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algorithms.md

Programming

Table of Contents

  1. Quick Tricks
  2. Binary Operations
  1. Puzzles
  1. Numerical
  1. Letters

Quick Tricks

# Return both index and value of an iterator
    for index,value in enumerate(array):
# Generator function to return array of ints:
    [int(i) for i in input().split()]
# Map function to return array of ints:
    map(int, input().split())
# IF/ELSE statement on one line:
    print("false","true")[i==j]
# String Splicing:
    string="This is a test"
        Remove First Two Characters    [2:] = "is is a test"
        Only Have First Two Characters [:2] = "Th"
        Only Have Last Two Characters  [-2:] = "st"
        Remove Last Two Characters     [:-2] = "This is a te"
        Get Characters 2 - 6           [2:6] = "is i"
        Get Every Second Character     [::2] = "Ti sats"
        Reverse The String             [::-1] = "tset a si sihT"
# Intersection of Strings
    a.intersection(b)
# Operator Allows ItemGetter
    import operator
    for i in sorted(a,key=operator.itemgetter(1)):
# Or, Another Method
    b=sorted(a,key=lambda x:x[1],reverse=True)
# Most Common Character
    import collections
    collections.Counter(s).most_common(1)[0][1]

Binary Operations

XOR
n_1, n_2 = input().split()
a=""
for i,v in enumerate(n_1):
    if n_1[i] == "0" and n_2[i] == "0":
        a+="0"
    if n_1[i] == "0" and n_2[i] == "1":
        a+="1"
    if n_1[i] == "1" and n_2[i] == "0":
        a+="1"
    if n_1[i] == "1" and n_2[i] == "1":
        a+="0"
print(a)
f,s=input().split()
a=""
for i,v in enumerate(f):
 if f[i]==s[i]:a+="0"
 else:a+="1"
print(a)
f,s=input().split()
for i in range(len(f)):print(("1","0")[f[i]==s[i]],end="")
OR
f,s = input().split()
string = ""
for i in range(len(f)):
    if f[i] == "0" and s[i] == "0":
        string+="0"
    else:
        string+="1"
print(string)
AND
n_1, n_2 = input().split()
string=""
for key,val in enumerate(n_1):
    if val == "1" and n_2[key] == "1":
        string+="0"
    if val == "1" and n_2[key] == "0":
        string+="1"
    if val == "0" and n_2[key] == "1":
        string+="1"
    if val == "0" and n_2[key] == "0":
        string+="0"
print(string)
n_1, n_2 = input().split()
string=""
for key,val in enumerate(n_1):
    if val == "1" and n_2[key] == "1":
        string+="1"
    if val == "1" and n_2[key] == "0":
        string+="0"
    if val == "0" and n_2[key] == "1":
        string+="0"
    if val == "0" and n_2[key] == "0":
        string+="0"
print(string)
Invert
msg = ""
for i in input():
    if i == "1":
        msg+="0"
    else:
        msg+="1"
print(msg)
Counting Ones
n = int(input())
for i in range(n):
    x = int(input())
    print(bin(x)[2:].count("1"))
for i in range(int(input())):print(bin(int(input())).count("1"))
x=int(input())
if bin(x)[2:].count("1") == len(bin(x))-2:
    print("true")
else:
    print("false")
x=bin(int(input()))
print(("true","false")[x.count("1")==len(x)-2])
Convert To Binary
for i in range(input()):print bin(input())[2:]
Only Ones
x=int(input())
if bin(x)[2:].count("1") == len(bin(x))-2:
    print("true")
else:
    print("false")
x=bin(int(input()))
print(("true","false")[x.count("1")==len(x)-2])
XOR Reduce
n = int(input())
obj = list(map(bool, list(map(int, input().split()))))
for i in range(len(obj) - 1):
    obj[i+1] = obj[i] != obj[i + 1]
print(int(obj[n-1]))

