mysql

RECOMMEND TO SAVE ALSO ALL NATIVE FILES FROM DATABASE

-- backup
mysqldump -u USER -pPASSWORD DATABASE > /path/to/file/dump.sql
-- structure database
mysqldump --no-data - u USER -pPASSWORD DATABASE > /path/to/file/schema.sql
-- dump of one or else tables
mysqldump -u USER -pPASSWORD DATABASE TABLE1 TABLE2 TABLE3 > /path/to/file/dump_table.sql
-- backup and archive
mysqldump -u USER -pPASSWORD DATABASE | gzip > /path/to/outputfile.sql.gz
-- backup with date
mysqldump -u USER -pPASSWORD DATABASE | gzip > `date +/path/to/outputfile.sql.%Y%m%d.%H%M%S.gz`

-- put backup to database
mysql -u USER -pPASSWORD DATABASE < /path/to/dump.sql
-- from archive
gunzip < /path/to/outputfile.sql.gz | mysql -u USER -pPASSWORD DATABASE
//or//
zcat /path/to/outputfile.sql.gz | mysql -u USER -pPASSWORD DATABASE

-- advanced options
mysqldump -Q -c -e -u USER -pPASSWORD DATABASE > /path/to/file/dump.sql, где:
    -Q wraps names in backticks
    -c makes the complete box, including the names of the columns
    -e doing an extended insert. The resulting file is smaller and it is a little faster

For InnoDB you need to add --single-transaction
For MyISAN it is not actually