Basic Python Examples

PyDocu.py

#Basic Print string
print ('something')
#Setting Variable
age = 25
#Print variable and string
print (age, 'add')
#basic input
age = input('Enter your age: ')
#convert variable to int or float
age_int = int(age)
print (age_int)

#input and convert into int or float in one
age2 = int(input('Enter your age: '))
print (age2)

income = float(input('Enter your income: '))

print (income)

#Adding
matric_age = 18
grad_age = matric_age + 4
print (grad_age)

#Swap variables
x, y = y, x

#Combine multiple print lines into one output
print('One', end='')
print('Two')

#Seperator
print('One', 'Two', 'Three', sep=' * ')

#Formating Numbers
bigonum = 6542546245.4535324523654
#   Regular add Formatting
print("Big Number formatted is" + format (bigonum, ' ,f'))
#   Round Decimals, 2 places
print("Big Number rounded is " + format (bigonum, ' .2f'))
#   Round and formattin
print("Big Number rounded and formatted is " + format (bigonum, ' ,.2f'))
#   Minimum spacing adding
print("Big Number rounded and formatted and min " + format (bigonum, ' 30,.2f'))

#Make Constants variables and the variables all uppercase

#Turtle Graphics
import turtle

#   Directions
#        Set Window size
turtle.setup(640, 480)
turtle.bgcolor('grey')
turtle.forward(200)
turtle.left(90)
turtle.forward(200)
turtle.right(90)
turtle.forward(200)
turtle.setheading(175)
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.forward(200)
turtle.heading()
turtle.pencolor('red')
turtle.penup()
turtle.forward(40)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.dot()
turtle.forward(30)
turtle.showturtle()
turtle.speed(10)
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.fillcolor('green')
turtle.circle(100)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.write('Hello World')
turtle.pensize(5)
turtle.forward(30)
turtle.goto(0, 0)
turtle.pos()

#Basic IF
sales = float(input('Enter your sales: '))
if sales > 50000:
	bonus = 500
	print ("you get a bonus of 500")

#Else IF
sci_element = input().lower()

if sci_element == "hydrogen":
	print (1.008)

elif sci_element == "helium":
	print (4.0026)

elif sci_element == "lithium":
	print (6.94)

else:
	print ("Sorry, I don't recognize that element!")

#more complicated
if age < 18:
	minors += 1
elif age >= 18 and age <= 64:
	adults += 1
elif age >= 65:
	seniors += 1


#Split by seperator
#		   	Seperator(' ') pick which part of sentence [1]
secondWord = sentence.split(' ')[1]


#Setting boolean to true if statements
modelYear = 2005
recalled = ((modelYear >= 1995) and (modelYear <= 1998) or (modelYear >= 2004) and (modelYear <= 2006))
norecall = not((modelYear >= 1995) and (modelYear <= 1998) or (modelYear >= 2004) and (modelYear <= 2006))
if recalled:
	print ('Recalled')
elif norecall:
	print ('Not Recalled')


#While Loops

k = 0
total = 0
while k < 50:
	k+= 1
	total += k*k

#For loop
for number in [1, 3, 7, 10]:
	print (number)

for k in range(1, 51):
	print (k)

#Functions
#Return
def square(import_num):
	output_num = import_num ** 2
	return output_num

def get_name():
	first = input("first name:")
	last = input("last name:")
	return first, last
#call
first_name, last_name = get_name()
#Void no return
def printDottedLine():
	print(".....")

#Files

filename = open("hostdata.txt", "<filemode>")

#Read from file store to variable
file_contents = filename.read()
#Readline not by number but after each is called
file_line = filename.readline()
#Write to File
# "\n" is used for new line
filename.write('This is put on the file')

#Read each line with for loop
for line in filename:

#Close File
filename.close()

#Try and except
try:
	print ("trying this")
	# <tries this if fails goes to except>
except: #Type of exception
	print("exception")
	#<does this if exception>

#CH9
#Dictionaires {key : value}
#Create
dictonary_name = {'answer' : 42, 'key2' : 56}

#Retrive key value
d['answer']

#Add / Set a key value
d['answer'] = 52

#Delete a key
del d['answer']

#Merge two
z = {**x, **y}

#9.2 Sets
#create set
#set only contains one of the same thing
set_name = set()
#Passing a string will split the string into each letter into a element
set_name = set('abc')
#Will return the set "a", "b", "c"

#Must create a list to make the strings a element them self, set will only take one argument
set_name = set(['one', 'two', 'three'])
#Set will be one, two, three

#Add element to set
set_name.add("f")
#Add list string  or another set etc to a set
set_name.update(["four", "five"])

#Remove from a set
#remove method raises exception when element of set doesnt exsist
#discard doesn't
set_name.remove("f")
set_name.discard("twenty")\


#Find Closest number in a list or set  to a given number
min(givenList, key=lambda x:abs(x-GivenNumber))

#CH10 OOP
#Some documentation https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_classes.asp
#Create Class
class Person:
#Init function always when class  is being used
	def __init__(self, name, age):
		self.name = name
		self.age = age
	def printName(self):
		print("Hello my name is " + self.name)
#Using that class
p1 = Person("John", 36)
print(p1.name)
print(p1.age)

#Call function in class
p1.printName()