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C++ is built on several core principles that define its design philosophy, efficiency, and flexibility. These principles guide language development and best practices.
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In C++, classes have special member functions that the compiler can automatically generate or that you must explicitly define to manage object lifetime and behavior:
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The friend
keyword in C++ allows one class, function, or operator to access private and protected members of another class. This provides controlled access for tight coupling between related classes or functions, enabling better encapsulation while maintaining controlled access.
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C++ is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language that evolved from C. It introduced classes, templates, exception handling, and generic programming, making it one of the most widely used languages today.
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Boost is a collection of free, peer-reviewed, portable C++ libraries that extend the capabilities of the C++ Standard Library. Founded in 1998 by members of the C++ Standards Committee, Boost has grown into one of the most influential third-party libraries in the C++ ecosystem, with over 170 individual libraries as of its latest release (Boost 1.87.0, December 2024). Its mission is to provide high-quality, reusable components that work seamlessly with the STL, often serving as a proving ground for features later standardized in C++.
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Providing a truly comprehensive and thorough explanation of every Agile methodology—covering every detail, comparison, and use case—is a monumental task that could span an entire book. However, I’ll give you a detailed, actionable overview of the most prominent Agile methodologies, including their principles, processes, strengths, weaknesses, comparisons, and guidance on when to use each. This will cover the key players in the Agile ecosystem as of March 13, 2025, based on my continuously updated knowledge. I’ll focus on practical insights rather than exhaustive minutiae, ensuring you get a clear picture without overwhelming you.
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C++17 introduced execution policies in the <execution>
header, enabling parallel and vectorized execution for certain algorithms in the Standard Template Library (STL). This allows developers to speed up computations by leveraging multiple CPU cores and SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) instructions.
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The STL contains a wide range of algorithms, mostly defined in the <algorithm>
header, with additional ones in <numeric>
and other headers. Below is a comprehensive list of the algorithms available in the C++ STL as of the latest standards (up to C++20, with some C++23 additions where applicable). I'll categorize them for clarity, based on their primary functionality: