Set Mac Desktop Wallpaper from python

set_wallpaper.py

"""Programatically set the Mac Desktop wallpaper from python

Also shows how to load a framework with pyobjc

Source: https://github.com/jbmorley/download-bing-image
"""

import objc
from CoreFoundation import CFUUIDCreateFromString
from Foundation import NSBundle

bndl = NSBundle.bundleWithPath_(
    objc.pathForFramework(
        "/System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/"
        "Versions/A/Frameworks/HIServices.framework/"
        "Versions/A/HIServices"
    )
)
objc.loadBundleFunctions(
    bndl,
    globals(),
    [
        (u"DesktopPictureCopyDisplayForSpace", b"^{__CFDictionary=}Ii^{__CFString=}"),
        (u"DesktopPictureSetDisplayForSpace", b"vI^{__CFDictionary=}ii^{__CFString=}"),
    ],
)
bndl = NSBundle.bundleWithPath_(
    objc.pathForFramework(
        "/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreGraphics.framework/Versions/A/" "CoreGraphics"
    )
)
objc.loadBundleFunctions(
    bndl,
    globals(),
    [
        (u"_CGSDefaultConnection", b"i"),
        (
            u"CGSCopyManagedDisplaySpaces",
            b"^{__CFArray=}i",
            "",
            {"retval": {"already_retained": True}},
        ),
        (u"CGMainDisplayID", b"I"),
        (u"CGSGetDisplayForUUID", b"I^{__CFUUID=}"),
    ],
)


class OSXSpace(object):
    def __init__(self, uuid, display_uuid, managed_space_id, id64, type, wsid):
        self.uuid = uuid
        self.display_uuid = display_uuid
        self.managed_space_id = managed_space_id
        self.id64 = id64
        self.type = type
        self.wsid = wsid

    def __repr__(self):
        return "<OSXSpace uuid:'%s' managedSpaceID:%d>" % (
            self.uuid,
            self.managed_space_id,
        )

    def __str__(self):
        return "<OSXSpace uuid:'%s' displayUUID:'%s' managedSpaceID:%d id64:%d, type:%d, wsid:%d>" % (
            self.uuid,
            self.display_uuid,
            self.managed_space_id,
            self.id64,
            self.type,
            self.wsid,
        )


def set_wallpaper(wallpaper_path):
    spaces_per_display_info = CGSCopyManagedDisplaySpaces(_CGSDefaultConnection())
    all_spaces = []

    for display_space_info in spaces_per_display_info:
        display_uuid = display_space_info["Display Identifier"]
        for space_info in display_space_info["Spaces"]:
            space = OSXSpace(
                space_info["uuid"],
                display_uuid,
                space_info["ManagedSpaceID"],
                space_info.get("id64", 0),
                space_info.get("type", 0),
                space_info.get("wsid", 0),
            )
            all_spaces.append(space)

    for space in all_spaces:
        display_uuid = CFUUIDCreateFromString(None, space.display_uuid)
        display_id = CGSGetDisplayForUUID(display_uuid)
        DesktopPictureSetDisplayForSpace(
            display_id, {"ImageFilePath": wallpaper_path}, 0, 0, space.uuid
        )


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys

    if len(sys.argv) < 2:
        print("Usage: %s <wallpaper_path>" % sys.argv[0])
        sys.exit(1)
    set_wallpaper(sys.argv[1])