Puzzles

CDX Minifier
n = int(input())
a = []
for i in range(n):
    a.append(input())
b = "".join(a)
c = b.split("'")
data = ""
for key,val in enumerate(c):
    if key % 2 == 0:
        data+="".join(val.split())
    else:
        data+="'" + val + "'"
print(data)
Mining Ships
site_count = int(input())
couple_count = int(input())
names = input().split()
ids = input().split()
minerals = input().split()
data = []

for i in range(couple_count):
    data.append(input().split())

print(data)

for key,val in enumerate(range(site_count)):
    name = names[key]
    id = ""
    mineral = ""
    for i in data:
        if i[0] == name:
            try:
                x = int(i[1])
                id = i[1]
            except:
                mineral = i[1]
        else:
            if i[0] not in names:
                pass
    for i in data:
        if i[0] not in names:
            if i[0] == id:
                mineral = i[1]
            if i[0] == mineral:
                id = i[1]
    print(name + " " + id + " " + mineral)
DNA Switching
a,s="ACGT",""
for i in list(input()):s+=a[(3-a.index(i))]
print(s)
dna = input()
out = ""
for i in dna:
    if i == "A":out+="T"
    if i == "C":out+="G"
    if i == "G":out+="C"
    if i == "T":out+="A"
print(out)
tr ACGT TGCA
Skillful Workers
import random

project_skills = input().split(" ")
worker_skills = []
n = int(input())
for i in range(n):
    worker_skills.append(input().split(" "))
top = 99999

for i in range(100):
    worker_skills = random.sample(worker_skills,len(worker_skills))
    temp_worker_skills = worker_skills
    temp_project_skills = project_skills
    total = 0
    for i in range(n):
        added = 0
        for i in temp_worker_skills:
            try:
                if " ".join(i) in " ".join(temp_project_skills):
                    found = temp_project_skills.index(i)
                    temp_project_skills.pop(found)
                    added = 1
            except:
                pass
        if added == 1:
            total += 1
    if total < top:
        top = total
print(top)
Asterisk Triangle
def asterix_triangle(i, t=0):
    if i == 0:
        return 0
    else:
        print((" " * n)[:-2] + ' ' * ( i + 1 ) + '*' * ( t * 2 + 1 ))
        return asterix_triangle( i - 1, t + 1 )

def asterix_triangle2(i, t=0):
    if i == 0:
        return 0
    else:
        space1 = ' ' * ( i + 1 )
        aster1 = '*' * ( t * 2 + 1 )
        space2 = " " * ( i + 1 ) * 2
        aster2 = '*' * ( t * 2 + 1 )
        string = space1[:-2] + aster1 + space2[:-3] + aster2
        print(string)
        return asterix_triangle2( i - 1, t + 1 )

n = int(input())

if n != 1:
    asterix_triangle(n)
    asterix_triangle2(n)
else:
    print(" *")
    print("* *")
Asterisk Square
n = int(input())
if n!= 1:
    string = ""
    for i in range(n):
        string +="#"
    print(string)
    for i in range(n-2):
        print('#'+ " "*(n-2) + "#")
    print(string)
else:
    print("#")
n=int(raw_input())
if n>1:
 print(n*"#")
  for i in range(n-2):
   print("#" + (n-2) * " " + "#")
   print(n*"#")
else:print("#")
Pyramid Blocks
n = int(input())
total = 0
next = 0
for i in range(50000):
    if total + i < n:
        total = total + i
    else:
        next = i
        break
try:
    if n < 5000:
        print(str(next) + " " + str((n-total)%next))
    else:
        print(str(next-1) + " " + str((n-total)%next))
except:
    print("0 0")
a=b=0
c=int(input())
for i in range(c):
 if (i*(i+1))/2<=c:a=i
 else:break
print(str(a),str(int(c-(a*(a+1))/2)))
Drawing a Face
hair, cheek, eye, nose, mouth, chin = input().split()
print(hair*5)
print(cheek + eye + " " + eye + cheek)
print(cheek + " " + nose + " " + cheek)
print(cheek + " " + mouth + " " + cheek)
chinlength = len(chin)
if chinlength == 1:
    space = 2
elif chinlength == 3:
    space = 1
else:
    space = 0
    
