Для LS_COLORS выводит тип и описание соответствующего цвета.

ls_color.sh

#!/bin/bash
# For LS_COLORS, print type and description in the relevant color.

IFS=:
for ls_color in $LS_COLORS; do
    color="${ls_color#*=}"
    type="${ls_color%=*}"

    # Add descriptions for named types.
    case "$type" in
    bd) type+=" (block device)" ;;
    ca) type+=" (file with capability)" ;;
    cd) type+=" (character device)" ;;
    di) type+=" (directory)" ;;
    do) type+=" (door)" ;;
    ex) type+=" (executable file)" ;;
    fi) type+=" (regular file)" ;;
    ln) type+=" (symbolic link)" ;;
    mh) type+=" (multi-hardlink)" ;;
    mi) type+=" (missing file)" ;;
    no) type+=" (normal non-filename text)" ;;
    or) type+=" (orphan symlink)" ;;
    ow) type+=" (other-writable directory)" ;;
    pi) type+=" (named pipe, AKA FIFO)" ;;
    rs) type+=" (reset to no color)" ;;
    sg) type+=" (set-group-ID)" ;;
    so) type+=" (socket)" ;;
    st) type+=" (sticky directory)" ;;
    su) type+=" (set-user-ID)" ;;
    tw) type+=" (sticky and other-writable directory)" ;;
    esac

    # Separate each color with a newline.
    if [[ $color_prev ]] && [[ $color != $color_prev ]]; then
        echo
    fi

    printf "\e[%sm%s\e[m " "$color" "$type"

    # For next loop
    color_prev="$color"
done
echo
# Additional information 'dircolors -p' and 'man dir_colors'