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@MAOliver
Created July 20, 2015 12:30
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Powershell - Admin and Infrastructure Pieces
#####################################################################
# New-SelfSignedCertificateEx.ps1
# Version 1.0
#
# Creates self-signed certificate. This tool is a base replacement
# for deprecated makecert.exe
#
# Vadims Podans (c) 2013
# http://en-us.sysadmins.lv/
#####################################################################
#requires -Version 2.0
function New-SelfSignedCertificateEx {
<#
.Synopsis
This cmdlet generates a self-signed certificate.
.Description
This cmdlet generates a self-signed certificate with the required data.
.Parameter Subject
Specifies the certificate subject in a X500 distinguished name format.
Example: CN=Test Cert, OU=Sandbox
.Parameter NotBefore
Specifies the date and time when the certificate become valid. By default previous day
date is used.
.Parameter NotAfter
Specifies the date and time when the certificate expires. By default, the certificate is
valid for 1 year.
.Parameter SerialNumber
Specifies the desired serial number in a hex format.
Example: 01a4ff2
.Parameter ProviderName
Specifies the Cryptography Service Provider (CSP) name. You can use either legacy CSP
and Key Storage Providers (KSP). By default "Microsoft Enhanced Cryptographic Provider v1.0"
CSP is used.
.Parameter AlgorithmName
Specifies the public key algorithm. By default RSA algorithm is used. RSA is the only
algorithm supported by legacy CSPs. With key storage providers (KSP) you can use CNG
algorithms, like ECDH. For CNG algorithms you must use full name:
ECDH_P256
ECDH_P384
ECDH_P521
In addition, KeyLength parameter must be specified explicitly when non-RSA algorithm is used.
.Parameter KeyLength
Specifies the key length to generate. By default 2048-bit key is generated.
.Parameter KeySpec
Specifies the public key operations type. The possible values are: Exchange and Signature.
Default value is Exchange.
.Parameter EnhancedKeyUsage
Specifies the intended uses of the public key contained in a certificate. You can
specify either, EKU friendly name (for example 'Server Authentication') or
object identifier (OID) value (for example '1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1').
.Parameter KeyUsages
Specifies restrictions on the operations that can be performed by the public key contained in the certificate.
Possible values (and their respective integer values to make bitwise operations) are:
EncipherOnly
CrlSign
KeyCertSign
KeyAgreement
DataEncipherment
KeyEncipherment
NonRepudiation
DigitalSignature
DecipherOnly
you can combine key usages values by using bitwise OR operation. when combining multiple
flags, they must be enclosed in quotes and separated by a comma character. For example,
to combine KeyEncipherment and DigitalSignature flags you should type:
"KeyEncipherment, DigitalSignature".
If the certificate is CA certificate (see IsCA parameter), key usages extension is generated
automatically with the following key usages: Certificate Signing, Off-line CRL Signing, CRL Signing.
.Parameter SubjectAlternativeName
Specifies alternative names for the subject. Unlike Subject field, this extension
allows to specify more than one name. Also, multiple types of alternative names
are supported. The cmdlet supports the following SAN types:
RFC822 Name
IP address (both, IPv4 and IPv6)
Guid
Directory name
DNS name
.Parameter IsCA
Specifies whether the certificate is CA (IsCA = $true) or end entity (IsCA = $false)
certificate. If this parameter is set to $false, PathLength parameter is ignored.
Basic Constraints extension is marked as critical.
.PathLength
Specifies the number of additional CA certificates in the chain under this certificate. If
PathLength parameter is set to zero, then no additional (subordinate) CA certificates are
permitted under this CA.
.CustomExtension
Specifies the custom extension to include to a self-signed certificate. This parameter
must not be used to specify the extension that is supported via other parameters. In order
to use this parameter, the extension must be formed in a collection of initialized
System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Extension objects.
.Parameter SignatureAlgorithm
Specifies signature algorithm used to sign the certificate. By default 'SHA1'
algorithm is used.
.Parameter FriendlyName
Specifies friendly name for the certificate.
