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FreeCodeCamp Tribute v2
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<object> <h1 id="title">Mexican Painter<div style="font-size:20px;">(July 6, 1907 – July 13, 1954)</div></h1></object>
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<h3>1907–1924: Childhood</h3>Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderón was born on July 6, 1907 in Coyoacán, a village on the outskirts of Mexico City. Kahlo enjoyed art from an early age, receiving drawing instruction from her father's friend, printmaker Fernando Fernández and filling notebooks with sketches. In 1925, she began to work outside of school to help her family.After briefly working as a stenographer, she became a paid engraving apprentice for Fernández. He was impressed by her talent, although she did not consider art as a career at this time.
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<img id="image" src="https://s33.postimg.cc/hu49gn6tb/young_Frida.png">
<figcaption id="img-caption">Kahlo (on the right) and her sisters Cristina, Matilde, and Adriana, photographed by their father, 1916.</figcaption>
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<h3>1925–1930: Bus accident, first paintings, and marriage to Diego Rivera</h3>On September 17, 1925, Kahlo and her boyfriend – a fellow Cachucha, Alejandro Gómez Arias – were on their way home from school when the wooden bus they were riding collided with a streetcar. The accident killed several people and fractured Kahlo's ribs, both her legs, and her collarbone.
<p>
The accident ended Kahlo's dreams of becoming a doctor and caused her pain and illness for the rest of her life; her friend Andrés Henestrosa stated that Kahlo "lived dying". Painting became a way for Kahlo to explore questions of identity and existence,and she later stated that the accident and the isolating recovery period made her desire "to begin again, painting things just as [she] saw them with [her] own eyes and nothing more."<p>
Kahlo's bed rest was over by late 1927, and she began socializing with her old school friends, who were now at university and involved in student politics. She joined the Mexican Communist Party (PCM) and was introduced to a circle of political activists and artists, including the exiled Cuban communist Julio Antonio Mella and the Italian-American photographer Tina Modotti.At one of Modotti's parties in June 1928, Kahlo was introduced to Diego Rivera, one of Mexico's most successful artists and a notable figure in PCM. Kahlo soon began a relationship with Rivera, despite his being 42 years old, having had two common-law wives, and being a self-confessed womanizer.<p>
Kahlo and Rivera were married in a civil ceremony at the town hall of Coyoacán on August 21, 1929. During the civil war, Mexico had seen some of the heaviest fighting, and living in a Spanish-style Cuernavaca sharpened Kahlo's sense of a Mexican identity and history. She changed her artistic style and increasingly drew inspiration from Mexican folk art.
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<img id="image" src="https://s33.postimg.cc/6hrnz20r3/frida1928.png">
<figcaption id="img-caption">Portrait of Alejandro Gómez Arias(1928).</figcaption>
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<h3>1931–1933: Travels in the United States</h3>Rivera had completed a commission in Cuernavaca in late 1930, he and Kahlo moved to San Francisco, where he painted murals for the Luncheon Club of the San Francisco Stock Exchange and the California School of Fine Arts. Kahlo was introduced to American artists such as Edward Weston, Ralph Stackpole, Timothy Pflueger, and Nickolas Muray. Her long love affair with Muray most likely began around this time.<p>
The six months spent in San Francisco were a productive period for Kahlo, who further developed the folk art style she had adopted in Cuernavaca. In addition to painting portraits of several new acquaintances,she made Frieda and Diego Rivera (1931), a double portrait based on their wedding photograph, and The Portrait of Luther Burbank (1931), which depicted the eponymous horticulturist as a hybrid between a human and a plant. Although she still publicly presented herself as simply Rivera's spouse rather than as an artist she participated for the first time in an exhibition, when Frieda and Diego Rivera was included in the Sixth Annual Exhibition of the San Francisco Society of Women Artists in the Palace of the Legion of Honor.<p>
Kahlo and Rivera returned to Mexico for the summer of 1931, and in the fall, traveled to New York City for the opening of Rivera's retrospective at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA). In April 1932, they headed to Detroit, where he had been commissioned by the Ford Motor Company to paint murals for the Detroit Institute of Arts. By this time, Kahlo had become bolder in her interactions with the press, impressing journalists with her fluency in English and stating on her arrival to the city that she was the greater artist of the two of them.
