Recursive Contains

recursive_contains.js

// solution to problem #6 in recursive exercises
function contains(object, searchValue) {
  // because `null` has a typof "object", we have to explicitly check
  // to prevent trying to access `null`'s values (which don't exist)
  if (typeof object !== "object" || object === null) {
    return object === searchValue;
  }

  for (const value of Object.values(object)) {
    // An important problem in the code quiz solution is that `return contains()` will only
    // search the first property of an object, as it will return whatever the result for it is.
    // If our value was nested within the second property, for example, it would never get checked
    // even if the first nested object did not contain it.
    if (contains(value, searchValue)) {
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

So elegant this function is.

Let's add some comments to make things easier to understand:

function contains(object, searchValue){
// base case: if the one of the conditions is met, it means that the object is not an object itself, but rather a primitive value or null
if(typeof object !== "object" || object === null ){
return searchValue === object;
}
// Recursive case: if the object is an Object (but not null), iterate over its values
for (const value of Object.values(object)) { // Object.values(object) takes an object and returns a list containing object's values
// Recursively call contains for each value
if (contains(value, searchValue)) {
return true; // If the searchValue is found in any nested object, return true
}
}
return false
}

Here's another solution that's slightly shorter:

function contains(obj, target) {
  for (let val of Object.values(obj)) {
    if (val === target) return true;
    if (val.constructor === Object) {
      return contains(val, target);
    }
  }
  return false;
} 

can you add more explanation how the function still works even if the input Object contains more than 1 nested object?

can you add more explanation how the function still works even if the input Object contains more than 1 nested object?

The function loops through a given object, going deeper with every iteration. On every iteration it checks for given serchValue, if the serch value is present it returns true if another object if found it call Itself on that object( contains(foundObject, serchValue) ). If the last nested object is reched and serchValue is not present it returns false.

@heren1heren Might be easiest to understand by walking through the stack with a debugger.

@anasamer056 Your solution has two important problems, which can be seen by testing like:

const obj = {
  a: {
    foo: "bar"
  },
  b: null,
  c: {
    needle: 42
  }
}

contains(obj, 42) // should return `true`

Your solution can't search multiple objects. It'll search the object under key a: and decide that 42 isn't there. Your solution also doesn't tolerate null values and will error if it encounters one.

Now you can absolutely make things shorter, but doing so can risk losing some clarity.

function contains(obj, target) {
  return obj && Object.values(obj).some((val) => {
    return typeof val === "object" ? contains(val, target) : val === target;
  })
}

I wanted to make it a bit easier to understand what's happening.

@JoshDevHub Thanks for taking the time to review my code!

You're absolutely correct. I guess I was sleep deprived when I was writing that code because I can't believe that I missed these bugs 😅.

function nested(objeto, item) {
for (let key in objeto) {
if (objeto[key] === item) {
return true;
}
if (typeof objeto[key] === 'object') {
if (nested(objeto[key], item)) {
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}

Can I get an iterative approach?

Just adding another recursive solution here that utilizes Array.prototype.some, nice and succinct:

function contains(obj, targetValue) {
  if (typeof obj !== 'object' || obj === null) return false;

  return Object.values(obj).some(
    (value) => value === targetValue || contains(value, targetValue),
  );
}

I had originally used a ternary statement (below) as the callback for .some(), which felt a bit easier to read to me, but for the sake of keeping it short, modified to the above.

function contains(obj, targetValue) {
  if (typeof obj !== 'object' || obj === null) return false;

  return Object.values(obj).some((value) =>
    value === targetValue  ? true : contains(value, targetValue),
  );
}

Came up with this function myself:

function contains(obj, targetVal) {
  for (const currentVal of Object.values(obj)) {
    if (typeof currentVal === "object") {
      return contains(currentVal, targetVal);
    }
    if (currentVal === targetVal) return true;
  }
  return false;
}

Felt quite good about it even though I knew that a null could very easily render it useless. But then I realised that I could just change the third line to: if (typeof currentVal === "object" && currentVal !== null) { to prevent that from happening.

I thought I needed to search for the keys and values:

function contains(obj, item) {
if (Object.values(obj).length === 0) return false;
else if (item in obj || Object.values(obj).includes(item)) return true;
else {
for (let value of Object.values(obj)) {
return contains(value, item);
}
}
}