- End-user launches a mobile application or visits site, a request will be sent to the ad-exchange
- On the ad-eachange side this request will be futher passed to all the bidders who trade in that ad-exchange
- Those bidders get the information about device, application, user, ad template and etc, and they need to decide if they can place a bid for this particular request, and if so, how much to bid
- Once ad-exchange receives all the responses from bidders it will pick the winner
To estimate the winning price in auction, there are in general two high level approaches
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Machine learning based approach
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Historical observation