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Created March 19, 2021 18:01
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A crazy simple SMTP server, for educational purposes only.
// Command and Control Simple Mail Transport Protocol Server [CCSMTP]
// Kenneth Finnegan, GPLv2 - 2012
// kennethfinnegan.blogspot.com
//
// This is a VERY simple smtp daemon which implements the bare minimum
// required of it to receive email messages directed at it from other
// mail servers.
//
// It currently does no processing to the received email short of simply
// printing it to the terminal one line at a time.
// Attachments seem to blow its mind...
//
// WARNING: THIS IS NOTHING MORE THAN A TOY DAEMON!
//
// For sake of simplicity, many standard counter-measures were not
// implemented to protect this server from a variety of attacks.
// This means that for an attacker to disable this server or your
// entire computer is a trivial affair.
//
// If you're reading this looking for a useful SMTP server to deploy
// on your network, you are looking at the wrong thing!
// You should probably be looking at Sendmail or Postfix.
//
// This code should be seen as nothing more than an educational toy.
// Implementing all of the required checks for a robust network service
// are left as an educational excersize for the reader. No attempt has
// been made to sandbox the server or prevent it from using excessive
// system resources in the name of responding to client requests.
//
#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
// Port 25 redirected to 2525 through firewall
// or change this define to instead be "25"
#define PORT "2525"
// Specify the domain being served by this server
// Ideally this is a config argument and not a const
#define DOMAIN "kwf.dyndns.org"
#define BACKLOG_MAX (10)
#define BUF_SIZE 4096
#define STREQU(a,b) (strcmp(a, b) == 0)
// Linked list of ints container
struct int_ll {
int d;
struct int_ll *next;
};
// Overall server state
struct {
struct int_ll *sockfds;
int sockfd_max;
char *domain;
pthread_t thread; // Latest spawned thread
} state;
// Function prototypes
void init_socket(void);
void *handle_smtp (void *thread_arg);
void *get_in_addr(struct sockaddr *sa);
// M M A IIIIIII N N
// MM MM A A I NN N
// M M M M A A I N N N
// M M M A A I N N N
// M M AAAAAAA I N N N
// M M A A I N N N
// M M A A I N N N
// M M A A I N NN
// M M A A IIIIIII N N
int main (int argc, char *argv[]) {
int rc, i, j;
char strbuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
// Init syslog with program prefix
char *syslog_buf = (char*) malloc(1024);
sprintf(syslog_buf, "%s", argv[0]);
openlog(syslog_buf, LOG_PERROR | LOG_PID, LOG_USER);
// This would be more useful as an argument
state.domain = DOMAIN;
// Open sockets to listen on for client connections
init_socket();
// Loop forever listening for connections and spawning
// threads to handle each exchange via handle_smtp()
while (1) {
fd_set sockets;
FD_ZERO(&sockets);
struct int_ll *p;
for (p = state.sockfds; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
FD_SET(p->d, &sockets);
}
// Wait forever for a connection on any of the bound sockets
select (state.sockfd_max+1, &sockets, NULL, NULL, NULL);
// Iterate through the sockets looking for one with a new connection
for (p = state.sockfds; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
if (FD_ISSET(p->d, &sockets)) {
struct sockaddr_storage client_addr;
socklen_t sin_size = sizeof(client_addr);
int new_sock = accept (p->d, \
(struct sockaddr*) &client_addr, &sin_size);
if (new_sock == -1) {
syslog(LOG_ERR, "Accepting client connection failed");
continue;
}
// Convert client IP to human-readable
void *client_ip = get_in_addr(\
(struct sockaddr *)&client_addr);
inet_ntop(client_addr.ss_family, \
client_ip, strbuf, sizeof(strbuf));
syslog(LOG_DEBUG, "Connection from %s", strbuf);
// Pack the socket file descriptor into dynamic mem
// to be passed to thread; it will free this when done.
int * thread_arg = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int));
*thread_arg = new_sock;
// Spawn new thread to handle SMTP exchange
pthread_create(&(state.thread), NULL, \
handle_smtp, thread_arg);
}
}
} // end forever loop
return 0;
}
// SSS OOO CCC K K EEEEEEE TTTTTTT
// SS SS O O CC CC K K E T
// S O O CC C K K E T
// SS O O C K K E T
// SSS O O C KK EEEE T
// SS O O C K K E T
// S O O CC C K K E T
// SS SS O O CC CC K K E T
// SSS OOO CCC K K EEEEEEE T
//
// Try to bind to as many local sockets as available.
