First of all, I must say that I'am not a fan or user of Ubuntu. This is just a guide for newcomers, and colleagues that are struggling after the new release with the system changes.
Right after fresh install, you must do a system update. Don't delay it, but first, let's configure repositories. Delete the new config for repositories, this can cause problems or new users can get lost configuring it, have friends reporting me that:
sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources
cat << EOF > /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble main universe multiverse restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-updates main universe multiverse restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-backports main universe multiverse restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-security main universe multiverse restricted
EOF
If you use this on a server, you can skip the backports line. Perform the system upgrade:
sudo apt update && sudo apt dist-upgrade -y && sudo apt clean
sudo apt install -y nano mc dialog rsync git net-tools \
dnsutils iputils-ping telnet libfuse2t64 synaptic curl \
htop neofetch bpytop clang cargo libc6-i386 libc6-x32 \
libu2f-udev samba-common-bin exfat-fuse default-jdk rar \
wget unrar linux-headers-$(uname -r) linux-headers-generic \
git gstreamer1.0-vaapi unzip ntfs-3g p7zip gcc make lsof \
build-essential bzip2 tar xz-utils lzma jq libreoffice \
apt-transport-https gpg
I put on the list synaptic, why? Cause some users feels more comfortable using synaptic than AppCenter.
Your Ubuntu looks ugly, or you don't like it by default? No worries, take a look at LinuxScoop's Youtube channel. You will find easy ways to tune/tweak your desktop.
There are two ways:
sudo timedatectl set-timezone
or:
sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
You choose which one is the best.
sudo hostnamectl set-hostname name-for-this-pc
Your must adjust the name of your pc to your localhost, here:
sudo nano /etc/hosts
adduser sysadmin
Doing tasks without typing the password every single time:
sudo su
echo "sysadmin ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers
usermod -aG sudo sysadmin
passwd -l root
Snapd is broken on 24.04, by default. Try installing firefox or something related to snapd. You will suffer, guaranteed. Try Flatpak or AppImage, but avoid Snapd. Your mental health will thank you later.
First, you must delete all snapd packages installed on the system.
To do that, you must list and remove:
sudo snap list
sudo snap remove $package
Stop it's daemon:
sudo systemctl stop snapd
And now, "Buckle your seat-belt Dorothy, cause Kansas is going bye-bye"
sudo apt purge snapd -y
sudo apt-mark hold snapd
To avoid it later on the system:
cat << EOF > /etc/apt/preferences.d/nomoresnap.pref
Package: snapd
Pin: release a=*
Pin-Priority: -10
EOF
Remove all folders that snapd left behind:
sudo rm -rf ~/snap
sudo rm -rf /snap
sudo rm -rf /var/snap
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/snapd
sudo rm -rf /var/cache/snapd/
Generally, GNU/Linux drivers are inside the firmware category, for example:
firmware-realtek
firmware-amd-graphics
firmware-iwlwifi
firmware-linux-free
firmware-linux-nonfree
firmware-misc-nonfree
Or like Nvidia:
nvidia-driver
Ubuntu has an utility called ubuntu-drivers devices that will help you install any driver you might need, for example:
sysadmin@ubu2404tpl:~$ sudo ubuntu-drivers devices
udevadm hwdb is deprecated. Use systemd-hwdb instead.
ERROR:root:aplay command not found
== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0f.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000015ADd00000405sv000015ADsd00000405bc03sc00i00
vendor : VMware
model : SVGA II Adapter
manual_install: True
driver : open-vm-tools-desktop - distro free
Now you must type:
sysadmin@ubu2404tpl:~$ sudo apt install -y open-vm-tools-desktop
Warning: some drivers doesn't exists on Ubuntu repositories. I recommend going to GitHub and based on forks/stars select the one according, or the one that fit to your needs, WiFi specially.
Add repo:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa
Edit preferences:
cat << EOF > /etc/apt/preferences.d/mozilla.pref
Package: *
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-mozillateam
Pin-Priority: 1001
Package: firefox
Pin: version 1:1snap*
Pin-Priority: -1
Package: thunderbird
Pin: version 2:1snap*
Pin-Priority: -1
EOF
Update and install:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y firefox
Following the guide for Firefox, just type:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y thunderbird
and you're done.
Obtaining the key:
wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add -
Sources.list.d line:
sudo su
echo "deb https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/chrome.list
And now:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y google-chrome-stable
Obtaining the key:
wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | gpg --dearmor > /etc/apt/keyrings/packages.microsoft.gpg
Sources.list.d line:
echo "deb [arch=amd64,arm64,armhf signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/packages.microsoft.gpg] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/code stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/vscode.list
And now:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y code
From the guys at LinuxScoop, they released a video on this topic.