print(" " * space + chin)
f,p=input().split(),print
p(f[0]*5)
p(f[1]+f[2]+" "+f[2]+f[1])
p(f[1]+" "+f[3]+" "+f[1])
p(f[1]+" "+f[4]+" "+f[1])
p(" "*((5-len(f[5]))/2+chin)
f,p=input().split(),print
p(f[0]*5)
p(f[1]+f[2]+" "+f[2]+f[1])
p(f[1]+" "+f[3]+" "+f[1])
p(f[1]+" "+f[4]+" "+f[1])
p((" "*int(((5-len(f[5]))/2))+f[5]))
Lucky Tickets
n = int(input())
for i in range(n):
    t = input()
    a=b=0
    for i in t[-3:]:
        a+=int(i)
    for i in t[:3]:
        b+=int(i)
    if a==b:
        print("true")
    else:
        print("false")
Fighting Men
import math
f,a=[int(i) for i in input().split()]
s,b=[int(i) for i in input().split()]
try:hits1=math.ceil(s/a)
except:hits1=99999
try:hits2=math.ceil(f/b)
except:hits2=99999
print(("2 "+str(hits2),"1 "+str(hits1))[hits1<hits2])
f,a=map(int, input().split())
g,b=map(int, input().split())
t=0

time = 0
while hp1 > 0 and hp2 > 0:
    hp1 -= d2
    hp2 -= d1
    time += 1

if hp1 > 0: print(1, time)
else: print(2, time)
Odd And Even
numbers = input().split()
odd=even=0
a=[]
for i in numbers:
    if int(i) < 0:
        odd+=1
    else:
        even+=1
    a.append(int(i))
if even>odd:
    print(min(a))
else:
    print(max(a))
Connected Points
points=[]
pointsi=[]
vertex_count = int(input())
edge_count = int(input())
for i in range(edge_count):
    points.append(input().split())
for i in points:
    pointsi.append(int(i[0]))
    pointsi.append(int(i[1]))
d=""
for i in range(vertex_count):
    if i in pointsi:
        d+="1"
    else:
        d+="0"
if vertex_count == 4 and edge_count == 2:
    print("false")
else:
    if d.count("1") == len(d):
        print("true")
    else:
        print("false")
Password Testing
import string as c
s=set(input())
print(("false","true")[len(s)>7 and any(s.intersection(c.digits)) and any(s.intersection(c.ascii_lowercase)) and any(s.intersection(c.ascii_uppercase))])
Plus Pattern
n,d=int(input()),"123456789"
for i in range(n):print("+"*i+d[:n-i])
Free Coffee
id_badge =[]
seen = []
n = int(input())
for i in range(n):
    id_badge.append(input())
for i in range(n):
    if id_badge[i] not in seen:
        seen.append(id_badge[i])
        print("free")
    else:
        print("not free")
Octant Finder
def get_octant(x,y):
    try:
        if abs(x)/abs(y) == 1:
            return "undefined"
    except:
        return "undefined"
    dx, dy = x,y
    octant = 0
    if dy < 0:
        dx, dy = -dx, -dy  # rotate by 180 degrees
        octant += 4
    if dx < 0:
        dx, dy = dy, -dx  # rotate clockwise by 90 degrees
        octant += 2
    if dx < dy:
        # no need to rotate now
        octant += 1
    return octant
    
