Felkin–Anh selectivity or by a mechanism named for this process. This process can explain why, all else equal, the stability constant beta-1,1 ("beta one one") is usually greater than beta-1,2 ("beta one two"). The effect named for this process explains why siderophores (sih-DER-oh-fores) have such low K-sub-m values. The chirality of propeller compounds formed by this process is labeled lambda or delta. Complexometric titrations rely on titrants that can effect this process, which, unusually, is controlled by entropy. Ethylene·di·amine, or "en," and its tetra-acetic ("tetra"-ah-SEE-tik) acid derivative E·D·T·A facilitate this process because they're polydentate. For 10 points, what process, in which metals are surrounded by a clawlike ligand, is o⧔en used to treat heavy metal poisoning? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 ACF Regionals // rd: L | |
| tossup 828 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An author born in this country wrote about a professor who spreads hepatitis through a town after being released from prison in the short story "Saboteur." A special investigator visits a coal mine to follow up on reports of cannibalism in a satirical novel set in this country titled Republic of Wine. That author's "hallucinatory realism" was cited in the Nobel Prize committee's decision to award him the prize in 2012. Another author from this country wrote about a character's attempts to discover the title location after being misdiagnosed with lung cancer in the novel Soul Mountain. For 10 points, name this birthplace of Ha Jin, Mo Yan and Gao Xingjian. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Fall // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 829 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Mice in which the Ikaros transcription factor has been displaced exhibit a complete lack of cells of this kind, and in order to survive the earliest stage of development, cells of this type require contact with stromal cells. The marginal zone variant of these cells are characterized by a lack of CD5 expression, and activation of these cells results in the translocation of their namesake signaling complex into lipid rafts while excluding CD22 and CD45. These cells can be recruited by (*) clonally expanded effector helpers after those helper cells have interacted with activated dendritic cells. Upon exposure to antigens, cells of this type differentiate into plasma cells and secrete antibodies. Produced in humans in the fetal liver and later in bone marrow, for 10 points, identify these cells of the immune system which are responsible for humoral immunity. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BARGE // rd: Richard Borty | |
| tossup 830 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these texts discusses a bear who wishes to ban both teeth and horns and is called "A Disarmament Fable." Another of these pieces is usually named for a line proclaiming intent to "lift again the tattered flag." Another of these works laments that "the lights are going out." Another predicts that, even in a thousand years, "men will still say this was their (*) finest hour," and another promises "we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds." One of these from 1946 coined the phrase "special relationship" and warned, "From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent." For 10 points, identify these addresses given by a British prime minister. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 PACE NSC // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 831 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A novel by this author contains the short story "Wandering Willie's Tale" within it and is named for a Jacobite who kidnaps his nephew Darsie Latimer in order to help restore Prince Charles Edward to the throne. William Thackeray wrote a sequel to one of this writer's books in which the title character defeats Brian de Bois-Guilbert and Reginald Front-de-Beuf while disguised as a (*) disinherited knight. In that book by this author of Redgauntlet, the title character besieges Torquilstone to rescue Isaac the Jew and his daughter Rebecca. The title character of that novel by this author joins Richard I in the 3rd Crusade after his father Cedric disowns him for falling in love with his ward, the lady Rowena. For 10 points, name this author of Ivanhoe. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 PACE NSC // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 832 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: . Several characters in this poem are asked to "dig/the white-grape vineyard where the oil-press stood" to find a stone "blue as a vein o'er the Madonna's breast." At one point in this poem, the speaker boasts that he will use "choice LatinÂ…Tully's every word," whereas the inferior "Ulpian serves" his rival's "need." The speaker of this poem recalls how he bequeathed his sons "that brave Frascati villa with its bath," which he threatens to "give the Pope." At the beginning of this poem, the title character asks his sons to "draw round my bed," but wonders "is Anselm keeping back?" The dying speaker tries to incite the jealousy of his predecessor, (*) "Old Gandolf," by having the title object made of jasper or lapis lazuli. For 10 points, name this dramatic monologue about a clergyman, by Robert Browning. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Guerrilla at ICT // rd: Carson | |
| tossup 833 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one cartoon, this man is depicted carrying the sword of "preparedness" as he casts off the wings of "pacifism." This founder of the International Rescue Committee co-signed a manifesto with Bertrand Russell opposing the use of nuclear weapons. After the death of Chaim Weizmann, this man was offered the presidency of Israel. This man told his friend Linus Pauling that his biggest regret was signing a letter written by Leo Szilard and addressed to Franklin D. Roosevelt, which helped lead to the Manhattan Project. For 10 points, name this scientist who developed the theory of relativity. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Fall // rd: Georgia Tech B | |
| tossup 834 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this city, a group of fascists led by Oswald Mosley clashed with police in the Battle of Cable Street. A photograph taken atop this city's Daily Mail building was titled "St. Paul's Survives." A speaker in this city claimed "we shall defend our (*) Island, whatever the cost may be." Winston Churchill declared "we shall fight on the beaches" in, for ten points, what city's House of Commons, in the Parliament of the United Kingdom? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 SCOP MS 6 // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 835 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: "Negator" varieties of these devices exert constant force over their entire range of motion. They are attached to magnets in seismometers. The cantilevers of atomic force microscopes are approximated as these devices. To determine the density of the earth, Cavendish employed a torsional example of these devices, which can be used in hanging balances. Like that of capacitors, the namesake constant of these devices adds linearly in parallel. That constant has units of Newtons per meter and is multiplied by the negative of displacement to find the restoring force exerted on these devices in a law that relates stress and strain. For 10 points, name these sources of elastic energy whose stretching is described by Hooke's law. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Michigan Fall Tournament // rd: DartmouthJensen | |
| tossup 836 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This material was used to enclose a liquid drop and prevent evaporation while under high vacuum in a TEM technique for imaging nanocrystal formation. Hydrazine hydrate has been used to prepare this substance by reduction of its soluble oxide. Dirac cones are invoked to explain the (*) massless behaviour of electrons when travelling in this perfect semi-metal. Easily prepared by mechanical exfoliation using two pieces of sticky tape, for 10 points name this substance comprising a single layer of carbon atoms. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Cambridge Open // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 837 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man chaired the 40 Committee that authorized the CIA backed coup of Salvador Allende (Ah-YEN-day) in Chile. He negotiated with Zhou Enlai during Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China. As National Security Advisor, he applied the term "détente" [day-TAHNT] to relaxation of tensions with the Soviet Union. (*) For 10 points, name this Nobel Peace Prize winner and realpolitik advocate who served as Secretary of State at the end of the Vietnam War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 838 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The narrator of Proust's In Search of Lost Time befriends Berma, an actress specializing in this man's plays. In one of this man's plays, a woman confides to Phenice of her love for her "all-powerful" fiance, who cannot marry her because "Rome took a hatred to the name of King." In this man's only comedy, Leander and Isabelle trick Chicaneau and the insane Judge Dandin into allowing their marriage. This author of Les Plaideurs (lay-play-DUR) and Bajazet wrote about Xiphares (zi-FARE-ees) and Monime (mo-NEE-may) inheriting the kingdom of (*) Mithridates (MITH-ruh-DAY-teez) in another work. He wrote about Orestes' (aw-REST-eez) and Pyrrhus' competition for Hermione (her-MY-oh-nee), as well as a woman's rejection of Antiochus (an-TIE-oh-kus) and Titus (TIE-tuss). In his most famous play, Aricia (uh-REE-see-uh) is loved by Hippolytus (hip-PAUL-i-tus), the stepson and love interest of the insane title character, Theseus' wife. For 10 points, name this seventeenth-century French tragedian of Berenice, Andromaque, and Phedre. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Penn Bowl // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 839 went dead. -- 23:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The cyclotomic variety of these objects cannot be uniquely factored if p is greater than 23. Similar objects named for Eisentstein and Gauss are equal to a plus b times the cube root of minus one, and a plus b times the square root of minus one, respectively. The Gauss Lemma extends irreducibility from this polynomials with these as (*) coefficients to polynomials over Q. Cantor's Diagonalization proof showed this set has the same cardinality as the rationals, aleph null. The fundamental theorem of arithmetic implies that these can always be uniquely factored. For 10 points, name this countably infinite ring, the set of numbers that contain no fractional or decimal part forms, symbolized Z. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BARGE // rd: Ohio State A | |
| tossup 840 went dead. -- 23:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Drag modeled by this function of velocity arises from the energy need to move the medium, and is not analytically solvable in general. Potential energy extrema are all locally approximated by this type of function. The power dissipated by a resistor equals resistance times this function of current. This type of function is the potential of a system which is used to model diatomic molecules as harmonic oscillators. The denominator of the expression for gravitational force contains this function of distance. An object moving in uniform gravity follows this type of trajectory. For 10 points, identify this function, which is applied to velocity in the expression for kinetic energy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BHSAT // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 841 went dead. -- 23:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A poem criticizing this government program declares that "the millet is scattered over the ground, the leaves of the sweet potato are withered," which was used as evidence to ✴re a defense minister. A fake photo circulated by the government as part of this program appeared to show a wheat ✴eld supporting the weight of several children. Jasper Becker highlighted foreign news coverage of this program's deadly a⢄ermath in his book Hungry Ghosts. The effects of this program were exacerbated by the extermination of sparrows, which were labelled one of the "Four Pests." As part of this program's focus on steel production, household utensils were melted down in backyard furnaces. For 10 points, what program started in 1958 and attempted to rapidly modernize the economy of China? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 ACF Regionals // rd: J | |
| tossup 842 went dead. -- 23:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this politician's election campaign, management of the personalized account system of pensions became a non-issue, despite the opposing candidate being a billionaire and brother of the system's earlier organizer, Jose Pinera.An important health and defense advisor in the Concertacion coalition, she was rewarded with a ministry position in the administration of Ricardo Lagos. She was tortured before being exiled to Australia after her father died of a heart attack, which this woman's father suffered in captivity for his resistance to the rise of Pinochet. For 10 points, name this agnostic and Socialist divorcee and pediatrician, elected the first female President of notably catholic Chile in 2006. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 ACF Nationals // rd: r19- Editors 5.doc | |
| tossup 843 went dead. -- 23:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this novel carries a bag with her parent's bones in it and competes for the affections of Pietro Crespi with her sister. Her adoptive father is chained to a tree after going crazy and only speaks in Latin. Another character ascends to heaven while sewing sheets, whose name is Remedios the Beauty, and a plague of insomnia causes victims to forget their lives, which is cured by the gypsy MelquÃades. Golden fishes are made by Colonel Aureliano in, For 10 points, this novel set in Macondo that features the Buendia family, a work of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 844 went dead. -- 23:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: According to Plutarch, this politician would lock himself in his underground study to practice his mannerisms and then shave half of his head so that he’d be too embarrassed to leave. This man lambasted a “third-rate actor” over a dispute involving the offering of a golden crown. This statesman and Aeschines helped negotiate the (*) Peace of Philocrates before this man would denounce Aeschines for prosecuting Ctesiphon in the 330 BC oration “On the Crown.” Plutarch paralleled this statesman’s life with Cicero and describes this orator using pebbles to prevent stuttering. For 10 points, name this Athenian statesman who denounced Philip’s Macedonian imperialism in the Philippics. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ILLIAC // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 845 went dead. -- 23:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A law code from this city which supported the legality of personally owned units of elite soldiers called buccellarii was the Codex Euricianus. A ruler of this city proclaimed Avitus as Roman emperor before Ricimer defeated him at Placentia. This city was the capital of a kingdom founded by Wallia and most notably ruled by Euric, but it was captured shortly after defeat at Vouillé. This city was home to the bishop and former troubadour Folquet de Marseille, and Saint Dominic established the first community of his namesake order here. Joan, the heiress of this city, was wed to a brother of Louis IX by the terms of the 1229 Treaty of Paris. Clovis captured this city from the Visigoths, (*) who made it their first capital. The elder Simon de Montfort was killed while besieging this city. A ruler of this city built the castle Mons Peregrinus after capturing Tripoli, and that man refused the crown of Jerusalem and feuded with Bohemond during the First Crusade. A center of the Cathar heresy, this city became the capital of Languedoc after Septimania merged with its namesake county. For 10 points, name this city of southwestern France, ruled by several counts named Raymond. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 846 went dead. -- 23:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: his poet declared "We must uncenter our minds from ourselves" in a poem that asks "Now the spoiler has come; does it care?" and then replies "Not faintly". One poem by this author says to the reader: "You are not Catullus, you know, / To lampoon these crude sketches of Caesar". In a poem by him, a woman must ford a flooding river on horseback to provide Christmas presents for her daughter Christine, because her husband has forgotten to buy them. He notes that "the flower fades to make fruit, the fruit rots to make earth" in a poem that describes America "heavily thickening to (*) empire / And protest". One poem by this author of "Carmel Point" and "Be Angry at the Sun" describes an animal whose "broken pillar of the wing jags from the clotted shoulder". For 10 points, "Shine, Perishing Republic" is by what Californian environmentalist poet of works like "Roan Stallion" and "Hurt Hawks"? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 RILKE // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 847 went dead. -- 23:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character meets his closest friend through Stamford, and he was injured in the shoulder in Afghanistan. A modern adaption, in which he is played by Martin Freeman, sees him strapped into a bomb vest by Jim (*) Moriarty, and he was portrayed on film by Jude Law opposite Robert Downey Jr. The inspiration for the character of Dr. James Wilson on House, for 10 points, name this Doyle character, who lives at 221B Baker Street with Sherlock Holmes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 848 went dead. -- 23:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Named answer required. Robert Coleman Foster edited a pamphlet of testimony and narratives about this person's past. John Overton changed several important dates in testimony about her, and the Nashville Committee was in charge of putting out that pamphlet and deflecting other attacks on her family. Her marriage in Natchez had to be redone, among other reasons because the territory only recognized Catholic ceremonies at the time. Her future husband was a boarder at the house of Lewis Robards, whom this woman was married to at the time. Emily (*) Donelson served as hostess for an estate after this woman's death until Donelson was asked to leave for snubbing Peggy Eaton. This woman's husband blamed her death on his opponents accusations of bigamy and adultery. For 10 points, name this wife of Andrew Jackson. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open History // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 849 went dead. -- 23:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One form of this process is regulated by aquaporins. This process causes gas exchange inalveoli, and it distributes nutrients in flatworms. Protein channels are required for a"facilitated" form of this to occur. Oxygen (*) enters the cell via this process, and osmosis is atype of this process involving water. For 10 points, name this movement of particles from regions ofhigher concentration to regions of lower concentration. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 SCOP Novice // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 850 went dead. -- 23:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Those trying to escape the influence of this group are known as the "night commuters," for their need to walk several miles to secure camps before sleeping in order to avoid abduction. Some of this group's initial recruits were veterans of Alice Lakwena's Holy Spirit Movement, while others seek greater power for the Acholi ethnic group of former president Tito Okello. Frequently supported by Sudan, and led by Joseph Kony, this group opposes current president Yoweri Museveni and seeks to establish a new government based on the Ten Commandments. For 10 points, name this group which operates bases in eastern DR Congo and northern Uganda and is accused of a series of war crimes stemming from its twenty-year insurrection. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 VCU Open (Saturday) // rd: Round 1.doc | |
| tossup 851 went dead. -- 23:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The density parameter for the non-relativistic form of this falls off with the cube of the scale factor. Thissubstance dominated the universe from approximately 75,000 years after the Big-Bang until about 4 billionyears ago. Deviations in the expected orbital speed of galaxies suggests the presence of the (*) "dark" form ofthis. When it has the same mass but opposite charge and spin, it is deemed "anti." Solid, liquid, and gas are threestates of, for 10 points, what term for any substance that occupies space and has mass. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 852 went dead. -- 23:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Title Insurance Company employee Richard Bales did research casting doubt on Peg Leg Sullivan's role in this event. Robert Williams led teams reacting to this event that ended as W. D. Kerfoot reconstructed a real estate office. It caused City Council headquarters to move to the First Baptist Church. This event was preceded by a 98-day (*) drought and started at 137 DeKoven Street, where folklore has blamed this incident on Catherine O'Leary's cow kicking over a lantern. For 10 points—give this event that destroyed an Illinois city. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Philly Cheesteak // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 853 went dead. -- 23:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: He makes Joe, his guide, trek to Box Car Pond instead of taking the boat, something Joe hasn't done in sixteen years. He takes Ida Putiak, a manicure girl who works at the Pompeian Barber Shop, to the Biddlemeier's Inn, but he doesn't want her to "think [he's] getting fresh" when he asks her out. He dabbles in politics through his friendship with Seneca Doane. He visits a woman named Zilla after her husband is put in jail for shooting her in the arm, and he catches that husband, Paul (*) Reisling, in Chicago with May Arnold. He cheats on his wife Myra with Tanis Judique, whom he helps find a house. He is pressured to join the Good Citizens' League by Vergil Gunch and is the owner of a real-estate firm in the modern city of Zenith. For 10 points, name this title character of a 1920 novel by Sinclair Lewis. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ANGST // rd: Ottawa Ben | |
| tossup 854 went dead. -- 23:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these events was partly caused by Alexander Rigby's diversion of resources to his siege of Lathom House and took place at Bolton during the English Civil War. Another of these events occurred under the pretense that the MacDonald clan was too slow in pledging allegiance to William and Mary, but was motivated by its rivalry with the Campbells. The sister of Sweyn Forkbeard may have died during one of these events that was motivated by tributes and Danish raids against the English. In addition to ones named for Glencoe and St. Brice's Day, an event of this type occurred after a speech by Henry Hunt at a Manchester gathering in protest of poor economic conditions caused by the Corn Laws. For 10 points, name these violent events that include one called Peterloo. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Regionals // rd: Illinois A + Ottawa A | |
| tossup 855 went dead. -- 23:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: He provoked the ire of opposition movements by giving a decoration to General Bava Beccaris, whohad fired on rioters. He was head of state when his country joined the Triple Alliance with Germanyand (*) Austria, and later when the Battle of Adowa turned back his country from Ethiopia. For 10points— name this man assassinated by Gaetano Bresci in 1900, the father of Victor Emmanuel III andking of Italy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 FICHTE // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 856 went dead. -- 23:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The root-mean-square speed for particles in an ideal gas is equal to the square root of this number times R T over M. The electric field strength due to an electric dipole decays at this power of distance, and this constant is in the denominator of the moment of inertia of (*) a rod rotated about one end. The semi-major axis is raised to this power in one of Kepler’s laws, and jerk is this derivative of position with respective to time. A “law” states that as the surface area grows by the second power, the volume instead grows by this power. For 10 points, give this number, the number of spatial dimensions. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 HFT X // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 857 went dead. -- 23:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This mythographer wrote a story in which a member of a race of “Moon-Chewers” wears a mask made of fireflies, and battles against the Bats of the White Baths using “singing tablets.” Another work by this author depicts how the sculptor Ambiastro is killed by his own created art after he flees into a cave. This author of “The Legend of the Crystal Mask” conceived of his homeland as a palimpsest onto which various traditions are “piled on” and “scraped off”. The Mirror of Lida Sal is a work by this mythographer, who wrote a play depicting the palace of the god Kukulcan; that drama appears in a book titled “Legends of” this author’s home country. In a 1967 Nobel Prize lecture, this writer called the Popul Vuh America’s first novel. For 10 points, name this author whose novel about the revolutionary Gaspar Ilom, Men of Maize, includes many references to Guatemalan folklore. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Chicago Open // rd: Team 04 Wang | |
| tossup 858 went dead. -- 23:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After the death of his mother Mary, this man was raised by his aunt, Elizabeth Seton, the first American saint. Dr. Charles Guillou testified against this man, causing him to earn a public reprimand for his vicious punishments. After his nephew was killed on Malolo Island, he ordered the death of nearly 80 Fijians in revenge. Called "notorious" by the Bermuda press, this man was put on trial after publicly bashing Gideon Welles for calling him "too old." The existence of Antarctica was confirmed by this man's namesake (*) expedition, which lasted from 1838 to 1842 and captured a huge number of animal and plant specimens which became some of the first scientific holdings of the Smithsonian. While captaining the San Jacinto, this man ordered the arrest of James Murray Mason and John Slidell, which started a diplomatic crisis with the British. For 10 points, name this Union naval officer who ordered the capture of the Trent during the Civil War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 859 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This effect is responsible for the enol tautomer being favored over the keto tautomer in less-polar solvents. The strongest form of it appears in the bifluoride ion. It occurs thrice in G-C base pairs but twice in A-T base pairs, and it connects every carbonyl in an alpha helix to an amino four residues away. The relatively-low boiling point of H2S relative to water is a result of this interaction, which is intermediate in strength between covalent bonds and van der Waals interactions. In general, for this to occur, fluorine, nitrogen, or oxygen must act as an electron acceptor. For 10 points, identify this type of dipole-dipole interaction between certain electronegative atoms and the lightest element. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 BHSAT // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 860 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A poem about this man opens with him looking at an open gate and an unlocked door and "sorely weeping." George de Scudery and others critiqued a play about his man for fitting an implausible number of events into a single day. This man humiliates the Counts of Carrion by grabbing an escaped lion by the neck and putting it back in its cage. In a 1636 play, this man kills the count of Gormas, a fact which becomes an obstacle as he seeks to marry Chimène. The most famous play titled for this character skips over his service to the king of Saragossa on the Moorish side. For 10 points, name this subject of a Pierre Corneille play and a medieval Spanish poema, a legendary exiled knight of the Reconquista. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 NASAT // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 861 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Strikers in this industry set up their headquarters at a tree called the Tree of Knowledge, where a political party’s founding manifesto was read the following year. Joseph Holt’s memoirs provide an eyewitness account of the horrific lashings ordered by a pioneer of this industry, the “Flogging Parson” Samuel Marsden. Striking workers set up armed camps outside towns in a landmark 1891 strike in this industry, one of whose pioneers commissioned the Greek Revival architect John Verge to design Camden Park on the former site of a “miserable hut” owned by (*) Lachlan Macquarie. Elizabeth Macarthur and her husband John organized the imports that jump-started this industry in a country that became the world’s largest supplier of its goods by 1870. This industry is represented by the “jumbuck” grabbed by the “swagman” in Banjo Patterson’s “Waltzing Matilda.” For 10 points, Australia remains one of the largest exporters of the Merino variety of what fibre? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open // rd: 09 Mirkin and Humphrey | |
| tossup 862 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel, a literate garbage collector named Zeebo helps the parishioners of a church nicknamed First Purchase perform hymns. As Ms. Maudie’s house burns down, a blanket is draped over the shoulders of this novel’s narrator by a character who hides trinkets in the knothole of a tree. In this novel, Bob Ewell accuses Tom(*) Robinson of raping his daughter Mayella. An attack on Jem and Scout by Ewell is thwarted by “Boo” Radley. For 10 points, name this Harper Lee novel set in Maycomb County that focuses on Atticus Finch. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WHAQ I // rd: 02 | |
| tossup 863 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Convection in this region is measured by a set of 35 antenna arrays that form the SuperDARN network. Sq- and L-variations are caused by air movement in this region’s “dynamo,” which hosts the narrow eastward-flowing EEJ band. The lower boundary of this region creates a waveguide that hosts extremely low-frequency modes called Schumann resonances. Solar flares can trigger namesake “sudden disturbances” in this region. The outermost F region is the only portion of this layer that exists at night. That portion, also known as the Appleton–Barnett layer, lies above the Kennelly–Heaviside layer. This atmospheric layer is responsible for most reflection and refraction of radio signals. For 10 points, name this layer of the atmosphere in which solar radiation creates a high concentration of charged particles. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Regionals // rd: MSU A + Carleton University A + Rochester A.docx | |
| tossup 864 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Their namesake characteristic is the number of times one must add the multiplicative identity toitself to get zero. Their extensions are formed when the solution to a polynomial equation is added tothem. Their axioms make them a (*) commutative division algebra. For 10 points— identify thesealgebraic structures which satisfy the group axioms and have a commutative multiplication operation withan inverse. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 FICHTE // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 865 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A recent decision from a panel created by this treaty found that "zeroing" violated U.S. law, so the Department of Commerce would not be allowed to consider average prices over actual prices from exporters. The panel on Article 1904 of this document only made one decision that (*) didn't involve the U.S. – an antidumping conclusion based on rolled steel – while a notable 2005 decision about this document was on the issue of softwood lumber. Brian Mulroney was re-elected in 1988 while defending a proposal for this document agreed upon with George Bush, though ultimately Jean Chretien and Clinton signed it with Carlos Salinas. Drafted shortly after the Maastricht Treaty that created the European Union, for 10 points, name this agreement that set up a trade bloc between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ANGST // rd: Ottawa Ben | |
| tossup 866 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Every August since 1947, this European city has held the oldest multi-week "Festival Fringe" for theater productions, founded in competition with its International Festival. Its tourist attractions include a vertically-oriented Camera Obscura, which projects images of it down onto a white table; that attraction and its Grassmarket area are along its Royal Mile in Old Town. The port area of Leith is in this city, where the historic Holyrood Palace is visible from a parliament building. The Waverley railway station lets passengers off in this city in the Midlothian region, the largest on the southern coast of the Firth of Forth. For 10 points, name this major Scottish city east of Glasgow. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 NASAT // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 867 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The leader of a long-term experiment on these non-rodent mammals replaced Nikolai Dubinin as the head of an institute after Nikita Khrushchev’s support for Lysenkoism led him to sack Dubinin. A set of behavioral assays performed on these animals as part of that experiment grouped them into Class I, II, or III based on whether they would accept food from an experimenter’s hand, as described in a book co-authored by Lee Dugatkin. At the Institute of Cytology and Genetics in the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dmitry Belyayev and Lyudmila Trut have led a 60-year-old genetic experiment to domesticate the silver morph of these animals, resulting in a population of them with curly tails and floppy ears. A small but large-eared species of these animals called the fennec is found in the Sahara Desert. For 10 points, name this type of bushy-tailed canid whose common “red” species has the scientific name Vulpes vulpes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 19 - Minnesota A | |
| tossup 868 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: For a deformable beam, this quantity has a value at each point equal to the negative flexural rigidity of the beam times its curvature. For a dipole in an electric field, this quantity is equal to the cross product of the field strength and the dipole vector, and it’s zero for gravitational interactions because the force always points in the direction of the (*) radial vector. This value is the rate of change of a system’s angular momentum. This value is equal to “uppercase I times alpha,” or the moment of inertia times the angular acceleration. For 10 points, name this rotational analogue to force. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 869 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one work by this author, a character with a diamond studded coat fights alongside Marshal Ney before being shot in the leg and leaving for seminary school in Naples. Under the guidance of Prince Korasoff, a social-climber created by this man wins the affection of an aristocratic woman who, despite carrying his child, marries a rich heir to a duchy. One of this author’s characters (*) shoots a praying woman at mass in Verrieres, and Mathilde de la Mole repeatedly kisses the severed head of that man, Julien Sorel. Fabrice del Dongo appears in a work by, for 10 points, what author of The Charterhouse of Parma and The Red and the Black? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 FACTS // rd: Ed 9 | |
| tossup 870 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 9. This ruler founded a city where Herophilus soon conducted public dissections at a school he co-founded with Erasistratus. His architect Dinocates planned a city that replaced Naucratis as a cultural center. A mispronunciation of "paidion" ("PYE-dee-on") led this man to believe an oracle had called him "son of god" at Siwa, according to Quintus Curtius Rufus. He had Batis dragged to death after his siege of Gaza, where he reused engines from a siege of (*) Tyre. Allegedly the son of Zeus-Ammon, he was declared pharaoh after ending the Achaemenid Empire. This man defeated Darius III at the Battles of Issus and Gaugamela. For 10 points, name this Macedonian ruler who lent his name to the Ptolemaic capital city, later home to a legendary library. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PACE NSC // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 871 went dead. -- 23:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one of this author's novels, the title character goes off to fight in the Crimean War before Dr. Shrapnel's radical ideas nearly derail his successes. In addition to Beauchamp's Career, this author wrote about Ferdinand Laxley, who threatens to duel with the title character should he ever become a gentleman in his Evan Harrington. Another of his title characters abandons his cousin Clare for Tom Blaize's daughter Lucy, while yet another title character of this author abandons her husband Augustus Warwick for her family home. In addition to The Ordeal of Richard Feverel and Diana of the Crossways, this author wrote a novel featuring Laetitia Dale and Sir Willoughby Patterne. For 10 points, name this British author of the sonnet sequence Modern Love and the novel The Egoist. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 MUT // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 872 went dead. -- 23:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote a story in which a woodsman kills a king to steal the title one-sided object, "The Disc," and in another story by this writer, the detective Erik Lonnrot is led into a trap by three kabbalistic murders. This author of "Death and the Compass" wrote about a single point that contains (*) all of the universe in the story "The Aleph" and he described Dr. Albert's murder by the German spy Yu Tsun in another story. In another story, the title location contains hexagonal rooms and every possible 410 page book. For 10 points, what Argentinian writer's collection Ficciones contains the stories "The Garden of Forking Paths" and "The Library of Babel"? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 JAMES // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 873 went dead. -- 23:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this province, the Battle of Saint-Denis was won by forces loyal to an insurrectionist movement led by Louis-Joseph Papineau. Freedom of worship for Catholics was guaranteed in one Act concerning this province, which also extended this province's border south to the Ohio River; this occurred fifteen years after a noteworthy battle in this province, during which James Wolfe defeated Louis-Joseph de Montcalm at the Plains of Abraham. For 10 points, name this predominantly French-speaking Canadian province, which has repeatedly held referendums on the topic of independence. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 874 went dead. -- 23:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The allylic form of this class of molecules is produced from an electron-deficient alkene in the presence of a nucleophile in the aza-Baylis–Hillman reaction. Triphenylphosphine is commonly used as a reducing agent in the production of this class of molecule in the Staudinger reaction. Molecules containing this functional group have IR spectra characterized by a broad trough punctuated with spikes in the (*) 3300 inverse centimeter region. Quaternary salts of these compounds may be used as phase transfer catalysts. Potassium phthalimide is a reagent used to create them from primary alkyl halides in the Gabriel synthesis. For 10 points, name this functional group with a nitrogen single bonded to alkyl or aryl groups, derived from ammonia. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SUBMIT // rd: Dartmouth A, Penn C | |
| tossup 875 went dead. -- 23:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The speaker of a poem by this author states "the insidious master of song / Betrays me back" until his heart weeps to belong in his childish days, concluding that his "manhood is cast / Down in the flood of remembrance." The title objects of a poem by this author possess "the smoking blueness of Pluto's gloom," and that poem describes using a flower as a torch to journey to the underworld. This author of "Piano" claimed that "I have something to (*) expiate: / A pettiness" at the end of a poem whose speaker tells himself that, were he not afraid, he would kill an animal that came to take a drink from a water trough. For 10 points, name this author of "Bavarian Gentians" and "Snake," who actually preferred the title Quetzalcoatl for his novel The Plumed Serpent. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Listory // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 876 went dead. -- 23:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After World War II, President Bermejo became President of this country and promised to enact policies based on "Christian Socialism". During the 1870's, Justo Rufino Barrios enacted liberal reforms in this country. At the turn of the century, this country's dictator Manuel Estrada, attempted to introduce Greco-Roman neo-paganism by instituting a cult of the goddess Minerva. This country's civil war ended in 1996 and was followed by a Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Earlier, President Jacobo Arbenz was overthrown here with the help of the United Fruit Company. Notable for its large population of Quiche Mayans, for ten points name this Central American country just south of Mexico. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Harvard International // rd: Round 08.doc | |
| tossup 877 went dead. -- 23:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The man who discovered this protein, Leonard Skeggs, also invented the AutoAnalyzer. A competitive inhibitor for this protein—basically, the dipeptide proline-alanine, but with a sulfhydryl group—was one of the first pharmaceuticals designed using QSAR. A homolog of this protein is the receptor targeted by the SARS virus. This enzyme catalyzes the formation of Abeta-40 from Abeta-42, which explains why its inhibitors like (*) captopril increase susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease. This enzyme synthesizes an octapeptide by cleaving off a histidine and a leucine residue from its substrate's C terminus. It also breaks down bradykinin. This protease, which localizes mostly to the lungs, acts in combination with renin in the RAAS system. For 10 points, name this protein that forms angiotensin II from angiotensin I, which is inhibited by many anti-hypertensive drugs to lower blood pressure. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Chicago Open // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 878 went dead. -- 23:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Helicoplacoids disappeared during this period, and the organisms that evolved during it completely replaced the iconic quilted Dickinsonia of the Ediacaran biota. The shift from entirely horizontally-oriented burrows to vertical burrows alongside a decline in the global prevalence of stromatolites during this period signify its "substrate revolution," which is thought to be related to the breakup of Pannotia and the immersed cratons it left behind. The Taconic Orogeny (*) began toward the end of this period. Chance determined evolutionary descent from pikaia rather than hallucigenia during this period based on the "experimental" interpretation put forward by Stephen Jay Gould to explain the soft fossil lagerstätte in the Burgess Shale, although more recent interpretations of that find classify its fossils as ancestors of living phyla. For 10 points, name this first period of the Paleozoic era which saw a namesake "explosion." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Cane Ridge Revival // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 879 went dead. -- 23:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Petschek's fast model for changes in these entities' structure involves a small diffusion region and in two dimensions that process can only occur at X points. Particles will be reflected by these entities where a ratio of their magnitude equals the sine of the pitch angle squared. This quantity moves with the local plasma velocity according to Alfven's theorem. The restoring force applied by the tension of this quantity gives rise to (*) Alfven waves, as described by a discipline which uses the Navier-Stokes equations to analyze interactions between this quantity and plasma. Z and theta pinches use this quantity to confine plasma, as do tokamaks, and q times E plus v cross this quantity is equal to the Lorentz force. For 10 points, name this field which is created by moving electric charges. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MLK // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 880 went dead. -- 23:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this conflict, a military unit named for King Deiotarus of the Galatians may have been annihilated; that unit was the 12th Legion. One leader in this conflict was accused of keeping a flaming piece of straw in his mouth, giving him the appearance of breathing fire. During this conflict, Julius Severus replaced Tineius Rufus as governor. Primary documents from this conflict were discovered in 1960 in the so-called "Cave of Letters". This conflict ended with the fall of the fortress of Betar. After this conflict, the city of Aelia Capitolina was built, along with the planned temple of Jupiter that sparked this conflict. The instigator of this conflict was supported by Rabbi Akiva, who proclaimed him the Messiah. For 10 points, name this Jewish revolt against Hadrian, whose leader took the Hebrew name "son of a star". | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Nationals // rd: Editors 2 | |
