Git cheatsheet

## git-cheatsheet.md

      
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    Commands

git checkout -b __newbranch__ : get a new branch and switch to it
git checkout -b __branchname__ / __branchname__ : get a local copy of a remote existing branch
git checkout __branchname__   : switch branch
git checkout --orphan __branchname__ : create branch without full history
git log -n X -p : show X last commits with diffs
git log __branchA__ ^__branchB__ : commits in branch A that aren't in branch B
git log --pretty=oneline --stat --all __foldername__ : modified files under a given folder
git fetch
git pull origin __branchname__
git pull --rebase: Avoid having a merge commit if you had changes and origin had commits too (rewrites your local history)
git merge --no-ff __sourcebranch__ : merge into current branch source one without rebase/FF
git push origin __destinationbranch__ : push merges/changesets to a branch
git remote show origin : display the path of the repository
git remote set-url origin xxx : Change remote URI to xxx
git remote rm origin : Remove remote URI
git remote add origin git@github.com:CartoDB/cartodb.js.git : Add remote URI (for example after adding SSH key with ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa). Must first git remote rm origin to remove previous one.
git add xxx : add files (use . for everything, folder/.. for folder recursive children)
git commit : commit changes
git status : show status of uncommited files
git checkout __file__ : revert a file
git checkout __branchname__ __file__ : Checkout all changes to file from branch branchname into current
git checkout __revision__ . : revert a full branch to specified revision if not commited
git revert __commit1__ __commit2__ ...: Reverts certain commits if commited
git reset __revision__ .: revert a full branch to specified revision if commited
git clean -f : remove all local uncommited modifications
git branch : display local branches, active one is with a *
git diff : Show changes in files
git diff __branch__ origin/__remotebranch__ : show a diff between a local branch and a remote one
git rebase __branchname__ : rebases current branch with specified branch (fetches remote branch changes and then adds yours at the tip)
git rm __filename__ : delete a file from branch and filesystem
git branch -d __branchname__ : delete a local branch
git push origin --delete __branchname__ : delete a remote brach
gitk __filename__ : show visual git log
git reset --soft HEAD~1 : reset to last commit (even if pushed). Can re-commit stuff but if already pushed will need to push with --force.
git reset --soft <new-root-sha1> && git commit --amend -m "<new message>" && git push --force: squash all branch pushed commits previous to the one specified into a single commit with the desired new message.
git log origin/__branchname__..__branchname__ : Show diff between local commits and remote commits
git config --list : List currently setup config values
git config --global user.name "Kartones" : Setup global user name
git config --global user.email "d...@....net" : Setup global user email
git config --global credential.helper 'cache --timeout=28800' : Make git cache credentials for 8 hours
git config --global color.ui true : Activate colors in diffs, etc.
git config --global core.autocrlf true : Fix Convert newlines to Unix-style ones (Windows)
git config --global core.autocrlf input : Fix Convert newlines to Unix-style ones (Unix)*
git config --global pager.log 'diff-highlight | less': Better diff highlighting (same for 3 following options)
git config --global pager.show 'diff-highlight | less'
git config --global pager.diff 'diff-highlight | less'
git config --global interactive.diffFilter diff-highlight
git submodule update --init --recursive : Init and update all submodules
git submodule init && git submodule update : Retrieve and update all submodules (alt)
Switch from current branch having a submodule to a branch without it:

rm -Rf __submoduledir__
git reset && git checkout .
git checkout __branchname__

git pull https://github.com/__username__/__reponame__.git __branchname__: Merge a pull request to local branch
git stash: Stash current changes
git stash apply: Unstash and merge stored changes
git checkout --theirs xxxx git checkout --ours xxxx: Keep changes from incoming branch or local one, respectively.
git blame -M: Blames original commit, not the move commit
git blame -CCC: Looks at all commits in history
git cherry-pick __commit__: merges and commits a specific commit to current branch
git reflog + git reset HEAD@__commit__: show all changes on all branches and revert to a specific one
git commit --amend: Squash a change on previous commit and change the commit message
git diff --staged: Show both staged and unstaged changes that you will commit
Undo a commit removing it from history:

git reset --hard HEAD~1
# your new commit here
git push origin <branch> --force


Tag any commit of a repo (e.g. with a certain version):

git tag <label> <commit-id>
git push origin <label>


Syncing a fork (first configure remote upstream)
Apply a .diff file: git apply <filename>.diff
Push to a different remote branch: git push origin <localb-ranch>:<remote-branch>

Searches

Issues in which you're mentioned
Pull requests in which you're mentioned
All open issues and pull requests of organization TEST: Change to proper organization name, and for example can filter to all assigned to you

Third-party Tools

tig: to navigate commits & branches
Github:

Commands for automatically closing tickets when merged to default branch
Search to display all issues/PRs of an organization:

https://github.com/issues?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=is%3Aopen+org%3Athemotion+sort%3Aupdated-desc


Additionally, filter to things assigned to me or involving me:

https://github.com/issues?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=is%3Aopen+org%3Athemotion+sort%3Aupdated-desc+involves%3Akartones


Tutorials

Atlassian Git tutorial
Git Cookbook
Most Common Git tips & tricks (awesome list)