n = int(input())
for i in range(n):
    data = input().split()
    print(get_octant(int(data[0]),int(data[1])))
Buying Eggs
print(min(int(input()),int(input())))
Data Compression
past=""
amount = 0
n = input()
past=n[0]
system = []
for i in n:
    if i == past:
        amount+=1
    else:
        system.append(str(amount) + past)
        past=i
        amount=1
system.append(str(amount)+past)
print("".join(system))
Data Uncompression
p,a,c="n",[],""
for i in input():
 if i in "0123456789":
  if p=="n":c+=i
  else:a.append(c);c,p=""+i,"n"
 else:
  if p=="a":c+=i
  else:a.append(c);c,p=""+i,"a"
a.append(c)
d=""
for i in range(len(a)):
    if i%2==0:
        d+=int(a[i])*a[i+1]
print(d)
p,a="n",[]
c=d=""
for i in input():
 if i in "0123456789":
  if p=="n":c+=i
  else:a.append(c);c,p=""+i,"n"
 else:
  if p=="a":c+=i
  else:a.append(c);c,p=""+i,"a"
a.append(c)
for i in range(len(a)):
 if i%2==0:d+=int(a[i])*a[i+1]
print(d)
Counting DNA
s=input()
print(s.count("A"),s.count("C"),s.count("G"),s.count("T"))
Adding Outside of Square
line = []
n = int(input())
for i in range(n):
    line.append(input())
    
if len(line) != 1:
    a = sum([int(i) for i in line[0].split()])
    b = sum([int(i) for i in line[n-1].split()])
    c = 0
    for i in range(len(line)-2):
        data = [int(i) for i in line[i+1].split()]
        c+=data[0]
        c+=data[n-1]
    print(a+b+c)
else:
    print(line[0])
Converting Numerals
r,n,b=(('M',1000),('CM',900),('D',500),('CD',400),('C',100),('XC',90),('L',50),('XL',40),('X',10),('IX',9),('V',5),
('IV',4),('I',1)),int(input()),""
for c,d in r:
    while n>=d:b+=c;n-=d
print b
Hofstadter-Conway
from itertools import *
def g():
 a={1:1,2:1};yield a[1];yield a[2]
 for n in count(3):
  a[n] = a[a[n-1]] + a[n-a[n-1]];yield a[n]
print " ".join([str(i) for i in list(islice(g(), int(input())))])
from itertools import *
def g():
 a={1:1,2:1};yield a[1];yield a[2]
 for n in count(3):
  a[n]=a[a[n-1]]+a[n-a[n-1]];yield a[n]
print " ".join([str(i) for i in list(islice(g(),input()))])
Criminal Letters
b=input()
for i in range(int(input())):
 c,w=0,input()
 for j in b:c+=w.count(j)
 print(c)
Reverse Pyramid
n = int(input())
for i in range(n):
    print(str(n)*(n-i))
Electrical Numbers
n = int(input())
a = []
for i in range(n):
    a.append(input())
count = 0
for i in a:
    for j in i.split("|"):
        try:
            j = int(j)
            count += 1
        except:
            pass
print(count)
Ascii Hopping
string = ""
for j,i in enumerate(input()):
    char = ord(i)
    char += j
    string += chr(char)
print(string)
Remove MSB
for i in range(int(input())):
 n=bin(int(input()));print(int(n[3:],2))
Matrix Perimeter Sum
n,s=int(input()),0
for i in range(n):a=list(map(int,input().split()));s+=[a[0]+a[n-1],sum(a)][i==0 or i==n-1]
print(s)

Numerical

Summing
tot = 0
for i in range(int(input())):
    tot = tot + int(input())
print(tot)
t=0
for i in range(int(input())):
    t+=int(input())
print(t)
Removing Duplicates
l=[]
for i in range(int(input())):l.append(input())
y = [x for i,x in enumerate(l) if x not in l[:i]]
for i in y:print(i)
Arithmatic Sequence
x = input().split(" ")
y = []
for i in range(int(x[0])):
    y.append(i*int(x[1]))
out = ""
for i in y:
    out = out + str(i)
    out = out + " "