.Parameter StoreLocation
Specifies the store location to store self-signed certificate. Possible values are:
'CurrentUser' and 'LocalMachine'. 'CurrentUser' store is intended for user certificates
and computer (as well as CA) certificates must be stored in 'LocalMachine' store.
.Parameter StoreName
Specifies the container name in the certificate store. Possible container names are:
AddressBook
AuthRoot
CertificateAuthority
Disallowed
My
Root
TrustedPeople
TrustedPublisher
.Parameter Path
Specifies the path to a PFX file to export a self-signed certificate.
.Parameter Password
Specifies the password for PFX file.
.Parameter AllowSMIME
Enables Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions for the certificate.
.Parameter Exportable
Marks private key as exportable. Smart card providers usually do not allow
exportable keys.
.Example
New-SelfsignedCertificateEx -Subject "CN=Test Code Signing" -EKU "Code Signing" -KeySpec "Signature" `
-KeyUsage "DigitalSignature" -FriendlyName "Test code signing" -NotAfter [datetime]::now.AddYears(5)
Creates a self-signed certificate intended for code signing and which is valid for 5 years. Certificate
is saved in the Personal store of the current user account.
.Example
New-SelfsignedCertificateEx -Subject "CN=www.domain.com" -EKU "Server Authentication", "Client authentication" `
-KeyUsage "KeyEcipherment, DigitalSignature" -SAN "sub.domain.com","www.domain.com","192.168.1.1" `
-AllowSMIME -Path C:\test\ssl.pfx -Password (ConvertTo-SecureString "P@ssw0rd" -AsPlainText -Force) -Exportable `
-StoreLocation "LocalMachine"
Creates a self-signed SSL certificate with multiple subject names and saves it to a file. Additionally, the
certificate is saved in the Personal store of the Local Machine store. Private key is marked as exportable,
so you can export the certificate with a associated private key to a file at any time. The certificate
includes SMIME capabilities.
.Example
New-SelfsignedCertificateEx -Subject "CN=www.domain.com" -EKU "Server Authentication", "Client authentication" `
-KeyUsage "KeyEcipherment, DigitalSignature" -SAN "sub.domain.com","www.domain.com","192.168.1.1" `
-StoreLocation "LocalMachine" -ProviderName "Microsoft Software Key Storae Provider" -AlgorithmName ecdh_256 `
-KeyLength 256 -SignatureAlgorithm sha256
Creates a self-signed SSL certificate with multiple subject names and saves it to a file. Additionally, the
certificate is saved in the Personal store of the Local Machine store. Private key is marked as exportable,
so you can export the certificate with a associated private key to a file at any time. Certificate uses
Ellyptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) key algorithm ECDH with 256-bit key. The certificate is signed by using
SHA256 algorithm.
.Example
New-SelfsignedCertificateEx -Subject "CN=Test Root CA, OU=Sandbox" -IsCA $true -ProviderName `
"Microsoft Software Key Storage Provider" -Exportable
Creates self-signed root CA certificate.
#>
[CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = '__store')]
param (
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 0)]
[string]$Subject,
[Parameter(Position = 1)]
[datetime]$NotBefore = [DateTime]::Now.AddDays(-1),
[Parameter(Position = 2)]
[datetime]$NotAfter = $NotBefore.AddDays(365),
[string]$SerialNumber,
[Alias('CSP')]
[string]$ProviderName = "Microsoft Enhanced Cryptographic Provider v1.0",
[string]$AlgorithmName = "RSA",
[int]$KeyLength = 2048,
[validateSet("Exchange","Signature")]
[string]$KeySpec = "Exchange",
[Alias('EKU')]
[Security.Cryptography.Oid[]]$EnhancedKeyUsage,
[Alias('KU')]
[Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509KeyUsageFlags]$KeyUsage,
[Alias('SAN')]
[String[]]$SubjectAlternativeName,
[bool]$IsCA,
[int]$PathLength = -1,
[Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509ExtensionCollection]$CustomExtension,
[ValidateSet('MD5','SHA1','SHA256','SHA384','SHA512')]
[string]$SignatureAlgorithm = "SHA1",
[string]$FriendlyName,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName = '__store')]
[Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.StoreLocation]$StoreLocation = "CurrentUser",
[Parameter(ParameterSetName = '__store')]
[Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.StoreName]$StoreName = "My",
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = '__file')]
[Alias('OutFile','OutPath','Out')]
[IO.FileInfo]$Path,
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = '__file')]
[Security.SecureString]$Password,
[switch]$AllowSMIME,
[switch]$Exportable
)
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
if ([Environment]::OSVersion.Version.Major -lt 6) {
$NotSupported = New-Object NotSupportedException -ArgumentList "Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 are not supported!"
throw $NotSupported
}
$ExtensionsToAdd = @()
#region constants
# contexts
New-Variable -Name UserContext -Value 0x1 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name MachineContext -Value 0x2 -Option Constant
# encoding
New-Variable -Name Base64Header -Value 0x0 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name Base64 -Value 0x1 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name Binary -Value 0x3 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name Base64RequestHeader -Value 0x4 -Option Constant
# SANs
New-Variable -Name OtherName -Value 0x1 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name RFC822Name -Value 0x2 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name DNSName -Value 0x3 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name DirectoryName -Value 0x5 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name URL -Value 0x7 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name IPAddress -Value 0x8 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name RegisteredID -Value 0x9 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name Guid -Value 0xa -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name UPN -Value 0xb -Option Constant
# installation options
New-Variable -Name AllowNone -Value 0x0 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name AllowNoOutstandingRequest -Value 0x1 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name AllowUntrustedCertificate -Value 0x2 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name AllowUntrustedRoot -Value 0x4 -Option Constant
# PFX export options
New-Variable -Name PFXExportEEOnly -Value 0x0 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name PFXExportChainNoRoot -Value 0x1 -Option Constant
New-Variable -Name PFXExportChainWithRoot -Value 0x2 -Option Constant
#endregion
#region Subject processing
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa377051(VS.85).aspx
$SubjectDN = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CX500DistinguishedName
$SubjectDN.Encode($Subject, 0x0)
#endregion
#region Extensions
#region Enhanced Key Usages processing
if ($EnhancedKeyUsage) {
$OIDs = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CObjectIDs
$EnhancedKeyUsage | %{
$OID = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CObjectID
$OID.InitializeFromValue($_.Value)
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa376785(VS.85).aspx
$OIDs.Add($OID)
}
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa378132(VS.85).aspx
$EKU = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CX509ExtensionEnhancedKeyUsage
$EKU.InitializeEncode($OIDs)
$ExtensionsToAdd += "EKU"
}
#endregion
#region Key Usages processing
if ($KeyUsage -ne $null) {
$KU = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CX509ExtensionKeyUsage
$KU.InitializeEncode([int]$KeyUsage)
$KU.Critical = $true
$ExtensionsToAdd += "KU"
}
#endregion
#region Basic Constraints processing
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa378108(v=vs.85).aspx
#$BasicConstraints = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CX509ExtensionBasicConstraints
#if (!$IsCA) {$PathLength = -1}
#$BasicConstraints.InitializeEncode($IsCA,$PathLength)
#$BasicConstraints.Critical = $IsCA
#$ExtensionsToAdd += "BasicConstraints"
#endregion
#region SAN processing
if ($SubjectAlternativeName) {
$SAN = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CX509ExtensionAlternativeNames
$Names = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CAlternativeNames
foreach ($altname in $SubjectAlternativeName) {
$Name = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CAlternativeName
if ($altname.Contains("@")) {
$Name.InitializeFromString($RFC822Name,$altname)
} else {
try {
$Bytes = [Net.IPAddress]::Parse($altname).GetAddressBytes()
$Name.InitializeFromRawData($IPAddress,$Base64,[Convert]::ToBase64String($Bytes))
} catch {
try {
$Bytes = [Guid]::Parse($altname).ToByteArray()
$Name.InitializeFromRawData($Guid,$Base64,[Convert]::ToBase64String($Bytes))
