chapter_heading.tex

\documentclass{ctexbook}
\usepackage{calc}
% \usepackage{geometry}
% \geometry{showframe}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\definecolor{titlecolor}{rgb}{0.503906,0.503906,0.734375}
\ctexset {
  chapter = {
    beforeskip  = 0pt,
    fixskip     = true,
    nameformat  = \chapternamebox,
    titleformat = \chaptertitlebox,
    number      = \arabic{chapter},
  }
}
\newcommand{\chapternamebox}[1]{\relax}
\makeatletter
\newcommand{\chaptertitlebox}[1]{%
  \setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{0pt}%
  \begin{tabular}{p{0.05\textwidth-2\tabcolsep}p{0.95\textwidth-2\tabcolsep}}
    \cellcolor{black} & \cellcolor{titlecolor}\textcolor{white}%
    {\bfseries\LARGE{\CTEXifname{\CTEXthechapter\CTEX@chapter@aftername}{}}#1}%
  \end{tabular}%
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\tableofcontents
\chapter{熟悉 \LaTeX{}}
\end{document}