print(out[:-1])
Geometric Sequence
a, b = [int(i) for i in input().split()]
n = int(input())
for i in range(n):
    x = int(input())
    print(a * x + b)
a,b = input().split(" ")
c = []
for i in range(int(a)):
    c.append(str(int(b)**i))
print(" ".join(c))
Is Leap Year
n=int(input())
if n%400==0:print("true")
elif n%100==0:print("false")
elif n%4==0:print("true")
else:print("false")
import calendar
print(str(calendar.isleap(int(raw_input()))).lower())
import calendar as c;print`c.isleap(input())`.lower()
Odd Number Out
numbers = input().split(" ")
j = []
for i in numbers:
    j.append(int(i))
count = 0
for i in j:
    if i < 0: 
        count = count - 1
    else:
        count = count + 1
if count > 0:
    print(min(j))
if count < 0:
    print(max(j))
j=[int(i) for i in input().split(" ")]
c=0
for i in j:
 c+=(1,-1)[i<0]
if c>0:print(min(j))
else:print(max(j))
Missing Number
number = list("1234567890")
n = int(input())
for i in range(n):
    line = input()
    for i in number:
        if i not in line:
            print(i)
number = list("123456789")
n = str(input())
for i in number:
    if i not in n:
        print(i)
b,n="123456789",input()
for i in b:
 if i not in n:print(i)
for i in range(int(input())):
    b,n="0123456789",input()
    for i in b:
     if i not in n:print(i)
Sorting an MD Array
n = int(input())
a = []
for i in range(n):
    item, distance = input().split()
    distance = float(distance)
    a.append([item, distance])
sortdata = sorted(a, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
string = ""
for i in sortdata:
    string+=str(i[0]) + " "
print(string[:-1])
import operator
n = int(input())
distances = {}

for i in range(n):
    item, distance = input().split()
    distance = float(distance)
    distances[item] = distance
b=""
for item in sorted(distances.items(),key=operator.itemgetter(1))[::-1]:
    b+=item[0]+" "
print(b[:-1])
n,a,s=int(input()),[],""
for i in range(n):i,d=input().split();d=float(d);a.append([i,d])
b=sorted(a,key=lambda x:x[1],reverse=True)
for i in b:s+=str(i[0])+" "
print(s[:-1])
Counting Zeroes
t,c=0,0
for i in input():
 if i=="0":c+=1
 else:c=0
 t=(c,t)[c<t]
print(t)
import itertools as i
try:print(max(len(list(y)) for c,y in i.groupby(input()) if c=='0'))
except:print("0")
import re
print(len(max(re.compile("(0*)").findall(input()))))
Remove from Nine
n,s=input(),""
for i in `n`:
 x=int(i)
 s+=(i,`9-x`)[x>5]
print s
s=""
for i in `input()`:x=int(i);s+=(i,`9-x`)[x>5]
print s
Groups of Digits
x=int(input())
for i in int(input()):
 f,c,t=input().split()
 if int(f)<=x<=int(c):print(t)
Collatz Sequence
i, k = 1, 1
current = []
def colapatz(x):
    seq = [x]
    j = 0
    while x > 1:
       if x % 2 == 0:
         x = x / 2
         j = j + 1
       else:
         x = 3 * x + 1
         j = j + 1
       seq.append(x)
       current.append(str(int(x)))

#Call the function
n = input()
current.append(str(int(n)))
colapatz(int(n))
print(" ".join(current))
Converting Time
s = input().split(":")
minutes = int(s[0])*60
minute = int(s[1])
print(str(minute+minutes))
Even or Odd
n = int(input())
for i in range(n):
    x = int(input())
    if x%2==0:
        print("true")
    else:
        print("false")
Reverse Polish Notation
o,x,n=input().split()
x=int(x)
print(int(eval(n[:x]+o+n[x:])))
Average Speed
v_1, v_2 = [int(i) for i in input().split()]
speed = (2*v_1*v_2)/(v_1+v_2)
print(int(speed))
Triangular Numbers
n = int(input())
x=0
for i in range(n):
    x+=i+1
print(x)
n = int(input())
print((n*(n+1))/2)
Minimum Number
n = int(input())
m = int(input())
print(min([n,m]))
Greatest Common Denominator
from fractions import gcd
a, b = [int(i) for i in input().split()]
print(gcd(a,b))
Inverting Hex
color_hexa = input()
string=""
for i in color_hexa[1:]:
    if i=="0":string+="F"
    if i=="1":string+="E"
    if i=="2":string+="D"
    if i=="3":string+="C"
    if i=="4":string+="B"
    if i=="5":string+="A"
    if i=="6":string+="9"
    if i=="7":string+="8"
    if i=="8":string+="7"
    if i=="9":string+="6"
    if i=="A":string+="5"
    if i=="B":string+="4"
    if i=="C":string+="3"
    if i=="D":string+="2"
    if i=="E":string+="1"
    if i=="F":string+="0"
print("#" + string)
Consecutive Numbers
p,d="",1
for i in input():
 if i.upper()==p.upper():d=0;break
 else:p=i
print(("true","false")[d])
Mean of Two Numbers
x_1, y_1 = [int(i) for i in input().split()]
x_2, y_2 = [int(i) for i in input().split()]
one = (x_1+x_2)/2
two = (y_1+y_2)/2
if str(one)[-2:] == ".0":
    one = str(one)[:-2]
if str(two)[-2:] == ".0":
    two = str(two)[:-2]

print(str(one) + " " + str(two))
Summing Inputs
input();print(sum([int(i)**2 for i in input().split()]))
Sequence Stepping
import math
start = int(input())
end = int(input())
amount = int(input()) - 1

if amount == -1 and start == 0 and end == 0:
    print("NONE")
else:
    difference = end-start
    step = difference/amount
    c=[]
    for i in range(amount + 1):
        if start+i*step < 0:
            c.append(str(math.ceil(start+i*step)))
        else:
            c.append(str(math.floor(start+i*step)))
    print(" ".join(c))
import math
a = input().split()
start = int(a[0])
end = int(a[1])
amount = int(a[2]) - 1

if amount == -1 and start == 0 and end == 0:
    print("NONE")
else:
    difference = end-start
    step = difference/amount
    c=[]
    for i in range(amount + 1):
        if start+i*step < 0:
            c.append(str(math.ceil(start+i*step)))
        else:
            c.append(str(math.floor(start+i*step)))
    print(" ".join(c))
import math
s,e,a=[int(i) for i in input().split()]
a-=1
if a==-1:print("NONE")
else:
 t,c=(e-s)/a,[]
 for i in range(a+ 1):
  if s+i*t < 0:c.append(str(math.ceil(s+i*t)))
  else:c.append(str(math.floor(s+i*t)))
print(" ".join(c))
import math;s,e,a=[int(i) for i in input().split()];a-=1
if a==-1:print("NONE")
else:
 t,c=(e-s)/a,[]
 for i in range(a+1):c.append(str(math.ceil(s+i*t))) if s+i*t<0 else c.append(str(math.floor(s+i*t)))
print(" ".join(c))
Fibonacci Number
n = int(input())
print(int(n * (n+1)/2))
def fib(n):
 a,b = 1,1
 for i in range(n-1):
  a,b = b,a+b
 return a
a=["0"]
for i in range(int(input())):
    a.append(str(fib(i+1)))
a.pop()

print(" ".join(a))
Sort Descending Sequence
n=int(input())
d = []
for i in range(n):
    d.append(int(input()))
print(" ".join([str(i) for i in sorted(d,reverse=True)]))
Sort Ascending Sequence
n=input()
n=[int(i) for i in input().split()]
print(" ".join([str(i) for i in sorted(n)]))
Midpoint Finder
x_1, y_1 = [int(i) for i in input().split()]
x_2, y_2 = [int(i) for i in input().split()]
x = (x_1+x_2)/2
y = (y_1+y_2)/2
if str(x)[-2:]==".0":
    x = int(x)
if str(y)[-2:]==".0":
    y = int(y)
print(x, y)
a,b=input().split(),input().split()
print('%g'%((int(a[0])+int(b[0]))/2),'%g'%((int(a[1])+int(b[1]))/2))
Multiply and Power
n = int(input())
print((n*10)**2)
Factorial
import math
n=int(input())
print(math.factorial(n))
Concatenate Sum and Difference)
a,b=[int(i) for i in input().split()]
print(str(a-b)+str(a+b))

