Upload a file from a URL to the WordPress media gallery. Supports images, PDFs, and other file types.

rs_upload_from_url.php

<?php

/**
 * This function uploads a file from a URL to the media library, designed to be placed in your own theme or plugin.
 * Metadata will be generated and images will generate thumbnails automatically.
 *
 * HOW TO USE:
 *    1. Add the function below to your theme or plugin
 *    2. Call the function and provide the URL to an image or other file.
 *    3. If successful, the attachment ID will be returned.
 *
 * BASIC USAGE:
 *    $attachment_id = rs_upload_from_url( "https://www.gstatic.com/webp/gallery/1.jpg" );
 *    if ( $attachment_id ) echo wp_get_attachment_image( $attachment_id, 'large' );
 *
 * DOWNLOAD AS A PLUGIN (optional):
 *    Below is a link to a separate plugin you can upload to your site to help get started. 
 *    It is a fully-functional example and demonstrates upload both JPG and WEBP image by using a "secret" url. 
 *    It also provides an easy way to delete the test images that were created.
 *    @see https://gist.github.com/RadGH/be30af96617b13e7848a4626ef179bbd
 *
 * To upload from a *LOCAL FILE PATH* instead of a URL:
 * @see: https://gist.github.com/RadGH/3b544c827193927d1772
 */


/**
 * Upload a file to the media library using a URL.
 * 
 * @version 1.3
 * @author  Radley Sustaire
 * @see     https://gist.github.com/RadGH/966f8c756c5e142a5f489e86e751eacb
 *
 * @param string $url           URL to be uploaded
 * @param null|string $title    Override the default post_title
 * @param null|string $content  Override the default post_content (Added in 1.3)
 * @param null|string $alt      Override the default alt text (Added in 1.3)
 *
 * @return int|false
 */
function rs_upload_from_url( $url, $title = null, $content = null, $alt = null ) {
	require_once( ABSPATH . "/wp-load.php");
	require_once( ABSPATH . "/wp-admin/includes/image.php");
	require_once( ABSPATH . "/wp-admin/includes/file.php");
	require_once( ABSPATH . "/wp-admin/includes/media.php");
	
	// Download url to a temp file
	$tmp = download_url( $url );
	if ( is_wp_error( $tmp ) ) return false;
	
	// Get the filename and extension ("photo.png" => "photo", "png")
	$filename = pathinfo($url, PATHINFO_FILENAME);
	$extension = pathinfo($url, PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
	
	// An extension is required or else WordPress will reject the upload
	if ( ! $extension ) {
		// Look up mime type, example: "/photo.png" -> "image/png"
		$mime = mime_content_type( $tmp );
		$mime = is_string($mime) ? sanitize_mime_type( $mime ) : false;
		
		// Only allow certain mime types because mime types do not always end in a valid extension (see the .doc example below)
		$mime_extensions = array(
			// mime_type         => extension (no period)
			'text/plain'         => 'txt',
			'text/csv'           => 'csv',
			'application/msword' => 'doc',
			'image/jpg'          => 'jpg',
			'image/jpeg'         => 'jpeg',
			'image/gif'          => 'gif',
			'image/png'          => 'png',
			'video/mp4'          => 'mp4',
		);
		
		if ( isset( $mime_extensions[$mime] ) ) {
			// Use the mapped extension
			$extension = $mime_extensions[$mime];
		}else{
			// Could not identify extension. Clear temp file and abort.
			wp_delete_file($tmp);
			return false;
		}
	}
	
	// Upload by "sideloading": "the same way as an uploaded file is handled by media_handle_upload"
	$args = array(
		'name' => "$filename.$extension",
		'tmp_name' => $tmp,
	);
	
	// Post data to override the post title, content, and alt text
	$post_data = array();
	if ( $title )   $post_data['post_title'] = $title;
	if ( $content ) $post_data['post_content'] = $content;
	
	// Do the upload
	$attachment_id = media_handle_sideload( $args, 0, null, $post_data );
	
	// Clear temp file
	wp_delete_file($tmp);
	
	// Error uploading
	if ( is_wp_error($attachment_id) ) return false;
	
	// Save alt text as post meta if provided
	if ( $alt ) {
		update_post_meta( $attachment_id, '_wp_attachment_image_alt', $alt );
	}
	
	// Success, return attachment ID
	return (int) $attachment_id;
}

I've updated this function to use media_handle_sideload and other things. It's almost entirely rewritten and much less complicated.

