- Find the
TokenBucket
settings in your current simulation. - Increase the
capacity
to a new, higher value (e.g., double its current value, or set to 200 tokens). - Decrease the
fill_rate
to a new, lower value (e.g., half its current value, or set to 5 tokens per second). - Run the simulation again using these modified
TokenBucket
settings. - Report the total number of allowed requests and rate-limited requests from this new simulation run.
- Clearly explain how increasing the
capacity
and decreasing thefill_rate
specifically changed the number of allowed versus rate-limited requests compared to the original simulation.
Modify the following Python TimerContext
class to handle exceptions:
import time
class TimerContext:
def __enter__(self):
self.start_time = time.time()
return self
This script demonstrates how to create a temporary file using tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile
that does not get automatically deleted upon closing. It then writes data, closes the file, reopens it by its path to read the data, and finally manually deletes it.
- Create a temporary file that will not be deleted automatically when closed. Uses
tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile
and setsdelete=False
. - Write the text "This data should persist." into this temporary file.
- Get the full path (name) of the temporary file.
- Close the temporary file.
This document demonstrates the modifications to the DBConnection
context manager, fulfilling the requirements to accept connection parameters, display them during connection, and an example of its usage.
The DBConnection
class has been updated:
- The
__init__
method now acceptshost
,user
, andpassword
. - The
__enter__
method prints a clear message including these parameters as the connection is established.
Follow these steps to modify your existing script to include an optional output feature:
- Add an optional command-line argument: Create an optional argument named
--output
(or-o
) that accepts a file path as its value. - Check for the argument: After processing the script's content, check if the
--output
argument was provided by the user. - Conditional output:
- If the
--output
argument was provided: Take the processed content and write it to the file path specified by the argument. Create the file if it doesn't exist, or overwrite it if it does. - If the
--output
argument was not provided: Print the processed content to the console (standard output), just like the script currently does.
- If the
- Maintain core functionality: The script should continue to perform its original content processing (e.g., making text uppercase, adding prefixes) exactly as it did before. This modification only changes where the final proce
This guide provides a detailed, step-by-step process to implement a Git pre-push
hook. This hook will automatically run your unit tests before allowing a push to a remote repository. If any tests fail, the push will be blocked, helping to ensure that only passing code reaches your remote branches.
All Git hooks for a repository are located in a special directory within that repository.
- Navigate to your repository's root: Open your terminal or command prompt and change your current directory to the main folder of your Git project.
- Locate the
.git/hooks/
folder: Inside your repository's root, you'll find a hidden.git
directory. The hooks are within a subfolder calledhooks
.
The pathlib
module in Python provides an object-oriented way to work with file system paths. It makes common path operations cleaner and more intuitive than the older os.path
module.
Here's how to use it step-by-step:
First, you need to import the Path
class from the pathlib
module.
- Define a
TokenBucketRateLimiter
class that has:- An
__init__
method to setcapacity
(maximum tokens) andfill_rate
(tokens per second). - A method (e.g.,
allow_request
) that tries to consume one token. It should returnTrue
if a token was available and consumed,False
otherwise. Tokens should refill over time based on thefill_rate
.
- An
- Create an instance of this limiter with
capacity=5
andfill_rate=1
token/second. - Execute 10 requests in a rapid loop. For each request, call the
allow_request
method on the limiter and print whether the request was "Allowed" or "Denied". - Pause execution for 3 seconds using
time.sleep(3)
. - Execute 5 more requests in a rapid loop. For each request, call the
allow_request
method and print whether the request was "Allowed` or "Denied". - After the code runs, provide a clear explanation of the entire output, detailing why certain requests were allowed or de
This guide provides step-by-step instructions to modify an existing Python watchdog
script to react only to file creation and file modification events, explicitly ignoring directory events and other file system changes.
To configure the watchdog
script to:
- Process events when a file is created.
- Process events when a file is modified.
- Ignore all events related to directories (created, modified, deleted).