Univerally recognised mathematical symbols and their name/meaning
≡ is defined as/is equivalent to
= is equal to
≠ is not equal to
‖...‖ size (length) of
∈ is in the following set
∉ is not in the following set
∀ for all
∪ union (common elements in adjacent sets)
∧ and
: such that
{} set
() function or tuple
[] array indexing
∨ or (e.g. eq 11), Unsure for equations 24 and 29
_> greater than
_+ addition
_- subtraction
∑ summation
{ either or --- generally used to denote cases, for example piecewise functions with behaviour like 'if this, that. Otherwise, this different thing'.
|...| no. bytes of (e.g. eq 96)
⌊...⌋ floor; lowest element in
⌈...⌉ ceiling; highest element in
⊕ exclusive or
[ a, b) real numbers greater than or equal to a and less than b
∅ empty set
· sequence concatenation (e.g. equations 166,227)
∃ there exists
Symbols which have a specific meaning in the Yellow Paper, but are not universally used in general mathematics
𝔹n hash of size n bytes