Python script to convert a JSON list of objects to XML

xml_converter.py

import json
from xml.sax.saxutils import escape
from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element, tostring
from xml.dom.minidom import parseString
import logging
from lxml import etree

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

class XmlConverter:
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        pass

    def convert(self, json_string: str) -> str:
        json_data = json.loads(json_string)

        # The data will be an array of cases; if the array is empty, do not proceed
        if len(json_data) == 0:
            return None

        xml_str = self.__json_to_xml__(json_data)

        if not self.__is_valid_xml__(xml_str):
            return None

        return xml_str

    def __json_to_xml__(self, json_data) -> str:
        """
        Convert JSON data to an XML string.
        """
        root_name = 'Cases'
        xml_element = self.__cases_to_xml__(json_data, root_name)

        return parseString(tostring(xml_element)).toprettyxml()

    def __cases_to_xml__(self, case_list: list[dict[str, any]], root_name: str) -> Element:
        root = Element(root_name)

        for entry in case_list:
            case_child = Element('LabResults')
            root.append(self.__dict_to_xml__(entry['labResults'], case_child))

        return root

    def __dict_to_xml__(self, d: dict[str, any], root: Element) -> Element:
        """
        Convert a dictionary to an XML Element.
        """
        for key, value in d.items():
            key_capital = key[:1].upper() + key[1:]
            if key == 'receivedDate':
                key_capital = key

            child = Element(key_capital)

            if isinstance(value, dict):
                root.append(self.__dict_to_xml__(value, child))
            elif isinstance(value, list):
                # Containing name will be pluralized, make child name singular
                key_capital = key_capital[:-1]
                for item in value:
                    list_root = Element(key_capital)
                    child.append(self.__dict_to_xml__(item, list_root))

                root.append(child)
            else:
                child.text = escape(str(value))
                if child.text.lower().startswith('not d'):
                    child.text = 'Not Detected'

                root.append(child)

        return root

    def __is_valid_xml__(self, xml_string):
        try:
            etree.fromstring(xml_string)
            return True
        except etree.XMLSyntaxError as e:
            print('XML Error:', e)
            logger.warning('Invalid XML encountered', exc_info=e)
            return False