| tossup 881 went dead. -- 23:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man predicted the existence of silicon and the elemental nature of sulfur. This scientist proved that breathable air is converted to carbon dioxide, or “fixed air,” using respiration or combustion rather than a mythical element which was thought to be the product of combustion. That element, (*) phlogiston, was discarded along with the four classical elements in exchange for a new nomenclature partially designed by this man to help with his theory of oxygen and chemistry. This man’s measurements proved that although matter may change shape and properties after reactions, its mass always stays consistent. For ten points, name this formulator of the law of conservation of mass, nicknamed the “father of modern chemistry”. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 LIST (Ladue Invitational Spring Tournament) VI // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 882 went dead. -- 23:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A few years into this war, the Twelve Years' Truce ended, allowing two nations to enter, while another nation joined after signing the Truce of Altmark with Poland. That nation's leader in this war was advised by Axel Oxenstierna and died at the Battle of Lutzen. Another side in this war attempted to undo the secularization of church lands by issuing the Edict of Restitution. Commanders for one side in this war were Tilly and Wallenstein, who both fought against Gustavus Adolphus. For 10 points, name this war fought between Protestants and Catholics that resulted in the confirmation of the Peace of Augsburg through its Peace of Westphalia. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ACF Fall // rd: Ohio State.doc | |
| tossup 883 went dead. -- 23:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Aromatic compounds featuring a functional group with this kind of bond are produced by the Sandmeyer reaction; that functional group containing this kind of bond is the nitrile group. The carbon-nitrogen bonds in a cyanogen molecule are of this type, as are the bonds in carbon monoxide and diatomic nitrogen. These bonds consist of a sigma bond and two pi bonds. For 10 points, name these covalent bonds that form when two atoms share six electrons and are stronger than double bonds. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ICCS // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 884 went dead. -- 23:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this event, forces under the "Fighting Bishop" Henry le Despenser won at the Battle of North Waltham. One of its casualties was the Archbishop of Canterbury, Simon Sudbury. Participants in this event were inspired by the sermons of the "hedge priest" John Ball. The leader of this event may have used the pseudonym Jack Straw and had successfully seized the Tower of London, but was killed and had his head put on a pike by supporters of King Richard II. This rebellion was precipitated by the passing of a poll tax and the black plague. For 10 points, name this English revolt of poor farmers often named after its leader, Wat Tyler. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Fall // rd: Oxford B + UGA C | |
| tossup 885 went dead. -- 23:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Bredt's rule concerns the placement of double bonds in structures with a certain arrangement of these entities. Molecules containing these entities can display pi-stacking. Degrees of unsaturation can be used to determine the number of double bonds, triple bonds, and number of these structures in a molecule. Aromatic compounds are defined by being planar, having a delocalized pi system, satisfying the 4n + 2 rule, and containing one of these structures. These structures prefer to consist of five or six atoms to minimize a namesake strain. Name these structures found in benzene, which when found in aliphatic compounds cause their names to be prefixed with "cyclo-". | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 New Trier Scobol Solo // rd: Final 1 | |
| tossup 886 went dead. -- 23:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this state, William Hazen defended the “Round Forest” during the Battle of Stones River. W.H.L. Wallace was mortally wounded defending a road in this state. A general got the epithet “Unconditional Surrender” from Simon Bolivar Buckner’s surrender of Fort Donelson in this state. After Chickamauga, Ulysses S. Grant fought at Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge in this state to relieve the Army of the (*) Cumberland. Confederate general Albert Sidney Johnston died in a battle in this state, which saw heavy fighting at the Hornet’s Nest near Pittsburg Landing. For 10 points, name this Southern state, the site of Civil War battles like Shiloh, Chattanooga, and Memphis. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 BHSAT // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 887 went dead. -- 23:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author lamented land confiscations in his poem “Maledictions” and in a collection that also describes Corydon’s love for Alexis. In that collection, this author predicts that a boy heralded as the “great increase of Jove” will inaugurate a golden age in a supposedly “Messianic” poem. This poet’s epyllion about Aristaeus describes (*) bees as a model for human society. This author describes a hero who is driven “to Lavinian shores…by cruel Juno’s remorseless anger” in a poem that begins “I sing of arms and the man.” For 10 points, name this author of the Eclogues and the Georgics, a Roman poet who describes an exile from Troy in his epic Aeneid. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 BHSAT // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 888 went dead. -- 23:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This planet's satellites include Mimas, which takes less than one day to orbit it. Multiple moonsof this planet, including Tethys, Enceladus, and its largest moon, feature ice volcanoes. In 2005, theHuygens probe landed on this planet's largest moon, the only moon in the solar system with (*)surface liquid and a nitrogenous atmosphere. For 10 points, name this gas giant orbited by Titan and thelargest set of rings in the solar system. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SCOP Novice // rd: R | |
| tossup 889 went dead. -- 23:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character is initiated into the "The Sons of Charm" after spending several years at St.Xavier's School and studying with a trader who teaches him to play the "jewel game". He has arecurring dream of a red bull in a green field. He first appears in front of a museum, sitting atop ahuge cannon. This character is dubbed "Friend of All the World" before he steals luggage containingincriminating letters from a group of (*) Russians. Colonel Creighton recruits this character to be one ofthe "chain men" under Hurree Babu, who allows him to continue his journey with a Tibetan lama whilealso working as a British agent. For 10 points, name this Irish orphan who becomes involved in the GreatGame in a namesake novel by Rudyard Kipling. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 PACE NSC // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 890 went dead. -- 23:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Moshe Safdie planned an interlocking series of apartments, the Habitat, for an event held in this city. A British trade minister named James Cross was abducted by the Liberation Cell in this city in 1970. Charles de Gaulle wrought controversy after a political gaffe in this city during its 1967 World Expo. The actions of the FLQ in this city prompted the prime minister to invoke the War Measures Act. The Quiet Revolution was centered around this metropolis. The St. Lawrence Seaway extends from it to Lake Erie. This home of the 1976 Summer Olympic Games was the birthplace of Pierre Trudeau. For 10 points, name this large city in Quebec. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Brookwood Invitational Scholars Bowl // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 891 went dead. -- 23:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a play by this author, Don Whiskerandos appears in a play-within-a-play called The Spanish Armada, written by Mr. Puff. In another play by this author, a character constantly uses mild swears like “Odds whips and wheels,” while a woman describes a man as “the very pine-apple of politeness.” Sir Oliver disguises himself as Mr. Premium in a play by this author that centers around the brothers Charles and Joseph (*) Surface. The word “malapropism” comes from Mrs. Malaprop, a character created by this author in a play that details Jack’s relationship with Lydia Languish. For 10 points, name this 18th-century author of The Critic, The School for Scandal, and The Rivals. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 BHSAT // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 892 went dead. -- 23:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Fontainebleau Memorandum criticized some of this treaty's initial proposals and warned against the threat of "spartacism". This treaty granted Saarland a referendum over its status, and Article 10, a guarantee against future aggression, caused Henry Cabot Lodge to oppose it. One power was forced to cede the Polish Corridor, reduce its army to one hundred thousand men, and pay twenty billion marks in reparations. Resulting in the return of Alsace-Lorraine, For 10 points, name this treaty negotiated by Georges Clemenceau, David Lloyd George, and Woodrow Wilson which ended World War I. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 893 went dead. -- 23:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Mollweide [MALL-vy-duh] map projection preserves this quantity, which is given for solids of revolution by Pappus's first theorem. Gabriel's horn has an infinite amount of this quantity. It can be found (*) "under a curve" via integration, and for triangles using the semiperimeter in Heron's formula. For a circle, pi r squared gives, for 10 points, what quantity that for a rectangle is expressed as width times length? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 894 went dead. -- 23:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In PET studies testing blood flow to the human brain, Worsley et. al used this value as an estimator forthe number of activated regions. This quantity can be determined in the situation where one surface iscovering another by using a ramification index. Another theorem for determining this quantity can beproven by showing that the degree of a vector field equals its Lefschetz number. That theorem sets it equalto the sum of the indices over the zeroes of a vector space. Those are the Riemann-Hurwitz formula and thePoincare-Hopf index theorem. This quantity is equal to two minus twice the genus and it equals minus twofor a double torus. For 10 points, name this quantity from topology which, for a polyhedron, equalsverticies plus faces minus edges. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 VCU Open // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 895 went dead. -- 23:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This Asian ruler sent infants to live in asylums to be cared for by deaf wetnurses in order to figure out their natural language. He categorized followers into "masters of the sword," "masters of the pen," and theologians in a system called "mansabdar." This man honored victories of his forces such as the siege of Ranthambore by founding the "city of victory," Fatehpur Sikri. He attempted to create his own syncretic faith called Din-i-Ilahi. This leader's most notable military victory occurred against a Hindu usurper who had recently won the "Battle for Delhi," but who was later defeated when an arrow struck his eye. Under Bairam Khan, this man's forces defeated the emperor Hemu at the same site where his grandfather had defeated Abraham Lodi. For 10 points, name this victor at the second battle of Panipat, the third Mughal ruler and the son of Humayun. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Editors 2 | |
| tossup 896 went dead. -- 23:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Lesions to this dysgranular body, which corresponds to Brodmann's area 44, can result in masticatory seizures. Its pars triangularis, which is involved in plurimodal association, sits anterior to its pars opercularis, which is situated near the primary motor cortex. Damage to this area results in a "telegraphic" type of communication. Though Marc Dax may have identified this locus earlier, it is named after the man who studied the brains of Lelong and Leborgne. FTP, name this part of the brain which is connected by the arcuate fasciculus to Wernicke's area, an area involved with the motor functions of speech. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Nationals // rd: Chicago A | |
| tossup 897 went dead. -- 23:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this play, one character claims that he is the head and his son is only the arm in a speech requesting his own execution, and another character declares himself commander to two enemy kings captured after a failed sea invasion. The governess Elvire hears secrets from two women in this play, whose conflict begins when the king Fernand chooses a tutor for his son, and which was the subject of a criticism by Jean Chapelain. Don Gomes slaps the elderly hero Don Diegue to provoke the first duel in this play, which ends with a continuation of the war between Moors and Castillians. Centered on Chimene's refusal to confess her love for the man who killed her father, Don Rodrigue, for ten points, name this neoclassical tragedy censored by Cardinal Richilieu, a work by Pierre Corneille. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn Bowl // rd: Editors 7 | |
| tossup 898 went dead. -- 23:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one speech, this character claims that "all our yesterdays" have led to a "dusty death" and compares life to a "brief candle." This character's nefarious actions cause another man to lament the loss of "all my pretty ones." This character cries "tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow" upon the death of his wife. He dies at the hands of a man who was "from his mother's womb untimely ripp'd," fulfilling the prophecy that "none of woman born" could harm this man. For 10 points, name this tragic character killed by Macduff in a Shakespeare play. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Collegiate Novice // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 899 went dead. -- 23:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A prolific speaker on behalf of this movement frequently visited the Seven Stars Pub to interview sailors in order to gather data to use in his pamphlets. Public opinion was swayed in support of this movement after news of the brutality shown towards the losers of the Baptist War became known. After he survived a storm at sea, John Newton underwent a spiritual awakening to become a champion of this movement, founding the (*) Clapham Sect to further this movement's goals. Porcelain maker and merchant Josiah Wedgwood created one of the most popular images of this movement, which gained a great victory with the decision in Somersett's case. This movement gained widespread attention with the publication of The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano. This movement's aims were achieved with a 1833 law passed mere days before one of its most vocal proponents, William Wilberforce, died. For 10 points, name this movement that sought to end slavery within the British Empire. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 (This) Tournament is a Crime // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 900 went dead. -- 23:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one story by this author, one character recounts that her husband used to always ask her what she was thinking when they were first married, but he never does anymore; in that story, Jim Moore shoots the cousin of his wife, Jelka Sepic, after finding the two in bed together. Â In another of his stories, Pepe is proclaimed a man by his mother when he kills someone during an altercation, culminating in Pepe's death on the run. Â He created a woman who asks her husband if they can have wine at their dinner after she is visited by a (*) traveling fixer of housewares. Â This author of "The Murder" and "The Flight" wrote a story in which Elisa Allen's underappreciated talents are put to use gardening the titular flowers. Â For 10 points, name this author of "The Chrysanthemums," which he set in his native Salinas Valley. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 KABO // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 901 went dead. -- 23:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Three Jesuits, including the son of the Minister of Justice, Charles Doherty, were arrested at a novitiate overthis policy. A debate over this policy eventually led to the Terrace Mutiny. The mayor of Montreal, CamilienHoude, was placed into an internment camp for opposing this policy, which earlier caused Wilfrid Laurier'sfaction of the Liberal Party to sever ties with Robert Borden's Unionists. This policy was implemented by theNRMA, which created many so-called "zombies" that never went (*) abroad. The Tim Buck-led "Yes" committeeconcerning this policy gained support from nearly two-thirds of all Canadians, but only a quarter of Quebecresidents thanks to the efforts of Henri Bourassa. For 10 points, name this policy that led to two Canadian "crises"in 1917 and 1944 concerning forced service in the military. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 VCU Open // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 902 went dead. -- 23:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One theorem about these things states that one form of their motions must be Killing motions; that is a corollary of a theorem that states they only have three degrees of freedom in Minkowski space called the Herglotz-Noether theorem. The most general motion of these objects are called “screw displacements” according to Chasles’ theorem, and motions of them are often described using the SE(3) group. A generalization of these objects has the condition that they preserve constant distances in the co-moving frame; that generalization is due to (*) Born and extends them to special relativity. A rotating asymmetric one of these has an angular velocity vector that traces out a polhode and a herpolhode, and during torque-free rotation, the kinetic energy of these objects defines a construct that rolls on the invariant plane without slipping; that construct is Poinsot’s ellipsoid. Euler angles are used to describe the motion of these objects. For 10 points, give this name for idealized three-dimensional objects that cannot be deformed. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: Lederberg Memorial Science Tournament 2: Daughter Cell // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 903 went dead. -- 23:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One mayor of this city inspired controversy when a camera caught him uttering profanities and anti-Semitic slurs, after which he offered the unconvincing explanation that he was calling the speaker a "faker". Another mayor of this city was assassinated by Patrick Prendergast. Another mayor (*) was killed by Giuseppe Zangara in an attempt to assassinate the President. The first man mentioned had his namesake Delegation unseated at a national convention of his party, and the latter two were Carter Harrison and Anton Cermak. This city was the namesake of a group of seven protestors arrested during an event here in which police used "Gestapo tactics". For ten points, name this city, the home of the 1968 Democratic National Convention in which Barack Obama worked as a community organizer. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 JAKOB // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 904 went dead. -- 23:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This pseudonym was used for a collection of 144 essays whose ideals influenced the American Revolution, published in the 1720s by John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon. An author of this name wrote a collection of couplets which was a popular Latin textbook in the Middle Ages, known as his namesake "distichs." In a play of this name, the sons of the title character are in love with Lucia, and Juba is in love with the title character's daughter, Marcia. That tragedy, whose prologue was written by Alexander Pope, is the most famous work of Joseph Addison. A statesman of this name wrote a historical work called the Origines and the oldest surviving Latin prose work, De Agri Cultura. For 10 points, give this name shared by two Roman statesmen, the elder of whom liked to call for the destruction of Carthage and the younger of whom was an opponent of Caesar. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 905 went dead. -- 23:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The victorious commander in this conflict quoted Abraham Lincoln in his desire for “binding up the nation’s wounds” and awarded no military medals to its fighters. The ethnic tensions that led to this war were foreshadowed by the Census Crisis. The Mid-West Offensive is often considered a turning point during this war due to one side’s failure to hold bridgeheads over a major river. A year before this conflict broke out, Decree 34 (*) abolishing federalism was announced, sparking a coup that killed Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi. Yakubu Gowon led one side during this war. Bernard Kouchner was inspired to create Doctors Without Borders by an epidemic of kwashiorkor during this conflict. For 10 points, name this conflict where an autonomous region sought to secede from Africa’s most populous country. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 WAO II // rd: 02 | |
