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IELTS Cheat sheet

IELTS conjugation

Time tense - Diagrams

Infinitif Prétérit Participe passé Français (infinitif)
begin began begun commencer
catch caught caught attraper
come came come venir
dream dreamt dreamt rêver
drive drove driven conduire
eat ate eaten manger
feel felt felt se sentir / ressentir
forbid forbade forbidden interdire
forgive forgave forgiven pardonner
hide hid hidden cacher
let let let permettre / louer
make made made fabriquer
put put put mettre
read read read lire
ring rang rung sonner / téléphoner
rise rose risen lever
sit sat sat s'asseoir
speak spoke spoken parler
spread spread spread répandre
stand stood stood être debout
steal stole stolen voler / dérober
stick stuck stuck coller
take took taken prendre
think thought thought penser
understand understood understood comprendre
wake woke woken réveiller
wear wore worn porter (avoir sur soi)
win won won gagner
write wrote written écrire

IELTS Essay

[TOC]

Types of essay

  1. Opinion essay
  2. Discussion essay
  3. Problems and solutions essay
  4. Advantages & disadvantages essay
  5. Two question essay

Identifying essay

  • What is your opinion ? Do you agree or disagree ? => Opinion essay
  • Discuss both sides of an argument and give your own opinion. => Discussion essay
  • What are the negative impacts / what are the causes of this, and how can this problem be solved / minimized ? => Problem essay
  • What are the advantages and disadvantages of….? => Advantages & disadvantages essay
  • .... Do you think ...? What makes .... ? => Two question essay

Structures comparison

For and against Opinion Solutions to a problem
Introduction
(2 or 3 sentences)
- Rephrase topic
- Give outline
- Rephrase topic
- Give your opinion
- State the problem
- Give outline
Body
(2 to 3 paragraphs)
- Arguments for
- Arguments against
- Give reasons / examples to illustrate each point
- Arguments to support your opinion
- Start a new paragraph for each point
- Give reasons/examples to illustrate each point
- Give the different solutions and their results
Conclusion
(2 sentences)
- Summarize main points
- State your opinion
- Summarize main points
- Restate your opinion
- Summarize main points
- State your opinion

Old way

Introduction

  • Opinion, Discussion
    • Paraphrase the question - Give your opinion - Describe two supporting reasons
  • Problems and solutions
    • Paraphrase the question - Describe 1 key problem/cause and related solution
  • Advantages & Disadvantages
    • Paraphrase the question - Describe the point(s) of view stated in the statement
  • Two questions
    • Paraphrase the question - Describe your answer to both questions

Conclusion

  • Opinion, Discussion, Problem
    • Summarize the key points - State your opinion
  • Advantages & Disadvantages
    • Summarize the key points - State your opinion (if required)
  • Two questions
    • Summarize both questions and answers

Vocabulary

Statement

Sum up the main idea in your paragraph.

  • In my opinion...
  • Arguably...
  • Similarly...
  • Firstly Secondly
  • Both...
  • In contrast...

Illustration

Provide evidence for the point you are making.

  • For example...
  • An example of this is...
  • This is shown...
  • This can be seen...
  • This is demonstrated when...
  • We know this because
  • The evidence for this is...

Explanation

Why is the quotation significant?

  • This shows
  • This suggests...
  • This implies.
  • This is effective because...
  • The writer has chosen this technique because
  • This would make the reader feel...
  • This has been used because...

Common mistakes

  • Using inappropriate memorized language, phrases and clichés.
  • Using surveys and research to support opinion.
    • => Make sure you present a clear position supported by examples from your own life experience. For example:  Country, Family, Job, Student experience

IETLS - Graph

[TOC]

Vocabulary

Type

  • Pie chart
  • Line chart
  • Table
  • Bar chart

Date

  • In 1904,
  • By
  • In the year,
  • Between ... and ...
  • From ... to ...
  • During / over
  • Over the latter half
  • Over the next / past

Statistics

  • half, a quarter, a third
  • 10 per cent -> one in ten / a tenth
  • 20 per cent -> one in five / a fifth
  • 25 per cent -> one in four / a quarter
  • 50 per cent -> on in two / a half
  • 33 per cent -> one in three / a third
  • 75 per cent -> three out of four
  • 90 per cent -> nine out of tent

Adverb

  • rhythm :
    • constantly, steady, stable
    • steadily, regularly
  • speed :
    • slowly, gradually
    • suddenly, rapidly, quickly

Approximately

  • approximately, almost, nearly
    • approximately three out of four / nearly three quarter
  • more than, (just) over,
  • less than, fewer than, (just) under
  • roughly the same

In general

  • On the whole
  • By and large
  • For the most part
  • In the main
  • Overall

