How Laravel middleware system work

pipleline.php

<?php


//the middleware
$middleware1 = function ($request, $carry) {
    echo "first middleware \n";

    return $carry($request);
};

$middleware2 = function ($request, $carry) {
    $response = $carry($request);
    echo "\nsecond middleware \n";

    return $response;
};


//the pipeline
$pipline = array_reduce(
    [$middleware1, $middleware2],
    function ($carry, $middleware) {
        return function ($request) use ($carry, $middleware) {
            return $middleware($request, $carry);
        };
    },
    function ($request) {
        echo $request->content();
    }
);


//run it
$pipline(
    //think of it as a tiny request class
    new class() {
        public function content()
        {
            return  'hello this is the content';
        }
    }
);