| tossup 906 went dead. -- 23:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a poem titled for these people, the speaker reassures himself by noting that "calm seas often follow after the/squalling of a storm" after advising the addressee that some "thoughts should/not be in your head." That poem, whose fragmentary form was published in 2014 after being discovered by Dirk Obbink, ends by discussing how "this heavy-weighing depression we shall/lift up (*) ours and stand" once the speaker learns about the safety of one of these people. In another poem about one of these people, the speaker decries how "death has ravish'd half myself in thee" before praying that that figure shall "Receive the gifts, our fathers' ancient rite" and ends bidding him "hail and farewell!" Catullus 101 is addressed to a person of, for 10 points, what type, which include Kharaxos and Larikhos with respect to the author in a poem by Sappho? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Spartan Housewrite // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 907 went dead. -- 23:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The rate at which the net value of this quantity exponentially decays to zero can be measured using a Hahn echo and is characterized by the T2 relaxation time. This quantity changes during intersystem crossing. According to the selection rules for electronic transitions, the net change in this quantity for an electronic transition MUST be zero. The difference between fluorescence and phosphorescence is that this quantity changes in phosphorescence as a (*) triplet state is converted to a singlet state. Only isotopes with a nonzero total value of this quantity can be used in NMR. An electronic configuration possessing the highest value for this quantity has the lowest energy according to Hund’s first rule. For 10 points, name this quantity which for electrons is the fourth quantum number and takes on values of plus or minus one half. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 MUT // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 908 went dead. -- 23:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man used the alias A.J. Hidell while posing as a leader of the New Orleans chapter of Fair Play for Cuba. This man attempted suicide in a Moscow hotel after being denied Soviet citizenship. Photographs CE 133-A and -B, called the “backyard photos”, were of this man, although he insisted they were forgeries. This man was first arrested for the murder of (*) J.D. Tippit, before which he was employed at the Texas School Book Depository. The Warren Commission determined that this man acted alone on November 22, 1963. For 10 points, name this man who assassinated President John F. Kennedy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 GSAC XXV // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 909 went dead. -- 23:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this war, an ironclad that influenced the Battle of Pacocha terrorized its foes until it was captured at Angamos. In an attempt to settle this war aboard the USS Lackawanna, one belligerent demanded the Tarapaca district and a 20-million-peso indemnity in return for districts including Tacna and Arica. The Battle of Miraflores and the subsequent taking of Lima occurred during this war that was fought over guano and saltpeter in the Atacama Desert. For 10 points, in what war did Chile defeat Peru and Bolivia, which lost access to the namesake body of water? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collegiate Novice // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 910 went dead. -- 23:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The narrator of this story imagines that being given the name Sir Walter Raleigh would inspire admiration of onecharacter's accent, the macaw on his shoulder, and his cannibal-killing blunderbuss. This story is set in a place wheretwenty houses have stone courtyards devoid of flowers and mothers worry about their children being blown away by thewind. The title character of this story is heaped with holy-water jars and flowers. After saying goodbye to the titlecharacter, the other characters resolve to widen their door frames and raise their ceilings in his memory. The women inthis story use their bridal linen and sails to fashion new clothing for the title character, who arrives with layers ofattached (*) flotsam, jellyfish, and seaweed. For 10 points, name this story in which the name Esteban is given to a belovedgigantic, deceased, good-looking visitor of a tiny village, written by Garcia Marquez. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Minnesota Open // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 911 went dead. -- 23:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The regular burning of scrub by these people was called “fire-stick farming” by Rhys Jones. They were targeted by a human chain called the Black Chain during the Black War, which John Batman participated in before founding a certain city. The “black armband” view is one side of the History Wars over these people, a controversy that included the issuance of the Bringing Them Home report. National Sorry Day commemorates (*) children from this group known as the Stolen Generation to whom Prime Minister Kevin Rudd officially apologised to in 2008. For 10 points, name these indigenous people of Australia. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Maryland Fall // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 912 went dead. -- 23:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel, the corrupt businessman Phil Connor rapes Ona, who dies in childbirth; later,Ona's first child, Antanas, drowns in a puddle of mud in a busy street. This novel ends withthe Lithuanian immigrant Jurgis (*) Rudkis's prospects improving through socialism, but thelasting effect of this novel was its impact on the Chicago meatpacking industry. For 10 points, namethis work of muckraking literature by Upton Sinclair. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 SCOP Novice // rd: R | |
| tossup 913 went dead. -- 23:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Guilherme Calvet proved that this virus is capable of vertical transmission. This virus, an outbreak of which occurred in 2007 in the Yap Islands of Micronesia, appears to cause Guillain–Barré [gee-YAN- buh-REY] syndrome, and is spread by some members of the Aedes [ey-EE-deez] genus. This virus, which is named for a forest in Uganda, can spread from a pregnant woman to her fetus, resulting in birth defects such as microcephaly. For 10 points, name this mosquito-borne virus that has recently spread to Brazil and the United States. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Delta Burke // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 914 went dead. -- 23:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Though he was not allowed to participate directly, this person repeatedly met with delegates of the 1991 Madrid Conference who flew to Tunis to meet with him. He took power from Yahya Hammuda soon after the Battle of Karameh, and thirty years later gained territory through the Wye River Memorandum. He spent most of his final years in Ramallah and was criticized for not ending terrorism after the Oslo Accords, an agreement that led to him sharing a Nobel Peace Prize with Shimon [shee-MOHN] Peres and Yitzhak [YITZ-hahk] Rabin [rah-BENE]. Name this leader who in 2004 was replaced by Mahmoud Abbas as head of the Palestinian Liberation Organization. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NTSS // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 915 went dead. -- 23:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This name is given to a sequence of rational numbers whose first few terms are one, one-half, one-sixth, zero, negative one-thirtieth, zero, and one-forty-second. An equation named after Euler and a physicist with this surname can be used to calculate the deflection of a beam given its weight per unit length. A distribution with this name is a (*) binomial distribution with only one trial, and sets a random variable to one with probability p, and to 0 otherwise. A Swiss scientist with this surname names a statement explaining why pressure drops as fluid flow accelerates. For 10 points, give this name of a “principle” often invoked to explain lift. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 916 went dead. -- 23:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man helped publish a book attacking the Food and Drug Administration titled, The Chemical Feast. Patti Smith and Michael Moore joined this man for a "Super Rally" at Madison Square Garden where he delivered a speech about "Tweedledee and Tweedledum". This subject of the documentary An Unreasonable Man was joined in one political campaign by Ojibwe activist (*) Winona LaDuke. He attacked the FTC in a scathing 1968 report issued by his namesake "Raiders," who were financed by a harassment lawsuit this man won against GM after attacking the Chevrolet Corvair in Unsafe At Any Speed. For 10 points, name this Lebanese-American consumer advocate who ran on the Green Party ticket in the 2000 Presidential election. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 917 went dead. -- 23:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Knights of the Flaming Circle, named for their practice of burning tires at meetings, were formed to oppose this organization. Mary Tyler and Edward Clarke played key roles in publicizing this organization, and two members of this organization, Edward Jackson and Clifford Walker, served as governors of their states in the 1920s. This organization's formation was inspired by a series of novels by Thomas Dixon and was brought about by William J. Simmons. This organization supported John Davis at a (*) Democratic National Convention nicknamed for its dominance by this organization in 1924. This organization was formed at a rally at Stone Mountain, and D. W. Griffith's film Birth of a Nation inspired a surge in this organization's membership. For 10 points, name this racist organization, a "revival" of a reconstruction-era terror group who wore white hoods as their uniform. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Spartan Housewrite // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 918 went dead. -- 23:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A war fought over the “heavenly” ones of these things involved the Han Dynasty and the Dayuan [“DAH-yuen”] people who lived in Fergana Valley. Roman dictators appointed a position known as the “Master” of one of these things. A tactic known as the Parthian shot required the skillful use of these animals. One of these animals legendarily (*) feared its own shadow, but was tamed by a young prince who later named a city in its memory. These animals, used by the Winged Hussars, were critical in lifting the 1683 Siege of Vienna. One of these animals named Bucephalus was a favorite of Alexander the Great. For 10 points, name these animals often used by cavalry units. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 HFT XIV // rd: 06 | |
| tossup 919 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: David Gurle's company Symphony is trying to get customers to switch from using these devices to its lower cost service. The service that these things tap into can also be accessed via mobile devices via an "Anywhere" client. An April 2015 outage that affected the 325,000 users of these devices has been dubbed the "chat crash". Unusual keys on these devices include the Green "GO" key and a (*) "GOVT" button. These devices were developed with the $10 million their namesake received as severance from Salomon Brothers in 1981. Profits from the sale of these devices help subsidize ventures such as WBBR-AM in New York and Businessweek magazine. Sales of these devices made a fortune for a man who banned transfats in his three-terms as mayor. For 10 points, name these computers used for keeping track of real-time financial trading. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 We Have Never Been Modern // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 920 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: For the 2-color hat game, in which players can see the color of other people's hats but not their own and are required to correctly guess their color, any configuration with a perfect strategy has an 3 example of this code that exists, making it winnable by applying this code. The dual of this code is the simplex code. Building a check matrix for these codes involves taking some r and constructing anr × 2r−1 matrix such that each nonzero binary r-tuple occurs exactly once as a column of the matrix. 6 The (*) extended form of this code is formed by adding a parity check bit that is the XOR of all bits. Like the Golay code, it's a nontrivial binary perfect code. The (7, 4) code in this class was the first error-correcting code to be developed. For 10 points, name this class of linear block codes developed by the Bell Labs scientist who9 also described the number of positions at which a string is different with his namesake "distance". | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Claude Shannon Memorial Tournament // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 921 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the middle of one of this thinker's works, Al Gore describes teaching people how to give his presentation in Nashville, and calls that work's subject "unbelievably cool." This thinker once praised music as "a part of everyone's life," which thus "knows no boundaries." In one of his most famous works, this thinker describes a "Business School 101 graph" where a whole "category of things" are on the left, because of the "bottom forty there." He described learning about typography in a story about "connecting dots," and quoted the final issue of the Whole Earth Catalogue in a speech that begins by confessing "this is the closest I've ever gotten to a (*) college graduation." One of his most famous works begins "Every once in a while, a revolutionary product comes along that changes everything," before describing three new products, which turn out to be the same device. This thinker introduced an ad campaign that begins "Here's to the crazy ones" and the slogan "Think different." For 10 points, name this orator, who delivered speeches like 2007's iPhone Keynote. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 VICO // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 922 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of this man’s approximations is used in molecular spectroscopy to simplify energy calculations as a result of electronic and vibrational effects. An upper bound on the mass of neutron stars is named for Tollman, Volkoff, and this man. Along with Max (*) Born, this man names an approximation that the wavefunction can be split into electronic and nuclear components. This man quoted the Bhagavad Gita in saying “Now I am become death, the destroyer of worlds.” For 10 points, name this “father of the atomic bomb” who led the Manhattan project. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 RMBCT // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 923 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this work is given a “bowl of sweetened milk” with floating pieces of bread. This work ends with a trolley ride in the countryside, and one character in this work learns that a debt to his employer could have been paid with family savings. That character in this work tries to keep a picture of a woman wearing furs in his room, and his sister has an ardent desire to attend a (*) conservatory for violin and is named Grete. The protagonist of this novella is paralyzed after his father strikes a sensitive spot on his back with an apple. For 10 points, name this novella about the Samsa family and Gregor’s title transformation into a cockroach, by Franz Kafka. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Prison Bowl X // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 924 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In her review of this author's most recent novel, Francine Prose questions whether that novel really embodies the good rather than the bad qualities of the word "Dickensian". This author wrote a novel in which one character sings "The Farmer in the Dell" to taunt other characters about a man they killed in the woods while attempting to perform a bacchanalia. This author created a protagonist whose father dates a cocaine-snorting casino worker but dies in a car crash outside of Las Vegas while trying to flee his gambling debts. She wrote a novel in which a group of (*) Julian Morrow's hand-picked Classics students at Hampden College kill their classmate, Bunny Corcoran. In the aftermath of a terrorist bombing at the Metropolitan Museum, Theo Decker steals the title painting by Carel Fabritius, in her most recent novel. For 10 points, name this author of The Secret History and the winner of the 2014 Pulitzer Prize, The Goldfinch. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 RILKE // rd: 0 | |
| tossup 925 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Among this group of organisms, D. lusitanicum is the only species routinely found in dry regions. The namesake organ of another member, the bladderwort, can generate an internal vacuum underwater. Charles Darwin first noted that this group relies on the movement of prey to trigger a response, and all species described by this term are native to areas with nitrogen-poor soil. The sticky fluid of the sundew and slippery walls of the pitcher plant are two methods used by species of this type to trap their targets. These plants are mainly found in bogs and wetlands. Name these plants like the Venus flytrap that specialize in catching insects and that are given the same name as animals that eat animals. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NTSS // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 926 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Mixing DMAD and quadricyclane as suspensions in this substance results in a higher yield for acycloaddition reaction than dissolving them in toluene. Because this substance has a high cohesiveenergy density and has a higher internal pressure than the reagents of the Diels-Alder reaction, thereaction occurs faster in the presence of this substance. It's not protons or electrons, but balancing redoxreaction equations in acidic conditions often involves adding multiple moles of this molecule to eitherside. Arrhenius acids and bases are defined by their interactions with this substance, which is formedwhen hydrogen combusts. For 10 points, name this universal solvent with the formula H2O. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Fall // rd: Illinois B + Berkeley B | |
| tossup 927 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: De Georgia et. al ran a pilot study to reduce lesions from these events by inducing hypothermia, a technique they called COOL AID. One type of these events is treated with permissive hypertension 24 hours after. The TOAST criteria can be used to categorize these events, whose areas of impact can be viewed from hyperintense regions on a diffusion weighted image. The two largest categorizations of these events are ischemic and hemorrhagic. Transient ischemic attacks are sometimes described as a “mini” one of these events. The mnemonic FAST is used for these events as they are often accompanied by pronator drift, facial drooping, arm weakness, and speech difficulties. These events are alternatively referred to as “cerebrovascular accidents.” For 10 points, name these events where brain tissue is deprived of oxygen. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 NASAT // rd: 07 | |
| tossup 928 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: LU decomposition is one technique used to factorize these entities. The Hermitian example of these objectsconsists of complex conjugates. The characteristic polynomial of these objects has solutions equal to eigenvalues,and their lower left corner is filled with zeros during Gaussian elimination, which converts them to their row echelonform. A system of linear equations can be solved by finding the determinants of these and applying Cramer's rule.Multiplication of two of these objects is defined only when the number of columns in the first matches the numberof rows in the second. For 10 points, name these rectangular arrays of numbers or expressions. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 BELLOCO // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 929 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A quantity named for this word can be calculated using a three-parameter correlation developed by Satyanarayana and Rao or measured directly by the Pensky-Martens test. In devices named for this word, the maximum allowed velocity is calculated as a constant, k, times the square root of a function of the internal densities, according to the Souders-Brown equation. Equilibrium conditions may be obtained by solving the Ratchford-Rice equation for those devices named for this word; those "drums" are the simplest devices used in industrial-scale continuous distillation. This word names a quantity whose value for a substance determines which number occupies the top-most quadrant of the NFPA diamond. That critical temperature named for this word is typically 10 degrees below the fire point. For 10 points, what word describes the "point" at which a vapor will non-spontaneously ignite? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Chicago Open // rd: Team 02 Brownstein | |
| tossup 930 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel, a character is described as belonging to “the coal, the iron, the clay,” because his father was a coal-miner, and another character suggests to that character that he should burn the picture of his wife. The protagonist of this work also carries out an affair with Duncan while visiting Venice, and this work was famously the subject of an (*) obscenity trial because of its crude language and content. In this work, the nurse Mrs. Bolton takes care of Clifford because he is paralyzed from the waist down while the protagonist has an affair with the gamekeeper Oliver Mellors. For ten points, name this D.H. Lawrence novel about Constance’s various affairs. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 LIST (Ladue Invitational Spring Tournament) VI // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 931 went dead. -- 23:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This people's expansion into France was checked by Clovis at the Battle of Vouille. One leader of this group frequently clashed with Stilicho, a general under Emperor Honorius. After suffering persecution from dishonest governors, this group defeated and killed the emperor Valens at the Battle of Adrianople. This group controlled Spain until the Muslim conquest in the eighth century. Under their leader Alaric I, this group sacked Rome in 410 CE. For 10 points, name this Germanic tribe distinct from the Ostrogoths. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 ACF Fall // rd: RPI A and VCU.doc | |
| tossup 932 went dead. -- 23:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A Mulk Raj Anand collection of letters "to 'Bapu' from Bombay" is titled for this character and Gandhi. His address "to the Audience" forms the final section of W. H. Auden's "The Sea and The Mirror," and he names the ship of which Captain Steerforth is captain in Waugh's The Ordeal of Gilbert Pinfold. He represents the crass utilitarianism associated with North America in an essay by José Rodó, but he is portrayed more positively as a militant black man who demands to be called "X" in a play by a co-founder of négritude. His natural theology includes a supreme deity described by his witch mother as "the Quiet" and the cruel title god of a Robert Browning poem. FTP, name this worshipper of Setebos and son of Sycorax who claims in Aimé Césaire's A Tempest that his attempted rape of Miranda was due to his education by Prospero. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Nationals // rd: Chicago A | |
| tossup 933 went dead. -- 23:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Description acceptable. According to one critic, the first appearance of this plot detail is superior to its second appearance because the first is “linked to reversal” while the second is “for the sake of proof.” Another critic argued that a scene revealing this plot detail demonstrates its author’s tendency to keep events always in the foreground, unlike another text, which is “fraught with background.” That critic contrasted the “reality” of a scene centering on this detail with the “tyrannical” need to represent truth in the Binding of Isaac episode of Genesis. A key moment of (*) anagnorisis caused by the sight of this plot detail is analyzed in the first chapter of Erich Auerbach’s Mimesis, which is named for it. It was acquired in a boar hunt on Mount Parnassus, and is spotted by a nurse while she bathes the feet of a man disguised as a beggar. For 10 points, name this detail that allows Eurycleia to identify her former master in an epic poem by Homer. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Chicago Open // rd: 6 Hang + Sorice | |
