IF Statements and Nested IF Statements in Excel

IF Statements in Excel

=if( [logical-condition], [result-if-true], [result-if-false] )

Example:

=if( [STATION]="101", "New-York", "Not-New-York" )

// If [STATION] equals "101", then set the cell value to "New-York", otherwise set it to "Not-New-York".

Now, more than one [STATION] may be associated with "New-York", so we must add an OR statement into the mix. 

=if( OR( [STATION]="101", [STATION]="103") , "New-York", "Non-New-York" )

// If [STATION] equals "101" or "103", then set the cell value to "New-York".

To test more than 2 possible values in your condition (like, if [STATION] equals "101", "103", "104", "116", etc., you must nest multiple IF statements together, since the OR statement can only test two values.


Nesting 3 IF statements will look somewhat like this:


=if( [logical-condition], [result-if-true], if( [logical-condition], [result-if-true], if( [logical-condition], [result-if-true], [result-if-all-above-are-false] ) ) )


So in the example below, we're looking to see if the field [STATION] is equal to either "101, 103, 104, 116, 200, or 215". Since the OR statement will only accept two arguments (either [STATION] = "101" OR [STATION] = "103"). So if we want to check six possible values, you have to do a total of 3 IF statements (1 statement per 2 conditions to test). 

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------

=if(or([STATION]="101",[STATION]="103"), "New-York",                                   // Is STATION either 101 or 103? If YES, set value to "New-York", otherwise keep going ...
	if(or([STATION]="104",[STATION]="116"), "New-York",                            // IS STATION either 104 or 116? If YES, set value to "New-York", otherwise keep going ...
		if(or([STATION]="200", [STATION]="215"), "New-York", "Not-New-York")   // IS STATION either 200 or 215? If YES, set value to "New-York", otherwise (since we've tested everything else) set value to "Not-New-York"
        )
)

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------

Complete statement on 1 line:

=if(or([STATION]="101",[STATION]="103"), "New-York", if(or([STATION]="104",[STATION]="116"), "New-York", if(or([STATION]="200", [STATION]="215"), "New-York", "Not-New-York")))