Exemplo de como tirar uma fotografia e redimensionar a imagem. Exemplo usando Thread e ProgressDialog.

TakePicture2

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

public class TakePicture extends Activity implements Runnable  {

    //Variaveis
    private static final int PICTURE_RESULT = 1001;
    private String fileName = "seucaminho\foto_%s.jpg";
    private File fileResult;
    private Uri outputFileUri;
    private File outputFile;
    ProgressDialog progress;
    boolean isProcessed;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.tirar_foto);
        //Caminho da foto
        fileName = String.format(fileName, System.currentTimeMillis());
        //Arquivo da foto
        fileResult = new File(fileName);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.nova_foto:
                outputFileUri = Uri.fromFile(fileResult);
                Intent cameraIntent = new Intent(android.provider.MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
                cameraIntent.putExtra(android.provider.MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, outputFileUri);
                startActivityForResult(cameraIntent, PICTURE_RESULT);
                break;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {
        if (requestCode == PICTURE_RESULT) {
            progress = ProgressDialog.show(this, "", "Processando...", true, false);
            Thread thread = new Thread(this);
            thread.start();
        }
    }

    public static boolean processPicture(File fileFrom) {
        FileOutputStream out;
        try {
            BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
            Bitmap bmpCompressed = resizeImage(fileFrom);
            if (bmpCompressed != null){
                out = new FileOutputStream(fileFrom.getPath());
                bmpCompressed.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 50, out);
                out.flush();
                out.close();
            }
            System.gc();
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e("TakePicture", "processPicture", e);
            return false;
        }
    }

    public static Bitmap resizeImage(File file){
        try {
            final int IMAGE_MAX_SIZE = 500000; // 50kb

            // Decode image size
            BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();
            o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
            BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file.getPath(),  o);

            int scale = 1;
            while ((o.outWidth * o.outHeight) * (1 / Math.pow(scale, 2)) >
                    IMAGE_MAX_SIZE) {
                scale++;
            }

            Bitmap b = null;
            if (scale > 1) {
                scale--;
                // scale to max possible inSampleSize that still yields an image
                // larger than target
                o = new BitmapFactory.Options();
                o.inSampleSize = scale;
                b = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file.getPath(), o);

                // resize to desired dimensions
                int height = b.getHeight();
                int width = b.getWidth();

                double y = Math.sqrt(IMAGE_MAX_SIZE / (((double) width) / height));
                double x = (y / height) * width;

                Bitmap scaledBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(b, (int) x, (int) y, true);
                b.recycle();
                b = scaledBitmap;

                System.gc();
            } else {
                b = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file.getPath());
            }

            if(b!=null)
                Log.d("TakePicture", "bitmap size - width: " +b.getWidth() + ", height: " + b.getHeight());
            else
                Log.d("TakePicture", "bitmap size - b null");

            return b;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e("TakePicture", e.getMessage(), e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        isProcessed = processPicture(outputFile);
        handler.sendEmptyMessage(0);
    }

    private Handler handler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {

            if(isProcessed) {
                //AQUI FAÇA O TRATAMENTO SE SUA IMAGEM FOI CRIADA COM SUCESSO
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Erro ao processar a imagem", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }

            progress.dismiss();
        }
    };
}