Creates a Hyper-V compatible vhdx virtual hard drive from a custom WIM.

Prepare-Gen2VM.ps1

#requires -version 4.0
#requires -modules Hyper-V,Storage,DISM
#Requires -RunAsAdministrator
<#	
	.NOTES
	===========================================================================
	 Created with: 	SAPIEN Technologies, Inc., PowerShell Studio 2016 v5.2.127
	 Created on:   	8/12/2016 13:50
	 Created by:   	Colin Squier <Hexalon@gmail.com>
	 Filename:     	Prepare-Gen2VM.ps1
	===========================================================================
	.DESCRIPTION
		Creates a Hyper-V compatible vhdx virtual hard drive from a custom WIM.
#>
　
[CmdletBinding()]
Param ([string]$ImageBuild = "06")
　
function Copy-File
{
	param ([string]$from,
		[string]$to)
	$ffile = [io.file]::OpenRead($from)
	$tofile = [io.file]::OpenWrite($to)
	Write-Progress `
				   -Activity "Copying file" `
				   -status ($from.Split("\") | Select-Object -last 1) `
				   -PercentComplete 0
	try
	{
		$sw = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew();
		[byte[]]$buff = new-object byte[] (4096 * 1024)
		[long]$total = [long]$count = 0
		do
		{
			$count = $ffile.Read($buff, 0, $buff.Length)
			$tofile.Write($buff, 0, $count)
			$total += $count
			[int]$pctcomp = ([int]($total/$ffile.Length * 100));
			[int]$secselapsed = [int]($sw.elapsedmilliseconds.ToString())/1000;
			if ($secselapsed -ne 0)
			{
				[single]$xferrate = (($total/$secselapsed)/1mb);
			}
			else
			{
				[single]$xferrate = 0.0
			}
			if ($total % 1mb -eq 0)
			{
				if ($pctcomp -gt 0)`
				{
					[int]$secsleft = ((($secselapsed/$pctcomp) * 100) - $secselapsed);
				}
				else
				{
					[int]$secsleft = 0
				};
				Write-Progress `
							   -Activity ($pctcomp.ToString() + "% Copying file @ " + "{0:n2}" -f $xferrate + " MB/s")`
							   -status ($from.Split("\") | Select-Object -last 1) `
							   -PercentComplete $pctcomp `
							   -SecondsRemaining $secsleft;
			}
		}
		while ($count -gt 0)
		$sw.Stop();
		$sw.Reset();
	}
	finally
	{
		Write-Verbose (($from.Split("\") | Select-Object -last 1) + `
			" copied in " + $secselapsed + " seconds at " + `
			"{0:n2}" -f [int](($ffile.length/$secselapsed)/1mb) + " MB/s.");
		$ffile.Close();
		$tofile.Close();
	}
}
　
#Return VHD Partition drive letter info
function Get-VHDInfo
{
	[Cmdletbinding()]
	param (
		[string]$VhdPath
	)
	#Get partition drive letters 
	$driveLetters = [array](Get-VHD -Path $VhdPath | Get-Disk | Get-Partition | Get-Volume | Sort-Object Size).DriveLetter #Drive Order is not assured if not sorted 
	if ($driveLetters.Count -eq 2) #CreateReservedPartition specified
	{
		$bootRootDir = "{0}:\" -f $driveLetters[0]
		$osRootDir = "{0}:\" -f $driveLetters[1]
	}
	else
	{
		$bootRootDir = "{0}:\" -f $driveLetters[0]
		$osRootDir = "{0}:\" -f $driveLetters[0]
	}
	#Check PSDrive can access(in some condition it failed)
	if (!(Test-Path -Path $osRootDir))
	{
		Write-Error "Can't access mounted VHD PSDrive. please try reset PowerShell runspace"
	}
	return [pscustomobject]@{ BootRootDir = $bootRootDir; OSRootDir = $osRootDir }
}
　
function New-Gen2Vhd
{
	[CmdletBinding()]
	param (
		[ValidateScript({ -not (Test-Path $_) })]
		[ValidatePattern("\.vhd(x)?$")]
		[string]$VhdPath,
		[ValidateRange(25GB, 64TB)]
		[UInt64]$Size = 25GB,
		[ValidateSet(2MB, 256MB)]
		[UInt32]$BlockSize = 2MB,
		[ValidateSet(512, 4096)]
		[Uint32]$LogicalSectorSize = 4096,
		[ValidateSet(512, 4096)]
		[Uint32]$PhysicalSectorSize = 4096
	)
	