| tossup 934 went dead. -- 23:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In October 2014 the truck assembly plant in this city switched a production source due to corroding engines. Mona Hanna-Attisha, a pediatrician in this city's Hurley Medical Center, published a study on its children. Emergency manager Darnell Earley and state health director Bill Schuette are among those (*) charged with crimes related to this city's use of a local river that caused aging pipes to leach lead into residents' tap water. For 10 points—name this Michigan city whose name is derived from stones Native Americans used to make arrowheads. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Philly Cheesteak // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 935 went dead. -- 23:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man and Samuel Warren wrote an article denouncing "snapshot photography" and its weakening of "moral standards." He was the driving force behind Massachusetts's Savings Bank Insurance League, a reform-minded attempt at providing life insurance. This man's dissent in Olmstead v. United States drew upon an article he wrote for the Harvard Law Review literally titled "The Right to Privacy." Along with Justices Cardozo and Stone, he was one of the "Three Musketeers" that opposed the Four Horsemen. The upholding of a law restricting women's working hours in the case of Muller v. Oregon relied heavily on this man's namesake brief. For 10 points, name this first Jewish Supreme Court justice. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 NASAT // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 936 went dead. -- 23:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The police officer Newton Ishii rose to fame as a result of this campaign, inspiring a song with the lyrics “Oh my god! I’m politically dead. Knocking on my door is a Japanese fed”. One leader targeted by this campaign fulminated “I will not pay for somebody else’s crap” in a leaked tape, and as part of this campaign, a sitting senator was recorded offering to break Nestor Cervero’s father out of prison. This campaign drew comparisons to the earlier “monthly” scandal, and this campaign targeted contracts awarded for “pre-salt” oil drilling to oligarchs such as Eike (*) Batista. The head of the foreign exchange trader MO Consulting, Alberto Youssef, was arrested as part of this campaign.This operation was presided over by Sergio Moro and targeted the construction firm of Marcelo Odebrecht. For ten points, name this corruption investigation centered around the state-owned oil company Petrobras that led to the impeachment of Dilma Rouseff. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: WORLDSTAR // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 937 went dead. -- 23:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 7. One author from this country wrote a novella in which Dalmacio Ombrellieri leads The Fugitive to a two-sunned island home to Faustine and The Invention of Morel. That author, Bioy Casares, shows an encyclopedia article to another author from this country in the short story “Tlon, Uqbar, Orbus Tertius.”. That author wrote a short story in which Richard Madden pursues the (*) German spy Yu Tsun and included in his collection Ficciones, “The Garden of Forking Paths.” For ten points, name this country home to Jorge Luis Borges, the setting of Manuel Puig’s The Buenos Aires Affair. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 LIST III // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 938 went dead. -- 23:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man's half-brother was implicated in a scandal involving a monopoly on gold and silver thread, which also involved his brother-in-law Giles Mompesson. This man rose to power after his predecessor's wife, Frances Howard, was implicated in the poisoning of Thomas Overbury. This man used the recently revived practice of parliamentary impeachment to bring down the lord treasurer, Lionel Cranfield, Earl of Middlesex, though later parliaments would twice be dissolved to avoid this man's own impeachment. This successor of Robert Carr, Earl of Somerset (*) as royal favorite personally led disastrous expeditions to Ile de Re and Cadiz while fighting simultaneous wars with France and Spain. John Felton assassinated this man before he could lead a second attempt to relieve La Rochelle. This man travelled incognito to Spain in an unsuccessful attempt to arrange a marriage between the English heir and the Infanta Maria, though he later arranged a match with Henrietta Maria of France. For 10 points, name this royal favorite who controlled power in 1620's England under first James I and then Charles I. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 939 went dead. -- 23:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Fermions described by the opposite of this adjective are named for their electronvolt energy scales as “keVins” and “geVins.” A recent theory where this adjective is preceded by “meta-” allows for the late decay of relics and therefore gives a linear Lyman alpha power spectrum. This is the first adjective in the name of a model that wrongly predicts cusped density distributions rather than flat ones and fails to explain the missing satellite problem. Unlike neutrinos and axions, (*) WIMPs can be described by this adjective due to their large masses. In the prevailing explanation of CMBR anisotropy, baryons are outnumbered by dark matter with this property. For 10 points, name this adjective that refers to nonrelativistic particles and describes the principal characteristic of dark matter in the lambda-C·D·M model. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PIANO // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 940 went dead. -- 23:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: It's not RNA, but an enzyme whose substrate is this molecule contains a C-terminal "flap domain" which covers the active site after substrate binding, which occurs at a connection between that enzyme's L and S domains referred to as the "cis loop." The Arg-590 residue of that enzyme whose substrate is this molecule interacts with the fluorophenyl group of that enzyme's type 2 inhibitors. This molecule is formed, then subsequently cleaved, in the beginning of a pathway regulated by the transcription factor SREBP-2. This molecule is cleaved by its namesake lyase to form acetoacetic acid during the formation of ketone bodies. This molecule's thioester group is reduced to an alcohol to form mevalonate, which is phosphorylated and decarboxylated to form the precursors to isoprenoids and various steroids. For 10 points, name this compound whose namesake reductase is inhibited by statins. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Chicago Open // rd: Editors 2 | |
| tossup 941 went dead. -- 23:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Decomposing the behaviour of one of these systems into “fast” and “slow” variables and introducing effective potentials allowed its analysis by Pyotr Kapitza. One of these systems is the basis for a tuning technique named for Schuler used for inertial navigation. The equation “3 cosine theta-one plus cosine theta-two equals 2” defines a region over which one of these systems will display (*) predictable behaviour. An equation describing a physical variant of this system contains a “square root of I over mgd” term. The “double” variety of this system displays chaotic behaviour, whereas the mass of their “simple” variety is concentrated at a single point. For 10 points, name this oscillator consisting of a mass suspended from a pivot and used in clocks. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 SMT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 942 went dead. -- 23:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This preposition begins the title of an 1869 novel in which Bertie's friend and servant are killed while all three serve in the African Chasseurs,, ending his seemingly homoerotic attraction to them, in the most famous work by the British female novelist Ouida. Hugh Bongo-(**)Shaftesbury is a minion for Moldweorp, who later shoots the British spy Porpentine near the Sphinx in a short story by Thomas (*) Pynchon, the title of which begins with this preposition. A poster for the Peter Lorre film "The Hands of Orlac" signifies the protagonist's obsession with his ex-wife Yvonne and foreshadows his death in a novel whose title begins with this preposition, a work that ends with the protagonist's corpse thrown in a ravine, followed by the corpse of a pariah dog. The setting for another work beginning with this preposition is a town whose name is a palindrome for "bugger all" and is in Wales. For ten points, what preposition begins the titles of the above-described novel by Malcolm Lowry and a radio play by Dylan Thomas? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Guerrilla at ICT // rd: Borglum | |
| tossup 943 went dead. -- 23:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The trimethylated derivative of this species is used to remethylate homocysteine in a reaction catalyzed by betaineÂhomocysteine SÂmethyltransferase. The C4, C5, and N7 atoms of the purine ring are derived fromthis compound. Along with glutamic acid and cysteine, this amino acid is found in the antioxidant glutathione. This compound is a byproduct of a reaction that transforms tetrahydrofolate into N5,N10ÂmethyleneÂTHF. In that reaction, a (*) hydroxymethyl group is removed from serine. Strychnine is an antagonist for the ligandÂgated chloride channel that binds this compound. Along with proline, this amino acid is found in unstructured loops; it is also abundant in collagen with proline and hydroxyproline. This amino acid is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. For 10 points, name this simplest proteinogenic amino acid, which is achiral. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MYSTERIUM // rd: Tiebreakers and Extras | |
| tossup 944 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A triply eponymous reaction of this type uses aluminum alkoxide as a catalyst. A ketone undergoes thisreaction enantioselectively in the presence of borane and a chiral oxazaborolidine catalyst. In amodification of another reaction of this type, carbonyl compounds, hydrazine hydrate, and a base areheated with diethylene glycol and, once hydrazone formation is complete, the temperature is raised to 200C to drive off excess water and hydrazine hydrate. That reaction of this type is the base-promotedtransformation of carbonyl compounds into corresponding hydrocarbons through the decomposition ofhydrazone intermediates. Yet another reaction of this type transforms carbonyl groups to methylene groupswith zinc amalgam and hydrochloric acid. Those mentioned reactions include Meerweein-Ponndorf-Verley,Corey-Bakshi-Shibata, Wolff-Kishner, and Clemmensen. For 10 points, identify this type of chemicalreaction that is contrasted with oxidation. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Open // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 945 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: > While in prison with the Yaqui Indian Tobias and this character, a lawyer condemned to die by firing squad says “A revolution starts in the battlefields, but once it gets corrupted, even though military battles are still won, it's lost.” That doomed lawyer, Gonzalo Bernal, was the brother of this character’s wife. This title character’s only childhood friend Lunero was the servant of the character’s uncle; after accidentally shooting that uncle, this character fled to (*) Veracruz. As this character lies in bed, his daughter Teresa and wife Catalina wait to hear him disclose where he has placed his will. For 10 points, name this title character of a novel about the demise of a Mexican tycoon, created by Carlos Fuentes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 IMSAnity 5 // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 946 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: At a naval engagement, in this war, the Cumberland was captured, though Richard Edwards still led his smaller force to victory over the fleet of Claude de Forbin. A commander in this war was assisted by the forces of Count Overkirk of the Dutch Republic in defeating Francois de Neufville, the Duc de Villeroi. In addition to featuring the Battle of the Lizard and the Battle of (*) Ramillies, this war included a costly victory for one side over Villars and Boufflers and a battle that began with a charge across the Nebel river. At that battle, the Duc de Tallard was captured by forces of the Duke of Marlborough and Eugene of Savoy. Fought after the death of the imbecile Charles II and ended by the Treaty of Utrecht, for 10 points, name this war fought to prevent the union of France and a certain Iberian nation | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SUBMIT // rd: UVA A, Minnesota, Northeastern A | |
| tossup 947 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Traditional love poems in this language were categorized according to five "landscapes", each named for a particular flower. In one work in this language, the protagonist pretends to circle around her murderous husband three times to worship him, but then shoves him off a hill to his death. In another work in this language, a woman cuts off one of her breasts to cast a curse that burns to the ground the city that put her husband to death on false charges. The oldest collection of religious poems in this language gave rise to a namesake meter called Paripaatal, and many works in this language are written in akaval meter. A poem about a woman who marries the thief Kaalan and a poem about the anklet of Kannagi are two of this language's Five Great Epics. For 10 points, the Kundalakesi and Cilappatikaram were written in what Dravidian language spoken in South India and Sri Lanka? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 948 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this work steals a fountain pen after meeting with a past employer. Thatfootball player, son of the title character is distressed to find his father with "The Woman" inBoston. The title character's wife, (*) Linda, repeatedly says, "Attention must be paid," to her twosons, Happy and Biff, referring to her husband's failing mental health. For 10 points, name thisArthur Miller play that ends with Willy Loman's suicide. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 SCOP Novice // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 949 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one scene in this play, there are no servants in a palace because they have been persuaded to form a union. The tale is recounted of how one character in this play "outsmarted" a surveyor by claiming that the land was too heavy to bear the weight of a railroad. Another character notes that everyone who eats with that man eventually ($) marries him. One character in this play worries that another's neck will be shortened if she carries pails of water on her head. Four girls pretend to be the wheels of a car driven by this play's protagonist in the (*) Dance of the Lost Traveller, honoring a photographer who had come from Lagos and taken pictures of the second title character. For ten points, identify this play about Baroka and Lakunle's rivalry for the hand of Sidi, written by Wole Soyinka. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Schindler's Lit // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 950 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A finite group G is generated through the pseudo form of this operation if and only if the ring of invariants of G acting on a finite-dimensional vector space form a polynomial ring. For an n-dimensional symmetric bilinear space over a field with characteristic not equal to two, every element of its orthogonal group is a composition of at most n of these operations. For a nonzero vector v in a vector space, a transformation describing this operation applied to x is equal to x minus quantity two times inner product of x and v divided by inner product of v with itself, all times v. That transformation is the (*) Householder transformation. For the dihedral group D sub n, if n is even, the set of these fall into two conjugacy classes. Matrices describing this operation are orthogonal and have determinant equal to negative one. The composition of an even number of instances of this operation yields a rotation. For 10 points, name this operation which creates mirror images. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Chicago Open // rd: 12b | |
| tossup 951 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Comic elements in this novel include the character of Grobleben, a snot-nosed workman who appears with a bouquet of roses to give dialect-heavy speeches at events like christenings. A boy in this novel who loves listening to his friend Kai’s stories about magic castles annoys his father by crying while trying to recite “Shepherd’s Sunday Song” and by drawing lines on their official family tree. After visiting a dentist who keeps a parrot named Josephus in his waiting room, a character in this novel collapses in the muddy snow of a street and dies shortly afterwards. This novel often refers to that character as “the senator,” to his father as “the consul,” and to his sister as “Frau Permaneder” even after she leaves her second husband. This novel is set in an unnamed version of its author’s native Lübeck and ends with Hanno’s death by typhoid. For 10 points, name this novel about a merchant family by Thomas Mann. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 17 - Johns Hopkins A + Florida A | |
| tossup 952 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The hyperpolarized isotope of this element is used as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging to visualize gas flow through the lung. The trioxide of this element undergoes violent decomposition at only 77 degrees Fahrenheit, making it a highly explosive oxidizing agent in the +6 oxidation state of this element. In fast atom bombardment, atoms of this element are used to create (*) ions in preparation for mass spectrometry. One structure involving this element has two axial unbound electron pairs when this element bonds to four fluorines to form a square planar compound. Discovered only weeks after krypton and neon, this element has an atomic mass of 131 and was named for being “strange”. For 10 points, name this noble gas below krypton on the periodic table, an element with symbol Xe. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Penn Bowl // rd: Tiebreakers | |
| tossup 953 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The speaker of one of this man's poems says "Speak! for thou long enough hast acted dummy" despite the fact that "thou hast a tongue" and "thou art standing on thy legs, above ground." This author of "Address to the Mummy at Belzoni's Exhibition" collected his essays in Gaieties and Gravities and penned historical novels like Reuben Apsley and Brambletye House. With his brother James, this author wrote a number of incredibly popular parodies of contemporary authors, The Rejected Addresses. This poet's most famous work posits that "some ($) Hunter may express / Wonder like ours" when he finds the ruins of London and "stops to guess / What powerful but unrecorded race / Once dwelt in that annihilated place." That poem mentions "the site of this forgotten Babylon," where there "stands a gigantic Leg" "in Egypt's sandy silence." For fifteen points, identify this poet whose "Ozymandias" was written as a competition with Percy Shelley. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Schindler's Lit // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 954 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 15. This function is de ned in general by a sum of elements of the formsin(πka x) This function's graph has a Hausdor dimension of 2 + ln a , where a and b are lnbparameters used to de ne it, 0 < a < 1, and b is a positive odd integer greaterthan or equal to 7. This function is Hölder continuous but not Lipschitz continuous at all points, and is considered one of the monsters of real analysis. This function is only di erentiable at a rational number if it is expressible as the ratio of two odd numbers. For ten points, identify this pathological func- tion which is continuous everywhere but di erentiable on a set with Lebesgue measure zero. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Math Monstrosity // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 955 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One synthesis for these molecules often uses MAO as a co-catalyst. The second virial coefficient for these molecules is zero at the theta temperature. The intrinsic viscosity for these molecules is equal to some constant times molecular weight raised to another constant according to the Mark-Houwink equation. Dynamic mechanical analysis of these molecules can be used to generate a plot of modulus versus temperature, which contains a knee at the glass transition temperature. The configuration of subsequent R and H groups determines the tacticity of these molecules. Very few branches are observed when they are synthesized from alkenes with Ziegler-Natta catalysts. For 10 points, name these long molecules made of small, repeating structural units that include polyethylene and polypropylene. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Michigan Fall Tournament // rd: Editors1 | |
| tossup 956 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these people meets Oliphaunt while searching for the elf-queen and is named Thopas. In a story told by one of these people, Saturn prevents a character of this profession from marrying Theseus’s niece. In another novel, bicycle-riding members of this profession rescue (*) Hank Morgan. In one novel, one of these people “of the White Moon” is actually the student Samson Carrasco. In a poem, Bertilak de Hautdesert is transformed by Morgan le Fey into a “green” one of these people. For 10 points, identify these armor-clad warriors exemplified by Gawain and Lancelot. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Maryland Fall // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 957 went dead. -- 23:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A method of visualizing deviations from this law is to plot intensity over omega. This law can be used to predict the position and orientation of Kikuchi lines. Rocking curves are used to plot deviations from this law, which also govern the VHGs used in widely tunable lasers. This law is used alongside a set of selection rules for allowed reflections. This law can be derived by taking a Fourier transform to (*) reciprocal space and drawing an Ewald sphere. It can also be derived by setting the reciprocal lattice vector equal to the incoming wave vector minus the outgoing wave vector and substituting into the Laue (“LAO-uh”) equations. This law states that an integer n times wavelength equals two d sine theta. For 10 points, name this law that describes diffraction by nuclei in a crystal. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Penn Bowl // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 958 went dead. -- 23:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The speaker of a poem by this author wonders if "Anyone looked at me, forty years back / And thought, That'll be the life" and eventually contemplates how the "deep blue air" is "nowhere, and is endless." In another poem by this author, the speaker donates an "Irish sixpence" and comments how "dubious women to make their children touch a particular stone." In another poem by this author about a funerary structure, the speaker describes two figures in a (*) "supine stationary voyage" who prove "What will survive of us is love." This poet of "An Arundel Tomb" wrote about "a serious house on serious earth" in a poem about a title building where the speaker is "sure there is nothing going on." For 10 points, what poet of "Church Going" wrote about how "they fuck you up, your mum and dad" in "This be the Verse?" | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Spartan Housewrite // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 959 went dead. -- 23:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One period in this polity's history is known as the "three years and eight months" and saw incidents like a massacre of wounded soldiers at St. Stephen's College. That period was the result of a battle in this polity that began with the breaching of the Gin Drinkers' Line and ended with the surrender on "Black Christmas" in (*) 1941, leading to Japanese occupation until the end of World War II. At that time, this polity was restored to its previous owner, who had this polity ceded to them in 1842 after the First Opium War. That owner also leased this polity's New Territories for 99 years starting in 1898, after which the entire territory was returned to its original owner. For 10 points, name this colony owned by the British until July 1, 1997, when it was handed over to its current owner, China. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ANGST // rd: Waterloo | |
