My comments start with // to distinguish from gulnara's.

gistfile1.txt

#assignment is done via <-, equality is id with only one =
// Nice!

prompt <- '>'

#printing is done via show 

show 'What's your name?'

#the input from user is taken via user_input = raw_input in python
// What does |using| do here? I'm guessing it starts the argument list? 

name <- user_input using prompt

#any variable that is referenced in the string will be referenced via %var and outside the string it will be rerenced via % and the name of the variable 
// This comment is out of date, although I think you improved on your original semantics. My one question would be, does it join the arguments to "show" with spaces? If so, you should be explicit about that.
// Also, I assume you're adopting the Python convention of having |print| be a statement, rather than a function, since this doesn't use |using|. http://docs.python.org/2/reference/simple_stmts.html#print

show 'Hello' name

show 'Let's play a game! Pick any number between 1 and 20.'

# randomize is a method - haven't figured out how to implement yet
// http://docs.python.org/2/library/random.html#random.randint ?

i <- randomize using 1 to 20

#loops have names and in order to break out of a loop you use stop + the name of then loop
# the insides of the loop have to be indented 

loop guessing:
	stratting with  // Does this need a : to start an indented block as well?
		initial guess <- 0
	end

	guess <- guess + 1

        // What does |via| do?
        // I assume |number_input| is syntactic sugar for parsing a number from |user_input| - what happens if someone types in (for example) "xyzzy"?
	number <- number_input via prompt

	#conditinal statements are defined via ?, then, default:

	is number < i ?
		then show 'The number is too low. Try again.'

	or is number > i ?
		then show 'The number is too high. Try again.'

	otherwise  // Again, do these blocks need to be started with : ?
		show 'You guessed it! Great job' name 'You found my number in' guess 'tries.' 
		stop guessing
	end
end