	<#
	if ($VerbosePreference -ne [System.Management.Automation.ActionPreference]::SilentlyContinue)
	{
		$VerbosePreference = 'SilentlyContinue'
	}
	else
	{
		$VerbosePreference = 'Continue'
	}
	#>
	
	if ($VhdPath -eq '')
	{
		$guid = [Guid]::NewGuid()
		$VhdPath = ".\temp_$guid.vhdx"
	}
	
	try
	{
		
		# Create VHD container
		$VhdOptions = @{
			Path = $VhdPath
			SizeBytes = $Size
			Dynamic = $true
			BlockSizeBytes = $BlockSize
			LogicalSectorSizeBytes = $LogicalSectorSize
			PhysicalSectorSizeBytes = $PhysicalSectorSize
		}
		
		Write-Verbose "Creating Hyper-V Virtual Disk (VHD) $($VhdOptions | Format-Table | Out-String)"
		New-VHD @VhdOptions | Out-Null
		
		# Mount VHD
		Write-Verbose "Mounting VHD '$VhdPath'"
		Mount-DiskImage -ImagePath (Resolve-Path $VhdPath) -Access ReadWrite
		$DiskNumber = (Get-DiskImage (Resolve-Path $VhdPath) | Get-Disk).Number
		$Disk = Get-Disk -Number $DiskNumber
		
		Write-Verbose "VHD Layout $(Get-Partition -Disk $Disk | Out-String)"
		
		# Initialise GUID Partition Table (GPT)
		Write-Verbose "Initialise GUID Partition Table (GPT)"
		Initialize-Disk -Number $DiskNumber -PartitionStyle GPT | Out-Null
		
		# GPT disks that are used to boot the Windows operating system, the Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI)
		# system partition must be the first partition on the disk, followed by the Microsoft Reserved partition.
		Write-Verbose "Create Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) partition"
		New-EfiPartition -DiskNumber $DiskNumber -Size 260MB | Out-Null
		
		# Create OS partition
		Write-Verbose "Create OS partition"
		New-Partition -DiskNumber $DiskNumber -UseMaximumSize -AssignDriveLetter |
		Format-Volume -FileSystem NTFS -NewFileSystemLabel "Windows VHD" -confirm:$false | Out-Null
		
		$Drive = $(Get-Partition -Disk $Disk).AccessPaths[3]
		Write-Verbose "$Drive has been assigned to the Boot Volume"
		
		Write-Verbose "VHD Layout $(Get-Partition -Disk $Disk | Out-String)"
		
	}
	catch
	{
		Throw "Failed to create $VhdPath. $($_.Exception.Message)"
	}
	finally
	{
		if ($VhdPath -ne '')
		{
			Dismount-DiskImage -ImagePath (Resolve-Path $VhdPath) -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null
		}
	}
	
	return $VhdPath
}
　
function New-EfiPartition
{
	param (
		[Parameter(Position = 0, Mandatory)]
		[UInt32]$DiskNumber,
		[ValidateRange(100MB, 300MB)]
		[UInt64]$Size = 100MB
	)
	
	# Create EFI partition and a basic data partition (BDP)
	$Disk = Get-Disk -Number $DiskNumber
	$partitionSystem = New-Partition -DiskNumber $DiskNumber -GptType '{c12a7328-f81f-11d2-ba4b-00a0c93ec93b}' -Size $Size
	$partitionSystemNumber = $partitionSystem.PartitionNumber
	
@"
select disk $DiskNumber
select partition $partitionSystemNumber
format quick fs=fat32 label=System
exit
"@ | diskpart | ForEach-Object{ Write-Verbose "[DiskPart] $_" }
	