// Typically this would just be one IPv4 and one IPv6 socket
void init_socket(void) {
int rc, i, j, yes = 1;
int sockfd;
struct addrinfo hints, *hostinfo, *p;
// Set up the hints indicating all of localhost's sockets
memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
state.sockfds = NULL;
state.sockfd_max = 0;
rc = getaddrinfo(NULL, PORT, &hints, &hostinfo);
if (rc != 0) {
syslog(LOG_ERR, "Failed to get host addr info");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
for (p=hostinfo; p != NULL; p = p->ai_next) {
void *addr;
char ipstr[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
if (p->ai_family == AF_INET) {
addr = &((struct sockaddr_in*)p->ai_addr)->sin_addr;
} else {
addr = &((struct sockaddr_in6*)p->ai_addr)->sin6_addr;
}
inet_ntop(p->ai_family, addr, ipstr, sizeof(ipstr));
sockfd = socket(p->ai_family, p->ai_socktype, p->ai_protocol);
if (sockfd == -1) {
syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "Failed to create IPv%d socket", \
(p->ai_family == AF_INET) ? 4 : 6 );
continue;
}
setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, \
SO_REUSEADDR, &yes, sizeof(int));
rc = bind(sockfd, p->ai_addr, p->ai_addrlen);
if (rc == -1) {
close (sockfd);
syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "Failed to bind to IPv%d socket", \
(p->ai_family == AF_INET) ? 4 : 6 );
continue;
}
rc = listen(sockfd, BACKLOG_MAX);
if (rc == -1) {
syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "Failed to listen to IPv%d socket", \
(p->ai_family == AF_INET) ? 4 : 6 );
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// Update highest fd value for select()
(sockfd > state.sockfd_max) ? (state.sockfd_max = sockfd) : 1;
// Add new socket to linked list of sockets to listen to
struct int_ll *new_sockfd = malloc(sizeof(struct int_ll));
new_sockfd->d = sockfd;
new_sockfd->next = state.sockfds;
state.sockfds = new_sockfd;
}
if (state.sockfds == NULL) {
syslog(LOG_ERR, "Completely failed to bind to any sockets");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
freeaddrinfo(hostinfo);
return;
}
// SSS M M TTTTTTT PPPP
// SS SS MM MM T P PP
// S M M M M T P PP
// SS M M M T P PP
// SSS M M T PPPP
// SS M M T P
// S M M T P
// SS SS M M T P
// SSS M M T P
//
// This is typically spawned as a new thread for each exchange
// to handle the actual SMTP conversation with each client.
void *handle_smtp (void *thread_arg) {
syslog(LOG_DEBUG, "Starting thread for socket #%d", *(int*)thread_arg);
int rc, i, j;
char buffer[BUF_SIZE], bufferout[BUF_SIZE];
int buffer_offset = 0;
buffer[BUF_SIZE-1] = '\0';
// Unpack dynamic mem argument from main()
int sockfd = *(int*)thread_arg;
free(thread_arg);
// Flag for being inside of DATA verb
int inmessage = 0;
sprintf(bufferout, "220 %s SMTP CCSMTP\r\n", state.domain);
printf("%s", bufferout);
send(sockfd, bufferout, strlen(bufferout), 0);
while (1) {
fd_set sockset;
struct timeval tv;
FD_ZERO(&sockset);
FD_SET(sockfd, &sockset);
tv.tv_sec = 120; // Some SMTP servers pause for ~15s per message
tv.tv_usec = 0;
// Wait tv timeout for the server to send anything.
