USCLUG VM Generation Script for Workshops

usclug-vm.sh

SCRIPT_USERNAME="usclug"
SCRIPT_USERHOME="/home/$SCRIPT_USERNAME"
 
echo "**"
echo "** System Setup"
echo "**"
cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.default
echo "deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main contrib non-free" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main contrib non-free" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main contrib non-free" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main contrib non-free" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main contrib non-free" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main contrib non-free" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list

## Debian Packports
echo "# Debian Backports" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-backports.list
echo "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-backports main" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-backports.list
echo "deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-backports main" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-backports.list

## Debian Testing
echo "# Debian Testing" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-testing.list
echo "deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian testing main" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-testing.list
echo "deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian testing main" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-testing.list

## Nginx Official Package
echo "# Nginx" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list
echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ wheezy nginx" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list
echo "deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/debian/ wheezy nginx" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list
apt-key adv --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys ABF5BD827BD9BF62

## Midori Lightweight Browser
echo "#Midori" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/midori.list
echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/midori/ppa/ubuntu trusty main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/midori.list
echo "deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/midori/ppa/ubuntu trusty main" | tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/midori.list
apt-key adv --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 61E5F6C1A69241F1

## APT Pinning
## The following configuration only allows packages to be
## explicitly installed from testing.
echo "Package: *" | tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/wheezy
echo "Pin: release o=Debian,a=stable" | tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/wheezy
echo "Pin-Priority: 800" | tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/wheezy
echo "" | tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/wheezy
echo "Package: *" | tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/wheezy
echo "Pin: release o=Debian,a=testing" | tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/wheezy
echo "Pin-Priority: 300" | tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/wheezy
echo "" | tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/wheezy
echo "Package: *" | tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/wheezy
echo "Pin: release o=Debian" | tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/wheezy
echo "Pin-Priority: -1" | tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/wheezy

## Give Nginx official package priority over debian repos
echo "Package: nginx nginx-debug" | tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/nginx
echo "Pin: origin nginx.org" | tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/nginx
echo "Pin-Priority: 901" | tee -a /etc/apt/preferences.d/nginx

## Update system
echo "**"
echo "** Update Installed Packages"
echo "**"
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get dist-upgrade

## Install Packages
echo "**"
echo "** Install New Packages"
echo "**"
apt-get install \
	ssh openssh-server openssl build-essential binutils tmux \
	module-assistant \
	sudo ntp lsb-release tree htop traceroute curl \
	bash-completion dialog \
	python python-pip ruby \
	subversion subversion-tools git mercurial \
	vim vim-scripts emacs23 emacs-goodies-el nano \
	enscript highlight astyle colordiff diffstat \
	unzip zip p7zip \
	xorg openbox obconf tint2 \
	lxterminal midori

echo "**"
echo "** Configuration"
echo "**"

# Allow VM to build kernel modules (mainly for VBox settings)
m-a prepare

# User Management
usermod -a -G sudo $SCRIPT_USERNAME
usermod -a -G adm $SCRIPT_USERNAME
usermod -a -G www-data $SCRIPT_USERNAME
usermod -a -G vboxsf $SCRIPT_USERNAME
 
# GRUB Timeout
sed -i "s/^GRUB_TIMEOUT=.*/GRUB_TIMEOUT=2/" /etc/default/grub
update-grub
 
# Local information
dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
locale-gen en_US.UTF-8
update-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8
dpkg-reconfigure locales
select-default-wordlist

# Updaing alternatives to set defaults for editor and terminal emulator
update-alternatives --config editor
update-alternatives --config x-terminal-emulator

# Install Inconsolata font (variant)
mkdir -p /usr/share/fonts/opentype
curl --silent http://media.nodnod.net/Inconsolata-dz.otf.zip | zcat  > /usr/share/fonts/opentype/Inconsolata-dz.otf
fc-cache -fv

##GUI Configuration
sed -i 's/^id:.*:initdefault:.*/id:5:initdefault:/' /etc/inittab

