一种Arduino上传HEX的方式。通过打包刷写程序和HEX，可以在没有IDE和源码的环境更新固件。

Make.bat

@echo off
echo "确保文件夹内包含 avrdude.exe，avrdude.conf，libusb0.dll，32u4Serial.ino.promicro.hex，Upload.py，Upload.spec,icon.ico 这些文件"
pause
pyinstaller -F -i icon.ico Upload.spec
pause

Upload.py

import serial.tools.list_ports, time, os

#生成资源文件目录访问路径
def resource_path(relative_path):
    if getattr(sys, 'frozen', False): #是否Bundle Resource
        base_path = sys._MEIPASS
    else:
        base_path = os.path.abspath(".")
    return os.path.join(base_path, relative_path)

print("开始刷写前，请确保设备已接入，且无多余的串口设备！")
os.system("pause")

try:
    com = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()[0][0]
except IndexError:
    print("未发现串口！")
    exit(1)
    os.system("pause")
else:
    print("发现串口：" + com + "，重启到 Bootloader 模式...")
    serial.Serial(com, 1200)
    time.sleep(1)
    print("重启完成！")

try:
    com = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()[0][0]
except IndexError:
    print("重启后未检查到串口，请检查设备是否错误！")
    exit(1)
    os.system("pause")
else:
    print("发现串口：" + com + "，开始刷入...")
    #cmd = "avrdude -p m32u4 -c avr109 -P " + com + " -D -U flash:w:32u4Serial.hex"
    cmd = resource_path(os.path.join('avrdude.exe')) + ' -C' + resource_path(os.path.join('avrdude.conf')) + ' -v -patmega32u4 -cavr109 -P' + com + ' -b57600 -D -Uflash:w:' + resource_path(os.path.join('32u4Serial.ino.promicro.hex')) + ':i'
    #print("刷入指令：" + cmd)
    if (os.system(cmd)):
        print("刷入错误，请检查输出。")
        exit(1)
        os.system("pause")
    else:
        print("刷入成功!")
        os.system("pause")

Upload.spec

# -*- mode: python ; coding: utf-8 -*-

block_cipher = None


a = Analysis(['Flash.py'],
             pathex=['X:\\Upload\\src'],
             binaries=[],
             datas=[
			 ("avrdude.exe","."),
			 ("avrdude.conf","."),
			 ("libusb0.dll","."),
			 ("32u4Serial.ino.promicro.hex",".")],
             hiddenimports=[],
             hookspath=[],
             runtime_hooks=[],
             excludes=[],
             win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
             win_private_assemblies=False,
             cipher=block_cipher,
             noarchive=False)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
             cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          a.binaries,
          a.zipfiles,
          a.datas,
          [],
          name='Flash',
          debug=False,
          bootloader_ignore_signals=False,
          strip=False,
          upx=True,
          upx_exclude=[],
          runtime_tmpdir=None,
          console=True , icon='icon.ico')