Download line:
wget -c https://softwareupdate.vmware.com/cds/vmw-desktop/ws/17.5.2/23775571/linux/core/VMware-Workstation-17.5.2-23775571.x86_64.bundle.tar
tar -xvf VMware-Workstation-17.5.2-23775571.x86_64.bundle.tar
chmod +x VMware-Workstation-17.5.2-23775571.x86_64.bundle
sudo ./VMware-Workstation-17.5.2-23775571.x86_64.bundle
I just want to add, that, if you're using kernel 6.9 or superior(Ubuntu 24.04 has v6.8), you must do the following:
Download, like in the the video:
https://github.com/mkubecek/vmware-host-modules/tree/workstation-17.5.1
Unzip and modify:
unzip vmware-host-modules-workstation-17.5.1.zip
cd vmware-host-modules-workstation-17.5.1/
Edit vmnet-only/vmnetInt.h and comment out this two lines:
#define dev_lock_list() read_lock(&dev_base_lock)
#define dev_unlock_list() read_unlock(&dev_base_lock)
Note: Comments in C are double slashes (//).
And add:
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(6, 9, 0)
# define dev_lock_list() rcu_read_lock()
# define dev_unlock_list() rcu_read_unlock()
#else
# define dev_lock_list() read_lock(&dev_base_lock)
# define dev_unlock_list() read_unlock(&dev_base_lock)
#endif
cd ..
Compile the module:
make
make install
And restart VMWare:
/etc/init.d/vmware restart
Aaaaand it's done!
Obtaining the key:
wget -qO - https://download.spotify.com/debian/pubkey_6224F9941A8AA6D1.gpg | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /etc/apt/keyrings/spotify.gpg
Add sources:
cat << EOF > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/spotify.sources
Types: deb
URIs: http://repository.spotify.com
Suites: stable
Components: non-free
Signed-By: /etc/apt/keyrings/spotify.gpg
EOF
Installing:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y spotify-client
And enjoy!
Tired using:
sudo apt install install -f ./another-cool-app.deb
You can add GDebi. It will allow you to install a deb file easily:
sudo apt install gdebi
First, download Discord
Following earlier explanation:
sudo apt install -f ./discord-*.deb
or:
After downloaded, just right click, open/install with gdebi, provide sudo password and install.
sudo apt install -y ubuntu-restricted-extras
sudo apt install -y openssh-server
ssh-copy-id sysadmin@server-ip
Edit the config file:
sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config
Add/modify these attributes
PermitRootLogin no
PubkeyAuthentication yes
PasswordAuthentication no
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
Easy.
sudo apt install -y docker.io
To use it as a normal user:
sudo groupadd docker
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
newgrp docker
sudo wget -c https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.27.1/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -O /usr/local/bin/docker-compose; sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo apt install vlc rhythmbox
apt install -y fonts-beng fonts-beng-extra fonts-dejavu-core \
fonts-deva fonts-deva-extra fonts-droid-fallback \
fonts-font-awesome fonts-freefont-ttf fonts-gargi \
fonts-gubbi fonts-gujr fonts-gujr-extra fonts-guru \
fonts-guru-extra fonts-indic fonts-kacst-one fonts-kalapi \
fonts-knda fonts-lao fonts-liberation fonts-liberation \
fonts-lklug-sinhala fonts-lohit-beng-assamese \
fonts-lohit-beng-bengali fonts-lohit-deva fonts-lohit-gujr \
fonts-lohit-guru fonts-lohit-knda fonts-lohit-mlym \
fonts-lohit-orya fonts-lohit-taml fonts-lohit-taml-classical \
fonts-lohit-telu fonts-mathjax fonts-mlym fonts-nakula \
fonts-navilu fonts-noto-cjk fonts-noto-color-emoji \
fonts-noto-mono fonts-opensymbol fonts-orya fonts-orya-extra \
fonts-pagul fonts-pagul fonts-quicksand fonts-sahadeva \
fonts-samyak-deva fonts-samyak-gujr fonts-samyak-mlym \
fonts-samyak-taml fonts-sarai fonts-sil-abyssinica \
fonts-sil-padauk fonts-smc fonts-smc-anjalioldlipi \
fonts-smc-chilanka fonts-smc-dyuthi fonts-smc-gayathri \
fonts-smc-karumbi fonts-smc-keraleeyam fonts-smc-manjari \
fonts-smc-meera fonts-smc-rachana fonts-smc-raghumalayalamsans \
fonts-smc-suruma fonts-smc-uroob fonts-taml fonts-telu \
fonts-telu-extra fonts-teluguvijayam fonts-thai-tlwg \
fonts-tibetan-machine fonts-tlwg-garuda fonts-tlwg-garuda-ttf \
fonts-tlwg-kinnari fonts-tlwg-kinnari-ttf fonts-tlwg-laksaman \
fonts-tlwg-laksaman-ttf fonts-tlwg-loma fonts-tlwg-loma-ttf \
fonts-tlwg-mono fonts-tlwg-mono-ttf fonts-tlwg-norasi \
fonts-tlwg-norasi-ttf fonts-tlwg-purisa fonts-tlwg-purisa-ttf \
fonts-tlwg-sawasdee fonts-tlwg-sawasdee-ttf \
fonts-tlwg-typewriter fonts-tlwg-typewriter-ttf fonts-tlwg-typist \
fonts-tlwg-typist-ttf fonts-tlwg-typo fonts-tlwg-typo-ttf \
fonts-tlwg-umpush fonts-tlwg-umpush-ttf fonts-tlwg-waree \
fonts-tlwg-waree-ttf fonts-ubuntu fonts-urw-base35 \
fonts-yrsa-rasa fonts-powerline fonts-firacode
Will add more notes later. Stay tuned.