Build Postgres in Docker

Dockerfile.postgres-build

FROM ubuntu:16.10

# update the repository
RUN apt-get update --fix-missing

# install some basics
RUN apt-get install -y vim curl wget dialog net-tools \
            build-essential strace \
            perl libperl-dev python python-dev libxml2-dev libxslt-dev \
            libreadline-dev zlib1g-dev \
            libosp5 uuid-dev libossp-uuid-dev libossp-uuid16 \
            openssl libssl-dev
            
       # fetch postgres source
RUN wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v9.6.2/postgresql-9.6.2.tar.bz2

# unpack
RUN tar jxfv postgresql-9.6.2.tar.bz2

# configure and build
RUN cd postgresql-9.6.2 && ./configure \
  --with-openssl \
  --with-perl \
  --with-python \
  --with-uuid=e2fs \
  --with-libxml \
  --with-libxslt \
  --enable-thread-safety && make && make install

ENV PG_EXTENSIONS "adminpack pgcrypto hstore ltree \
                   xml2 cube btree_gin btree_gist \
                   fuzzystrmatch pg_standby postgres_fdw \
                   file_fdw uuid-ossp pg_trgm unaccent bloom"

RUN cd postgresql-9.6.2/contrib; \
    for ext in $PG_EXTENSIONS; \
        do cd ./$ext && make install; \
        cd ..; \
    done
ENV PG_HOME /usr/local/pgsql
ENV PG_USER postgres
ENV PG_GROUP postgres
ENV PGDATA /usr/local/pgsql/data
ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/pgsql/bin

RUN groupadd $PG_GROUP
RUN useradd -g $PG_GROUP -d $PG_HOME -c PostgreSQL $PG_USER
RUN mkdir -p $PG_HOME/data

RUN chown -R $PG_USER:$PG_GROUP $PG_HOME
RUN chmod 700 $PG_HOME
RUN chmod 700 $PG_HOME/data

# now things can run as proper user
USER postgres

# database storage init
RUN /usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data

# basic postgres config
COPY postgresql.conf /usr/local/pgsql/data
COPY pg_hba.conf /usr/local/pgsql/data

# expose ports
EXPOSE 5432

# start the whole thing
#RUN ["/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl", "-D",  "/usr/local/pgsql/data", "start"]
#RUN  /usr/local/pgsql/bin/postgres

# that doesn't start pg at all, no daemon running, no nothing, netstat no ports
# if I call docker like this:
#  docker run -d --name postgres -p :5432:5432 -t postgres /bin/su postgres -c '/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl -D /usr/local/pgsql/data start'
# I get at least a running postgres, netstat showsport etc
# and, after your advice, I listen to 0.0.0.0