清华源：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/
# 替换源
sed -i s@/archive.ubuntu.com/@/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/@g /etc/apt/sources.listapt设置代理
sudo nano /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/proxy.conf
#Acquire {
# HTTP::proxy "http://ip:port";
# HTTPS::proxy "http://ip:port";
#}
Acquire::http::Proxy "http://ip:port";
Acquire::https::Proxy "http://ip:port";
Acquire::http::Proxy {
mirrors.aliyun.com DIRECT;
mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn DIRECT;
}
在脚本中执行:
sudo touch /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/proxy.conf
echo 'Acquire::socks::proxy "socks5://127.0.0.1:1337/";' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/proxy.conf- htop
- ctop, docker container top
- fping，更好性能的ping，基于icmp协议，能同时监控多个，结合watch使用
- httpie，很好的命令行http工具
- jq, curl输出json格式化和过滤
- tree
- speedtest-cli
- iperf3
- glances
- tldr，比看man的提示效率高
- tracepath,traceroute的替代方案
- mtr，traceroute的替代方案，实时统计
# 找到设备名称
sudo fdisk -l
# 创建mount目录
sudo mkdir /media/test
# 挂载 U 盘到目录
sudo mount -t exfat /dev/sda1 /media/test
# 卸载u盘
sudo umount /dev/sda1监控 usb：
# watch -n.5 lsusb
Every 0.5s: lsusb pve: Fri Nov 17 16:47:10 2023
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 152d:0583 JMicron Technology Corp. / JMicron USA Technology Corp. JMS583Gen 2 to PCIe Gen3x2 Bridge
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub# 查看sshd服务状态
$ sudo systemctl status ssh
● ssh.service - OpenBSD Secure Shell server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/ssh.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-01-19 16:38:08 CST; 1 weeks 1 days ago
Docs: man:sshd(8)
man:sshd_config(5)
Main PID: 738 (sshd)
Tasks: 1 (limit: 76919)
Memory: 11.7M
CGroup: /system.slice/ssh.service
└─738 sshd: /usr/sbin/sshd -D [listener] 0 of 10-100 startups
# 编辑配置文件
sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
# 重启服务
sudo systemctl restart ssh编辑文件，/etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml
network:
version: 2
renderer: networkd
ethernets:
eth0:
addresses:
- 192.168.0.8/24
- 192.168.0.9/24
dhcp4: no
gateway4: 192.168.0.1
nameservers:
addresses: [192.168.0.1]相关命令：
# 检查生成是否有问题
sudo netplan --debug generate
# 让新设置生效
sudo netplan apply
# 重启
sudo reboot参见：https://askubuntu.com/a/1251819
# stop snapd services
sudo systemctl stop snapd && sudo systemctl disable snapd
# purge snapd
sudo apt purge snapd
# remove no longer needed folders
rm -rf ~/snap
sudo rm -rf /snap /var/snap /var/lib/snapd /var/cache/snapd /usr/lib/snapdsudo apt install lm-sensors
watch sensors# 安装
sudo apt install sysstat -y
# 允许数据收集的配置
sudo sed -i 's/false/true/g' /etc/default/sysstat
sudo sed -i 's/5-55\/10/*\/2/g' /etc/cron.d/sysstat
# 重启服务
sudo service sysstat restart
# 检查page faults
sudo sar -B 1macOS插入u盘，找到设备名：
diskutil list
卸载u盘：
diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk3
使用dd命令写入：
sudo dd if=ubuntu-20.04.2-live-server-amd64.iso of=/dev/rdisk3 bs=64m
Password:
18+1 records in
18+1 records out
1215168512 bytes transferred in 49.705693 secs (24447270 bytes/sec)
sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghaisudo su -
rm /etc/resolv.conf
echo "nameserver 192.168.0.222" | tee /etc/resolv.conf
systemctl disable systemd-resolved.service
systemctl stop systemd-resolved
reboot now# 查看磁盘硬件是否正确加载
sudo fdisk -l
# 或者
sudo parted -l
# 分区
sudo parted /dev/nvme0n1
mklabel gpt
mkpart primary ext4 0% 100%
# 格式化
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L mystorage /dev/nvme0n1p1
# 挂载
sudo mkdir /mnt/m2ssd
echo "LABEL=storage3 /mnt/m2ssd ext4 defaults 0 2" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
sudo mount -a
# 查询 label
lsblk --output NAME,LABEL /dev/nvme0n1
# 设置 label
sudo e2label /dev/nvme1n1 bus_4t
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install fio -y
sudo fio --name=randwrite \
--ioengine=libaio \
--iodepth=16 \
--rw=randwrite \
--bs=4k \
--size=1G \
--numjobs=4 \
--time_based \
--runtime=10m \
--group_reporting \
--norandommap \
--filename=/dev/nvme0n1,/dev/nvme1n1