BRAINFU

brainfu.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

// Some defines useful for tweaking the interpreter.
#define DATA char
#define CELL unsigned char
#define CELL_COUNT 30000
#define LOOP_STACK_SIZE 32

// data is a string of characters.
void interpret(DATA* data)
{
	CELL cells[CELL_COUNT] = {0};
	
	CELL* currentCell = &cells[0]; // Start at the leftmost cell.
	DATA* currentInstruction = &data[0]; // Start at the beginning of the data.
	
	// The loop stack is used to store positions for beginnings of loop. Used
	// mainly for loops in loops.
	DATA* loopStack[LOOP_STACK_SIZE] = {0};
	int currentLoop = 0; // Current loop on the stack.
	int loopJumping = 0; // Boolean used if the loop is being jumped over.
	
	// When jumping through a loop and ignoring everything inside, loopsToJump
	// is incremented and decremented when faced with loops inside the loop that's
	// being jumped through. The purpose of this is to make sure that the end of
	// the jump is the matching loop bracket and not one inside or outside.
	int loopsToJump = 0;
	
	do
	{
		char operator = *currentInstruction;
		
		if(loopJumping != 0 && operator != '[' && operator != ']')
		{
			// Ignore anything that isn't brackets for a loop when jumping past
			// loops. Brackets are only acknowledged as to increment or decrement
			// loopsToJump.
			continue;
		}
		
		switch(operator)
		{
			case '>': ++currentCell; break; // Increment the current cell.
			case '<': --currentCell; break; // Decrement the current cell.
			
			case '+': ++(*currentCell); break; // Move to the next cell.
			case '-': --(*currentCell); break; // Move to the previous cell.
			
			case '.': putchar(*currentCell); break; // Print the current cell.
			case ',': // Get input.
			{
				// Just grab the first character from stdin. Will overflow if more than
				// one character is entered in to undefined memory after buffer.
				
				char buffer;
				fscanf(stdin, "%s", &buffer);
				
				*currentCell = buffer;
				
				break;
			}
			
			case '[': // Iterate over a loop or jump over it if currentCell is 0.
			{
				if(loopJumping != 0)
				{
					// Jumping through a loop, increment loopsToJump as to not mistake
					// a closing loop bracket for the jumping loop's closing bracket.
					++loopsToJump;
					break;
				}
				
				if(loopStack[currentLoop] != currentInstruction)
				{
					// Entering a loop. Push the instruction to the loop stack.
					++currentLoop;
					loopStack[currentLoop] = currentInstruction;
				}
				
				if(*currentCell == 0)
				{
					// No iterations to do, jump to end of the loop.
					loopJumping = 1;
				}
				
				break;
			}
			
			case ']': // Go back to the start of the loop.
			{
				if(loopJumping != 0)
				{
					if(loopsToJump != 0)
					{
						// Jumping through a loop and just passed a loop that's inside a
						// loop, continue jumping to find the real end to this loop and
						// not the end to another.
						--loopsToJump;
						break;
					}
					
					// Done jumping.
					loopJumping = 0;
					--currentLoop;
					
					break;
				}
				
				// Go back to the start of the loop. Take one away as to make up for
				// the current instruction pointer being incremented.
				currentInstruction = loopStack[currentLoop] - 1;
				
				break;
			}
			
			// Nothing to do with non-operators.
			default: break;
		}
	}
	// Move to the next instruction in the data. If the instruction is a null
	// terminator, interpreting is done.
	while(*(++currentInstruction) != '\0');
}

// Helper function to load a file in to a char array in memory. Don't forget to
// free the array after use.
char* loadFile(const char* filename)
{
	FILE* file = fopen(filename, "r");
	
	if(file == NULL)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open '%s'.\n", filename);
		return 0;
	}
	
	if(fseek(file, 0L, SEEK_END) == -1)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to seek to the end of the file.\n");
		fclose(file);
		return 0;
	}
	
	int fileLength = (sizeof(char) * ftell(file));
	char* fileContents = (char*)malloc(fileLength);
	memset(fileContents, 0, fileLength);
	
	if(fileContents == NULL)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to allocate space for the file contents.\n");
		fclose(file);
		return 0;
	}
	
	rewind(file);
	fread(fileContents, sizeof(char) * fileLength, 1, file);
	
	fclose(file);
	
	return fileContents;
}

int main(int argc, const char** argv)
{
	if(argc != 2)
	{
		printf("Usage: %s FILE\n", argv[0]);
		return 0;
	}
	
	char* fileContents = loadFile(argv[1]);
	
	if(fileContents == 0)
	{
		return 1;
	}
	
	// Print BRAINFU to the screen.
	interpret(">+++++++[<++++++++++>-]<----.>++[<++++++++++>-]<----.>--[<+++++++"\
		"+++>-]<+++.>+[<++++++++++>-]<--.+++++.>-[<++++++++++>-]<++.>+[<++++++++++"\
		">-]<+++++.>>+[<++++++++++>-]<.");
	
	interpret(fileContents);
	
	free(fileContents);
	
	return 0;
}