TrueGRF uses a custom (RPN-based) language.
RPN (See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_Polish_notation), also known as postfix language or stack-based language, is used as NewGRFs have a limit subsets of supported operations. RPN best matches NewGRFs while still being a slightly higher language than NFO is.
Integer-based
As NewGRF is integer-based, so is this language. This is not so much a rule of this language, more a consequence of the rule NewGRF created.