mysql_escape_characters

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mysql> SELECT 'abc' LIKE 'a_c'
    -> ;
+------------------+
| 'abc' LIKE 'a_c' |
+------------------+
|                1 |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT 'abc' LIKE 'a_c';
+------------------+
| 'abc' LIKE 'a_c' |
+------------------+
|                1 |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT 'abc' LIKE 'a\_c';
+-------------------+
| 'abc' LIKE 'a\_c' |
+-------------------+
|                 0 |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT 'abc' LIKE 'a\\_c';
+--------------------+
| 'abc' LIKE 'a\\_c' |
+--------------------+
|                  0 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT 'abc' LIKE 'a\_c';
+-------------------+
| 'abc' LIKE 'a\_c' |
+-------------------+
|                 0 |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT 'a\_c';
+------+
| a\_c |
+------+
| a\_c |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT 'a\xc';
+-----+
| axc |
+-----+
| axc |
+-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT 'a\yc';
+-----+
| ayc |
+-----+
| ayc |
+-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT 'a\(c';
+-----+
| a(c |
+-----+
| a(c |
+-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT 'abc' RLIKE 'a\(c';
ERROR 1139 (42000): Got error 'parentheses not balanced' from regexp
mysql> SELECT 'a(c' RLIKE 'a\(c';
ERROR 1139 (42000): Got error 'parentheses not balanced' from regexp