Karabiner Elements - CAPS_LOCK to HYPER (SHIFT+COMMAND+OPTION+CONTROL) or ESCAPE (If Alone)

modification.json

{
    "description": "CAPS_LOCK to HYPER (SHIFT+COMMAND+OPTION+CONTROL) or ESCAPE (If Alone)",
    "manipulators": [
        {
            "from": {
                "key_code": "caps_lock",
                "modifiers": {}
            },
            "to": [
                {
                    "key_code": "left_shift",
                    "modifiers": [
                        "left_command",
                        "left_control",
                        "left_option"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "to_if_alone": [
                {
                    "key_code": "escape"
                }
            ],
            "type": "basic"
        },
        {
            "description": "Avoid starting sysdiagnose with the built-in macOS shortcut cmd+shift+option+ctrl+,",
            "from": {
                "key_code": "comma",
                "modifiers": {
                    "mandatory": [
                        "command",
                        "shift",
                        "option",
                        "control"
                    ]
                }
            },
            "to": [],
            "type": "basic"
        },
        {
            "description": "Avoid starting sysdiagnose with the built-in macOS shortcut cmd+shift+option+ctrl+.",
            "from": {
                "key_code": "period",
                "modifiers": {
                    "mandatory": [
                        "command",
                        "shift",
                        "option",
                        "control"
                    ]
                }
            },
            "to": [],
            "type": "basic"
        },
        {
            "from": {
                "description": "Avoid starting sysdiagnose with the built-in macOS shortcut cmd+shift+option+ctrl+/",
                "key_code": "slash",
                "modifiers": {
                    "mandatory": [
                        "command",
                        "shift",
                        "option",
                        "control"
                    ]
                }
            },
            "to": [],
            "type": "basic"
        }
    ]
}

Note: I didn't come up with this myself and I can't remember where I found it!