} catch {
try {
$Bytes = ([Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X500DistinguishedName]$altname).RawData
$Name.InitializeFromRawData($DirectoryName,$Base64,[Convert]::ToBase64String($Bytes))
} catch {$Name.InitializeFromString($DNSName,$altname)}
}
}
}
$Names.Add($Name)
}
$SAN.InitializeEncode($Names)
$ExtensionsToAdd += "SAN"
}
#endregion
#region Custom Extensions
if ($CustomExtension) {
$count = 0
foreach ($ext in $CustomExtension) {
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa378077(v=vs.85).aspx
$Extension = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CX509Extension
$EOID = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CObjectId
$EOID.InitializeFromValue($ext.Oid.Value)
$EValue = [Convert]::ToBase64String($ext.RawData)
$Extension.Initialize($EOID,$Base64,$EValue)
$Extension.Critical = $ext.Critical
New-Variable -Name ("ext" + $count) -Value $Extension
$ExtensionsToAdd += ("ext" + $count)
$count++
}
}
#endregion
#endregion
#region Private Key
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa378921(VS.85).aspx
$PrivateKey = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CX509PrivateKey
$PrivateKey.ProviderName = $ProviderName
$AlgID = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CObjectId
$AlgID.InitializeFromValue(([Security.Cryptography.Oid]$AlgorithmName).Value)
$PrivateKey.Algorithm = $AlgID
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa379409(VS.85).aspx
$PrivateKey.KeySpec = switch ($KeySpec) {"Exchange" {1}; "Signature" {2}}
$PrivateKey.Length = $KeyLength
# key will be stored in current user certificate store
switch ($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName) {
'__store' {
$PrivateKey.MachineContext = if ($StoreLocation -eq "LocalMachine") {$true} else {$false}
}
'__file' {
$PrivateKey.MachineContext = $false
}
}
$PrivateKey.ExportPolicy = if ($Exportable) {1} else {0}
$PrivateKey.Create()
#endregion
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa377124(VS.85).aspx
$Cert = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CX509CertificateRequestCertificate
if ($PrivateKey.MachineContext) {
$Cert.InitializeFromPrivateKey($MachineContext,$PrivateKey,"")
} else {
$Cert.InitializeFromPrivateKey($UserContext,$PrivateKey,"")
}
$Cert.Subject = $SubjectDN
$Cert.Issuer = $Cert.Subject
$Cert.NotBefore = $NotBefore
$Cert.NotAfter = $NotAfter
foreach ($item in $ExtensionsToAdd) {$Cert.X509Extensions.Add((Get-Variable -Name $item -ValueOnly))}
if (![string]::IsNullOrEmpty($SerialNumber)) {
if ($SerialNumber -match "[^0-9a-fA-F]") {throw "Invalid serial number specified."}
if ($SerialNumber.Length % 2) {$SerialNumber = "0" + $SerialNumber}
$Bytes = $SerialNumber -split "(.{2})" | ?{$_} | %{[Convert]::ToByte($_,16)}
$ByteString = [Convert]::ToBase64String($Bytes)
$Cert.SerialNumber.InvokeSet($ByteString,1)
}
if ($AllowSMIME) {$Cert.SmimeCapabilities = $true}
$SigOID = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CObjectId
$SigOID.InitializeFromValue(([Security.Cryptography.Oid]$SignatureAlgorithm).Value)
$Cert.SignatureInformation.HashAlgorithm = $SigOID
# completing certificate request template building
$Cert.Encode()
# interface: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa377809(VS.85).aspx
$Request = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CX509enrollment
$Request.InitializeFromRequest($Cert)
$Request.CertificateFriendlyName = $FriendlyName
$endCert = $Request.CreateRequest($Base64)
$Request.InstallResponse($AllowUntrustedCertificate,$endCert,$Base64,"")
switch ($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName) {
'__file' {
$PFXString = $Request.CreatePFX(
[Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto([Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($Password)),
$PFXExportEEOnly,
$Base64
)
Set-Content -Path $Path -Value ([Convert]::FromBase64String($PFXString)) -Encoding Byte
}
}
}
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