Variation

To increase To decrease To change To remain the same
rise fall experience different changes in stay
heighten reduce have/be very different remain
rocket collapse fluctuate (widely) maintain
surge plunge seesaw
peak drop
jump

Prediction

  • To predict
  • To forecast
  • To project
  • To estimate
  • To anticipate
  • To expect

Structure

  1. Introduction (4 lignes)
  2. Premier paragraphe de développement sur un point clé (6-7 lignes)
  3. Second paragraphe de développement sur un point clé (6-7 lignes)
  4. Conclusion (3 lignes)

Introduction

First sentence

Start with the following :

  • The graph illustrates the trends in…
  • The graph reveals information about the changes in…
  • The graph provides the differences between…
  • The graph presents how X has changed over a period of…

Then add time dimension :

  • between… and…
  • from… to… (inclusive)
  • in the year (1994)
  • during/over the period….
  • over the latter half of the year/century/decade/period…..
  • over the next/past/previous….
  • days/weeks/months/years/decades….
  • by (1997)…..

One or two other sentences

  • At the earliest date,... , but by the end... .
  • Across this period of time,... . Overall,... .
  • At the beginning of the period,... , but at the end... .
  • It can be seen that there... , while.... .

Développement

Chacune des 2 parties de développement commence avec une phrase de résumé.

  • The number of

Résumé

  • To sum up, ..., especially .....
  • To summarize,
  • In summary,
  • In a nuthsell

IELTS - Map

Structure

  1. Introduction : 2 sentances = presentation + overall results
  2. Main content : 1 paragraph by each map / dates
  3. Conclusion not needed

Vocabulary

Adverbs and Prepositions

  • North/South/East/West
  • Upstairs/Downstairs
  • Clockwise/Anticlockwise
  • To the north/To the south/To the east/To the west
  • Across the road
  • Before you get to
  • In the middle of = in the centre of
  • Just beyond = a little beyond = just past
  • Inside/Outside
  • To the left of/ To the right of

Verbs

  • Go up/Go down
  • Start by
  • Is located = is situated = lies = there is = is
  • Run through = cross = pass through = go through
  • Cross = pass over = cut across

Nouns

  • Crossroad = intersection = junction
  • Hosing area = residential area = sleeping area
  • Entrance = doorway
  • Path = way
  • Roundabout
  • Area = field = zone
  • Site = place = location
  • Edge = boundary = end = fringe

Describing change

Buildings or Roads

  • demolished, knocked-down, removed
  • flattened,
  • replaced with, renovated, modernized
  • built, constructed, reconstructed
  • extended, expanded (to)
  • relocated to, converted into,

Forest

  • cleared, cut-down, chopped-down
  • planted

Leisure Facilities

  • developed, set up, opened

IETLS - Process

[TOC]

Structure

  1. Introduction : 2 sentences = presentation + overall results
  2. Main content : 1 paragraph by each diagram or 1 paragraph for two half of the same diagram
  3. Conclusion not needed

Vocabulary

  • make, use, produce, manufacture
  • process of making
  • powder, grain, crumb
  • liquid, gaseous, solid
  • mass-produce

IELTS - Speaking

[TOC]

Time

  • 1 partie = 5 min
  • Total : 3 parties = 15 min

Part 1 - One question

  • Answer with 2 or 3 sentences => Ask you why at the end of answer
  • Examiner will ask 2 or 3 questions

Part 2 - Describe your experience

  • 1 min de préparation
  • 1'30 à 2 min de discours

Methodology

Steps :

  1. Read all the questions to be ensure you understand them well
  2. Start by the harder one
  3. Try to find synonym

Development :

  • Where => town, suburbs, transport
  • Why => other people, special event, news, environment,
  • What => object

Vocabulary

  • Enjoying the process
    • proud
    • give me pleasure, make me happy
    • delighted, satisfied, thrilled
    • excited, overjoyed
    • joyfull, greatfull, beautiful
    • superb, great, nice
    • sweet
  • Not enjoying
    • bad, terrible, horrific
    • dreadful, frightful, awfull

Part 3 - Like an oral essay

Methodology

  • Rephrase / Statement
    • => There are many things, one reason may be ...
    • => Reformulate the question to ensure the answer is the one expected
  • Explain / Why ? => Indeed, they do not have to...
  • Example / Me => For instance,..., For example, ...
  • Explain two main points, in opposition or not for each answer => On the other, On both sides

Vocabulary

  • First fact :
    • There are many things, one reason may be ...
  • Second fact :
    • While / However -> which brings / leads me to my second reason
    • In addition
  • Two facts
    • A possible reason / consequence could be
    • Another one would be
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