select(sockfd+1, &sockset, NULL, NULL, &tv);
if (!FD_ISSET(sockfd, &sockset)) {
syslog(LOG_DEBUG, "%d: Socket timed out", sockfd);
break;
}
int buffer_left = BUF_SIZE - buffer_offset - 1;
if (buffer_left == 0) {
syslog(LOG_DEBUG, "%d: Command line too long", sockfd);
sprintf(bufferout, "500 Too long\r\n");
printf("S%d: %s", sockfd, bufferout);
send(sockfd, bufferout, strlen(bufferout), 0);
buffer_offset = 0;
continue;
}
rc = recv(sockfd, buffer + buffer_offset, buffer_left, 0);
if (rc == 0) {
syslog(LOG_DEBUG, "%d: Remote host closed socket", sockfd);
break;
}
if (rc == -1) {
syslog(LOG_DEBUG, "%d: Error on socket", sockfd);
break;
}
buffer_offset += rc;
char *eol;
// Only process one line of the received buffer at a time
// If multiple lines were received in a single recv(), goto
// back to here for each line
//
processline:
eol = strstr(buffer, "\r\n");
if (eol == NULL) {
syslog(LOG_DEBUG, "%d: Haven't found EOL yet", sockfd);
continue;
}
// Null terminate each line to be processed individually
eol[0] = '\0';
if (!inmessage) { // Handle system verbs
printf("C%d: %s\n", sockfd, buffer);
// Replace all lower case letters so verbs are all caps
for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
if (islower(buffer[i])) {
buffer[i] += 'A' - 'a';
}
}
// Null-terminate the verb for strcmp
buffer[4] = '\0';
// Respond to each verb accordingly.
// You should replace these with more meaningful
// actions than simply printing everything.
//
if (STREQU(buffer, "HELO")) { // Initial greeting
sprintf(bufferout, "250 Ok\r\n");
printf("S%d: %s", sockfd, bufferout);
send(sockfd, bufferout, strlen(bufferout), 0);
} else if (STREQU(buffer, "MAIL")) { // New mail from...
sprintf(bufferout, "250 Ok\r\n");
printf("S%d: %s", sockfd, bufferout);
send(sockfd, bufferout, strlen(bufferout), 0);
} else if (STREQU(buffer, "RCPT")) { // Mail addressed to...
sprintf(bufferout, "250 Ok recipient\r\n");
printf("S%d: %s", sockfd, bufferout);
send(sockfd, bufferout, strlen(bufferout), 0);
} else if (STREQU(buffer, "DATA")) { // Message contents...
sprintf(bufferout, "354 Continue\r\n");
printf("S%d: %s", sockfd, bufferout);
send(sockfd, bufferout, strlen(bufferout), 0);
inmessage = 1;
} else if (STREQU(buffer, "RSET")) { // Reset the connection
sprintf(bufferout, "250 Ok reset\r\n");
printf("S%d: %s", sockfd, bufferout);
send(sockfd, bufferout, strlen(bufferout), 0);
} else if (STREQU(buffer, "NOOP")) { // Do nothing.
sprintf(bufferout, "250 Ok noop\r\n");
printf("S%d: %s", sockfd, bufferout);
send(sockfd, bufferout, strlen(bufferout), 0);
} else if (STREQU(buffer, "QUIT")) { // Close the connection
sprintf(bufferout, "221 Ok\r\n");
printf("S%d: %s", sockfd, bufferout);
send(sockfd, bufferout, strlen(bufferout), 0);
break;
} else { // The verb used hasn't been implemented.
sprintf(bufferout, "502 Command Not Implemented\r\n");
printf("S%d: %s", sockfd, bufferout);
send(sockfd, bufferout, strlen(bufferout), 0);
}
} else { // We are inside the message after a DATA verb.
printf("C%d: %s\n", sockfd, buffer);
if (STREQU(buffer, ".")) { // A single "." signifies the end
sprintf(bufferout, "250 Ok\r\n");
printf("S%d: %s", sockfd, bufferout);
send(sockfd, bufferout, strlen(bufferout), 0);
inmessage = 0;
}
}
// Shift the rest of the buffer to the front
memmove(buffer, eol+2, BUF_SIZE - (eol + 2 - buffer));
buffer_offset -= (eol - buffer) + 2;
// Do we already have additional lines to process? If so,
// commit a horrid sin and goto the line processing section again.
if (strstr(buffer, "\r\n"))
goto processline;
}
// All done. Clean up everything and exit.
close(sockfd);
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
// Extract the address from sockaddr depending on which family of socket it is
void * get_in_addr(struct sockaddr *sa) {
if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET) {
return &(((struct sockaddr_in*)sa)->sin_addr);
}
return &(((struct sockaddr_in6*)sa)->sin6_addr);
}
default:
cc ccsmtp.c -o ccsmtpd -lpthread
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