| tossup 960 went dead. -- 23:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 14. Churchill refers to this man as a “singular genius” with a “cold passion” before quoting him as saying that his country “must never let Russian friendship grow cold.” This leader was challenged to choose which of two sausages had trichinella by Rudolf Virchow, a long-time opponent of this man who eventually supported the May Laws promulgated by this man’s education minister Adalbert (*) Falk. Virchow was the first person to refer to this man’s struggle against the Catholic Church’s influence cas a “Kulturkampf.” This man claimed that the questions of the age will be settled by “blood and iron.” For 10 points, name this “Iron Chancellor” of Prussia. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 BASK // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 961 went dead. -- 23:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One protagonist created by this author spends two years at the Benedictine monastery Mariafels, where he befriends Father Jacobus, and learns from Elder Brother in the Bamboo Grove. Another of this author's protagonists meets a jazz saxophonist who loves Mozart, Pablo, and kills his lover Hermine inside the Magic Theater. Another character created by this author contemplates a river and hears the word "Om," then succeeds his friend as ferryman of the river. Joseph Knecht and Harry Haller are creations of, for 10 points, what German-Swiss novelist, the author of The Glass Bead Game, Siddhartha, and Steppenwolf? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Fall // rd: UNC | |
| tossup 962 went dead. -- 23:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One holder of this office appointed Philip Lynch to lead a government review committee called the "Razor Gang". Another holder of this office had three of his cabinet members die in a plane crash, and successfully won an election by accusing the other party of being controlled by a group of 36 "faceless men". One holder of this position died while swimming in Cheviot Beach, while another was defeated by Bob Hawke after initially winning an election after a 1975 constitutional (*) crisis; those are Harold Holt and Malcolm Fraser. The longest holder of this position referred to the middle class as "The Forgotten People" in one speech and was named Robert Menzies. Its current holder succeeded a figure who apologized for the Stolen Generations. For 10 points, name this post previously held by Kevin Rudd and currently by Julia Gillard, the head of state of a Pacific commonwealth nation. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 963 went dead. -- 23:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Overly dense regions in the primordial plasma are surrounded by spherical shells of acoustical oscillations denoted by this term that serve as standard rulers. Sphaleron transitions can convert a fraction of a number denoted capital L into a number named for this term. WMAP (w-"map") set as 0.024 the critical energy density described by this term times the square of the dimensionless Hubble parameter, small h. The abundance of elements due to big bang nucleosynthesis is determined using the eta parameter, the ratio of particles of this type to photons. Only about 4% of the universe's energy density is from matter made of particles of this type, whose creation is the subject of the Sakharov conditions. For 10 points, what type of particles contain three quarks and are exempli ed by protons and neutrons? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 ACF Regionals // rd: N | |
| tossup 964 went dead. -- 23:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One setback during this campaign came at the city of Clonmel. The Eleven Years' War ended as aresult of this campaign. During one battle in this campaign, Arthur Aston was legendarily beaten todeath with his own wooden leg, for allegedly concealing coins in his head. During one incident in thisevent, St. Peter's Church was set on fire, burning everyone inside to death, and hundreds were eitherkilled or sent to Barbados. The Battle of Rathmines was the first battle in this campaign, whichfeatured a siege at (*) Wexford. After this event, the Penal Laws were passed to force Catholics toconvert to Protestantism. The decision to embrace this campaign came from the Rump Parliament, andresulted in the New Model Army beginning the invasion in 1649. For 10 points, name this bloodyconquest by a Lord Protector of an island which accordingly nurses a long grudge against England. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Closed // rd: Georgia Tech & Williams | |
| tossup 965 went dead. -- 23:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: According to Marco Polo, one ruler of this city converted to Christianity after he sarcastically asked this city's Christians to move a mountain, which they successfully did. Under this city's ruler of Al Ma'mum, the Greek classics were translated into Arabic in this city's House of Wisdom. This city gives its name to the contents inside a terracotta pot which suggests the first electrochemical cell, called this city's namesake "battery." In 1258, the Mongols led by Hulagu Khan sacked this capital city of the Abbasids. In modern times, the Coalition Provisional Government established the Green Zone in this city. For 10 points, name this modern-day capital of Iraq. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Illinois Fall Tournament // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 966 went dead. -- 23:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a story by an author with this first name, the protagonist begins to hate “Chanel and furs and good food” after her one night stand demands that she take a bath. Another author with this first name ended a story with the protagonist sitting in her parents’ basement between boxes of Barbies, thinking “the sensation of being outside yourself” “isn’t such a bad feeling at all.” An author with this first name wrote about Meg’s night with Mr. Breen in “The Man in the Brooks Brothers Shirt”, a story in The Company She Keeps. An author with this first name wrote Because She Wanted To, as well as a story about the (*) typist Debby, who is aroused by her boss spanking her. The story “Secretary” appears in Bad Behavior, by an author with this first name and surname Gaitskill. For 10 points, give the first name of Edmund Wilson’s wife, who wrote about Kay Strong and her friends from Vassar in The Group. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PIANO // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 967 went dead. -- 23:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This work's narrator takes on a job previously held by a Dane named Fresleven who died in a dispute over some hens. The narrator of this work notes that "the snake had charmed me" in reference to a map he pored over as a child. A Russian assistant to this work's protagonist is called "Harlequin" because of his multicolored clothing. Another character in this work paints a dark portrait of his fiance and ends a report with the line "Exterminate all the Brutes!" This work takes place aboard the Nellie as Charles Marlow describes a man whose lasts words were "The horror, the horror!" For 10 points, name this work by Joseph Conrad about a voyage up the Congo to find Kurtz. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Fall // rd: CalTech A | |
| tossup 968 went dead. -- 23:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The theory of these objects began with a 1909 paper by A. K. Erlang concerning telephone calls. M/G/1 is an example of the notation developed by David Kendeall to describe these objects. Unlike a depth-first search, a breadth-first search uses one of these data structures to track the vertices to be explored. A variant of these data structures that is used in the A* [STAR] search algorithm stores elements by their priority. Often contrasted with stacks, these data structures are described as FIFO, or first-in first-out. For 10 points, name these data structures that can represent a line of waiting people or a list of movies to be watched on Netflix. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Delta Burke // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 969 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Hennie and Stearns proved more complex forms of these mathematical constructs were at most logT more efficient. The "o" variant of these constructs rely on an outside oracle. These constructscorrespond to type 0 grammars, and they were put forth in a paper about the Entscheidungsproblem(ent-SHY-dungs-proh-blem). When they can have more than one rule at each stage, they are called(*) non-deterministic. The question of whether an arbitrary one of these objects ever stops in called thehalting problem. These objects have a read-write head and an infinitely long tape, while universal ones canrun any known algorithm. For 10 points, name these models of computation devised by a British computerscientist. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 PACE NSC // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 970 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: At one time, this group was thought to have been bankrolled by MGM Studios. One part of this group was known as the "Khaki Shirts." Charles Coughlin donated five thousand dollars to this group with the stipulation that it "keep clear of all communist leaders." Pelham Glassford twice reinstated Walter Waters as the leader of this group, which Gladwin Bland described as "an immense hobo jungle." This group was evicted from tents in Anacostia Flats by forces under Douglas MacArthur. For 10 points, name this group that marched on Washington in 1931 demanding immediate payment of insurance certificates issued for their service in World War I. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 NASAT // rd: 20.pdf | |
| tossup 971 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This force names the cross-terms composed of the product of two different generalized coordinates inthe Euler-Lagrange equations. This force stabilizes the fourth and fifth Lagrange points. It opposespressure in geostrophic flow. Because this force always acts perpendicular to the velocity of the bob at theend of (*) Foucault's pendulum, it does no work on the bob. The magnitude of this force is given as two times thecross product of an angular velocity and a linear velocity. The namesake coefficient of this force is proportional tothe sine of the latitude and the rotation rate of Earth. It explains why a ball thrown from a carousel appears todeflect, depending on the hemisphere. For 10 points, name this fictitious force seen in rotating reference frames. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 PACE NSC // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 972 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A member of this dynasty was influenced by George Cassander's theology to create the Nova Ordinantia and the Red Book liturgy. A king of this dynasty commissioned Louis de Geer's blast furnaces and allowed de Geer to sell copper from the Falun mine. A giant warship named for this dynasty sank on its maiden voyage thanks to its low gunports. This dynasty allied with France by the Treaty of Barwalde and won land in the Treaty of Stolbovo after the (*) Ingrian war. A "bloodbath" orchestrated by Archbishop Trolle led this dynasty's founder to revolt against Christian II. A king of this dynasty was advised by Axel Oxenstierna and died at Lützen after winning the Battle of Breitenfeld. For 10 points, name this Swedish dynasty of Gustavus Adolphus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 STIMPY // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 973 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: . One type of this reaction uses a chromiun dichloride reagent added to a di- or tri-halogenated carbon compound, leading to an E2 mechanism in a reaction named for Takai. One type of this reaction uses an alpha-silyl carbanion to form a beta-hydroxysilane intermediate. Another type of this reaction has a phenyl sulfone reactant and uses a sodium amalgam catalyst. This reaction can be carried out using an organometallic reagent containing aluminum and titanium that will cause a petasis reaction, while other types of this reaction include the Peterson and Julia-Lythgoe types. A modification to the most well-known example of this type of reaction uses excess lithium to stop a betaine intermediate from forming. That reaction proceeds via an oxaphosphetane intermediate generated when a carbonyl reactant binds to a phosphonium ylide. For 10 points, name this type of reaction that can be carried out using Tebbe's reagent or through the Wittig reaction, a reaction sees the formation of a double bond between two carbon atoms. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Nationals // rd: Ohio State | |
| tossup 974 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one essay, this author claimed that women are not able to express themselves since the “whole way of life is like a mask.” This author defines the word “chingada” as “a mythical figure” and not a “mother of flesh.” This author wrote about the “mistress of Cortes” in “The Sons of (*) La Malinche.” A poem by this author begins and ends by describing a curving river and opens “a willow of crystal; a poplar of water.” This author wrote a 584-line poem corresponding to the 584 days of the Aztec calendar. For 10 points, name this Mexican author of the essay collection The Labyrinth of Solitude and the poem “Sunstone.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ILLIAC // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 975 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Materials that become sediment through changes in this quantity are classified according to theBouma sequence. This property is typically measured with Jackson Units, which uses the visibility ofa flame as a standard of reference. Although it is not transparency, a circle with 2 black and 2 whiteregions is used to measure this property of a fluid - that apparatus is the Secchi Disk. Circulationdriven by this quantity can be induced by (*) soil liquefaction. Adding plankton or runoff to a liquidincreases this quantity, which causes sediment to flow underwater. For 10 points, name this measure of amurkiness of water, typically caused by particles suspended in the liquid. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 976 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Pressure is proportional to the exponential of this quantity in the hypsometric equation. Devices measuring this quantity often have three pointers and use an aneroid barometer. As this quantity increases, temperature decreases, then increases, then decreases again, since the lapse rate changes sign. The Karman line is defined as the limit of this quantity at which (*) lift velocity equals orbital velocity. Gravitational acceleration decreases with the square of this quantity. It increases from the mesosphere to the thermosphere to the exosphere. For 10 points, name this quantity, the distance an object is from the surface of the earth. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 BISB (Brookwood Invitational Scholars' Bowl) // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 977 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One work by this person claims that the modern writer ‘insists on going directly to life for everything’ and is set in a Nottinghamshire library. Another work by this writer argues that Thomas Griffiths Wainewright’s literary qualities are strengthened by his being a murderer. This author of ‘Pen, Pencil and Poison’ wrote one work as a dialogue between Cyril and Vivian, in which they argue that ‘Life imitates Art far more than Art imitates Life’. This person’s role in the Aesthetic movement led them to adopt the slogan ‘art for art’s sake’, which plays an important role in their only novel about the painter Basil Hallward. For 10 points, name this author of ‘The Decay of Lying’ whose ideas underpinned works such as The Picture of Dorian Gray. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 Oxford Online // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 978 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one narrative poem by this author, the title Roman noblewoman commits suicide after being raped by Tarquin. In another poem, this author described the funeral of two birds whose love was so powerful their cremation yields the birth of a more beautiful bird. This author of The Rape of Lucrece and The Phoenix and the Turtle created a character based on the knight John Oldcastle who was so popular with Queen Elizabeth that she wished to see that character "in love." FTP what author thus used Falstaff in his The Merry Wives of Windsor, a playwright of other plays such as Othello and The Tempest? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Delta Burke // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 979 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The annual summer “layoff” of sugar-cane cutters Roo and Barney is disrupted in Australian playwright Ray Lawler’s Summer of the Seventeenth [of these objects]. A foul-mouthed character named for one of these objects berates Ancient Pistol and woos Falstaff in the Boar’s-Head Tavern. A character named for one of these objects interrupts a play’s opening bickering by asking “Will you undo yourselves with civil war?” and later pretends to be the “Queen of Fairy.” The name of this object was a byword for prostitute during the Elizabethan era. Being called (*) “little skylark” and “little squirrel” leads a character to compare herself to one of these objects. That character notes she hasn’t had a serious conversation with her husband in eight years before comparing herself, as her father had done, to one of these objects. For 10 points, Nora Helmer likes herself to what sort of plaything in a Henrik Ibsen play? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: Words and Objects // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 980 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This fictional character gets drunk for "only the second time in [his] life" at a party with the redhead Catherine and the dislikeable couple the McKees in New York City with his cousin's husband and his mistress. After a luxurious party thrown by his neighbor, this character sees Owl Eyes drunkenly abandon his car in a muddy ditch, and soon after he takes his cousin's advice to begin dating a woman who cheated to win her first golf tournament. Initially awed by his neighbor's wealth, this character finds that neighbor's body floating in his pool after being shot by George Wilson. FTP who is this cousin of Daisy Buchanan, the narrator of The Great Gatsby? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Delta Burke // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 981 went dead. -- 23:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This king was accused of improperly seducing Matilda by a man who later served as the “Marshal of the Army of God and Holy Church.” Robert Fitzwalter rebelled against this man as part of a group of 25 nobles, and Innocent III excommunicated him because he refused to recognize (*) Stephen Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury. This king gained his nickname from his paltry inheritance compared to his brothers, and his defeat by the French at Bouvines forced him to meet with a group of barons at Runnymede in 1215. For 10 points, name this British king who was forced to sign the Magna Carta. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 982 went dead. -- 23:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A man shows this character his method for tying shoes after she compliments his boots. This woman does not marry a biologist acquaintance as a mutual friend wishes. While she is sitting on a lawn, another character nearly runs into her reciting "The Charge of the Light Brigade." This character becomes angry after a man tells her, "women can't write, women can't paint." This woman and Charles Tansley are both guests of a family whose mother dies in the section "Time Passes," and whose father annoys his son James by telling him the rain will prevent James from visiting the novel's title structure. For 10 points, name this painter staying with the Ramsays in To the Lighthouse. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 NASAT // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 983 went dead. -- 23:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The encephalitis-causing powassan flavivirus is carried by this vector. These organisms are the vector for an allergy to alpha-gal that causes sufferers to not tolerate mammal meat. The genus Ixodes includes many examples of these organisms, which have hard dorsal plates. Species of rickettsia carried by these organisms can cause Helvetic and (*) Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a disease sometimes called this organism’s “typhus,” and other examples carry spirochetes in the genus Borrelia. These arthropods use their hypostome to penetrate the skin of other animals. For 10 points, name these arachnids, blood sucking parasites, some of which are carried by deer and transmit Lyme disease. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Terrapin // rd: 07 | |
| tossup 984 went dead. -- 23:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this novel writes an unsuccessful book, so he joins the pan-Slav movement. Another character breaks his horse Frou-Frou’s back in a race against Gladiator. A major character in this story consults a French clairvoyant named Landau, who told him not to file fir divorce. Princess (*) Kitty Scherbatsky eventually marries Constantin Levin in this novel that depicts Stiva Oblonsky’s cheating on his wife Dolly. This novel begins “Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.” For ten points, name this Leo Tolstoy novel about the title woman who kills herself by jumping in front of a train. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Montgomery Blair Academic Tournament (MBAT) // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 985 went dead. -- 23:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: "Calculus racked" and "Tussis attacked" the subject of this author's poem "A Grammarian's Funeral." The subject of one of his poems refers to "a great text in Galatians" which "entails / Twenty-nine distinct damnations" as he condemns the indulgences of Brother Lawrence, while another of his poems begins by exclaiming "Grow old along with me! / The best is yet to be." This author of "Soliloquy of the Spanish Cloister" and "Rabbi Ben Ezra" and the collection Dramatis Personae wrote of someone who "found a thing to do" in strangling the title character with her own hair. His best-known poem reflects on a man with a "nine-hundred-years-old name" who is proud of a statue of "Neptune... taming a sea-horse" by Claus of Innsbruck. FTP, name this poet of "Porphyria's Lover" and "My Last Duchess." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 ACF Winter // rd: Harvard | |