	$partitionSystem | Add-PartitionAccessPath -AssignDriveLetter
	$DriveSystem = $(Get-Partition -Disk $Disk).AccessPaths[1]
	Write-Verbose "$DriveSystem has been assigned to the System Volume"
}
　
$VhdSize = 60GB
$ImageVhdFileName = "WinX_$ImageBuild.vhdx"
$ImageVhdPath = (Join-Path -Path "X:\Win10-Imaging" -ChildPath "Images\$ImageVhdFileName" -ErrorAction Stop)
　
New-Gen2Vhd -VhdPath $ImageVhdPath -Size $VhdSize
　
Mount-VHD -Path $ImageVhdPath | Out-Null
　
#Get partition drive letters
$VhdInfo = Get-VHDInfo -VhdPath $ImageVhdPath
$VhdDriveLetter = $VhdInfo.OSRootDir
$OSDrive = $VhdDriveLetter.Replace(":\", "")
　
$SourceImage = "X:\Win10-Imaging\Images\WinX_$ImageBuild.wim"
Write-Verbose -Message "Applying $($SourceImage) to $($VhdDriveLetter)"
Expand-WindowsImage -ImagePath $SourceImage -Index 1 -ApplyPath $VhdDriveLetter -Verify
　
$DiskNumber = (Get-DiskImage (Resolve-Path $ImageVhdPath) | Get-Disk).Number
$Disk = Get-Disk -Number $DiskNumber
　
Add-PartitionAccessPath -DiskNumber $DiskNumber -PartitionNumber 2 -AssignDriveLetter
$DriveSystem = $(Get-Partition -Disk $Disk).AccessPaths[1]
$Drive = $(Get-Partition -Disk $Disk).AccessPaths[2]
　
# Copy critical boot files to the system partition to create a new system BCD store
# "Self-Sustainable", i.e. contains a boot loader and does not depend on external files.
$DriveSystemVolumeLetter = $DriveSystem.TrimEnd('\')
$bcdBootParams = @(
	"$($Drive)Windows"
	"/s $($DriveSystemVolumeLetter)"
	"/f UEFI"
)
　
Write-Verbose "VHD Layout $(Get-Partition -Disk $Disk | Out-String)"
　
Write-Verbose "Create a new system BCD store"
Start-Process "bcdboot.exe" -ArgumentList $bcdBootParams -NoNewWindow -Wait | Out-Null
　
$FSLabel = Get-Volume | Where-Object { $_.FileSystemlabel -eq "Windows VHD" }
　
if ($FSLabel.FileSystemLabel -eq "Windows VHD")
{
	Write-Verbose -Message "Changing volume label from $($FSLabel.FileSystemLabel) to 'Windows 10'"
	Set-Volume -NewFileSystemLabel "Windows 10" -DriveLetter $OSDrive
}
　
#Cleanup
Write-Verbose -Message "Dismounting '$ImageVhdPath'"
Dismount-DiskImage -ImagePath (Resolve-Path $ImageVhdPath) -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null
Write-Verbose -Message "Optimzing VHD file, '$ImageVhdPath'"
Optimize-VHD -Path $ImageVhdPath -Mode Quick
　
try
{
	$Destination = "X:\Users\Public\Documents\Hyper-V\Virtual Hard Disks\$ImageVhdFileName"
	Write-Verbose -Message "Copying $ImageVhdPath to $Destination"
	Copy-File -from $ImageVhdPath -to $Destination
}
catch
{
	Throw "Failed to copy $ImageVhdPath. $($_.Exception.Message)"
}
　
try
{
	$VMName = "WinX_$ImageBuild"
	$VMGeneration = 2
	$VMStartupMem = 2048MB
	$VMMinMem = 1024MB
	$VMMaxMem = 4096MB
	$VMSwitchName = "Hyper-V - External"
	$VMCpuCount = 2
	$VMGuestIntergrationService = "Guest Service Interface"
	
	Write-Verbose -Message "Creating Generation '$VMGeneration' VM with '$VMCpuCount' CPU(s), connected to '$VMSwitchName'"
	New-VM -VMName $VMName -MemoryStartupBytes $VMStartupMem -Generation $VMGeneration -SwitchName $VMSwitchName
	
	Write-Verbose -Message "Adding hard drive to '$VMName'"
	Add-VMHardDiskDrive -VMName $VMName -Path $Destination
	Write-Verbose -Message "Adding CPU(s) to '$VMName'"
	Set-VMProcessor –VMName $VMName –Count $VMCpuCount
	Write-Verbose -Message "Configuring memory on '$VMName'"
	Set-VMMemory $VMName -DynamicMemoryEnabled $true -MinimumBytes $VMMinMem -StartupBytes $VMStartupMem -MaximumBytes $VMMaxMem
	$VMHardDrive = Get-VMHardDiskDrive -VMName $VMName
	Write-Verbose -Message "Changing first boot device to be '$($VMHardDrive.Name)'"
	Set-VMFirmware -VMName $VMName -FirstBootDevice $VMHardDrive
	Write-Verbose -Message "Enabling '$VMGuestIntergrationService' for '$VMName'"
	Enable-VMIntegrationService -VMName $VMName -Name $VMGuestIntergrationService
	Write-Verbose -Message "Populating VM notes for '$VMName'"
	Set-VM -VMName $VMName -Notes "OS image build $ImageBuild for Win 10"
	Write-Verbose -Message "Starting '$VMName'"
	Get-VM -VMName $VMName | Start-VM
}
catch
{
	Throw "Failed to create $VMName VM. $($_.Exception.Message)"
}