Setting Up Authentication for Laravel Single Page Applications (SPA)

laravel-spa-authentication.md

Setting Up Authentication for Laravel Single Page Applications (SPA)

Suppose you have two websites that require authentication:

1. localhost:8000 (backend)
2. localhost:3000 (frontend)

Configuration Steps:

1. Allow origins for https://localhost:3000/
2. Set the session domain to http://localhost
3. Configure Sanctum stateful domains for http://localhost:3000

Setting	Value	Format
FRONTEND_URL	https://localhost:3000	schema://host:port without / at the end of the URL
SESSION_DOMAIN	localhost	host
SANCTUM_STATEFUL_DOMAINS	localhost:3000	host:port

1. Update config/cors.php

<?php

return [
    'paths' => ['api/*', 'sanctum/csrf-cookie'],
    'allowed_methods' => ['*'],
    'allowed_origins' => [env('FRONTEND_URL', 'http://127.0.0.1:8000')],
    'allowed_origins_patterns' => [],
    'allowed_headers' => ['*'],
    'exposed_headers' => [],
    'max_age' => 0,
    'supports_credentials' => true,
];

In allowed_origins, add the FRONTEND_URL in the format schema://hostname, such as https://localhost:3000.

2. Update config/session.php

<?php

    'domain' => env('SESSION_DOMAIN', null),

Set the SESSION_DOMAIN to the main host, e.g., localhost.

3. Update config/sanctum.php

<?php

    'stateful' => explode(',', env('SANCTUM_STATEFUL_DOMAINS', sprintf(
        '%s%s',
        'localhost,localhost:3000,127.0.0.1,127.0.0.1:8000,::1',
        env('APP_URL') ? ','.parse_url(env('APP_URL'), PHP_URL_HOST) : ''
    ))),

Add SANCTUM_STATEFUL_DOMAINS only for the main host, e.g., localhost.

Update .env file

APP_NAME=
APP_ENV=local
APP_KEY=
APP_DEBUG=true
APP_URL=http://localhost:8000
FRONTEND_URL=http://localhost:3000
SESSION_DOMAIN=localhost
SANCTUM_STATEFUL_DOMAINS=localhost:3000

// etc...

Notes:

1. The domain in SANCTUM_STATEFUL_DOMAINS must be part of the same domain as SESSION_DOMAIN (e.g., localhost:3000 -> localhost).

2. The default SESSION_LIFETIME is set to expire after 2 hours.

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For more information, refer to the Laravel Sanctum SPA Authentication documentation.

Hi
How to work with this if the api is on the subdomain api.example.com, and the frontend is on the main domain example.com? thank you

The fact is that everything works fine locally, but when I deploy, I get 419 with a CSRF token mismatch message. At the same time, the XSRF-TOKEN cookie is set, but on behalf of the subdomain, and I cannot get it to send in the header to the backend