| tossup 986 went dead. -- 23:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: . It’s not an ethnicity, but the white stripe of the Five Races Under One Union flag signified members of this minority group. The members of the Kansu Braves were part of this minority, as were the leaders of the Ma Clique. A man born into this minority group presented a giraffe to the Yongle Emperor after one of his treasure ship expeditions to the Indian Ocean. The eunuch Zheng He [“ZHUNG HUH”] belonged to this religious minority, and it is the majority religion of Xinjiang [“shin-JYANG”] province. For 10 points, most Uyghurs are members of what religion that was introduced to China by companions of Muhammad? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Fall // rd: Editors 1 | |
| tossup 987 went dead. -- 23:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Mixmaster universe theory was proposed by Misner to explain the problem of this name bysuggesting that the universe had a chaotic epooch. The cosmic censorship hypothesis holds that allsolutions of Einstein Field equations lie beyond a region of this name. The altitude, the azimuth andthe zenith distance are the three coordinates in a system which assumes that this region on Earth isthe fundamental plane. The (*) problem of this name concerns how regions of the universe could appearso similar despite the distance between them and was solved by inflationary theory. One region of thisname is a boundary from which light cannot escape. For 10 points, the point of no return for a black hole isthe colloquial term for the "event" type of what region? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 24 | |
| tossup 988 went dead. -- 23:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Shelina Janmohamed described her time finding a partner in North London in her memoir titled Love in [one of these objects]. Margaret Atwood wrote a New York Times review titled “[These Objects] to Die For” of a 2004 novel translated by Maureen Freely. Teslime is considered the first in a group of characters named for these objects. A character challenges a film star by saying these items protect people from “the animal instincts of men in the street” during a taped conversation in a pastry shop that ends with him killing Professor Yilmaz for (*) restricting the use of these objects. The National Theatre puts on a play titled My Fatherland or [this object], during which soldiers fire into the audience during a live broadcast. The leader of a group named for these clothing items loves the revolutionary Blue, and accidentally shoots actor Sunay Kaim after she removes one of them during a staging of Thomas Kyd’s Spanish Tragedy. For 10 points, the poet Ka investigates a series of suicides arising from bans on women wearing what clothing items in Orhan Pamuk’s novel Snow? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: Words and Objects // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 989 went dead. -- 23:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This world leader overhyped his war record in his poorly written trilogy of memoirs that began with The Small Land. An assassin that tried to shoot this man at the Borovitsky Gate was judged to be insane because only a lunatic would try to kill this man. A photograph depicted this leader kissing Erich Honecker, and the “Era of Stagnation” began during his leadership. With the American president, this man participated in the (*) Strategic Arms Limitation Talks. His namesake doctrine authorized intervention if socialist countries began to turn towards capitalism, which justified a 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia during Prague Spring, as well as a later invasion of Afghanistan. For 10 points, name this successor to Nikita Khrushchev as General Secretary of the Soviet Union. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 MUT // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 990 went dead. -- 23:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This city's Communist Party leaders were purged during a namesake "affair," and it was the site of the Decemberist revolt. This city was the site of a 900 day siege by German forces during the Second World War, though it is better known for the arrival of a figure by sealed train from Switzerland; that man was this city's (*) namesake for much of the twentieth century. Name this former capital of Russia, built by and named after a Czar known as "the Great," whose Soviet name was Leningrad. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 991 went dead. -- 23:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Singmaster's conjecture states that all but one of the positive numbers in this construct appear a constant number of times. The sum of the values running along a "heel" of this entity equals its "toe," according to the Christmas Stocking Theorem. The time-space diagram of Rule 90 generates a modulo-two version of this construct called Sierpiński's sieve. The Fibonacci sequence can be generated by summing the shallow (*) diagonals of this construct. When expanding the expression x plus y, all to the nth power, the coefficients of the polynomial are given by the nth row of this construct. Entries in its nth row are generated by summing two values from its n minus one-th row. For 10 points, name this geometric array of numbers that is named for a 17th-century French mathematician. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 PACE NSC // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 992 went dead. -- 23:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: F-box protein TIR1 is a receptor for these compounds. These compounds activate proton pumps which in turn activate expansins. These compounds move via a namesake "polar transport" whose direction is controlled by PIN proteins. These compounds cause elongation per the acid growth hypothesis. Two of these compounds were mixed to make Agent Orange. An experiment involving growth of a coleoptile of monocots on agar led to the discovery of these compounds and their role in phototropism. The most common form of these compounds in nature is indole-3-acetic acid. For 10 points, name this plant hormone which promotes growth. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Fall // rd: LA Tech and Dartmouth | |
| tossup 993 went dead. -- 23:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poem compares a woman's voice to "the voice the stars had when they sang together" after that woman sees "time like a pulse shake fierce through all the worlds." One character in this poem imagines lying in the shadow of the "living mystic tree" before meeting "Cecily, Gertrude, Magdalen, Margaret, and Rosalys," the five handmaidens of "the lady Mary." In this poem's final stanza, the central character lays her face between her hands and weeps, causing the speaker, in parentheses, to respond "I heard her tears." Its main character stands on "the rampart of God's house" and holds "three lilies in her hand," and thinks of reuniting with her lover in the afterlife. This poem is named for a woman who "lean'd out from the gold bar of heaven." For 10 points, name this poem about a grieving angel by Dante Gabriel Rossetti. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Nationals // rd: Editors 5 | |
| tossup 994 went dead. -- 23:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A poem asks if one of these things can “sing an aria down these rooms” or “fight with fried potatoes / And yesterday’s garbage ripening in the hall,” after contrasting this word with “feeding a wife” and “satisfying a man.” This word is contrasted with “rent” in the poem “Kitchenette Building.” The lines “Good morning, daddy! / Ain’t you heard?” begin and close a collection titled for these things. The speaker wishes “To whirl and to dance / Till the white day is done” before describing (*) “Night coming tenderly,” in a poem titled “[this thing] Variations.” They name a collection of a Montage of [these things], and a different poem asks whether these things “stink like rotten meat? / Or crust and sugar over-/like a syrupy sweet?” or “dry up / like a raisin in the sun?” For 10 points, Langston Hughes’s “Harlem” asks what happens to which kind of thing “deferred?” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 WAO II // rd: 02 | |
| tossup 995 went dead. -- 23:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Along with Jesse Collings, this man adopted Eli Hamshire's slogan of "three acres and a cow" as his promise for reformers. Elected mayor of Birmingham after a brilliant career as the head of a screw manufacturing concern, this man was known as a "gas and water Socialist" and his first significant cabinet post was as president of the Board of Trade. Late in life this man championed a tariff union meant to protect his nation from competition with American manufacturers, an issue over which he broke with Arthur Balfour. (*) Along with Lord Hartington, this man was the main leader of the Liberal Unionists, who broke from Gladstone's Liberals over the question of Irish Home Rule. As Colonial Secretary under his rival Lord Salisbury, this man instructed the British colonists not to assist the Jameson Raid, though he later helped persecute the Second Boer War. For 10 points, name this British politician and staunch advocate of imperialism, the father of Austen and Neville. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 996 went dead. -- 23:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character's blood is characterized as "[full of] semicolons and parentheses" by another character in the work in which he appears. He is flattered to be asked to model for a portrait of Aquinas by the painter Naumann, who really wants to sketch his wife. The small works he dubs his (*) "parerga" are used as an excuse for not completing his magnum opus, a work which his wife agrees to learn Latin and Greek to help him complete. He allows his cousin to live on his estate, Lowick, but he adds a codicil to his will forbidding his wife to marry after his death after he begins to suspect Will Ladislaw of coveting her. Never finishing his "Key to All Mythologies," this is, for 10 points, what pedantic clergyman, the husband of Dorothea Brooke in George Eliot's Middlemarch. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Chicago Open // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 997 went dead. -- 23:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Fawn Hall received a lighter punishment in the aftermath of this event due to her intimate knowledge of her boss's rolodex. This event was exposed in the Ash-Shiraa magazine, and in response, the President hired John Tower to head a group that ultimately cleared his name, while implicating Robert McFarlane, John Poindexter, and Oliver North, who all held roles on the National Security Council. Acting in violation of the Boland Amendment, the motivation for this action was both an exchange of hostages using Israel as an intermediary and an anti-Sandinista sentiment within the US government. For 10 points, name this scandal of the Reagan administration marked by covert exchanges of money and arms with both a Middle Eastern country and a Nicaraguan rebel group. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Delta Burke // rd: DB 2010 round 6.doc | |
| tossup 998 went dead. -- 23:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a story in this collection, a man pretends to be a cripple so that he and his two companions can easily make their way through a crowd to see a German saint. An overly generous man in this collection befriends a sickly boy who covets his prized falcon, which he later cooks and serves to the boy's mother. In the first story in this collection, a terminally ill businessman travels to Burgundy and is made a saint after he convinces a gullible friar that he is sorry for his many sins. In a story in this collection, a woman is made (*) Marchioness after her children are taken away and supposedly killed by her husband, the Marquis of Saluzzo. Dioneo, Pampinea, and Fiammetta narrate the tales in this collection, which are told in a villa outside Florence. For 10 points, name this collection of a hundred tales written by Giovanni Boccaccio. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 STIMPY // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 999 went dead. -- 23:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The first Damkohler number just equals this quantity times the residence time. Three of these quantities get the subscripts “cat,” “1,” and “minus 1” in the derivation of the Michaelis-Menten equation. The ratio between two of these quantities gives the kinetic isotope effect. The units for this quantity are inverse-seconds times inverse-molarity for a second-order reaction. If you plot the logarithm of this quantity against “negative one over RT,” the graph’s slope will be the activation energy. The Arrhenius equation shows how this quantity increases with temperature. For 10 points, name this constant symbolized lowercase k, which characterizes how fast a chemical reaction occurs. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 ACF Fall // rd: Cambridge B_Knox A_MSU A_UConn A | |
| tossup 1000 went dead. -- 23:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One leader of this people, Tom Blunt, ordered the release of Swiss colonist Christopher von Graffenried but authorized the death of John Lawson. Thomas Pollack's forces were aided by the Barnwell Expedition and supplies sent by Virginia's Alexander Spotswood in capturing this hemp-growing people's stronghold, Fort Neoheroka. During that war, named for this group, New (*) Bern was abandoned after the Chowan and Roanoke massacres. This tribe founded Martinsburg, West Virginia during their subsequent migration northward. For 10 points, name these people who fought a war in North Carolina in the 1710s and then became the sixth nation of the Iroquois. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 College History Bowl // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 1001 went dead. -- 23:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these was led by Charles Deslondes on the German Coast of the Orleans Territory, and another saw rain end a march targeting James Monroe, then the governor of Virginia. In addition to that one led by Gabriel Prosser, another organized by Denmark Vesey was planned for Bastille Day 1822. John Quincy Adams defended the participants of the one on the (*) Amistad. Name these events, which saw men like Nat Turner rebel against Southern white plantation owners in the U.S. before the Emancipation Proclamation. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 1002 went dead. -- 23:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Dissidents suppressed during this man's tenure included Joseph Brodsky. In his successful bid for power, this man's co-conspirator was Nikolai Podgornyi. In one speech, this man declared an "alliance of the working class with science" to oppose the reform program of Aleksei Kosygin. Earlier, Kosygin and this man had shared power in a "collective leadership." While in office, this man negotiated the second (*) SALT treaty with Jimmy Carter and dispatched troops to resist the mujahideen in Afghanistan. He had earlier dispatched Soviet forces to put down the Prague Spring as implementation of his namesake "Doctrine" declaring the right of intervention when socialism was threatened. Yuri Andropov succeeded this man after his 1982 death. For 10 points, name this General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union who succeeded Nikita Khrushchev. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 QUARK // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 1003 went dead. -- 23:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This process can be induced in cells by sodium deoxycholate or NP-40. In another context, the Rz and Rz1 proteins help induce this process. Gram-positive bacteria undergo this process when acted upon by an enzyme present in hen egg white also known as muramidase. In protists, this process is continually averted by the action of acidocalcisomes in tandem with contractile vacuoles. This process occurs when a cell is placed in an excessively hypotonic solution. A viral reproduction cycle named for the fact that it causes the host cell to undergo this process is contrasted with the lysogenic cycle. For 10 points, name this general process in which a cell is destroyed via the rupturing of its membrane. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Regionals // rd: Chicago A + Maggie Walker HS + Yale A | |
| tossup 1004 went dead. -- 23:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: It’s not superconductivity, but Landau formulated a theory of these phenomena divided into universality classes by their critical exponents. This non-magnetic phenomenon occurs in the 2-dimensional Ising model when aligned magnetic moments become disordered at the Curie temperature. Second-order ones are continuous and first-order ones involve latent heat. A diagram of these for water is shaped like a Y and plots pressure against temperature. They occur at critical points, when several forms of a substance can coexist. For 10 points, name these transformations which include melting and boiling. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Prison Bowl VIII // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 1005 went dead. -- 23:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A tossup on this disease in ACF Nationals 2006 noted that it was diagnosed by searching the EEG for triphasic spikes. The inherited form of this disease is caused by mutations on the PRNP gene, and cases of this disease from transplanted corneas and improperly sterilized electrodes in the brain are called (+) "iatrogenic" cases, which contrasts with the "sporadic" cases. One form of this disease includes higher levels of 14-3-3 proteins, high levels of PrPSc, and an MRI giving a (*) pulvinar sign" are associated with this disease's "variant" form. This incurable disease leads to ataxia, dementia, and death within one year, as a result of cavities forming in the brain. For 10 points, identify this disorder, a spongiform encephalopathy in humans which is caused by prions and is often associated with mad cow disease, named for two German scientists. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Guerrilla at ICT // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 1006 went dead. -- 23:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After making a fortune in this industry, the Welser family was briefly granted colonial rights to Venezuela by Charles V. During the 15th century, several colonies in the Black Sea were governed by a Genoan firm in this industry named after Saint George. An early variation of this industry emerged when the Knights Templar began issuing special letters to pilgrims. In the 16th century, Europe's copper trade was monopolized by a member of this industry named Jakob (YAH-kop) the (*) Rich, who led the Fugger (FOOG-gur) family. Its "fractional-reserve" variety was pioneered in Amsterdam during the 17th century. Under Philip II, Spain declared bankruptcy five times to avoid paying its debts to this industry, in which the Medicis earned their first fortune. For 10 points, name this industry of the Rothschild family. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: 18 | |
| tossup 1007 went dead. -- 23:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character created by this author believes his wife to be unfaithful after he finds a prince's dagger in her bedroom, and so orders a bloodletter to bleed her to death. In another of this author's works, Isabel is raped by a soldier billeted in her father's house. In one work by him, citizens revolt at the possibility of the Duke of Muscovy becoming their next king, and Rosaura plots to kill Astolfo. This playwright of The Surgeon of His Honor wrote a play in which the king resolves a conflict between Captain Don Alvaro and the farmer Pedro Crespo, who is raised to the title office. His best-known work centers on the Prince of Poland, Segismundo, who has been imprisoned in a tower. For 10 points, name this Spanish Golden Age playwright of The Mayor of Zalamea and Life is a Dream. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Regionals // rd: Northwestern A + Hunter | |
| tossup 1008 went dead. -- 23:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After World War I, this country occupied most of Hungary, removing Bolsheviks from power. Its oil fields at Ploiesti were often bombed, since they were the Axis's largest. King Michael's coup led this country to switch sides to the Allies in 1944. The anti-Semitic Iron Guard gained power in this country during the 1930s. Many protesters were killed in its city (*) Timisoara by a leader who issued the July Theses. It had a secret police called the Securitate under a leader who was executed on Christmas in 1989, along with his wife Elena. For 10 points, identify this Eastern European nation once led by Nicolae Ceausescu ["chow-SHESH-koo"]. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 BHSAT // rd: Round 5 | |