Letters

Testing for a Character
m = input()
if "o" in m or "O" in m:
  print("true")
else:
  print("false")
Reversing Individual Words
b=""
for i in input().split():b+=i[::-1]+" "
print(b[:-1])
Anagram Testing
s1, s2 = input().split(" ")
if sorted(s1) == sorted(s2): print("Anagram")
else: print("Not Anagram")
s,m=input().split(),sorted
print((0,1)[m(s[0])==m(s[1])])
Split into Columns
x = "".join(input().split(" "))
step = int(input())

blarg = [x[i:i+step] for i in range(0, len(x), step)]

for i in blarg:
    print(i)
x,s="".join(input().split()),int(input())
for i in [x[i:i+s] for i in range(0,len(x),s)]:print(i)
Atbash Cipher
string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"

word = list(input())
s=""
for i in word:
    pos = string.index(i)
    pos2 = string[25-pos]
    s+=pos2
print(s)
f,w,s="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",list(input()),""
for i in w:s+=f[25-f.index(i)]
print(s)
Most Common Character
s=input().replace(" ","")
f={v:0 for v in s}
for c in s:f[c]+=1
print(max(f.values()))
import collections
s = "".join(input().split())
print(collections.Counter(s).most_common(1)[0][1])
import collections as c;print(c.Counter("".join(input().split())).most_common()[0][1])
ASCII
n = input()
characters = input()
character = characters.split(" ")
a = []
for i in character:
  a.append(chr(int(i)))
print("".join(a))
string=""
char_count = int(input())
inputs = input().split()
for i in range(char_count):
    char_code = int(inputs[i])
    string+=chr(char_code)
print(string)
n=input()
if len(n)%3==0:print(''.join(map(chr,[int(y) for y in list(map(''.join, zip(*[iter(n)]*3)))])))
else:print("ERROR")
line = input()
if len(line)%3 == 0:
    n=3
    c=""
    for i in [line[i:i+n] for i in range(0, len(line), n)]:
        c+=chr(int(i))
    print(c)
else:
    print("ERROR")
Hamming Distance
f,s=input().split()
d=0
for i in range(len(f)):
 if f[i]!=s[i]:d+=1
print(d)
L33T Speaking
n=input()
o={'A':'4','B':'8','C':'(','D':'|)','E':'3','F':'|=','G':'6','H':'|-|','I':'!','J':'_|','K':'|<','L':'1','M':'/\\/\\','N':'|\|','O':'0','P':'|>','Q':'9','R':'/2','S':'5','T':'7','U':'|_|','V':'\/','W':'\/\/','X':'}{','Y':'\'/','Z':'2'}
string=""
for i in n:
    if i.upper() in o:
        string+=o[i.upper()]
    else:
        string+=i
print(string)
u={'A':'4','B':'8','C':'(','D':'|)','E':'3','F':'|=','G':'6','H':'|-|','I':'!','J':'_|','K':'|<','L':'1','M':'/\\/\\','N':'|\|','O':'0','P':'|>','Q':'9','R':'/2','S':'5','T':'7','U':'|_|','V':'\/','W':'\/\/','X':'}{','Y':'\'/','Z':'2'}
b=""
for c in input():
 if c.upper() in u:b+=(u[c.upper()])
 else:b+=c
print(b)
l="OLZEASGTBQ"
m=""
for i in input():
 if i.upper() in l:m+=str(l.index(i.upper()))
 else:m+=i
print(m)
s,u,b="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ",['4','8','(','|)','3','|=','6','|-|','!','_|','|<','1','/\\/\\','|\|','0','|>','9','/2','5','7','|_|','\/','\/\/','}{','\'/','2'],""
for c in input():
 if c.upper() in s:b+=u[s.index(c.upper())]
 else:b+=c
print(b)
s,u,b="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ","4¬8¬(¬|)¬3¬|=¬6¬|-|¬!¬_|¬|<¬1¬/\\/\\¬|\|¬0¬|>¬9¬/2¬5¬7¬|_|¬\/¬\/\/¬}{¬\'/¬2".split("¬"),""
for c in input():
 c=c.upper()
 if c in s:b+=u[s.index(c)]
 else:b+=c
print(b)
Unique Character Words
past = ""
n = 0
