overtime-commented.py

# Let's make our own "int" function.
# This is because int() can cause the program to crash
def makeInt(strVal):
	try: # TRY and execute the following code, be aware it may crash though
		return int(strVal) # If it didn't crash, just return the string value as an Integer
	except ValueError: # However, if it did crash, AND It crashed because the Value can't be turned into an Integer
		return None # Don't actually crash, just return "None"

# "None" is a special key word in Python, it literally means nothing.
# "" is nothing by human standards, but to python, "" is a valid string like any other, it's just empty
# So "None" literally means nothing by Python standards. Other langauges refer to it as "null"

# If you follow the idea that "main()" is your main program, you should have no logic outside of it.
# So the "print()" statement at the beginning has been moved inside it.
def main():
	print("Welcome, let's find out if you are due overtime for your work")

	NoCount = 0 # Initiate the value
	UserName = "" # Initate the value
	HoursWorked = None # Initate the value

	# We don't want to duplicate the logic
	# So instead of writing Username = str(input()) etc etc, we just declare it as null, and let the loop handle it
	# This means this loop should always run at least once, but can run for many cycles (also known as iterations)
	while (UserName == ""): # While the user entered nothing
		UserName = str(input("Hello, can I have your name please?: ")) # Ask for their name

		if (UserName.upper() == "NO" or UserName.upper() == "N"): # If they enter "N" or "No"
			# You may think, why Upper()? It makes comparison easy, now the user can enter:
			# No
			# nO
			# no
			# NO

			# And we don't need a complex comparison function

			NoCount += 1 # They've said no (again)

			if (NoCount >= 3): # If they've said No 3 times:
				print("Fine. I'll just leave it.") # Message that they won

				return; # Quit the program
			else: # Otherwise, if they've said No less than 3 times
				print("That's quite rude, I really do need your name though.") # Message out
				UserName = "" # Set the username back to "" - so the loop restarts and asks again.

	# At this stage, we have their name.

	while (HoursWorked is None): # Same principle as above but for HoursWorked
		HoursWorked = makeInt(input("Please tell me how many hours you have worked: ")) # ask for the value
		# This also turns it into an intger without failing

		if (HoursWorked is None): # If they didn't enter anything, or we couldn't turn it into an Integer
			print("Huh, didn't quite catch that, can you enter a number?") # Let them know

	# Loop will auto cycle until a number is given

	if (HoursWorked > 40): # Simple IF statement
		print("%s, I am pleased to tell you that you are due overtime" % UserName) # String templating!
	else:
		print("I'm sorry %s, You are not due overtime." % UserName)

main() # Run main()