| tossup 1009 went dead. -- 23:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man was the first ever to serve in the position as House Minority Whip. As Chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, he pushed through the Revenue Act of 1913 which occasionally bears his name. For 10 points, name this Alabama politician and enemy of the Klan, who received his state's favorite son votes on more than 100 ballots at the 1924 Democratic convention. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Cheyne American History // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 1010 went dead. -- 23:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This law introduced the HOUSSE criteria. Lamar Alexander and Patty Murray sponsored a bipartisan bill in 2015 to amend this law, without allowing for “portability”. This law was written by John Boehner in the House and Ted Kennedy in the Senate. This incarnation of the ESEA program introduced three criteria for people to be labelled as (*) “highly qualified.” 32 states requested a waiver after failing to meet this law’s standards by 2012. This law requires that any institution receiving Title I funds must meet annual yearly progress. For 10 points, name this 2001 education law, which mandates standardized testing and advancement of all students. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 BISB (Brookwood Invitational Scholars' Bowl) // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 1011 went dead. -- 23:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 6. Due to this people’s tradition of matrilineal descent, the Treaty of Middle Plantation was signed by the female chief Cockacoeske [koh-ka-koh-ess-kay]. The construction of Fort Charles, Fort James, and Fort Royal preceded an assault that resulted in the deportation of this tribe’s males over age 11 and the installation of Necotowance [neck-oh-toh-wants] as a tributary chief. This tribe was led by a paramount chief reported to by subordinate chiefs called weroances [weh-row-ahnt-siz], among whom was a leader of the (*) Pamunkey; that leader would later order a massacre that Richard Pace was warned about by a Christianized member of this tribe. A series of wars between this tribe and English settlers involved the chieftain Opechancanough [oh-pah-CHAHN-kah-noh]. Following his daughter’s capture by Samuel Argall, this tribe’s most famous chief acceded to her being allowed to marry John Rolfe and stay in Jamestown. For 10 points, name this confederacy of Algonquian-speaking tribes whose namesake chieftain fathered Pocahontas. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Historature // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 1012 went dead. -- 23:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Calculations in this theory can be simplified in a manifold named for Minkowski. This theoryincludes the "pole in the barn" and "twin" paradoxes, and it predicts length contraction and timedilation. This theory assumes the (*) speed of light to be constant in all reference frames; that fact canbe used to derive E = mc2. For 10 points, name this theory, proposed by Einstein before its "general"counterpart. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SCOP Novice // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 1013 went dead. -- 23:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character joins a Morocan monastery after his roommate Kurt hangs himself in a German concentration camp. The protagonist marries the sister of his college friend Boy Mulcaster, and she gives birth to his daughter Caroline while he is on a two year expedition exploring ruins in South America. Much of this novel takes place at Oxford, where Mr. Samgrass fail to prevent Sebastian from living the life of a drunkard. This novel opens with the protagonist being billeted in the central locale by the army, and one character in this work openly lives with his mistress Cara in Venice. Sebastian's sister Julia marries Rex Mottram but carries on an affair with the protagonist, ultimately refusing to marry him for fear of a life of sin. For 10 points name this novel about the "Sacred and Profane Memories of Captain Charles Ryder," a painter who spends time with the Marchmain family at the title estate, a work of Evelyn Waugh. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 VCU Open // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 1014 went dead. -- 23:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this work, the senior clerk Robert Cokeson discovers that William Falder has forged a check to help his love Ruth Honeywill, and he's defended by Lawyer Frome. FTP, name this play by John Galworthy, which mocks the prison system and the courts which supposedly uphold the title principle. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 The Experiment II // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 1015 went dead. -- 23:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An early one of these devices from Sony known as the SOBAX was killed because Ibuka Masaru thought there was only a market for them amongst businessmen. Nihon Keisanki, one of the sixty Japanese companies that made these things during their so-called "wars" in the 1970s, developed the world's first microprocessor. Patrick Haggerty dreamed up a (*) palm-sized device of this type to sell the integrated circuits of his Dallas-based company. The awesomely named Rocket Sasaki challenged his engineers at Sharp to make the first solar-powered one. A man playing with one of these devices on a train inspired Gunpei Yokoi to develop the Game & Watch. Canon was the first to add a phone-style 10-digit pad to them. For 10 points, the TI-83 is what type of device for making math easy? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 A Culture of Improvement // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 1016 went dead. -- 23:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A substance's bulk modulus has the same units as this quantity, and is equal to "negative volume times the derivative of this value with respect to volume." A reference value of 20 millionths of this quantity's SI unit is used to define the decibel in acoustics. This value is equalized in all directions and at all points in a fluid according to (*) Pascal's principle. This value is added to kinetic and potential terms to give a constant in Bernoulli's equation, which implies that this value decreases if a fluid's velocity increases. For 10 points, name this quantity equal to force divided by the area over which it is applied, which is measured in the atmosphere with a barometer. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 BHSAT // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 1017 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Description acceptable. A poster designed for this program depicts a rabbit handing a bouquet of flowers to a child in an orange jumpsuit, one of several depictions of “little guests.” A clause inserted by Frank Wolf into the 2011 federal budget prohibits American collaboration with this program. A fictional member of this program describes being attacked by a creature that looks like a giant oak tree in a dying message sent to Heywood Floyd. This program was intensified following a letter known as the “5-19 Commentary,” and developed out of “Project (*) 581.” In 2013, this program, which is headed by CNSA, achieved the soft-landing of Yùtù. Like its country’s nuclear program, this program’s “grandfather” is generally considered to be Qián Xuésēn [chyen shweh-SUN]. For 10 points, name this program that uses “Long March” rockets to launch its Shénzhōu [shun JOH] spacecraft. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open // rd: Play-In Game | |
| tossup 1018 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this conflict, one side mistook Japanese characters for Chinese ones on farm equipment at the site of one battle. In another theater of this war, an engagement at the Valley of Tears stopped one side’s advance towards the city of Haifa. One side’s Prime Minister was criticized for (*) her decision to not launch a preemptive strike on two neighbors and resigned after this conflict. Anwar el-Sadat and Hafez al-Assad coordinated assaults on the Suez Canal and the Golan Heights that started, for 10 points, what war pitting Israel against Egypt and Syria, named for its beginning on a high holy day? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 RMBCT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 1019 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: According to documents discovered in 2010, this person was the subject of possible Nazi-supported coup that would haveinstalled Secretary of Agriculture Saturnino Cedillo. This electoral defeater of Jose Gonzalo Escobar deported apredecessor to the United States. Josephus Daniels was the U.S. ambassador to this leader, who restored the ejido programof land reform. This leader's rise to power began when Manuel Pérez (*) Treviño lost out on succeeding an interim president.This person's mentor, who reigned during an era known as the Maximato, was Plutarco Calles. This leader justified an action ofgovernment expropriation under Article 27 of the Constitution. For 10 points, name this Mexican president who nationalized oilreserves, creating PEMEX. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Minnesota Open // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 1020 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Syntheses of molecules with this property often employ auxiliaries via asymmetric induction. The fact that Mosher's acid has this property allows it to be used as a derivatizing agent to change the NMR shift of other molecules with this property. Meso compounds notably do not have this property due to a plane of symmetry, and it was first studied in crystals of tartaric acid by Louis Pasteur. Molecules with this property are labeled as R or S using the (*) Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules. Molecules with this property rotate plane polarized light, meaning they are optically active. For 10 points, name this property of some molecules which makes them distinct from their mirror images, which can be roughly defined as handedness. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 PACE NSC // rd: 16 | |
| tossup 1021 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The second chapter of a book from this dynasty opens with the narrator describing his childhood ability to stare directly at the sun, and then recounting how he was stung by a worm while masturbating. In that book from this dynasty, the narrator’s wife brings in a mistress ostensibly “for her husband,” but later becomes despondent and dies after that mistress is stolen by a wealthy man. In a story from this dynasty, a scholar’s heart is ripped out by the (*) “painted-skin” demon Huàpí. A memoir from this dynasty was rediscovered 70 years after its completion, but only four of its title number of chapters survive. A historical narrative from this dynasty was interwoven with short stories from it in The Death of Woman Wang by Jonathan Spence. Shěn Fù [shun FOO] and Pú Sōnglíng wrote Six Records of a Floating Life and Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio during—for 10 points—what dynasty in which Cáo Xuěqín [tsao shyoo-eh cheen] wrote Dream of the Red Chamber? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Chicago Open // rd: 11 Editors 1 | |
| tossup 1022 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character runs away because she believes that she has accidentally scalped her employer, when in reality she has just pulled off her wig. Her time in the Calle República is ended by an event known as the Revolt of the Whores. This character's godmother gives birth to a two-headed baby, but panics and throws it down a garbage chute. She refers to porcelain as the Universal Matter, and uses it to make a fake grenade to assist the guerrillas in breaking some prisoners out of Santa MarÃa, an event which she writes into an episode of a telenovela. She is conceived after a gardener nearly dies of a snakebite and Consuelo comforts him by having sex with him. For a time she lives with the Turkish shop owner Riad HalabÃ, and through Huberto Naranjo she meets her eventual lover Rolf Carlé. For 10 points, name this Scheherazade-like title character of an Isabel Allende novel. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 1023 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this work has a mouse-trap and beehive attached to his horse, which wears anklets to guard it against shark-bites. One character in this work screams about pricking her finger on a brooch and bandages it before it happens. Like its predecessor, this work was illustrated by John Tenniel. One character in this work explains that it takes all the running one can do to keep in the same place. In a poem in this work, one character declares that "The time has comeÂ…to talk of many things" such as "cabbages and kings" while taking oysters on a walk before eating them. Another poem in this work features the Jubjub bird and the frumious Bandersnatch and sees the title creature slain with a vorpal blade. For 10 points, name this work that includes "The Walrus and the Carpenter" and "The Jabberwock" by Lewis Carroll, the sequel to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Regionals // rd: Editors 2 | |
| tossup 1024 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The head of this organization often repeated the line "God made the country but man made thetowns," and a key early victory for it was the defeat of Myron Herrick's reelection as Governor ofOhio. H.L. Mencken wrote that the "janissaries" of this organization "understood the soul of theAmerican politicianÂ… they knew his whole concept of honesty and honor wasÂ… his insatiableyearning for a job." This organization pushed for a congressional investigation of the German-American Alliance, and the ratification of the (*) 16th Amendment was a critical victory for thisorganization, laying the groundwork for its future success by providing an alternative federal revenue source.This organization supported "Local Option" laws, and the 1927 death of its president Wayne Wheeler wasa severe blow to its cause. For 10 points, name this male-dominated evangelical organization that led thepolitical coalition in favor of Prohibition. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Cane Ridge Revival // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 1025 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity approaches infinity while its product with the square of the molecular radius approaches a finite value in the Boltzmann-Grad limit. In the canonical ensemble, the magnitude of thermodynamic fluctuations of internal energy normalized by the total value of the internal energy are proportional to this quantity raised to the minus one-half power. This quantity can fluctuate in the grand canonical ensemble, but is fixed in the canonical ensemble. The distribution function is typically normalized such that its integral over position and momentumspace equals this quantity. Both this quantity and volume are infinite in the thermodynamic limit. This extensive quantity is the thermodynamic conjugate of the chemical potential, which is the change in free energy when this quantity increases by 1. For 10 points, give this thermodynamic parameter typically represented as N. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: Dartmouth and Chicago B | |
| tossup 1026 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: John Beckman contrasted this man with Thomas Morton, blaming him for changing American culture to accepting a purely passive form of fun. This publisher of the Herald of Freedom was thrice arrested for libel. He introduced the birth control law overturned in Griswold v. Connecticut. This man claimed he had been duped after an autopsy revealed that Joice Heth was not the (*) 161-year-old nurse of George Washington. He toured the lecture circuit delivering the speech, "The Science of Money Making and the Philosophy of Humbug". A hat owned by Ulysses S. Grant was once displayed in a New York museum he bought from the Scudder family. This man made an extremely tall woman named Anna Swan famous. He also widely promoted the 26-inch-tall "General Tom Thumb". For 10 points, name this man who, with James A. Bailey, founded a travelling circus company. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 A Culture of Improvement // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 1027 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The cephalic vein is a superficial vein overlaying this bone, and Smith’s and Colles’ fractures occur in its distal aspect. De Quervain teno·synovitis involves a non-inflammatory thickening of the first extensor compartment’s sheath, which overlays this bone. An associated nerve that shares this bone’s name arises from the posterior cord and can be compressed in the supinator canal, leading to its namesake “tunnel syndrome.” Preschool-age children often experience subluxation of this bone’s head due to slight overgrowth of the (*) annular ligament, which is often attributed to “nursemaids” pulling on the child’s arm. The antero·lateral branch of the deep brachial artery becomes this bone’s deep artery once it crosses the elbow. This bone abuts the scaphoid and lunate carpal bones and articulates with the capitulum of the humerus. For 10 points, name this bone that’s bound to the ulna by an inter·osseus membrane. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Chicago Open // rd: 16 Finals 1 | |
| tossup 1028 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one scene in this play, a character takes off his coat to reveal purple suspenders which he bought in Nebraska. In another scene, a character tells the story of "Golden Dancer," a beautiful rocking horse from his youth that broke when he rode it. This play ends with a character dying of a "broken belly" and another character balancing two books in his hands before departing. Set in the town of Hillsboro, this play begins with a boy telling a girl that she and her whole family were once "worms" or "blobs of jelly." The first act ends with the line "Hello, Devil, welcome to Hell," spoken by cynical reporter E.K. Hornbeck, who works for the Baltimore Herald. This play's plot involves lawyer Henry Drummond defending teacher Bertram Cates from the fundamentalist Matthew Harrison Brady. For 10 points, name this play by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee, a fictionalization of the Scopes trial. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Editors 8 + NYU | |
| tossup 1029 went dead. -- 23:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Critics often argue that this multi-paradigm language allows programmers to mix object-oriented programming with procedural functions, though its successor only follows the former paradigm. Its successor has automatic garbage collection, but this language requires explicit cleanup of memory. This language has notoriously finicky pointers, since it uses value semantics by default and has no safeguards in place as Java does. For 10 points, name this general-purpose programming language developed by Bell Labs, a successor to C with a similar name. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Prison Bowl // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 1030 went dead. -- 23:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This book notes that Impressionism fulfills Rousseau's prediction of a return to nature and laments that the "modern artist is a workman, not a creator." It claims that the democratic support for popular enlightenment "smooths the path for the coming Caesars of the world." This book, which recognizes the Babylonian, Egyptian, Chinese, Indian, Mexican, Classical, Arabian, and European-American cultures as the eight "high cultures," claims that the process of "pseudomorphosis" can stop a culture from achieving its potential to become a civilization. This book's discussion of race was extended in its author's later The Hour of Decision. The terms Magian, Faustian, and Apollonian describe the world's three great civilizations in this book, which offers a "Copernican" view of history in which civilizations cycle through four phases associated with spring, summer, fall, and winter. For 10 points, name this 1918 book that predicts the waning of the title culture, by Ostwald Spengler. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Chicago Open // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 1031 went dead. -- 23:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After a defeat, the leader of an uprising against this ruler supposedly watched a city burn from the Mari forest under his namesake oak tree; that leader was beheaded and cut into four pieces to be displayed on wheels before the pieces were burned. This non-French ruler set up two banks for paper currency, including one designed by Giacomo Quarenghi located at the old Sea Market building, and each bank created 500,000 notes of "assignation" currency to replace the glut of impractical copper money. One hundred wives and daughters of the Greek Infantry Battalion were enlisted to receive this ruler as the "Amazon Company" during a tour of the Tauric provinces. This ruler's threat to intervene forced the Treaty of Teschen in the War of Bavarian Succession. For 10 points, identify this ruler for whom fake settlements known as "Potemkin Villages" were erected during her 1787 visit to the Crimea that she annexed. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 17 | |
| tossup 1032 went dead. -- 23:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This process is made more efficient by a sliding clamp protein that prevents its central enzyme from dissociating from its substrate. In prokaryotes this process begins at ori sites. The mechanism of this process was determined by growing E. coli in a nitrogen-15 medium. This process was shown to be semiconservative by Meselson and Stahl and cannot occur without a primer. Okazaki fragments form on the lagging strand during this process since it only occurs in the "5-prime" to "3-prime" direction. This process that occurs during the S phase requires enzymes like ligase, helicase and DNA polymerase. For 10 points, name this process which creates a copy of the genome. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Fall // rd: Berkeley A + UGA A | |
| tossup 1033 went dead. -- 23:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In 2007, Gurtina Besla calculated that these objects were on their first and only parabolic orbit. They contain blue globulars, such as NGC1978, and one of them is located near in the sky to the globular cluster 47 Tucanae. A nearby "stream" that shares a name with these objects is either a tidal tail or a cloud of ram pressure-stripped gas. Twenty-four neutrinos were detected from an core collapse in one of them, which occurred at the star Sanduleak [sahn-doo-LAY-ahk]. De Lacaille discovered that an H-II [H-two] region in the same one of these objects possesses nebulosity. That region is now known as the Tarantula Nebula. Ian Shelton discovered SN1987A, which occurred inside one of these bodies, which are located in Dorado and Tucana. Objects within them were used to calibrate standard distance candles by Henrietta Leavitt. For 10 points, name these astronomical objects visible to southern observers, two of the Milky Way's satellite galaxies. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Peaceful Resolution // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 1034 went dead. -- 23:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This kingdom once allied with a queen who, during a negotiation with the Portuguese, sat on a servant when not offered a chair, and then killed the servant after standing, saying that she "never sat on the same chair twice". A prince of this kingdom named Henrique was appointed bishop of Utica and died en route to the Council of Trent. A woman who claimed to be possessed by St. Anthony of Padua and to meet with God weekly led the Antonian Movement during a civil war in this kingdom. Ãlvaro I of this kingdom renamed his capital São Salvador and introduced European titles for nobles. (*) King Nzinga a Nkuwu was the first ruler of this kingdom to convert to Christianity, which had been brought to the area first by Diogo Cão. For 10 points, name this kingdom of west-central Africa, the namesake of a river and two modern countries with capitals at Brazzaville and Kinshasa. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 FRENCH // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 1035 went dead. -- 23:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This story describes a "barleycorn" of a king whose "florid", "untrammeled" ideas had only been sharpened by progressive Latin neighbors. The author of this story also wrote "The Griffin and the Minor Canon." At its conclusion, one character in this story silently signals to the right. One title character experiences sleepless nights after she discovers the secrets of the doors, debating what to tell her death-sentenced lover. This story's last line is, "And so I leave it with all of you. Which came out of the opened door?" then the title phrase. For 10 points, name this short story by Frank R. Stockton about a choice between a ferocious feline and a beautiful woman. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Brookwood Invitational Scholars Bowl // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 1036 went dead. -- 23:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Immunoblots of urea fractions from sufferers of it show that the misfolded TDP-43 protein is a major component of UBIs and similar pathological molecules are found in FTLD-U sufferers. Mutations in the SOD1 gene are found in some patients suffering from its familial variety which hurts their ability to attack free radicals, while the elevated presence of BMAA in the diet of the Chamorro people of Guam increases their risk of suffering from a complex of Parkinsonism and this disease. High levels of glutamate lead to widespread motor neuron degeneration, but patients r |
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