An example of C# exception filter.

ExceptionFiltersFizzBuzz.cs

using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using System;
using static System.Diagnostics.Debug;

namespace Example
{
    [TestClass]
    public class ExceptionFiltersFizzBuzz
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void ExceptionFilters()
        {
            try
            {
                BuggyMethod();
            }
            catch ( Exception ex ) when (FilterMethod())
            {
                WriteLine( ex.Message + " with filter" );
            }
            catch ( Exception ex )
            {
                WriteLine( ex.Message + " without filter" );
            }
        }

        private void BuggyMethod()
        {
            using (var disposable = new MyDisposable( "Fizz" ))
            {
                try
                {
                    disposable.ThrowingMethod();
                }
                finally
                {
                    WriteLine( "Finally Fizz" );
                }
            }
        }

        private bool FilterMethod()
        {
            using (var disposable = new MyDisposable("Buzz"))
            {
                try
                {
                    disposable.ThrowingMethod();
                }
                finally
                {
                    WriteLine( "Finally Buzz" );
                }
            }
            WriteLine( "Using filter" );
            return true;
        }

        private class MyDisposable : IDisposable
        {
            private readonly string _Message;
            public MyDisposable(string message)
            {
                _Message = message;
            }

            public void Dispose()
            {
                WriteLine( _Message + " disposed" );
            }

            public void ThrowingMethod()
            {
                WriteLine( "Throwing " + _Message );
                throw new Exception( _Message );
            }
        }
    }
}

Output:
Throwing Fizz
Throwing Buzz
Finally Buzz
Buzz disposed
Finally Fizz
Fizz disposed
Fizz without filter