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<img id="image" src="https://s33.postimg.cc/w1ty59gxb/frida_1931.jpg">
<figcaption id="img-caption">Frieda and Diego Rivera(1931).</figcaption>
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<h3>1934–1939: San Ángel and international recognition</h3>Back in Mexico City, Kahlo and Rivera moved to San Ángel. Commissioned from Le Corbusier's student Juan O'Gorman, it consisted of two sections joined together by a bridge; Kahlo's was painted blue and Rivera's pink and white. The bohemian residence became an important meeting place for artists and political activists from Mexico and abroad.<p>
Kahlo made no new paintings in 1934 and only two in the following year. She was again experiencing health problems — undergoing an appendectomy, two abortions, and the amputation of gangrenous toes — and her marriage to Rivera had become strained. He was not happy to be back in Mexico and blamed Kahlo for their return.While he had been unfaithful to her before, he now embarked on an affair with her younger sister Cristina, which deeply hurt Kahlo's feelings.After discovering it in early 1935, she moved to an apartment in central Mexico City and considered divorcing him.She also had an affair of her own with American artist Isamu Noguchi.<p>
Kahlo reconciled with Rivera and Cristina later in 1935 and moved back to San Ángel.She became a loving aunt to Cristina's children, Isolda and Antonio. Despite the reconciliation, both Rivera and Kahlo continued their infidelities. She also resumed her political activities in 1936, joining the Fourth International and becoming a founding member of a solidarity committee to provide aid to the Republicans in the Spanish Civil War. She and Rivera successfully petitioned the Mexican government to grant asylum to former Soviet leader Leon Trotsky and offered La Casa Azul for him and his wife Natalia Sedova as a residence. The couple lived there from January 1937 until April 1939, with Kahlo and Trotsky not only becoming good friends but also having a brief affair.
<p>1937 and 1938 were extremely productive years for Kahlo, and she painted more "than she had done in all her eight previous years of marriage", creating such works as My Nurse and I (1937), Memory, the Heart (1937), Four Inhabitants of Mexico (1938), and What the Water Gave Me (1938). She made her first significant sale in the summer of 1938, when film star and art collector Edward G. Robinson purchased four paintings at $200 each. Even greater recognition followed when French Surrealist André Breton visited Rivera in April 1938. He was impressed by Kahlo, immediately claiming her as a surrealist and describing her work as "a ribbon around a bomb". Her first solo exhibition at his gallery on the East 57th Street in Manhattan.<p>
Despite the Great Depression, Kahlo sold half of the twenty-five paintings presented in the exhibition. Kahlo and Rivera were granted a divorce in November 1939 but remained friendly; she continued to manage his finances and correspondence.
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<img id="image" src="https://s33.postimg.cc/9eeoz41db/frida_1937_1938.jpg">
<figcaption id="img-caption">Self-portrait with Monkey(1938); My nurse and I(1937). </figcaption>
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<h3>1940–1949: La Casa Azul, success in Mexico, and declining health</h3>She painted several of her most famous pieces during this period, such as The Two Fridas (1939), Self-portrait with Cropped Hair (1940), The Wounded Table (1940), and Self-Portrait with Thorn Necklace and Hummingbird (1940). Three exhibitions featured her works in 1940: the fourth International Surrealist Exhibition in Mexico City, the Golden Gate International Exposition in San Francisco, and Twenty Centuries of Mexican Art in MoMA in New York.
<p> Kahlo's health problems continued throughout the 1940s. Due to her spinal problems, she wore twenty-eight separate supportive corsets, varying from steel and leather to plaster, between 1940 and 1954.The death of her father in April 1941 plunged her into a depression.
<p>
Kahlo accepted a teaching position at the recently reformed, nationalistic Escuela Nacional de Pintura, Escultura y Grabado "La Esmeralda" in 1943. Her paintings from this period, such as Broken Column (1944), Without Hope (1945), Tree of Hope, Stand Fast (1946), and The Wounded Deer (1946), reflect her declining health.
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<div class="1950img">
<img id="image" src="https://s33.postimg.cc/vev1fpwvz/frida_worry.jpg">
<figcaption id="img-caption">Without Hope(1945).</figcaption>
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<h3>1950–1954: Last years and Death</h3>In 1950, Kahlo spent most of the year in Hospital ABC in Mexico City, where she underwent a new bone graft surgery on her spine.It caused a difficult infection and necessitated several follow-up surgeries.After being discharged, she was mostly confined to La Casa Azul, using a wheelchair and crutches to be ambulatory.<p>
At approximately 6 a.m. on July 13, 1954, Kahlo died.<p>
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<img id="image" src="https://s33.postimg.cc/57tujm1pr/frida_last.jpg">
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<figcaption id="img-caption">Marxism Will Give Health to the Sick(1954).</figcaption>
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<footer>If you have time, you should read more about this incredible human being on her <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frida_Kahlo" id="tribute-link" target="_blank">Wikipedia entry.</a><br>★ <a href="http://www.petulapascall.com" target="_blank">SeePetulaCode 2018 ★</footer>
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