http://css-tricks.com/forums/topic/wordpress-question-about-tagging-logic

custom_post_type.php

<?php

if ( ! function_exists('physicians_custom_post_type') ) {

// Register Custom Post Type
function physicians_custom_post_type() {

    $labels = array(
        'name'                => 'Physicians',
        'singular_name'       => 'Physician',
        'menu_name'           => 'Physicians',
        'parent_item_colon'   => 'Parent Physician:',
        'all_items'           => 'All Physicians',
        'view_item'           => 'View Physician',
        'add_new_item'        => 'Add New Physician',
        'add_new'             => 'Add New',
        'edit_item'           => 'Edit Physician',
        'update_item'         => 'Update Physician',
        'search_items'        => 'Search Physician',
        'not_found'           => 'Not found',
        'not_found_in_trash'  => 'Not found in Trash',
    );
    $args = array(
        'label'               => 'physicians',
        'description'         => 'Custom Physicians Post Type',
        'labels'              => $labels,
        'supports'            => array( 'title', 'editor', 'excerpt', 'author', 'thumbnail', 'comments', 'trackbacks', 'revisions', 'custom-fields', 'page-attributes', 'post-formats', ),
        'taxonomies'          => array( 'department', 'location' ),
        'hierarchical'        => true,
        'public'              => true,
        'show_ui'             => true,
        'show_in_menu'        => true,
        'show_in_nav_menus'   => true,
        'show_in_admin_bar'   => true,
        'menu_position'       => 5,
        'can_export'          => true,
        'has_archive'         => true,
        'exclude_from_search' => false,
        'publicly_queryable'  => true,
        'capability_type'     => 'page',
    );
    register_post_type( 'physicians', $args );

}

// Hook into the 'init' action
add_action( 'init', 'physicians_custom_post_type', 0 );

}

if ( ! function_exists( 'department_custom_taxonomy' ) ) {

// Register Custom Taxonomy
function department_custom_taxonomy() {

    $labels = array(
        'name'                       => 'Departments',
        'singular_name'              => 'Department',
        'menu_name'                  => 'Departments',
        'all_items'                  => 'All Departments',
        'parent_item'                => 'Parent Department',
        'parent_item_colon'          => 'Parent Department:',
        'new_item_name'              => 'New Department Name',
        'add_new_item'               => 'Add Department Item',
        'edit_item'                  => 'Edit Department',
        'update_item'                => 'Update Department',
        'separate_items_with_commas' => 'Separate departments with commas',
        'search_items'               => 'Search Departments',
        'add_or_remove_items'        => 'Add or remove departments',
        'choose_from_most_used'      => 'Choose from the most used departments',
        'not_found'                  => 'Not Found',
    );
    $args = array(
        'labels'                     => $labels,
        'hierarchical'               => true,
        'public'                     => true,
        'show_ui'                    => true,
        'show_admin_column'          => true,
        'show_in_nav_menus'          => true,
        'show_tagcloud'              => true,
    );
    register_taxonomy( 'department', array( 'physicians' ), $args );

}

// Hook into the 'init' action
add_action( 'init', 'department_custom_taxonomy', 0 );

}

if ( ! function_exists( 'location_custom_taxonomy' ) ) {

// Register Custom Taxonomy
function location_custom_taxonomy() {

    $labels = array(
        'name'                       => 'Locations',
        'singular_name'              => 'Location',
        'menu_name'                  => 'Locations',
        'all_items'                  => 'All Locations',
        'parent_item'                => 'Parent Location',
        'parent_item_colon'          => 'Parent Location:',
        'new_item_name'              => 'New Location Name',
        'add_new_item'               => 'Add New Location',
        'edit_item'                  => 'Edit Location',
        'update_item'                => 'Update Location',
        'separate_items_with_commas' => 'Separate locations with commas',
        'search_items'               => 'Search Locations',
        'add_or_remove_items'        => 'Add or remove locations',
        'choose_from_most_used'      => 'Choose from the most used locations',
        'not_found'                  => 'Not Found',
    );
    $args = array(
        'labels'                     => $labels,
        'hierarchical'               => true,
        'public'                     => true,
        'show_ui'                    => true,
        'show_admin_column'          => true,
        'show_in_nav_menus'          => true,
        'show_tagcloud'              => true,
    );
    register_taxonomy( 'location', array( 'physicians' ), $args );

}

// Hook into the 'init' action
add_action( 'init', 'location_custom_taxonomy', 0 );

}

page.php

<?php

/**
 *  http://css-tricks.com/forums/topic/wordpress-question-about-tagging-logic
 * 
 */


$post_terms = wp_get_object_terms($post->ID, 'department', array('fields'=>'ids'));
$currentID = get_the_ID();
$args = array(
    'post_type' => 'physician',
    'post__not_in' => array($currentID),
    'tax_query' => array(
        array(
            'taxonomy' => 'department',
            'field' => 'id',
            'terms' => $post_terms
            )
        )
    );
$the_query = new WP_Query($args);
?>
<h3>Cardiology Physicians</h3>
<?php if($the_query->have_posts()): while($the_query->have_posts()): $the_query->the_post(); ?>
<div class="profile-item">
    <div class="name">
        <a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" title="<?php the_title(); ?>"><strong><?php the_title(); ?></strong> <?php echo get_field('title'); ?></a>
    </div>
    <div class="thumb">
        <?php $image = wp_get_attachment_image_src(get_field('image'), 'physician-thumb'); ?>
        <img src="<?php echo $image[0]; ?>" alt="">
    </div>
</div>
<?php endwhile; endif; wp_reset_postdata(); ?>