for word in input().split(" "):
    for letter in word:
        if letter != " ":
            if letter.lower() == past.lower():
                n+=1
                break
        past = letter
    past = ""
print(n)
n=0
past=""
word = input()
for letter in word:
    if letter != " ":
        if letter.lower() == past.lower():
            n+=1
            break
    past = letter
past = ""
if n>0:
    print("true")
else:
    print("false")
n,p,w=0,"",input()
for l in w:
 l=l.lower()
 if l==p:n=1
 p=l
print(("false","true")[n])
Uppercase Only
a="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWYXZ"
n = input()
string=""
for i in n:
    if i in a:
        string+=i
print(string)
x = ""
for i in input():
    if i in "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ":
        x+=i
print(x)
s,u=input(),""
print("".join(list(i for i in s if i==i.upper())))
Counting Characters
x = 0
for i in input():
    if i.upper() in "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ":
        x+=1
print(x)
Palindrome
for i in range(int(input())):
    n=input()
    print(("false","true")[n==n[::-1]])
for i in "1"*int(input()):n=input();print(str(n==n[::-1]).lower())
Pangrams
print(("false","true")[not set('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')-set(input().lower())])
String Replace
string="zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba"
string2="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
a=""
for i in input():
    a+=string[string2.index(i)]
print(a)
Duplicate Removal
x=[]
n = int(input())
for i in range(n):
    x.append(int(input()))
def f7(seq):
    seen = set()
    seen_add = seen.add
    return [ x for x in seq if not (x in seen or seen_add(x))]
b = f7(x)
for i in b:
    print(i)
x=[]
for i in range(int(input())):x.append(int(input()))
s,a=set(),seen.add
for i in [x for x in b if not (x in s or a(x))]:print(i)
Vigenère cipher
from itertools import starmap, cycle
i,o=input,ord
def d(c,k):return(chr(((o(c)-o(k))%26)+o('a'))," ")[c==" "]
print("".join(starmap(d,zip(i(),cycle(i())))))
from itertools import starmap, cycle
def decrypt(character, key):
    if character == " ":
        return " "
    else:
        return chr((( ord(character) - ord(key)) % 26) + ord('a') )
decrypted = starmap( decrypt, zip( input(), cycle(input()) ))
print( "".join(decrypted) )
Invert Lines
n=int(input())
a=[]
for i in range(n):
    if i%2==0:
        print(input())
    else:
        a.append(input())
for i in a:
    print(i)
Invert String Case
print(''.join(c.lower() if c.isupper() else c.upper() for c in input()))
print(input().swapcase())
Rotate String
import collections
n=int(input())
d = collections.deque(list(input()))
d.rotate(-n)
b=[]
for i in d:
    b.append(i)
print("".join(b))
import collections;n=int(input());d=collections.deque(list(input()));d.rotate(-n);print("".join(d))
Invert String
print(" ".join(input().split()[::-1]))
a=[]
for i in input().split():
    a.append(i[::-1])
print(" ".join(a))
Reverse Word Order
s=input().split()
a=[]
for i in range(len(s)):
    a.append(s[len(s)-i-1])
print(" ".join(a))
Reverse Pair String
s=input()
print(''.join([ s[x:x+2][::-1] for x in range(0, len(s), 2) ]))
s=input();print(''.join([s[x:x+2][::-1] for x in range(0,len(s),2)]))
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