validator.php

<?php

namespace AlefCastelo;

use Attribute;
use ArrayObject;
use Exception;
use ReflectionObject;
use ReflectionProperty;
use RuntimeException;

interface AssertInterface
{
    public function isValid(mixed $value): bool;
}

interface ValidatorInterface
{
    public function isValid(object $value): bool;
}

class ViolationsException extends RuntimeException
{
    public function __construct(
        public Violations $violations,
        $message = "Input is not valid."
    ) {
        parent::__construct($message);
    }

    public function toArray(): array
    {
        $violations = [];
        foreach ($this->violations->getArrayCopy() as $propertyViolations) {
            $violations[$propertyViolations->propertyName] = $propertyViolations->toArray();
        }

        return $violations;
    }
}

class Violations extends ArrayObject
{
    public function add(PropertyViolations $violations): void
    {
        $this->append($violations);
    }
}

class PropertyViolations extends ArrayObject
{
    public function __construct(
        public string $propertyName,
        array $violations = []
    ) {
        parent::__construct($violations);
    }

    public function add(Violation $violation): void
    {
        $this->append($violation);
    }

    public function toArray(): array
    {
        $violations = [];

        foreach ($this->getArrayCopy() as $violation) {
            $violations[] = [
                'property' => $violation->property,
                'type' => $violation->type,
                'value' => $violation->value,
            ];
        }

        return $violations;
    }
}

class Violation
{
    public function __construct(
        public string $property,
        public string $type,
        public mixed $value
    ) {
    }
}

#[Attribute]
class Required implements AssertInterface
{
    public function __construct(
        public string $type = 'is_required'
    ) {
    }

    public function isValid(mixed $value): bool
    {
        if (is_null($value) || empty($value)) {
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }
}

#[Attribute]
class Email implements AssertInterface
{
    public function __construct(
        public string $type = 'email_not_valid'
    ) {
    }

    public function isValid(mixed $value): bool
    {
        if (!filter_var($value, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)) {
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }
}

class MemberRepository
{
    public function findByEmail(string $email): bool
    {
        return 'alefaraujocastelo@gmail.com' === $email;
    }
}

#[Attribute]
class EmailExists implements AssertInterface
{
    public function __construct(
        public MemberRepository $memberRepository,
        public string $type = 'email_in_use'
    ) {
    }

    public function isValid(mixed $value): bool
    {
        return !$this->memberRepository->findByEmail($value);
    }
}

class Member
{
    public function __construct(
        #[Required]
        public string $name,

        #[Email]
        #[Required]
        #[EmailExists]
        public string $email
    ) {
    }
}

$validators = [
    Email::class => new Email(),
    EmailExists::class => new EmailExists(new MemberRepository()),
    Required::class => new Required()
];

class Validator implements ValidatorInterface{
    public function __construct(
        protected array $constraints
    ) {
    }

    public function isValid(object $value): bool
    {
        $reflectionObject = new ReflectionObject($value);
        $reflectionProperties = $reflectionObject->getProperties();

        $violations = new Violations();

        foreach ($reflectionProperties as $reflectionProperty) {
            $reflectionProperty->setAccessible(true);
            $propertyViolations = $this->propertyIsValid($value, $reflectionProperty);

            if (!$propertyViolations instanceof PropertyViolations) {
                continue;
            }

            $violations->add($propertyViolations);
        }

        if ($violations->count() >= 1) {
            throw new ViolationsException($violations);
        }

        return true;
    }

    public function propertyIsValid(object $object, ReflectionProperty $property): ?PropertyViolations
    {
        $property->setAccessible(true);
        $value = $property->getValue($object);

        $violations = new PropertyViolations($property->getName());
        foreach ($property->getAttributes() as $attribute) {
            if (!is_a($attribute->getName(), AssertInterface::class, true)) {
                continue;
            }

            $validator = $this->constraints[$attribute->getName()];

            if ($validator->isValid($value)) {
                continue;
            }

            $violations->add(new Violation($property->getName(), $validator->type, $value));
        }

        if ($violations->count() >= 1) {
            return $violations;
        }

        return null;
    }
}

$member = new Member('', '');
$validator = new Validator($validators);

try {
    $validator->isValid($member);
} catch (ViolationsException $violations) {
    print(json_encode($violations->toArray())); // {"name":[{"property":"name","type":"is_required","value":""}],"email":[{"property":"email","type":"email_not_valid","value":""},{"property":"email","type":"is_required","value":""}]}
}