For uploading a local file path instead, consider my other function:

rs_upload_from_path( $path )
https://gist.github.com/RadGH/3b544c827193927d1772

Hi, I am testing this function and put rs_upload_from_url funtion in functions.php

and for now call directly in a page template like below
$url = "https://dummyimage.com/600x400/000/fff";
$result = rs_upload_from_url( $url );
But it's not uploading the dummy image. It calls the function, but it goes through ( is_wp_error($attachment_id) ) { }

Am I using it wrong? Thanks in advance

@greenlevel Thanks for catching that! It was because the URL did not have an extension. I updated the function to get the extension by mime type as a fallback. Now it should work with your URL and correctly identifies the image as a .png

@RadGH Thanks. After a lot of searching, I found a plugin that fits what I wanted.
https://wordpress.org/plugins/exmage-wp-image-links/ it allows you to upload images to WordPress media as links plus paste multiple links at once each on its own line. That's what I was looking for. Thanks so much again for your quick and prompt response.

@greenlevel Thanks for catching that! It was because the URL did not have an extension. I updated the function to get the extension by mime type as a fallback. Now it should work with your URL and correctly identifies the image as a .png

Haha, no problem :) Thanks for making this function and making the quick fix!

Thanks for this! Just a minor note - I don't think the file cleanup was actually happening. I have this inside of a recursive API and kept running into critical errors. I removed the @ from line 78 @unlink($tmp); and changed it to unlink($tmp); and it stopped timing out.

Great, thank you

Thank you so much @RadGH !
It's really really helpful!

Still working 2023! Thank you!

@RadGH It's not working for image URL like this. https://www.futurepedia.io/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.sanity.io%2Fimages%2Fu0v1th4q%2Fproduction%2F7ef56859f0951a3d7382a37487aa80c8fba2ef0e-694x340.jpg%3Frect%3D21%2C0%2C652%2C340%26w%3D1680%26h%3D876%26auto%3Dformat&w=3840&q=75

@aspnarola It's hard to say for sure but looking at that URL it doesn't have a filename and extension. The filename would probably be considered "image" because it ends in "/_next/image?url=".

You'll want to do some debugging and see what is happening with the variables $tmp, $filename, and $extension.

If the problem is with $tmp and it bails at line 31, you'll want to look at the documentation for download_url() here:
https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/download_url/

If the problem is with the filename/extension and it bails at line 62, you'll want to modify the function to work for that URL. In your case there is a $_GET parameter in your link that is called "url" which points to a separate link. In that case you can parse the URL to get the link to sanity.io and then use the filename "7ef56859f0951a3d7382a37487aa80c8fba2ef0e-694x340.jpg" instead.

It works!, but I would like to be able to convert a JPG image to WEBP with this same process, is it possible?

@LeninZapata You could look at using imagewebp() after you download the file. Some examples can be seen on Stack Overflow. When dealing with wp_handle_sideload(), you might need to fake the path in $_FILES['tmp_name'] to point to the converted file.

You might also want to use wp_generate_attachment_metadata() afterward so that the thumbnails are generated, assuming that works with webp images.

@LeninZapata You could look at using imagewebp() after you download the file. Some examples can be seen on Stack Overflow. When dealing with wp_handle_sideload(), you might need to fake the path in $_FILES['tmp_name'] to point to the converted file.

You might also want to use wp_generate_attachment_metadata() afterward so that the thumbnails are generated, assuming that works with webp images.

Thank you so much!

ThankS!!!

Nice, thanks you!

Yeh! Still working 09.12.2023 ;) Thanks a lot!

Hello, how can I use this snippet? I mean I have put the code in the functions.php and tried to upload the media by going to Media > Library page, where's the button to upload from a URL? Am I missing something... Sorry I'm no code developer. Thanks!

@gilangramadhan There is no interface. You'll need to do some coding to make use of this. I'm sure there is a plugin out there that will let you upload files by url using the media uploader. What would work best for what you are trying to do?

Thanks for this! This is great, @RadGH! -- one minor suggestion: switch the @unlink's with wp_delete_file; this will allow you to remove silence operators from your code (and, more importantly, allow the path to be filterable via the wp_delete_file filter)

@philbirnie Great suggestion, thanks! I updated the script to use wp_delete_file instead of @unlink.

Dose it support .webp format like this one?
https://a2zaitools.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Drafts-AI-1024x501.webp

@mdbadsha Yep, I just tested and webp images work just fine.

---

To anyone else interested, I created a plugin to test this function which is available at another gist URL:

https://gist.github.com/RadGH/be30af96617b13e7848a4626ef179bbd

Instructions and a screenshot of the results are displayed on the first comment:

https://gist.github.com/RadGH/be30af96617b13e7848a4626ef179bbd#gistcomment-4870147