## Update system
echo "**"
echo "** System Clean-up"
echo "**"
apt-get autoremove
apt-get clean
apt-get autoclean


echo "**"
echo "** User Configuration"
echo "**"
sed -i 's/^HISTCONTROL=.*/HISTCONTROL=ignoredups/' $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.bashrc
sed -i 's/^HISTSIZE=.*/HISTSIZE=10000/' $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.bashrc
sed -i '/^HISTFILESIZE=.*/ a\
PROMPT_COMMAND="history -a;"' $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.bashrc
sed -i 's/^#force_color_prompt=.*/force_color_prompt=yes/' $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.bashrc
sed -i '/if \[ \"$color_prompt\" \= yes \]\; then/{N;s/\n.*//;}' $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.bashrc
sed -i '/if \[ \"$color_prompt\" \= yes \]\; then/ a\
PS1=\'\'\${debian_chroot:+\(\$debian_chroot\)}\\\\[\\\\033[01\;32m\\\\]\\\\u@\\\\h\\\\[\\\\033[00m\\\\]:\\\\[\\\\033[01\;34m\\\\]\\\\w\ \\\\[\\\\033[31m\\\\]\$\(__git_ps1\ \"\(%s\)\"\)\\\\[\\\\033[00m\\\\]\\\\[\\\\033[00m\\\\]\\\\$\ \''' $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.bashrc

# User-specific GUI Configuration
echo "exec openbox-session" >> $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.xinitrc
chmod +x $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.xinitrc
chown $SCRIPT_USERNAME:$SCRIPT_USERNAME $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.xinitrc
mkdir $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.config
mkdir $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.config/openbox
touch $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.config/openbox/autostart.sh
echo "# Tint2 Panel/Task Bar" >> $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.config/openbox/autostart.sh
echo "(sleep 2s && tint2) &" >> $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.config/openbox/autostart.sh
echo "(sleep 2s && lxterminal) &" >> $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.config/openbox/autostart.sh
sed 's/<name>sans<\/name>/<name>dejvu sans<\/name>/' /etc/xdg/openbox/rc.xml > $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.config/openbox/rc.xml
chmod 755 $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.config $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.config/openbox $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.config/openbox/autostart.sh
chown -R $SCRIPT_USERNAME:$SCRIPT_USERNAME $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.config

# Start GUI on Login
echo '' >> $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.bashrc
echo '#Auto-start OpenBox on login' >> $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.bashrc
echo 'if [ -z "$DISPLAY" ] && [ $(tty) == /dev/tty1 ]; then' >> $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.bashrc
echo '   startx' >> $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.bashrc
echo 'fi' >> $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.bashrc


#Add nano syntax highlighting
find /usr/share/nano/ -name "*.nanorc" -print | sed -e 's/^\(.*\)$/include "\1"/g' >> $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.nanorc
chown $SCRIPT_USERNAME:$SCRIPT_USERNAME $SCRIPT_USERHOME/.nanorc
 
# Git basics
su - $SCRIPT_USERNAME -c "git config --global core.editor vi"
su - $SCRIPT_USERNAME -c "git config --global color.diff auto"
su - $SCRIPT_USERNAME -c "git config --global color.status auto"
su - $SCRIPT_USERNAME -c "git config --global color.branch auto"
su - $SCRIPT_USERNAME -c "git config --global color.interactive auto"
su - $SCRIPT_USERNAME -c "git config --global color.ui auto"
su - $SCRIPT_USERNAME -c "git config --global core.autocrlf input"
su - $SCRIPT_USERNAME -c "git config --global push.default simple"
su - $SCRIPT_USERNAME -c "git config --global merge.tool vimdiff"

Some basic user configuration after launching X and starting the terminal

sed -i 's/^fontname=.*/fontname=Inconsolata-dz Bold 10/' ~/.config/lxterminal/lxterminal.conf

When creating an appliance make sure to compact properly, by running the following commands on the VM:

rm usclug-vm.sh
dd if=/dev/zero of=fillfile bs=1M
rm fillfile
history -c
sudo shutdown -h now

Then, on the host side:

VBoxManage modifyhd /path/to/VDI --compact

Also, you may want to enable ssh access by:

VBoxManage modifyvm "usclug-vm" --natpf1 "guestssh,tcp,,2222,,22"
ssh -p 2222 usclug@127.0.0.1

Optionally, you may add the following tweaks:

• Enable copy/paste between host and guest machines by selecting: Devices -> Shared Clipboard -> Bidirectional